:

6102
i

ii

i.e.

i.e.

iii

i.e.

0551
6102

iv

ii
iii
v
1

1.1

0.6

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

6.0

6.6

6.1

6.1

01

6.1

11

6.2

11

6.3

12

6.4

12

6.5

13

6.01
v

14

6.00

15

6.06

17

1.0

18

1.6

20

1.1

21
21

10
1.6

22

1.1

23

1.1

25

1.1

62

1.2

27

1.3

28

1.0

28

1.6

11

2.0

35

2.6

36

2.1

37

2.1

40

2.1

40

2.2

44

3.0

44

3.6
vi

45

3.1

47

3.1

49
50

vii

Fundamental Definitions)
Engineering Drawing

Types of lines)

1.1

1.1

BS 308:1972)
0.7mm
0.3 mm

thick lines

/i

thin lines

ii

Visible outlines

1
i.e.

Hidden outlines

Dimension Line

fictitious outlines

(The Limits of Partial Views and Sections

thin continuous irregular line

Free hand sketch

Center Line

i.e.

(Cutting Planes Line)

3mm
1.3

3 H /i
H B ii
1.4

(Chisel-edged Pencils)

Conical-pointed pencils)

/ ii

Old smooth file ,or a glass paper block

1.5
3 H pencil 3 H

H B pencil H B

2
3

45o angle triangle 45o

set square 36o 66o

T-square )T

6
7

SI
eraser
French Curve

9
16

radius templates
protractor

11
12

. (Small ,medium and large sized compasses)

Cello tape
1

13

A3

14

A4

1.6

Lines and lettering

Upright

Sloping

(small letters

capital letter

ii

faint guide
lines
3 mm
3 mm

6.1 6.6 6.7

Drawing Scales

1.7

Standard drawing scales

1:1
1:2
1:5
1:16
2:1
5:1
16:1

Full size

half full size

ii

One-fifth full size

iii

One-tenth full size

/iv

Twice full size

Five times full size

vi

(Ten times full size

vii
1

Metric drawing paper sizes(mm)

1189 841

A0

841 594

A1

594 426

A2

426 297

A3

297 216

A4

216 148

A5

148
mm
2

165

A6

Title block

Geometrical constructions
1.1

To bisect a line

AB
R

AB
D C

AB

CB AB

/ii

iii

1.1

ABC
E

To bisect an angle

i
B

ii

iii

FB

iv

1.3

To find the center of an arc

B A
BC

i
AB

ii

iii
O

1.4

(To inscribe a circle in a triangle)

ABC
5

ii
O

iii
O

1.5

)To draw the circumscribing circle of a triangle

ABC

i
/ii

iii
O

01

1.6
To draw a regular hexagon given the distance across flats)

i
6

66

ii

1.7
(To draw a regular hexagon given the distance across corners

/i
366 666

ii

/iii

00

1.8
(To draw a regular octagon given the distance across flats)

i
456

ii

2.9
(To draw a regular octagon given the distance across corners)

06

/i
454

/ii
/iii
1.12

To draw a regular pentagon given the length of the side)

AB
D C

AB

/i
B A
CD

F E

AB

J H
K

AB
01

/ii
/iii

iv

CD

FG EG

J H

vi

/vii

AJKHB

2.11
)(To draw any regular polygon given the length of the side

i
/ii

AB
AB

45o

60o
01

/iii
4

AB

AB
5

/iv
5

AB
7

/v
7

AB
AB

A-7

vi
/vii

AB

1.11
(To find graphically the circumference of a circle)

01

i
/ii

D D
D

D D

DA

D D

3 2 1
iii
iv
v
vi

O
B

366

OB
.O D

BC
C3
C3

02

OD

Principles of Tangency

i
ii
ii
3.1
To draw an arc of a given radius to touch a given straight line)

AB
AB

i
C

AB

03

ii
T

3.1
)(To draw an arc of a given radius to touch a given arc externally
R

04

1
2

R
r

)R + r

05

3.3
)(To draw an arc of a given radius to touch a given arc internally
R
1

R
Rr

R1
R

61

Orthographic projection)
4.1

Orthographic projection of a point)

