Research Project Ver Eng

Philippine International School Qatar
S.Y. 2015 - 2016
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGLISH,

RESEARCH, AND SCIENCE
Arvin Clyde D. Crisme

Lawrence Andrei R. Sanchez
Jazmin Rozelle C. Erice
Ma. Ellyza Andrea J. Ona
Chaellie Angelie D. Miranda
Shanley Carmela Mikaela R. Sandoval
Mr. Jojo L. Calague

Mrs. Judileine E. Dabin
Ms. Excelsis Gay L. Tabelisma
March, 2016
The Level of Vulnerability of Male High

School Students towards Illegal Drugs: Its
Factors and Solutions
This paper presents the level of vulnerability of male high school students to illegal drugs
together with the factors that contribute to it and its possible solutions. The goal of this
research is to identify the factors of drug addiction of male high school students and to
eventually give awareness and as well as solutions to help the male high school students
know how to prevent illegal drug use. The researchers conducted a descriptive-analytical type
of research where they used a survey questionnaire to ask the opinions and perspective views
of medical professionals and as well as a number of male high school students themselves.
The data the researchers collected was analyzed thoroughly and showed that according to the
viewpoint of some medical practitioners and male high school students, curiosity, peer
pressure and lack of attention contribute as factors of vulnerability of male high school
students to illegal drugs. It is important to identify these factors in order to come up with
possible solutions to prevent proneness to illegal drug use by male high school students.
APPROVAL SHEET
This research paper entitled, THE LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ILLEGAL DRUGS: ITS FACTORS AND SOLUTIONS,
prepared and submitted by Jazmin Rozelle C. Erice, Chaellie Angelie D. Miranda, Ma. Ellyza
Andrea J. Ona, Shanley Carmela Mikaela R. Sandoval, Arvin Clyde D. Crisme, and
Lawrence Andrei R. Sanchez, in partial fulfillment of the requirements in English, Science,
Research, and Filipino, has been examined and is recommended for approval and acceptance
by:
_______________________________
Mr. Jason A. Iyas
School Principal
_______________________________
Mrs. Bernadeth T. Macatangay
High School Level Head
_______________________________
Mr. Daniel Dapis
Research Adviser
The researchers were guided by the following teachers, and accept the research paper in
partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research, English, Science, and Filipino:
______________________________
Ms. Excelsis Gay L. Tabelisma
English Teacher
______________________________
Mrs. Judileine E. Dabin
Science Teacher
______________________________
Mr. Jojo L. Calague
Research Teacher
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Sincere gratitude is extended to the following persons and establishments who have
helped, in any way, to complete this research paper:
Ms. Excelsis Gay L. Tabelisma, Ms. Judileine E. Dabin, Mr. Daniel A. Paduit, and
Mr. Jojo L. Calague, for their guidance and untiring patience in supervising the making of the
research paper and its many other components.
Mr. Dave B. Buragay, for guiding us in choosing the title for the research paper, and
ultimately changing it to better suit the general scope of the research.
The medical professionals who were the respondents of the research, who have taken
their time to properly answer and help us in getting relevant data, and, therefore, accurate and
timely results for the research paper.
For the unwavering moral, emotional, and financial support of family and friends.
And, most especially, the Almighty God for the divine intervention in this academic
endeavor.
DEDICATION
The researchers would like to dedicate this research paper to the following:
The researchers alma mater, Philippine International School-Qatar and to their fellow
Einstein classmates, for their never-ending moral support as the researchers complete their
final project for the school year.
They would also like to dedicate this to their schoolmates, most especially the high
school department for participating in the conduct of this research. Their cooperation in
participating is highly appreciated.
They would like to dedicate this to their families for their support; to their subject
teachers, Ms. Excelsis Tabelisma, Mr. Daniel Paduit, Mrs. Judileine Dabin; their research
teachers, Mr. Jojo Calague and Mr. Dave Buragay; their class adviser Ma'am Trina Cabaliza;
and research adviser Mr. Daniel Dapis.
Above all, we dedicate this to the almighty God, who guided the researchers and gave
them the strength they needed to finish the study.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sheet of Approval
Acknowledgement
Dedication
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitation
10
Definition of Terms
10
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
12
Research Paradigm
14
Conceptual Framework
15
CHAPTER 3
Research Design
16
Sampling Technique
16
Respondents
16
Research Instruments
17
Statistical Treatment of Data
17
CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data
Medical Practitioners/Professionals
19
19
o Perception of Medical Professionals Regarding the Illegal Drug Use of Male

High school Students
19
o Ranking of The Causes of Illegal Drug Use Among Male High School
Students as Perceived by Medical Practitioners
29
o Ranking of Solutions to Illegal Drug Use Among Male High School Students
as Perceived by Medical Practitioners
31
o Level of Vulnerability of Male High School Students to Illegal Drug Use as

Perceived by Medical Practitioners
Male High School Students
32
33
o Perception of Male High School Students Regarding the Illegal Drug Use of
Male High school Students
33
o Ranking of The Causes of Illegal Drug Use Among Male High School
Students as Perceived by Male High School Students
42
o Ranking of Solutions to Illegal Drug Use Among Male High School Students
as Perceived by Male High School Students
43
o Level of Vulnerability of Male High School Students to Illegal Drug Use as

Perceived by Male High School Students
Comparison
44
45
o Comparison Between the Perception of Medical Practitioners and Male High

School Students of Philippine International School-Qatar to Illegal Drug Use
of Male High School Students
45
o Comparison Between the Ranking of Causes of Illegal Drug Use Among Male
High School Students as Perceived by Male High School Students of
Philippine International School-Qatar and by Medical Practitioners
48
o Comparison Between the Ranking of Solutions to Illegal Drug Use Among

Male High School Students as Perceived by Male High School Students of
Philippine International School-Qatar and by Medical Practitioners
49
o Comparison Between the Level of Vulnerability of Male High School

