DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Feneck, R. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors and The Cardiovascular System.

British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007; 7(6): 203-207.
2. Vincent, J.L. Hemodynamic Support of The Critically III Patient in
Anesthesiology. United States of America: McGraw-Hill Education, 2008.
3. Klabunde, R. E. Cardiovascular Pharmacology Concepts 2013;
http://www.cvpharmacology.com/vasodilator/PDEI, diakses tanggal 20 Agustus
2016.
4. Katzung, Bertram G dan Trevor, Anthony J. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology
13th Edition. United States: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.
5. Lobato E.B, Beaver T, Muehlschlegel J, Kirby D.S, Klodell C, Sidi A.
Treatment with phosphodiesterase inhibitors type III and V: Milrinone and
sildenafil is an effective combination during thromboxane-induced acute
pulmonary hipertension. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006; 96(3): 17-22.
6. Morgan dan Mikhails. Clinical Anesthesiology 5th Edition. United States of
America: McGraw-Hill Education, 2013.
7. Syarif, Amir. Farmakologi dan Terapi Ed. 5. Jakarta: Departemen Farmakologi
dan Terapeutik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2011.
8. Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. Penghambat Fosfodiesterase

2015;

http://pionas.pom.go.id/ioni/bab - 2 - sistem - kardiovaskuler - 0 / 21 - obat

-inotropik - positif / 212 - penghambat - fosfodiesterase, diakses tanggal 19
Agustus 2016.
9. Asif, M. Phosphodiesterase-III Inhibitors Amrinone and Milrinone on Epilepsy
and Cardiovascular Activities. North American Journal of Medical Sciences 2012;
9(2): 116-121.
10.

Anonim.

Milrinone

2016;

http://www.mims.com/malaysia/

drug/info/milrinone?mtype=generic, diakses tanggal 19 Agustus 2016.

11. Anonim. Milrinone FDA 2011; https://www.drugs.com/pro/milrinone.html,
diakses tanggal 20 Agustus 2016.
12. Smith A, Owen J, Borgman K, Fish F and Kannankeril P. Relation of
Milrinone After Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease to Significant
Postoperative Tachyarrhythmias. American Journal of Cardiology 2011; 108(11):
1620-1624.

19

13. Mathieu J, Romain P, Xavier M, and Jean L. Management of Myocardial

Dysfunction in Severe Sepsis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2011;32(2):206-214.
14.

Taj Pharmaceuticals Limited. Milrinone 2009; http://tajpharma.com/

milrinone-pharmaceuticals-cardiovascular-system.htm,

diakses

tanggal

Management

of

19

Agustus 2016.
15.

Jose

A,

Decompensated
Birmingham,

Tallaj,

and

Heart
USA

2003;

Robert

Failure.

C.
The

The

University

of

Acute

Alabama,

http://www.fac.org.ar/tcvc/llave/c038/bourge.htm,

diakses tanggal 20 Agustus 2016.

20