Learning Goals for EXAM 1

Corresponding Reading Assignments:

Chapter 1 (all)
Chapter 2 (all)
Chapter 3 (all except 3.12)
Chapter 4 (4.1 4.3)
Before EXAM 1, you should be VERY CONFIDENT in your ability to

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rearrange algebraic expressions.

write values in correct scientific notation.
determine the number of significant figures (estimated uncertainty) in any numerical value.
determine the number of significant figures (estimate uncertainty) on a balance or marked glassware
(buret, graduated cylinder, beaker).
calculate new quantities to the correct significant figures after a combination of both
addition/subtraction and multiplication/division steps.
use dimensional analysis to arrive at the correct units in a lengthy calculation, if given the conversion
factors.
list (from memory) the SI base units for length, mass, time and temperature.
calculate volume and density from SI base units.
convert between any of the common metric prefixes from memory (factors of 1000 from p, pico up to G,
Giga).
convert between Celcius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit temperature values.
determine the accuracy of a measurement.
compare the precision of various measurements or sets of measurements.
write a clear and useful hypothesis or prediction statement.
define intensive and extensive properties, and give examples of each.
distinguish and explain the differences between the three main states of matter:
solid, liquid, gas.
define mixture, pure substance, element, compound, heterogeneous, and
homogeneous.
differentiate between mixtures and pure substances; elements and compounds;
and heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
explain how compounds, e.g. NaCl, are different from the elements, e.g. Na and
Cl2, from which they are composed.
identify elements as atomic or molecular.
calculate the molar mass (molecular weight) for an ionic or covalent compound.
convert between mass, moles, and molecules of a compound based on its formula.
count the atoms in a molecular or structural formula.
determine whether a substance has ionic, covalent, or metallic bonds based only
on the types of atoms present.
determine if a covalent bond is polar or non-polar based on the electronegativity of
each atom.
explain how covalent compounds tend to exist as discrete (individual) molecules
held together by intermolecular forces.
explain how ionic compounds consist of a repeating pattern of ionic bonds and not
discrete molecules.
distinguish between physical and chemical changes in at the molecular level.
explain that bonds are made of matter (electron density).

o interpret atomic/molecular level diagrams of ionic, covalent, and metallic

substances.
o describe how the electron cloud is different in a non-polar covalent, polar covalent,
or ionic bond.
o describe the differences between intramolecular bonds and intermolecular forces
(between two separate molecules).
o explain the atomic-level changes in bonding during a physical or chemical process.
o explain how ions are formed from elements.
o determine the number of electrons gained or lost to form an anion or cation.
o identify the charges formed by the common ions (Groups I, II and VII)
o write formulas for binary ionic compounds based on the charges of commonly
formed ions.
o name binary molecular (covalent) and ionic compounds.
o write molecular formulas from names of binary molecular (covalent) and ionic
compounds.
o write names and formulas for common binary acids and oxoacids.
o balance chemical equations according to the Law of Conservation of Mass.
o convert between empirical and molecular formula.
o calculate mass percent of any element from a chemical formula.
o use mass percent as a conversion factor.
o balance chemical equations with up to three reactants and three products.
o predict the products of a combustion reaction.
o determine an empirical formula from combustion analysis data.
o convert between moles of reactants and moles of products.
o convert between mass of reactants and mass of products.
o identify and calculate the amount of limiting or excess reactant.
o calculate the theoretical yield and percent yield for a given reaction.