Students to Illegal Drug Use as Perceived by Medical Professionals and Male
High School Students of Philippine International School-Qatar
50
CHAPTER 5
Summary
51
Findings
52
Recommendation
53
Bibliography
55
Appendices
57
Appendix I: Survey Questionnaires
57
Appendix II: Calculations to Get the Male High School Respondents
64
Appendix III: Letters
64
Curriculum Vitae
67
10
Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Background
INTRODUCTION
The usage of drugs is rampant in many countries. Some are used for medical
purposes, and some are just for recreational purposes. This includes drugs that dont come
with a doctors prescription and those that are illegal. Men, even at a young age, can be
exposed to illegal drugs. Drug use is rampant not only in adults but also in teenagers, who are
more prone to influence, not just because of the people that surround them, but also because
of the media and the internet. People in this age tend to become curious about several things
they havent experienced and may be easily persuaded or be negatively influenced by people
they are with and the environment they are in. Emotional instability and other internal factors
such as depression and severe stress may also lead these high school students to resort to
drugs. This research was intended to study the level of vulnerability of male high school
students to illegal drugs, its factors and solutions.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study determined the factors and the solutions of illegal drug use of male high school
students. This research also determined and answered the following questions:
1. What are the common factors leading male high school students to illegal drug use?
2. What are the preventive measures to stop male high school students from engaging in
illegal drug use?
11
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study helped the readers understand the level of vulnerability of male high
school students towards the intake of illegal drugs. It also helped determine the factors of
their drug use. The researchers clearly stated the possible causes of drug use of male high
school students and the relation of many factors such as depression, stress, influence from
family members and others. Appropriate solutions regarding situations that may cause illegal
drug use and prevention of the usage of illegal drugs were proposed and given emphasis to
educate and give awareness to the youth.
Other individuals may also benefit from this research, such as:
Researchers who will conduct further research will benefit from the study as it may
be the foundation for following and further research into the topic.
Students will be aware of the dangers of drugs, especially those in secondary and
tertiary education.
The study can help family and family members know if male members of the family
are exhibiting symptoms of drug addiction and help fellow members cope with drug
addiction and any mental illness that may come as a side effect.
Lastly, medical professionals and practitioners, such as psychologists, therapists, and
counsellors, who are always exposed to drug addicts, alcoholics, and people afflicted with
depression, will benefit from this study.
12
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The study determined the level of vulnerability of male high school students to the
usage of illegal drugs, its factors and solutions. It covered how susceptible male high school
students ranging from ages 13-17 are to illegal drug use through the help of professionals
from different medical establishments.
This research was limited to a number of 60 respondents from different medical

establishments such as Atlas Medical Center, Al Esraa Polyclinic, Qatar Petroleum Medical
Center, and Al Safa Polyclinic, as well as 60 male high school students from Philippine
International School-Qatar. This was due to limitations such as transportation problems, time
constraints, lack of resources, and limited access to professionals in the field of medicine in
Philippine International School-Qatar. The study covered only the level of vulnerability of
male high school students aged 13-17 in Qatar.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following terms were used throughout the research. These following terms were defined
operationally. The terms defined are as follows:
Abuse - The improper use of something; a general term applied to the misuse of a drug. It
can also mean using drugs in forms and styles that are illegal; using drugs without
appropriate or adequate supervision; or using drugs to the point where the taker loses control
of his behavior. Generally, abuse is the use of a substance in a way that both mental and
physical health may be impaired.
13
Addiction - physically dependent on a particular substance; dependent on a drug as a habit.

In 1957, the World Health Organizations Expert Committee on Addiction-Producing Drugs
define addiction as: a state of periodic or chronic intoxication, detrimental to the individual
and society, produced by the repeated consumption of a drug (natural or synthetic). Its
characteristics include: (1) an overpowering desire or need(compulsion) to continue taking
the drug and to obtain it by any means; (2) a tendency to increase the dose; (3) a psychic
(psychological) and generally a physical dependence on the effects of a drug.
Depression - Depression is a mood or state of despondency which, in normal individuals, is

characterized by feelings of inadequacy, pessimism, (particularly about the future) and
lowered activity. In pathological cases, depression is an extreme state of unresponsiveness to
stimuli, along with feelings of hopelessness, delusions of inadequacy, and self-depreciation.
Illicit Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
Peer Pressure - The strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that
group to behave as everyone else does.
Self-Control The ability to control oneself, in particular ones emotions and desires,
especially in difficult situations.
Vulnerability The quality of being easily hurt or attacked; the inability to withstand the
effects of a hostile environment.
14
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
According to Normand Holland and Michael Patrick Adams in their book, Core
Concepts in Pharmacology (Second Edition), addiction is an overwhelming feeling that
drives someone to use a drug repeatedly, despite serious health and social consequences, and
that addiction depends on multiple, complex, interacting variables. These variables focus on
the following categories: (1) Agent or drug of abuse Cost, availability, dose, method of
administration (e.g., oral, IV, inhalation), speed of onset/end of effect and length of drug use;
(2) User factors Genetic factors (e.g., genetic enzymes, natural tolerance), tendency toward
risk-taking behavior, prior experiences with drugs, disease that may require a scheduled drug;
(3) Environment Social/community norms (normal behavior accepted within a community),
role models, peer influences, educational opportunities. [1]
Currently, the two leading data sources on substance abuse National Household
Survey (NHSDA) and the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study report a greater occurrence
of illicit substance use among males than among female. According to the 1997 NHSDA
survey, men reported a higher rate of illicit substance abuse than women, 8.5% to 4.5%. Men
report higher rates of cocaine use (0.9% versus 0.5%), alcohol use (23% versus 8%), and
heavy drinking (8.7% versus 2.1%). The same pattern was observed in marijuana use by the
Office of Applied Studies (OAS). Males also use all illicit drugs at a higher frequency and in
larger amounts than females. [8]
According to the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia

University in their report entitled, Adolescent Substance Abuse: Americas #1 Public Health

15
Problem, "Teen users are at significantly higher risk of developing an addictive disorder
compared to adults, and the earlier they began using, the higher their risk. Nine out of 10
people who meet the clinical criteria for substance use disorders involving nicotine, alcohol
or other drugs began smoking, drinking or using other drugs before they turned 18. People
who begin using any addictive substance before age 15 are six and a half times as likely to
develop a substance use disorder as those who delay use until age 21 or older (28.1% vs.
4.3%)." [2]
According to Johnston, OMalley, Bachman, and Schulenberg (2013) in their study

Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview Key Findings,
People are most likely to begin abusing drugsincluding tobacco, alcohol, and illegal and
prescription drugsduring adolescence and young adulthood. By the time they are seniors,
almost 70% of high school students will have tried alcohol, half will have taken an illegal
drug, nearly 40% will have smoked a cigarette, and more than 20% will have used a
prescription drug for a nonmedical purpose. [] Adolescents are biologically wired to seek
new experiences and take risks, as well as to carve out their own identity. Trying drugs may
fulfill all of these normal developmental drives, but in an unhealthy way that can have very
serious long-term consequences. [6]
Teenagers are also more susceptible to drug abuse when they are exposed at a
younger age, as said by Steinburg, L. in his book You and Your Adolescent: The Essential
Guide for Ages 10 to 25, quoting: The teen brain is a work in progress, making it more
vulnerable than the mature brain to the physical effects of drugs. The potential for developing
substance abuse and dependence is substantially greater when an individuals first exposure
to alcohol, nicotine and illicit drugs occurs during adolescence than in adulthood. [10]
16
People who are afflicted with anxiety tend to use drugs as a means of escape. As
stated by Normand Holland and Michael Patrick Adams from the second edition of Core
Concepts of Pharmacology In most types of stress, anxiolytics, or drugs having the ability to
relieve anxiety, are quite effective. These include medications in a number of therapeutic
categories, including drugs for seizures, depression, and cardiovascular disorders [1]
Anderson (1996) found that rigid expectations of conformity to masculine and

feminine identities in early adolescence was associated with increased risk of developing
drug-related identities. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology reported that men are more
likely to externalize emotions, which leads to behavior that is aggressive, impulsive,
noncompliant and coercive. [4]
RESEARCH PARADIGM
The research paradigm, which is the roadmap of the study, showed the input or the
questions the researchers needed to answer, the process on how the researchers did the study
to gather data, and the output which will show the results as shown below:
This
INPUT
research aimed
to
determine:
How
PROCESS
Surveyquestionnaires
male
high
distributed
school students are
medical
prone to illegal drugs
professionals
The
male
causes
of
high
17
are
OUTPUT
Proposed preventive
measures
to
against
drug use of male

high school students
and
school
Factors that affect

the vulnerability of
vulnerability of male
students.
male
high
high school students
students
to drug addiction
drugs
Causes
18
to
illegal
of
drug
addiction
among
male
school
high
students
school
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The Level of Vulnerability of Male

High School Students towards
Illegal Drugs: Its Factors and
Solutions
Factors
Solutions
Peer Pressure
Curiosity
Self-control
Acceptance of
oneself
Lack of attention
Ignorance
Proper guidance &

attention
Encourage students
to join extracurricular activities
Rebellion
To cope with
stress/mental
illnesses
Give awareness and

educate students
Influence of a family
member
Academic problems
Strained/Broken
relationships
The conceptual framework showed the factors and solutions toward illegal drug use
which were given by the researchers. The factors that the researchers had given were peer
pressure, curiosity, lack of attention, ignorance, rebellion, to cope with stress/mental
illnesses, influence of a family member, academic problems and strained/broken
19
relationships. The researchers had also given solutions toward illegal drug usage which
include self-control, acceptance of one's self, proper guidance and attention, encouraging
students to join extracurricular activities and giving awareness and education students about
illegal drugs. This study showed which of the following factors was the main cause for drug
addiction and which was the best solution to solve and prevent it.
20
Chapter 3
Methodology
RESEARCH DESIGN
The study was conducted using the descriptive-analytic research design. The study
described the research of the topic using resources from books, articles and other related
research papers and studies. The study also illustrated and analyzed the level of vulnerability
of male high school students towards illegal drugs, its factors and solutions.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
The research team used the convenience sampling method to gather the respondents
involved in the medical field. For the male high school students, the researchers used
stratified random sampling, cluster random sampling, and simple random sampling methods.
The sample population is derived from the total population of high school students, and 30%
of the total population was obtained to ensure its validity.
RESPONDENTS
The respondents were medical practitioners and other professionals of Atlas Medical
Center, Al Esraa Polyclinic, Qatar Petroleum Medical Center, and Al Safa Polyclinic as well
as male high school students in Philippine International School in Qatar. 60 respondents were
from medical establishments and another 60 respondents were from the male high school
students of Philippine International School-Qatar which gives a total of 120 respondents. The
researchers gave survey questionnaires to the respondents from each medical establishment.
21
However, the respondents were not limited to the professionals in these establishments.
School staff of Philippine International School-Qatar such as nurses and guidance counsellors
were also the studys respondents.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
The instruments used to conduct the study were survey questionnaires to interpret the
data needed in the study. The survey questionnaires were aimed to collect the data relevant to
the level of vulnerability of male high school students to illegal drugs, its factors and
solutions. The questions were answered by medical professionals of Atlas Medical Center, Al
Esraa Polyclinic, Qatar Petroleum Medical Center, Al Safa Polyclinic and school staff, as
well as male high school students from Philippine International School Qatar.
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

