W

W
W

K J
K J

K J
K J

K J
W
W
K

--

K

K

--

K
W
K

W
K

K
K

--

700 V600 VW E

3000 V1500 V

(Trolleybus) K
K10%

50 40 5 3
K

K132110

161511W E
K25
6050

F
KE

400 300
K

25 16

K 8050
K

W E
16Hz 3.3KV

KK
--

Ft
Ft

Ft = Fa + Fr

Ft = Fa + FrFg

Fa
Fr
Fg

W
WmFa

Fa = m . a= (W/g). aNewton

20% 10% me KKK

Fa = me . a= (We/g). aNewton
L

WLL

Fa = ( 1000 me ) x ( 1000/3600 ) = 277.8me. a Newton

--

W
W

KKK

KK

(N/t)Lr

Fr = m (tones) x r (Newton/tones) = m . r

Newton

Fg = W sin = m .g . sin

E JF C
C% =( Y/X). 100 = 100 sin
Fg = 1000 m .g. C/100 = 98.1 m. C

Km

E JF

:
Ft = Fa + FrFg
Ft = 277.8me. aH m. r 98.1 m. C

--

CLL

KLr
Fg = 0.0

Lv

Po = Ft . v

watt

Po = Ft . (1000/3600) v = Ft . v /3600
k watt

Pm = Po/= Ft . v/ 3600
k watt

L 2 1: 250 240W J

KL60L
50N/t K
a = 2 Km / h / sec .
m e = 1 . 1 240 = 264

K10%

m = 240 tonne

tonne

1
100 = 0 . 4 %
250
The tractive effort required for train
Ft = 277 . 8 m e . a + m . r + 98 . 1 m . C
Ft = 277 . 8 264 2 + 240 50 + 98 . 1 240 0 . 4 = 168096
The tractive power required for train
F .v
168096 60
Po = t
=
= 2802
3600
3600
r = 50 N / t

C =

N
KW

--

K Tm

WKLNNm

TmEKF
T
F1
Ft
Nm
N

d2/d1
d1, d2 L

E JF

--

d1
2 Tm
or
F1 =
2
d1
D
d
2 T
2T
T = Ft = F1 2 or Ft =
and F1 =
2
2
D
d2
d
Ft = F1 2
D
2 Tm d 2
T
d
Ft = F1 2 =
=2 m
d1
D
D
D

Tm = F1

Ft =a. W

W a

KZ
Ft =a. W= a . m . g

Ft =1000 9.81 a . m = 9810 a . m

Newton

250W J

KL 42 20 1: 80
40N/t 92% 3.5

KK9210%

v
42
=
= 2 .1
t
20
m e = 1 .1 250 = 275
1
C = 100 = 1 .25 %
80
Ft = 277 .8 m e . a + m . r + 98 .1 m . C
Ft = 277 .8 275 2 .1 + 250 40 + 98 .1 250 1 .25 = 201054 .5
T
F D 201054 .5 0 .92
Ft = 2 m
or Tm = t
=
= 28722
D
2
2 0 .92 3 .5
Torque / motor = 28722 / 4 = 7180
a =

Km/h/sec.
tonne

N
N.m.
N.m.

--

8000 250W J
30: 1000

10% 50N/t 90% 3.5

80 K 90

85%3000-VL
K

Ft = 2

Tm
8000 4
= 2 0 .9 3 .5
= 224000
D
0 .9

30
100 = 3 %
1000
Ft = Fa + Fr + Fg
Ft = Fa + m . r + 98 .1 m . C
224000 = Fa + 250 50 + 98 .1 250 3 = Fa + 86075
Fa = 224000 86075 = 137925
Fa = 277 .8 m e a = 137925
137925
137925
a=
=
= 1 .8
277 .8 m e 277 .8 1.1 250
Time taken to achieve a speed of 80 Km / h.
v 80
t = =
= 44 .44
a 1 .8
1000
Ft v

3600

Power taken by motors =

=

C=

1000 80
= 224000
= 5856

3600 0.85
5856000
Total current taken =
= 1952
3000
Current / motor = 1952 / 4 = 488

--

N
N
N
Km/h/sec.

sec.

KW

Amp.
Amp.

