‘must, have to, should (obligation) obligation / necessity: have fo/ must (+ infinitive) no obligation / necessity: don't have to You have to wear a seatbelt in a ear Do you have to work on Saturdays? had to wear a uniform at my primary school Pave to get up early tomorrow. My interview ie at 9.00. Tmust remember to phone Emily tonight ~ it’ her birthday. You must he on time for lass tomorrow ~ there's a test “Mustand have to have a very similar meaning. ‘Have ws more common for, ‘external for example rules and laws. it ao “Mustis more common for specific (ie. on one occasion) cor personal obligations. Compare have 19 wear a shirt and te at work It's the rule in this company). ‘Tnust buy new shirt this ome is too old now (I's my oven decision), ‘lave tos a normal verb and it exists in all tenses. ‘Mies a modal verb, The only forms are miustand muster. You can also use have t ot mie for strong recommersdations, eg You have to / must ee that fils ~ it’ jantastc. You don't have to pay for the tickets. They're free You don't have to go to the party ifyou don't want to, prohibition: smusctn't (+ infinitive) ‘You mustn't eat that cake ~ it's for the party. ‘You mustn't touch that. It's dangerous. + Don't have to and mustn't are completely different, Compare: You musin't drive along this street. = Is prohibited, the law. don't have to drave— we can get a train. = You can drive if you waiit io but it’s wot necessary / obligatory. + You can often use cantor not allowed to instead of must You must’t park here. You can't pack here You're not allesved to park here A. Have got to's often used instead of have to in spoken. English, eg. Pv go t go now I's very late, advice or opinion: should/ shouldn't (+ infinitive) ‘You should take warm clothes with you to Dublin. It might be cold at night. 1 think the government should do something about unemployment. rcle the correct form. You shouldn't musta’? drink that water. Irs not sae. We muotn's/ don't huve tw ueay. We have pleuty of tine. ‘You must/ should remember to write the report. The boss will be furious if you forge The exhibition was free so hadn't to didn’t have to pay. Do you have 19 / Should you wear a uniform at your school? We must had to wait two hours at security and nearly missed our fight. Had you 10 Did you have to do a lot of homework when you ‘were at school? | think people who live in flats mustn't shouddt't have dogs. ‘She's allergic to dairy products so she mustn't! doesn't have to feat anything made fom mile + Should is not as strong as must / have ta. We use il to say if we think ‘something is the right or wrong thing to do. + Should is a modal verb. The only forms are should and shout’ + You can also use ought ! You should take an undrella wat You. You cuit to take a wnrella with jou toand ought riot toinstead of should / shouldn't. b Complete the second sentence with two or three ‘words so it means the same as the first. Smoking is prohihited here. You musti't stoke here 1 It isn'ta good idea to go swimming after a big meal. You —___ swimming alter big meal 2 Was it necessary for them to pay cash? Did pay cash? 3 The mocting isnt obligatory. You — g0 to the meeting, 4 Is bad manners to talk loudly on a mobile on e train. People — quietly on their mobile ona train. 5 Lotries are not allowed to go on this road. Lornes —— on this road