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Lab5CellularRespirationbyKrisLayher

Lab5CellularRespiration
Introduction
Cellularrespirationistheprocedureofchangingthechemicalenergyoforganicmoleculesintoa
typethatcanbeusedbyorganisms.Glucosemaybeoxidizedcompletelyifanadequateamountof
oxygenispresent.
EquationForCellularRespiration
C6H12O6+6O2>6CO2+6H2O+energy
Carbondioxideisformedasoxygenisused.ThepressureduetoC02mightcanceloutanychange
duetotheconsumptionofoxygen.Togetridofthisproblem,achemicalwillbeaddedthatwill
selectivelytakeoutC02.Potassiumhydroxidewillchemicallyreactwithcarbondioxidebythe
followingequation:
C02+2KOH>K2CO3+H20
Arespirometeristhesystemusedtomeasurecellularrespiration.Pressurechangesinthe
respirometeraredirectlyrelativetoachangeintheamountofgasintherespirometer,aslongasthe
volumeandthetemperatureoftherespirometerdonotchange.Tojudgetheconsumptionofoxygen
intwodifferentrespirometersyoumustreachequilibriuminbothrespirometers.
Anumberofphysicallawsrelatingtogasesareimportanttotheunderstandingofhowthe
equipmentthatyouwilluseinthisexerciseworks.Thelawsaresummarizedingeneralgaslawthat
states:PV=nRTWhere:
Pthepressureofthegas
Vthevolumeofthegas
nthenumberofmoleculesofgas
Rthegasconstant
T=thetemperatureofthegas
Hypothesis
Inthisexperiment,therateofcellularrespirationinthegerminatingpeas,inbothwaterbaths,will
bemuchhigherthanthatofthebeadsandnongerminatingpeas.Thecoolertemperaturesinthe
otherwaterbathshouldcausetheratetobemuchslowerinallthreerespirometers.
Materials
AWaterbath,thermometer,maskingtape,washers,beads,germinatingpeas,nongerminatingpeas,
beakers,graduatedcylinder,ice,paper,andpencilareneededforthislab.
Methods
Begintheexperimentbysettinguptwowaterbaths,oneatroomtemperatureandtheotherat10
degreesCelsius.Next,findthevolumeofgerminatingpeas,nongerminatingpeasandbead,and
beadsalone.Repeatthesestepsforanothersetofpeasandbeads.Assemblethesixrespirometers,
placingenoughKOHpelletstocoverthebottomsoftherespirometers.Putnonabsorbentcotton
ballsineachrespirometerabovetheKOHpelletsandthenaddthepeasandbeads.Placeonesetof
respirometersintheroomtemperaturewaterbathandtheothersetintothe10degreewaterbath.
Slightlyelevatetherespirometers,supportingthemwithmaskingtape,for5minuteswhilethey
equilibrate.Thenlowertherespirometersintothewaterbathandtakeareadingat5,10,15,20,25,
and30minutetimeintervals.Recordthedataintothetable.
Data:
Questions
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1.Inthisactivity,youareinvestigatingboththeeffectofgerminationversusnongermination
andwarmtemperatureversuscoldtemperatureonrespirationrate.Germinatingpeasshould
consumemoreoxygenthannongerminatingpeas.Peasgerminatingatwarmtemperaturesshould
consumemoreoxygenthanpeasgerminatingatcoldtemperatures.
2.Thisactivityusesanumberofcontrols.Identifyatleastthreeofthecontrol,anddescribe
thepurposeofeachcontrol.
Waterbathsheldatconstanttemperature
VolumeofKOHistheequalineverytube
Equilibrationtimeisidenticalforallrespirometers
3.Graphtheresultsfromthecorrecteddifferencecolumnforthegerminatingpeasanddry
peasatbothroomtemperatureand10degreesCelsius.

4.Describeandexplaintherelationshipbetweentheamountofoxygenconsumedandtime.
Theamountofoxygenconsumedwasgreatestingerminatingpeasinwarmwater.Theoxygen
consumptionincreasedovertimeingerminatingpeas.
5.Completethefollowingtable:

6.Whyisitnecessarytocorrectthereadingsfromthepeaswiththereadingsfromthebeads?
Toshowtheactualrateatwhichcellularrespirationoccursinthepeas.Thebeadswerethecontrol
variable.
7.Explaintheeffectofgermination(versusnongermination)onpeasseedrespiration.
Germination,theseedsaregrowingandneedtorespiratetogrow.
8.Explaintheresultsshowninthesamplegraphinyourlabmanual.Asthetemperature
increased,enzymesdenaturedsogerminationwasinhibited.
9.WhatisthepurposeofKOHinthisexperiment?
KOHpelletsabsorbcarbondioxideandformaninsolubleprecipitate
10.Whydidthevialhavetobecompletelysealedaroundthestopper?
Thestopperatthetopofthevialhadtobecompletelysealedsothatnogascouldleakoutofthe
vialandsothatnowaterwouldbeabletoenterintothevial.
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11.Ifyouusedthesameexperimentaldesigntocomparetheratesofrespirationofa25g
reptileanda25gmammal,at100degreesCelsius,whatresultswouldyouexpect?Explain
yourreasoning.
Iwouldexpecttherespirationtobehigherinthemammalsincetheyarewarmblooded.
12.Ifrespirationinasmallmammalwerestudiedatbothroomtemperature21degrees
Celsiusand10degreesCelsius,whatresultswouldyoupredict?Explainyourreasoning.
Respirationwouldbehigherat21degreesbecausetheanimalwouldhavetokeephisbody
temperatureup.
13.Explainwhywatermovedintotherespirometerpipettes.
Whilethepeasunderwentcellularrespiration,theyconsumedoxygenandreleasedcarbondioxide.
ThecarbondioxidereactedwiththeKOHresultinginadecreaseinthevolumeofgasinthepipette
andthevial.Becausethepipettetipwasexposedtothewaterbath,watermovedintothepipette.
13.Designanexperimenttoexaminetheratesofcellularrespirationinpeasthathavebeen
germinatingfor0,24,48and72hours.Whatresultswouldyouexpect?Why?
SetupfourrespirometerswhichhaveoneofthefollowingSeedsthathavenotbeguntogerminate
SeedsthathavebeengerminatingforonedaySeedsthathavebeengerminatingfortwodays
Seedsthathavebeengerminatingforthreedays.Itisexpectedthattherewillbenooxygenusedby
theseedsthathavenotgerminatedyet.Theseedsthathadbeengerminatingforthreedayswould
consumethemostoxygen.

ErrorAnalysis:
Thesealsontherespiratorsmaynothavebeencompletelyairtight.TheuseofKOHpellets,
insteadofliquid,mayhavecausederrorsinthecarbondioxideabsorbed.Thetemperaturemay
havebeenslightlyoffinthewaterbaths.
Conclusion:
Oxygenconsumptionintherespirometerswithgerminatingpeaswasgreaterthanthatin
respirometerswithnongerminatingpeas.Respirationratewasalsoaffectedbytemperature.
Respirationoccurredatafasterrateintherespirometersinthewarmwaterbath.
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