W
W

F
K

5 3W

KW

K 4030
K

KLL

L K
W

EF

K
L

KE JF

--

OA W(0 to t1) K
K

ABW(t1 to t2) K
K

W(t2 to t3) K
BC

W(t3 to t4) K

CD
EF

EF W(t4 to t5) EF K
DE

E JF

--

L E JF

L E JF
K

L J

EFKEF

WL
K:(crest speed)

Z :(average speed)

:(schedule speed)

KL

KEHFLZ

--

L
L

E JF

WE JFK

L
LL a t1

b EF t3

S2 Vm W t2

KS1LVm
KS3 LL

{t2 = T - ( t1+ t3 )} t2 T

a =

Vm
t1

or

t1 =

Vm
a

and

S1 =

1
t1
Vm
2
3600

Km

b =

Vm
t3

or

t3 =

Vm
b

and

S3 =

1
t3
Vm
2
3600

Km

KSE JFOABC

--

S = area OABC
S = area OAD + area ABED + area BCE
S = S1 + S 2 + S 3
t
1
t
t
1
S = Vm 1 + Vm 2 + Vm 3
2
3600
3600 2
3600
t
1
t
V
1
S = Vm 1 + m [T (t 1 + t 3 )] + Vm 3
2
3600 3600
2
3600
t V
V t
1

= m 1 + T t 1 t 3 + 3 = m T ( t 1 + t 3 )
3600 2
2 3600
2

V 1 1
V
S = m T m +
2 a b
3600
1 1 1 a + b
Let K = + =
2 a b 2a b
V
or 3600 S = Vm (T K . Vm )
S = m (T K . Vm )
3600
K . Vm2 Vm . T + 3600 . S = 0
T
T 2 4 K 3600 S
Vm =
2 K
Taking the nagative sign only
T
T 2 4 K 3600 S
Vm =
2 K
1
Vm =
T
T 2 14400 K . S
2K

Km.
Km.

Km/h

Km/h
Km/h

2 L 36 W J
LL 1.8K25

KEFLL 3.6

L
S = area OABC

KK

--

Va = 36
a = 1 .8

b = 3 .6
distance between stops
average speed =
actual time of run
2
2
36 =
or T =
= 0 .0555 Hr = 0 .0555 3600 = 200
T
36
a + b
1 .8 + 3 .6
K=
= 0 .4167
=
2 . a . b 2 1 .8 3 .6
1
T T 2 14400 K S
Vm =
2.K
1
2
200 (200 ) 14400 0 .4167 2 = 39 .6
Vm =
2 0 .4167
distance between stops
Schedule speed =
actual time of run + stop time
2
=
= 32
( 200 + 25 ) / 3600
and

Km/h
Km/h/sec.

sec.

Km/h

Km/h

2.5L 40 W J
LL 2.2K 25

KEFLL 3.5

L
a = 2 . 2 Km / h / sec

Schedule

speed

KKK

and
b = 3 . 5 Km / h / sec .
distance
between
stops
=
actual time of run + stop time

2 .5
T + t
2 .5
T+t=
= 0 . 0626
40
T = 225 25 = 200
40 =

Hr = 0 . 0625 3600 = 225

sec.
sec.

--

a + b
2 .2 + 3 .5
=
= 0 . 37
2 .a .b
2 2 .2 3 .5
1
Vm =
T T 2 14400 K S
2.K
1
2
Vm =
200 (200 ) 14400 0 . 37 2 .5 = 49 . 3
2 0 .37
To draw the speed time curve , find :
V
49 .3
t1 = m =
= 22 .4
a
2 .2
49 .3
V
= 14 .1
t3 = m =
b
3 .5
t 2 = T ( t 1 + t 3 ) = 200 ( 22 .4 14 .1 ) = 163 . 5
distance between stops (Km)
average speed =
actual time of run (Hr)
2 .5
=
= 45
200 / 3600
K =

--

Km/h

sec.
sec.
sec.

Km/h

W K

K K

K K
K K
K K

W K

K K

K K

K K
K K

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKL K

K K

K K
K K

K K

KKKKKKKKKKKKKK K

K K

K K

K K
K K

KKKKKKL90 490 K
KLKKKKKKK

K 25 &50000 K
K 25&490000 K

--

K25&490 K

K324& 50 K

WL K
K K

K K

K K
K K

KKKKKKK K
K K

K K
K K
K K

K K

KKKKKKKKK K
K K

K K

K K
K K

--

W
W J
K W J
L W J
K W
W J
K

WW J
L 1.8 1 : 200 260W J

KL70L
50N/tK

K 15%

1: 100 250W J

3.2 KL 45 20

10% 40N/t92%
K K92

L 0.8 1:100 400 W J

KK0.25KL

K 10%60N/t

2 L 40 W J
LL1.8K 30

KEFLL 3.5

K K

--