In order to organize and interpret the data gathered from the survey questionnaires,
the researchers tallied the data using the mean statistic and percentage to calculate the
dominant answers and its average per question.
22
Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF
DATA
In this chapter, the data collected through the survey questionnaires given to medical
practitioners and other professionals of Atlas Medical Center, Al Esraa Polyclinic, Qatar
Petroleum Medical Center, and Al Safa Polyclinic, Philippine International School Qatar
school staff, and other professionals in the field of medicine from other establishments
regarding the level of vulnerability of male high school students to illegal drugs are presented
and interpreted. The data collected from the male high school students of Philippine
International School-Qatar will also be presented.
Below were the results of the survey the researchers conducted among the studys 60
respondents:
MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS REGARDING THE DRUG USE OF
MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
QUESTION
AGR
PERCENT
DISAGR
PERCENT
TOT
EE
AGE
EE
AGE
AL
52
86.67%
13.33%
60
TOTAL
PERCENT
AGE
1. Male
high
school
students
23
100%
are
vulnerabl
e to the
usage of
illegal
drugs
2. Male
high
school
students
56
93.33%
6.67%
60
100.00%
50
83.33%
10
16.67%
60
100%
26
43.33%
34
56.67%
60
100.00%
are prone
to peer
pressure
3. Peer
pressure
is a
cause of
drug use
by male
high
school
students
4. Male
high
school
students
use drugs
as selfmedicati
on in
order to
cope
with
24
stress
5. Male
high
school
students
use drugs
as selfmedicati
on in
order to
31
51.67%
29
48.33%
60
100.00%
53
88.33%
11.67%
60
100.00%
56
93.33%
6.67%
60
100.00%
cope
with
mental
illness/s
(anxiety,
depressio
n, PTSD,
etc.)
6. Ignoranc
e and/or
misinfor
mation
may be a
cause of
why
male
high
school
students
resort to
drugs
7. Lack of
attention/
25
guidance
by
parents/g
uardians
may be a
cause of
why
male
high
school
students
resort to
drugs
8. Male
high
school
students
take
drugs in
28
46.67%
32
53.33%
60
100.00%
54
90.00%
10.00%
60
100%
59
98.33%
1.67%
60
100.00%
order to
fit in (at
school,
at home,
etc.)
9. Rebellio
n is a
cause of
inclinatio
n to
drugs
10. Male
high
school
26
students
may take
drugs
because
of
curiosity
11. Male
high
school
students
take
drugs in
41
68.33%
19
31.67%
60
100%
52
86.67%
13.33%
60
100%
order to
look and
feel
grownup
12. Male
high
school
students
whose
parents
or a
close
family
member
take
drugs
may also
be
vulnerabl
e to drug
27
use
13. Male
high
school
students
take
drugs
45
75%
15
25.00%
60
100.00%
because
too much
freedom
is given
to them
Table 4.1 - Tally of Survey
This table summarized the results of the survey conducted among the 60 respondents which
consisted of professionals and practitioners in the medical field.
Question 1
Male high school students are vulnerable to the usage of illegal drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
54
PERCENTAGE
86.67%
13.33%
Table 4.2
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 54 agreed that male high school students are
vulnerable to the usage of illegal drugs. This number amounted to 86.67% of the total
respondents. On the other hand, 9 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 13.33%.
Question 2
Male high school students are prone to peer pressure
FREQUENCY
AGREE
DISAGREE
56
28
PERCENTAGE
93.33%
6.67%
Table 4.3
prone to peer pressure. This number amounted to 93.33% of the total respondents. On the
other hand, 4 disagreed, which amounted to 6.67% of the total respondents.
Question 3
Peer pressure is a cause of drug use by male high school students
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
50
13
PERCENTAGE
83.33%
16.67%
Table 4.4
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 50 agreed that peer pressure is a cause of drug
use by male high school students. This number amounted to 83.33% of the total respondents.
The remaining 13 disagreed, which amounted to 16.67% of the total respondents.
Question 4
Male high school students use drugs as self-medication in order to cope with stress
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
26
34
PERCENTAGE
43.33%
56.67%
Table 4.5
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 28 agreed that male high school students use
drugs as self-medication in order to cope with stress. This number amounted to 43.33% of
the total respondents. On the other hand, 34 respondents disagreed, which amounted to
56.67% of the respondents.
Question 5
Male high school students use drugs as self-medication in order to cope with mental
illness/s (anxiety, depression, PTSD, etc.)
29
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
31
29
PERCENTAGE
51.67%
48.33%
Table 4.6
drugs as self-medication in order to cope with mental illness/s (anxiety, depression, PTSD,
etc.). This number amounts to 51.67% of the total respondents. The remaining 48.33%
disagreed with the statement.
Question 6
Ignorance and/or misinformation may be a cause of why male high school students resort to
drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
53
PERCENTAGE
88.33%
11.67%
Table 4.7
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 53 agreed that ignorance and/or
misinformation may be a cause of why male high school students resort to drugs. This
number amounted to 88% of the total respondents. The remaining 11.67% disagreed with the
statement.
Question 7
Lack of attention/guidance by parents/guardians may be a cause of why male high school
students resort to drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
56
PERCENTAGE
93.33%
6.67%
Table 4.8
30
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 56 agreed that lack of attention/guidance by
parents/guardians may be a cause of why male high school students resort to drugs. This
number amounted to 93.33% of the total respondents. The remaining 6.67% disagreed with
the statement.
Question 8
Male high school students take drugs in order to fit in (at school, at home, etc.)
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
28
32
PERCENTAGE
45%
55%
Table 4.9
This table shows that, out of 60 respondents, 29 agreed that male high school students take
drugs in order to fit in. This number amounted to 45% of the total respondents. On the other
hand, 35 respondents disagreed which amounts to 55% of the respondents.
Question 9
Rebellion is a cause of inclination to drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
55
PERCENTAGE
86%
14%
Table 4.10
This table shows that, out of 60 respondents, 55 agreed that rebellion is a cause of inclination
to drugs. This number amounted to 86% of the total respondents. The remaining 14%
disagreed with the statement.
Question 10
Male high school students may take drugs because of curiosity
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
62
PERCENTAGE
97%
3%
Table 4.11
31
This table shows that, out of 60 respondents, 62 agreed that male high school students take
drugs because of curiosity. This number amounted to 97% of the total respondents The
remaining 3% disagreed with the statement.
Question 11
Male high school students take drugs in order to look and feel grown-up
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
42
21
PERCENTAGE
66%
34%
Table 4.12
This table shows that, out of 60 respondents, 42 agree that peer pressure is a cause of drug
use by male high school students. This number amounts to 66% of the total respondents. The
remaining 34% disagree and 1 did not answer the question.
Question 12
Male high school students whose parents or a close family member take drugs may also be
vulnerable to drug use
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
54
PERCENTAGE
84%
16%
Table 4.13
This table shows that, out of 60 respondents, 54 agreed that male high school students whose
parents or close family members take drugs may also be vulnerable to drug use. This number
amounted to 84% of the total respondents The remaining 16% disagreed with the statement.
Question 13
Male high school students take drugs because too much freedom is given to them
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
46
18
PERCENTAGE
72%
28%
32
Table 4.14
This table shows that, out of 60 respondents, 46 agreed that male high school students who
are given too much freedom are likely to resort to drug use. This number amounted to 72% of
the total respondents. The remaining 28% disagreed with the statement.
33
RANKING OF CAUSES OF ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS AS PERCEIVED BY MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
Ranking according to most common cause
CAUSES OF
ILLEGAL
DRUG USE
Peer Pressure
Curiosity
TOTAL
PERC
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
ENTA
GE
19
(1)
8
5
13
(2)
10
59
10
60
59
10
60
60
60
98.33%
100.00
%
Lack of attention
and guidance of
parents and
13
12
14
(4)
98.33%
relatives
Ignorance/Misinf
ormation
Rebellion
11
10
13
60
11
11
59
13
(3)
(7)
100.00
%
100.00
%
To cope with
stress and other
mental illnesses
(such as anxiety,
10
(8)
100.00
%
depression,
PTSD, etc.)
Influence of a
family member
Academic
problems and
suspensions
15
(5)
18
(9)
60
100.00
%
100.00
%
Strained or
broken
relationships with
friends and family
34
13
(6)
98.33%
Table 4.15
This table showed the ranking of the different causes of illegal drug use among male high
school students. It showed that the main cause of illegal drug use is peer pressure according
to the 19 out of 60 male high school students of Philippine International School-Qatar taken
as respondents. On the other hand, the influence of a family member is the least common
cause for drug use of male high school students according to 18 out of 60 of the respondents.
35
RANKING OF SOLUTIONS TO ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS AS PERCEIVED BY MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
No. of respondents who ranked the solution:
Self-control
Acceptance of
oneself
TOTAL
TOTAL
PERCENTAGE
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
19 (3)
13
59
98.33%
10
18
18 (5)
60
100.00%
25 (1)
16
11
60
100.00%
10
14
20 (4)
60
100.00%
14
18 (2)
12
10
60
100.00%
Proper
guidance and
attention (of
parents and
relatives)
Encourage
students to
join extracurricular
activities and
events
Give
awareness and
educate the
students
Table 4.16
This table summarized the ranking of solutions to illegal drug use among male high school
students as perceived by medical practitioners. According to them, proper guidance and
attention of parents/relatives ranked as the main solution.
36
LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ILLEGAL

