a Water from a tap emerges vertically downwards with an initial speed of 1.0 m/s. The cross-sectional area of tap is 10°* m?. Assume ‘that the pressure is constant throughout the stream of water and that the flow is steady, the cross-sectional area of stream 0.15 m below the tap is + (A) 5.0x 104 mn? 8) 10x 104 m? (© 5.0x 10% m? (D) 20x 10° m? «© u From conservation of ene may nS Vi = V2 4 2ch wa () [can also be found by applying Bernouill's theorem between 1 end 2| h From continuity equation ; | A ¥ Av Ave (S] ym 2 Ve Substituting value of Vp from equation (2) in equation (1) Ll (V2 = Vy? = 2h Ag Aay2 or AD ii Vv? 4 2qh Ay = AM VV + 2ah Substituting the given values Ay = {10-4 m?) (1.0 ms) y(1.0m4)* + 2 (10) (0.15) Ay =5.0x 107° m?L Forx>0, Jim ((sinx)'* + @/xy**) is ao @-1 ©1 2 sa. © mle 0+ EG) 1 (ang Hopi’ 66". Ife (¢ 1) bea cube root of unity and (1 + @?)*= (1 + of, then the least positive value of mis (Az (3 ©5 os Ans. @)(+0}=( to C0)'=(-o0'f 3 @f=130=3 1. if is an imaginary cube root of unity, then (1+ © - 07)? equals : (A) 1280 (B)-128@ (C)128 0? (D) -128 «?. 1. 40-027 = 07-077 =(-2027 <9! 2? =-128-0!* =- 1280" 365 is equal to: . 334 1. Wi=sFT, thend +5 8) ee -st 2 os 2 (A)1 -iv3 B) -143 (Qi (D) -iv31. | Imp. note ; [fina complex no. a + ib, the ratio a : bis 1: V3 then always try to convert that complex no. ino. 1 8, Here o = 5435 394 Therefore, 4 + (4 de 48) +3 (- = 4 + 50594 5 3365 = 445.03) 9 43-49) !3 9? =4+50 +30? # oF sl =143420 +30 +307 =1+204+3(1+0 +07)=1+20+3%0 1+a+a? =0 + 1+ V3) = V3i Therefore, (C) is the answer. 3. Which of the following is NOT true for complex number Z, and Z.? 2g; @) +24] [2 +a] (021s +2) (0) B+2f ole -2F =2ef +2eF Answer: (C)y()=1, 34, Thesolution of *¥ 42% .i7ye dx dx = 0 in the range Oxx Ao mun) 527.2 x 10° x 0.002) + (8 x 4)] — [500 x 10° x 0.001) + (8x 8)] 1054.4 +32 — 500-64 4N onFirst, we must examine the Bulk Modulus (K) and the derivation of the acoustic velocity in an clastic fluid op » 24 BULK MODULUS) Balk modulus is defined as follows. < — Chang in pressure _ V/ ‘Volumetsic stin Al ‘V is volume and p is pressure. The following work shows, hhow this may be changed tothe form K = pdp/dp Fig Consider a volume V; that is compressed to volume V2 by a small increase in pressure Sp. The seduction in volume is 5V. The initial density isp and this increases by 8p ‘The mass of SV is bm = pSV a ‘The initial mass of Va is mp =p V2 Q) ‘The final mass of V2is m= (P+ 6p) Va) ‘The increase in mass is duc to the mass of 6V being compressed into the volume V2 Hence (1) = (3)-@) (2 * 5p) Vo- pV = p Vo" 6p Va- pt 3p (Vir BV) = Vidp dp 8V ‘The product of two small quantities (8p 8V) is infinitesimally smal so it may be ignored. a_i Ye ‘substitutethis into the formula for K Jn the limit as SV —> 0, we may revert to calculus notation, Hease K=papidp Consider the decay process +” > x” +v, in the rest frame of the +. The masses of the 1,2” and v, at M., My and 2er0 respectively. A. The energy of =" is (oy Wea ME iy Me @ fieine 2MAns: (b) Solution: Toms, From conservation of energy M,c? =E, +E,. E2 =p’c? + M2c* and E? = p’c* since momentum of 77 and v, is same. Myc Me (Me 2) ae My’ =E,+E,, M,'c*=E2-E; >E,-E, : 5M aad oben SE B. The velocity of 7 is ea _uik be esa Mee Saat wy Me or Ans: (2) Solution: Velocity of x7 litem ae! fe = - Me) ; (M? +Mz) Pe vi +Mi42M?M? —4M2M? BME MEM IMG — AMM, (meng) & (a4; +242) QS. A constant forve F is applied to a relativistic particle of rest mass m, If the particle starts ‘from rest at = 0. its speed after a time tis (@ Film wen) — @di-e") ans: @ op Solution: 2? =p > p=Ft+e