A

A
projection line)

A A

(Orthographic projection of a line)

60

4.1

4.3

)(Orthographic projection of a solid

66

4.4

First angle orthographic projection)

Elevation or vertical view)

plan view)

Ground line)

x y)
Folding line
61

i. e.

ii

iii

61

4.5

)Third angle orthographic projection

1

ii

iii
61

4.6
3

i
ii
iii

62

4.7
4
i
ii
iii

63

Dimensioning
Introduction

Dimensioning Techniques)

5.1

51
i

ii
iii

/iv
3mm
16mm

vi
/vii
5.1

64

5.1
viii
5.2

5.1
ix

65

5.2
xi

5.3

5.3

Dimensioning of small features

5.4

xii

11

5.4

)Dimensioning angles
5.5

xiii

5.5
xiv
R
5.6

5.6

Dimensioning radii
10

5.7

xv

i. e.

)Counter sink

5.7

)Counter sink
Counter bore

xvi
5.8

5.8
1

/i

E
16

/ii

iii

11

(Isometric Projection)
6.1

Definition of Isometric Projection

6.1

6.1
AEBO AOCD BOCF
OC
AD

CD CF

366
BF

OC

366

364
6.2
11

6.1
61

Isometric scale
6.3

6.3
11

y1
cos 45o

x
y1

cos 30o

x
(2)
y2

y2

(1)

x y2 cos 45o

0.8165
y1 x cos 30o

6.8165
63
(Objects composed entirely of isometric lines)

1
A

12

2
3
4

64
2

13

366

x
26.6mm

x = 46 tan 366

2
3

14

15

65
1
2
3
6.6

(Circles in isometric projection

Elliptical shape

(Circle construction by ordinates)

i
ii
y

iii
vi

11

6.4

6.4
1
)(Circle construction by circumscribing square method

/i
/ii
/iii

x,x

iv
v
vi

)x , x

10

6.5

6.5
3

Approximate circle construction)

i.e.

GH

E F

i
ABCD

ABCD

ii

AC

iii

D
J I

AC

iv
v

J I D B

16

vi

6.6

11

Oblique Parallel Projection

Introduction

7.1

71

Cavalier and Cabinet Projection)

71

receding axis)
12

34

cavalier projection
cabinet projection
11

7.1
73
)Positioning of the object relative to the projection plane

11

7.2

7.1
1

12

74
Drawing circles in oblique parallel projection

73
13

1216

14

1
1995

2
1995
1995

3
4
5
6
1976
7
8
2611
9
16
1985
11
15

1985
12
1985
01
6114
01

1. Alex

Krulikowski,

"Fundamentals

of

Geometric

Dimensioning

and

Tolerancing", May (2012).

2. Colin H. Simmons, "Manual of Engineering Drawing: Technical Product
Specification and Documentation to British and International Standards", June
(2012).
3. Colin H. Simmons, and et. al., "The Essential Guide to Technical Product
Specification: Engineering Drawing ", August (2009).
4. Francis D. K. Ching, "Architectural Graphics", December (2009).
5. John Montague, "Basic Perspective Drawing", December (2013).
6. Joseph Shigley, and et. al. , ''Mechanical Engineering Design'', Seventh
Edition, McGraw Hill company, (2004).
7. Koos Eissen, "Sketching", December (2014).

11

8. Maurice Arthur Parker, F. Pickup, "Engineering Drawing with Work Examples

1", Third Edition, Vol. 1, January (1976).
9. Michael R. Linderburg , ''Mechanical Engineering Reference

Manual'' ,

Twelfth Edition, Professional Publication, Inc., (2006).

10.N. D. Bhatt, " Engineering Drawing", (2012).
11.Sandra Rendgen, "Information Graphics", August (2012).
12.Terence Driscoll, "Technical Drawing for Today: Worked Examples, Book 3",
January (1981).

10