DRUG USE AS PERCEIVED BY MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
Vulnerability
Highly vulnerable to drug use
TOTAL
FREQUENCY
TOTAL PERCENTAGE
19
31.67%
23 (1)
38.33%
Slightly vulnerable to drug use
11
18.33%
Not vulnerable to drug use
0.00%
53
88.33
Moderately vulnerable to drug

use
Table 4.17
This table summarized the level of vulnerability of male high school students to illegal drug
use as perceived by medical practitioners/professionals. This table showed that according to
medical practitioners/professionals, male high school students are moderately vulnerable to
drug abuse.
37

PERCEPTION OF MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL-QATAR REGARDING THE ILLEGAL DRUG USE OF
QUESTION
AGR
EE
PERCENTA
GE
DISAGR
EE
PERCENTA
GE
TOT
AL
TOTAL
PERCENTA
GE
28
46.67%
32
53.33%
60
100.00%
40
66.67%
20
33.33%
60
100.00%
28
46.67%
32
53.33%
60
100.00%
29
48.33%
31
51.67%
60
100.00%
1. Male high
school
students
are
vulnerabl
e to the
usage of
illegal
drugs
2. Male high
school
students
are prone
to peer
pressure
3. Peer
pressure
is a cause
of drug
use by
male high
school
students
4. Male high
school
students
38
use drugs
as selfmedicatio
n in
order to
cope with
stress
5. Male high
school
students
use drugs
as selfmedicatio
n in
order to
30
50.00%
30
50.00%
60
100.00%
39
65.00%
20
33.33%
59
98.33%
cope with
mental
illness/s
(anxiety,
depressio
n, PTSD,
etc.)
6. Ignorance
and/or
misinfor
mation
may be a
cause of
why male
high
school
students
resort to
39
drugs
7. Lack of
attention/
guidance
by
parents/g
uardians
may be a
cause of
48
80.00%
11
18.33%
59
98.33%
19
31.67%
41
68.33%
60
100.00%
41
68.33%
19
31.67%
60
100.00%
42
70.00%
18
30.00%
60
100.00%
why male
high
school
students
resort to
drugs
8. Male high
school
students
take drugs
in order
to fit in
(at
school, at
home,
etc.)
9. Rebellion
is a cause
of
inclinatio
n to drugs
10. Male high
school
students
40
may take
drugs
because
of
curiosity
11. Male high
school
students
take drugs
in order
30
50.00%
30
50.00%
60
100.00%
39
65.00%
21
35.00%
60
100.00%
35
58.33%
25
41.67%
60
100.00%
to look
and feel
grownup
12. Male high
school
students
whose
parents or
a close
family
member
take drugs
may also
be
vulnerabl
e to drug
use
13. Male high
school
students
take drugs
because
41
too much
freedom
is given
to them
Table 4.18
This table summarized the results of the survey conducted among the 60 respondents which
consisted of male high school students.
Question 1
Male high school students are vulnerable to the usage of illegal drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
28
32
PERCENTAGE
46.67%
53.33%
Table 4.19
vulnerable to the usage of illegal drugs. This number amounted to 46.67% of the total
Table 4.20
Question 2
Male high school students are prone to peer pressure
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
40
20
PERCENTAGE
66.67%
33.33%
prone to peer pressure. This number amounted to 66.67% of the total respondents. On the
other hand, 20 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 33.33%.
Question 3
Peer pressure is a cause of drug use by male high school students
AGREE
42
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
28
32
PERCENTAGE
46.67%
53.33%
Table 4.21
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 28 agreed that peer pressure is a cause of drug
use by male high school students. This number amounted to 46.67% of the total respondents.
On the other hand, 32 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 53.33%.
Question 4
Male high school students use drugs as self-medication in order to cope with stress
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
29
31
PERCENTAGE
48.33%
51.67%
Table 4.22
drugs as self-medication in order to cope with stress. This number amounted to 48.33% of
the total respondents. On the other hand, 31 respondents disagreed, which amounted to
51.67%.
Question 5
Male high school students use drugs as self-medication in order to cope with mental
illness/s (anxiety, depression, PTSD, etc.)
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
30
30
PERCENTAGE
50.00%
50.00%
Table 4.23
drugs as self-medication in order to cope with mental illness/s (anxiety, depression, PTSD,
etc.). This number amounted to 50.00% of the total respondents. On the other hand, 30
respondents disagreed, which amounted to 50.00%.
43
Question 6
Ignorance and/or misinformation may be a cause of why male high school students resort
to drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
39
20
PERCENTAGE
65.00%
33.33%
Table 4.24
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 39 agreed that ignorance and/or
misinformation may be a cause of why male high school students resort to drugs. This
number amounted to 65.00% of the total respondents. On the other hand, 20 respondents
disagree, which amounted to 33.33%, and 1 did not answer the question.
Question 7
Lack of attention/guidance by parents/guardians may be a cause of why male high school
students resort to drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
48
11
PERCENTAGE
80.00%
18.33%
Table 4.25
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 48 agreed that lack of attention/guidance by
parents/guardians may be a cause of why male high school students resort to drugs. This
disagree, which amounted to 18.33%, and 1 did not answer the question.
Question 8
44
Male high school students take drugs in order to fit in (at school, at home, etc.)
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
19
41
PERCENTAGE
31.67%
68.33%
Table 4.26
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 19 agreed that male high school students take
drugs in order to fit in (at school, at home, etc.). This number amounted to 31.67% of the
total respondents. On the other hand, 42 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 68.33%.
Question 9
Rebellion is a cause of inclination to drugs
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
41
19
PERCENTAGE
68.33%
31.67%
Table 4.27
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 41 agreed that rebellion is a cause of
inclination to drugs. This number amounted to 68.33% of the total respondents. On the other
hand, 19 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 31.67%.
Question 10
Male high school students may take drugs because of curiosity
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
42
18
PERCENTAGE
70.00%
30.00%
Table 4.28
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 42 agreed that male high school students may
take drugs because of curiosity. This number amounted to 70.00% of the total respondents.
On the other hand, 18 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 30.00%.
45
Question 11
Male high school students take drugs in order to look and feel grown-up
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
30
30
PERCENTAGE
50.00%
50.00%
Table 4.29
drugs in order to look and feel grown-up. This number amounted to 50.00% of the total
Question 12
Male high school students whose parents or a close family member take drugs may also be
vulnerable to drug use
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
39
21
PERCENTAGE
65.00%
35.00%
Table 4.30
This table showed that, out of 60 respondents, 39 agreed that male high school students
whose parents or a close family member take drugs may also be vulnerable to drug use. This
disagreed, which amounted to 35.00%.
Question 13
Male high school students take drugs because too much freedom is given to them
AGREE
DISAGREE
FREQUENCY
35
25
PERCENTAGE
58.33%
41.67%
Table 4.31
46
drugs because too much freedom is given to them. This number amounted to 58.33% of the
total respondents. On the other hand, 25 respondents disagreed, which amounted to 41.67%.
47
RANKING OF CAUSES OF ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS AS PERCEIVED BY MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL-QATAR
CAUSES OF ILLEGAL
Ranking according to most common cause
DRUG USE
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th
Peer Pressure
18
(1)
Curiosity
12
(2)
Rebellion
PERCENTAGE
57
95.00%
57
95.00%
10
57
95.00%
55
91.67%
59
98.33%
58
96.67%
10
59
98.33%
14
relatives
Ignorance/Misinformation
11
Lack of attention and