at ALHO,p-0 soc-0=>p=Ft>QI6. Two events separated by a (spatial) distance 9 x 10%m, are simultaneous in one inertial frame.The time interval between these two events in a frame moving with a constant speed 0.8 ¢ (where the speed of light ¢ = 3 10° mys) is @ 60s (40s (© 20s @os Aus: () Solution: x —x] = 910m and f 21. What is proper time interval between the occurrence of two events if in one inertial frame events are separated by 7.5 «10%m and occur 6.5 s a part? (6.505 (0) 6.005 ©5755 5.008 Ans: There is not possible to calculate proper time interval Solution: x, x, =7.510%m and t, = é In this problem v is not given so its not possible to caleulate proper time interval. 65s.ws. ‘The muon has mass 105 MeV/c? and mean life time 2.2 ps in its rest frame. The mean distance traversed by amon of energy 315 MeV before decaying i approximately (310m) @22em (66 ym @ 198i @ 29. ‘The area of a disc in its rest frame S is equal to 1 (in some units). The dise will appear distorted to an observer O moving with a speedu with respect to S along the plane of the disc. The area of the disc measured in the rest frame of the observer O is (cis the speed of light in vacuum) @ ( : \ Ans: (@) Solution: Area of disc from $ frame is 1 i.e. wa? =1or za Area of disc from $" frame is z4-b = za-ay)i—" e Pre where b=a,Qu. Q42. The recently-discovered Higgs boson at the LHC experiment has a decay mode into a photon and a Z boson, Ifthe rest masses of the Higgs and Z boson are 125 GeVe? and 9 GeVie* respectively, and the decaying Higgs particle is at rest, the energy of the photon will approximately be @sev Hse ©3060" @ scr Ans: (©) Solution: Hy > Py Zy ‘From conservation of momentum 0: Now £y, = By +E, > Ey +E = Mae Eh -Re so and £3 Re act Fe By) Mic Mie ee According to the special theory of relativity, the speed v ofa free particle of mass m and total energy E is: me* 2E() | me? @ v=o v= Pe-22) me?) me” oveap-(%] ovadi-e|Q1. For the set of all Lorentz transformations with velocities along the x-axis consider the two statements given below: P: IEZ is a Lorentz transformation then, Z7 is also a Lorentz transformation. Q If Z; and Zp are Lorentz transformations then, £4) is necessarily a Lorentz transformation. Choose the comect option (A) P istme and Q is false (B) Both P and Q are true (©)Both P and Q are false () Pis false and Qis tue Ans: (b) Q3. A x” meson at rest decays into two photons, which move along the x-axis, They are both detected simultaneously after a time, ¢ = 10s, In an inertial frame moving with a velocity V= 0.6c in the direction of one of the photons, the time interval between the two detections is (iss @)os ©i0s @)20s Ams: (a) 10*2=20see t, Q9. Two particles each of rest mass m collide head-on and stick together. Before collision, the speed of each mass was 0.6 times the speed of light in fee space. The mass of the final entity is (A) Sm/4 (B)2m (© sm/2 D)25m/8 Ans: (©) From conservation of energy Since v= 0.6c => m, =Sm/2Q12. A rod of proper length /p oriented parallel to the x-axis moves with speed 2e/3 along the x-axis in the S-frame, where c is the speed of the light in free space. The observer is also moving along the x-axis with speed e/2 with respeet to the S-frame. The length of the rod as measured by the observer is (a) 0.35Ip (0) 0.48Ip (© 0.87ly (0.97lp Ans: (a) we Q17. An electron is moving with a velocity of 0.85¢ in the same direction as that of a ‘moving photon, The relative velocity of the electron with respect to photon is @e @-c © ose (@ -o1s0 Ans: (b) QU9. The relativistic form of Newton’s second law of motion is @F