guidance of parents and
TOTAL
(3)
2
11
(4)
15
(6)
5
To cope with stress and

other mental illnesses
(such as anxiety,
12
(7)
depression, PTSD, etc.)

member
Academic problems and
suspensions
Strained or broken
relationships with friends
and family
9
(5)
10
(8)
9
12
(9)
59
98.33%
59
98.33%
Table 4.32
This table showed the ranking of the different causes of illegal drug use among male high
school students. It shows that the main cause of drug use is peer pressure according to the 18
out of 60 male high school students taken as respondents. On the other hand, the influence of
a family member is the least common cause for drug use of male high school students
according to 12 out of 60 of the respondents.
48
RANKING OF SOLUTIONS TO ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS AS PERCEIVED BY MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF
PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL-QATAR
No. of respondents who ranked the solution:
Self-control
Acceptance of
oneself
TOTAL
TOTAL
PERCENTAGE
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
36 (1)
58
96.67%
15
16 (3)
13
10
59
98.33%
11
13
22 (2)
59
98.33%
21 (4)
21
59
98.33%
13
11
12
20 (5)
59
98.33%
Proper
guidance and
attention (of
parents and
relatives)
Encourage
students to join
extra-curricular
activities and
events
Give awareness
and educate the
students
Table 4.33
This table showed the ranking of solutions to illegal drug use among male high school
students. According to 36 out of the 60 male high school students taken as respondents, the
main solution to illegal drug use is self-control. On the other hand, the least possible solution
to illegal drug use is the giving of awareness and educating the students according to 20 out
of the 60 of the respondents.
49
LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ILLEGAL

DRUG USE AS PERCEIVED BY MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE
Vulnerability
TOTAL
FREQUENCY
TOTAL PERCENTAGE
11.67%
21
35.00%
23 (1)
38.33%
10.00%
TOTAL %
57
95.00%
Moderately vulnerable to drug

use
Table 4.34
This table showed the level of vulnerability of male high school students to illegal drug use
as perceived by male high school students of Philippine International School Qatar (PISQ).
According to 23 of 60 male high school students taken as respondents, male high school
students are slightly vulnerable to drug use. This comprised 38.33% of the total amount of
respondents.
50
COMPARISON
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
AND MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL
SCHOOL-QATAR TO ILLEGAL DRUG USE OF MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
QUESTION
PERCENTAGE
DISAGRE
AGREE
TOTAL
E
MALE HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS OF PISQ
PERCENTAGE
DISAGRE
AGREE
TOTAL
E
1. Male high
school
students are
vulnerable to
85%
13.33%
98.33%
46.67
%
53.33%
100.00
%
93.33
%
6.67%
100.00
%
66.67
%
33.33%
100.00
%
81.67
%
16.67%
98.33%
46.67
%
53.33%
100.00
%
43.33
%
56.67%
100.00
%
48.33
%
51.67%
100.00
%
the usage of
illegal drugs
2. Male high
school
students are
prone to peer
pressure
3. Peer pressure
is a cause of
drug use by
male high
school
students
4. Male high
school
students use
drugs as selfmedication
in order to
cope with
51
stress
5. Male high
school
students use
drugs as selfmedication
in order to
cope with
51.67
%
48.33%
100.00
%
50.00
%
50.00%
100.00
%
88.33
%
11.67%
100.00
%
65.00
%
33.33%
98.33%
93.33
%
6.67%
100.00
%
80.00
%
18.33%
98.33%
46.67
%
53.33%
100.00
%
31.67
%
68.33%
100.00
%
mental
illness/s
(anxiety,
depression,
PTSD, etc.)
6. Ignorance
and/or
misinformatio
n may be a
cause of why
male high
school
students resort
to drugs
7. Lack of
attention/guid
ance by
parents/guardi
ans may be a
cause of why
male high
school
students resort
to drugs
8. Male high
52
school
students take
drugs in order
to fit in (at
school, at
home, etc.)
9. Rebellion is a
cause of
inclination to
88.33
%
10.00%
98.33%
68.33
%
31.67%
100.00
%
98.33
%
1.67%
100.00
%
70.00
%
30.00%
100.00
%
66.67
%
31.67%
98.33%
50.00
%
50.00%
100.00
%
85%
13.33%
98.33%
65.00
%
35.00%
100.00
%
drugs
10. Male high
school
students may
take drugs
because of
curiosity
11. Male high
school
students take
drugs in order
to look and
feel grownup
12. Male high
school
students
whose parents
or a close
family
member take
drugs may
also be
vulnerable to
53
drug use
13. Male high
school
students take
drugs because
75%
100.00
%
25.00%
too much
58.33
%
100.00
%
41.67%
freedom is
given to them
Table 3.35
This
table
summarized
the
comparison
between
the
perception
of
medical
practitioners/professionals and male high school students of Philippine International School

Qatar (PISQ) towards the level of vulnerability of male high school students to illegal drug
use.
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE RANKING OF CAUSES OF ILLEGAL DRUG USE
AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AS PERCEIVED BY MALE HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL-QATAR AND BY
CAUSES OF ILLEGAL
MEDICAL
MALE HIGH SCHOOL
DRUG USE
PRACTITIONERS
STUDENTS OF PISQ
RANKING
PERCENTAGE
RANKING
PERCENTAGE
Peer Pressure
1ST
31.67%
1ST
30.00%
Curiosity
2ND
21.67%
2ND
20.00%
4TH
23.33%
3RD
23.33%
7TH
18.33%
6TH
25.00%
Rebellion
3RD
21.67%
4TH
18.33%
8TH
16.67%
7TH
20.00%
9TH
30.00%
9TH
20.00%
Lack of attention and

guidance of parents and
relatives
To cope with stress and

other mental illnesses
(such as anxiety,
member
54
Academic problems and

suspensions
5TH
25.00%
8TH
16.67%
6TH
21.67%
5TH
15.00%
Strained or broken
relationships with friends
and family
Table 4.36
This table summarized the comparison between the ranking of the causes of illegal drug use
among male high school students as perceived by medical practitioners/professionals and by
male high school students of Philippine International School Qatar (PISQ). According to
medical practitioners/professionals and male high school students of PISQ, peer pressure,
curiosity, and lack of attention/guidance of parents/relatives are the main causes of illegal
drug use by male high school students.
55
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE RANKING OF SOLUTIONS TO ILLEGAL DRUG

USE AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AS PERCEIVED BY MALE HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL-QATAR AND BY
MEDICAL
MALE HIGH SCHOOL
PRACTITIONERS
STUDENTS OF PISQ
RANKING
PERCENTAGE
RANKING
PERCENTAGE
Self-control
3RD
1.47%
1ST
1.61%
Acceptance of oneself
5TH
1.53%
3RD
1.64%
1ST
1.53%
2ND
1.64%
4TH
1.53%
4TH
1.64%
2ND
1.53%
5TH
1.64%
Proper guidance and

attention (of parents and
relatives)
Encourage students to join
extra-curricular activities
and events
Give awareness and educate
the students
Table 4.37
This table summarized the comparison between the ranking of solutions to solve the illegal
drug
use
among
male
high
school
students
as
perceived
by
medical
practitioners/professionals and by male high school students of Philippine International

School Qatar (PISQ). According to medical practitioners/professionals and male high
school students of PISQ, proper guidance and attention of parents and relatives is the main
solution to the illegal drug use of male high school students, along with acceptance of oneself
and self-control.
56
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ILLEGAL DRUG USE AS PERCEIVED BY MEDICAL
PROFESSIONALS AND MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE
Medical Professionals
Vulnerability
TOTAL
TOTAL
Male High School Students of

PISQ
TOTAL
TOTAL
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Highly
vulnerable to
19
31.67%
11.67%
23
38.33%
21
35.00%
11
18.33%
23
38.33%
0.00%
10.00%
drug use
Moderately
vulnerable to
drug use
Slightly
vulnerable to
drug use
Not vulnerable to
drug use
95.00%
Table 4.38
This table summarized the comparison between the level of vulnerability of male high school
students to illegal drug use as perceived by medical practitioners/professionals and by male
high school students of Philippine International School Qatar (PISQ). According to medical
practitioners/professionals, male high school students are moderately vulnerable to drug use.
However, according to male high school students of PISQ, male high school students are
slightly vulnerable to drug use.
57
Chapter 5
Summary, Findings and Recommendation
This chapter contained the summary of the study, conclusion and recommendation for the
factors and solutions concerning the problem discussed in this research.
SUMMARY
The results are as follows:
1. According to the medical practitioners/professionals, most of them believed that male

high schools students engage in illegal drugs because of curiosity. 97% of the
respondents who are medical professionals agreed to this question, which is the
highest percentage among all questions, and the researchers can safely say that male
high school students are vulnerable towards illegal drugs due to their curiosity.
2. According to the medical practitioners/professionals, they believed that male high
school students don't use drugs as self-medication in order to cope with stress. It is
the item which has the highest percentage of disagreement which means the use of
illegal drugs as "self-medication" to cope up with stress doesn't make a male high
school student vulnerable into taking illegal drugs.
3. Together with curiosity, male high school students engaged in illegal drugs mainly
because of peer pressure and lack of attention/guidance of parents/guardians. These
items
have
the
most
percentage
of
agreement
by
the
medical
practitioners/professionals on why male high school students engaged in illegal drugs.

4. When asked to rank the causes of illegal drug use of male high school students,
medical practitioners/professionals ranked peer pressure as the main cause, along with
curiosity and lack of attention/guidance of parents/guardians respectively.

58
5. According to the medical practitioners/professionals, proper guidance of male high

school students is their most recommended solution in solving the problem of illegal
drug use of male high school students.
6. According to the male high school students of PISQ, male high school students are
slightly vulnerable to illegal drug use.
7. According to the answers of the male high school students of PISQ in the first
questionnaire, they agreed that lack of attention/guidance from parents/guardians is a
cause of illegal drug use by male high school students. This comprises 80.00% of the
respondents who agreed.
8. According to the ranking made by the male high school students of PISQ, peer
pressure, along with curiosity and lack of attention/guidance of parents/guardians,
came up as the main cause of illegal drug use among male high school students. This
correlated with the answers of medical practitioners/professionals.
9. According to the ranking made by the male high school students of PISQ, self-control
is their most recommended solution in solving the problem of illegal drug use of male
high school students.
FINDINGS
According to the summary of the study, the findings are as follows:
1. Most male high school students are drawn to drugs mostly because of their curiosity,
which is the most prominent cause of drug addiction, according to medical
professionals.
2. According to the medical professionals and practitioners involved in this study, male
high school students are least likely to resort to drugs to cope with stress.
59
3. According to both medical professionals/practitioners and as well with the male high
school students of Philippine International School Qatar, peer pressure is ranked as
the main cause of illegal drug use of male high school students.
4. According to the results of the survey conducted by the researchers to medical
practitioners/professionals, lack of attention from ones parents, guardians, or loved
ones may lead one to seek respite in the usage of illegal drugs.
5. Most causes of illegal drug use are influenced by the people around the person in
question, such as parents, relatives, and friends. Therefore, ones environment can
influence ones views and decisions about drugs.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Following the meticulous collection and analysis of relevant data, these
recommendations are formed by the researchers:
1. The researchers recommended that parents/guardians keep a lookout for any
symptoms of emotional distress in their son. It is necessary to subject the child to
counselling once symptoms start to show, since depression is a common cause of drug
usage.
2. Another recommendation is that parents should keep a close eye on who their son
befriends and how his friends act around their son. If the parents suspect a friend who
acts suspiciously around their son, and if they suspect that a friends negative
behavior has influenced their sons, they should talk their son into staying away from
the friend in question to avoid forming bad habits that may develop into vices.
3. Should a child develop a mental illness due to the environment he is in and due to the
people around him, the parents should talk to their child in a way that shows they
understand their sons plight, not in a way that should be condescending or in a way

60
that demeans the mental illness that their son has, their sons approach to it, and their
sons current condition. The help of a therapist or counselor should be obtained if the
parents are unfamiliar with the illness and need understanding from their sons point
of view.
4. If a child feels like he is undergoing stress, anxiety, depression, or any other mental
illness, feels that he is in an environment that he is uncomfortable with, or is trapped
with toxic people in his life, he should approach his parents to help them understand
what he is going through. He may also talk to the guidance counselor of his school,
who may provide him with unbiased opinions from a professionals standpoint.
5. Self-control should be practiced by male high school students. At their age, they know
what is right and what is wrong. As high school students, they should be focusing on
their studies first instead of engaging in illegal drug use. Furthermore, using drugs is
illegal in several countries including Qatar. Not only does the usage of illegal drugs
affect your overall behavior, personality, and academic standing, it also carries a
heavy fine and a hefty punishment.
6. Giving awareness and educating male high school students of the causes/factors,
effects and risks of engaging in illegal drug usage is a must for every home and
school. The researchers suggest that schools should organize and conduct an annual
conference to properly educate the students. This should be conducted by
professionals who are knowledgeable about the topic and has sufficient background to
be able to provide such information to the students.
61
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Adams, Michael Patrick, PhD and Leland Norman, PhD. Holland Jr. Core Concepts in
Pharmacology. 2nd Edition. Upper Saddle City: Pearson Education, Inc., 2007.
Adolescent Substance Use: America's #1 Public Health Problem. Columbia University. 633
Third Avenue, New York: CASA Columbia, 2011.
Adolescents - Basic Data - Prevalence, Trends, Perception. n.d. 2016.
<http://www.drugwarfacts.org/cms/Adolescents#sthash.rLN0flA0.42CsvgPc.dpbs>.
Anderson, T. Drug Identity Change Processes, Race, and Gender. Vol. II. 1998.
Johnston, L.D, et al. Monitoring the Future National results on Adolescent Drug Use:
Overview of Key Findings. Bethesda: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2013.
O'Brien, Robert and Sidney Cohen. The Encyclopedia of Drug Abuse. 1st Edition. New York:
Facts on File, 1984.
Office of Applied Studies. 1996 National Household Server. Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Association. Washington D.C., 1997.
Principlesof Adolescent Substance Abuse Disorder Treatment: A Research-Based Guide.
January 2014. <https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-adolescentsubstance-use-disorder-treatment-research-based-guide/introduction>.
Steinburg, L. Distinguished University Professor and Laura H. Carnell Professor of
Psychology, Department of Psychology, Temple University. You and Your
Adolescent: The Essential Guide for Ages 10 to 25. Personal Communication, June 9,
2011.
62
Study Finds Men More Likely Than Women to Develop Substance Use Disorders. 22 August
2011. <http://www.drugfree.org/join-together/study-finds-men-more-likely-thanwomen-to-develop-substance-use-disorders/>.
Tammy L. Anderson, Ph.D. Drug Use and Gender. University of Illinois. Chicago, n.d.
Vink, J.M., G. Willemsen and D.I. Boomsma. "Heritability of Smoking Initiation and
Nicotine Dependence." 2005.
63
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

APPENDIX 1.1: LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS

Survey for Thesis
Philippine International School-Qatar
Research 10, English 10, Science 10, Filipino 10
February, 2016
Dear Respondents,
Greetings!
We are researchers from Philippine International School of Qatar, and for our final project in
a total of four subjects, we were tasked to write a research paper, which will compose 50% of
our final grade and which will also be submitted to a national competition. Our study is
entitled, The Level of Vulnerability of Male High School Students to Illegal Drugs: Its
Factors and Solutions, and because our assigned respondents are medical professionals and
male high school students, we invite you to participate in this research study by answering
the attached survey.
The following questionnaire will require approximately 10 minutes to complete. There is no
compensation for answering nor is there any known risk. In order to ensure that all
information will remain confidential, please do not include your name. If you choose to
participate in this project, please answer all questions as honestly as possible and to the best
of your abilities. Kindly return the completed questionnaires to the following: Chaellie
Angelie D. Miranda, Ma. Ellyza Andrea J. Ona, Shanley Carmela Mikaela R. Sandoval,
64
Arvin Clyde D. Crisme, Lawrence Andrei R. Sanchez, and Jazmin Rozelle C. Erice.
Participation is strictly voluntary and you may refuse to participate at any time.
Thank you for taking the time to assist us in our final project. The data collected from the
survey will be helpful in providing accurate and direct information and will surely be useful
in our study. Completion of the survey indicates your willingness to participate, and we are
very grateful that you have taken some of your time to answering the questionnaire.
Sincerely,
The Researchers.
65
APPENDIX 1.2: SURVEY
with mental illness/s (anxiety,
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MEDICAL
depression, PTSD, etc.):
PRACTITIONERS & MALE HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
6. Ignorance and/or misinformation may
Instructions: Kindly tick the box of your

answer using dark lead pencil or black/blue
be a cause of why male high school
pen.
students resort to drugs:
Profession: ________________________
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
7. Lack of attention/guidance by
1. Male high school students are

vulnerable to the usage of illegal
parents/guardians may be a cause of
drugs:
why male high school students resort
AGRE
EE
to drugs:
DISAGREE
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
2. Male high school students are prone to

8. Male high school students take drugs
peer pressure:

AGRE
E
in order to fit in (at school, at home,
DISAGREE
etc.):
3. Peer pressure is a cause of drug use by
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
male high school students:

AGRE
E
9. Rebellion is a cause of inclination to

DISAGREE
drugs:

4. Male high school students use drugs as
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
self-medication in order to cope

10. Male high school students may take
with stress:

AGRE
E
drugs because of curiosity:

DISAGREE

AGRE
E
DISAGREE
5. Male high school students use drugs as

self-medication in order to cope
in order to look and feel grown-up
66
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
12. Male high school students whose

parents or a close family member take
drugs may also be vulnerable to drug
use:

AGRE
E
DISAGREE

because too much freedom is given to
them:
AGRE
E
DISAGREE
67
APPENDIX 1.3: SURVEY

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MEDICAL
PRACTITIONERS AND MALE HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS
illegal drug use among male high school
Instructions: Rank the following causes
students
of illegal drug use among male high
(1 as the most recommended, 5 as the
school students:
least recommended)
(1 as the highest, 9 as the lowest)

Self-control
Peer Pressure
Acceptance of oneself
Curiosity
Proper guidance and attention (of
Lack of attention and guidance (of
parents and relatives)
parents and relatives)
Encourage students to join extra-
curricular activities and events
Rebellion
Give awareness and educate the
To cope with stress and other mental
students
illnesses (such as anxiety,

Male high school students are:
Influence of a family member
(please choose one option only)
Academic problems and suspensions

Strained or broken relationships
with friends and family

Moderately vulnerable to drug use
Instructions: rank the following

solutions and preventive measures for
68
APPENDIX II: CALCULATIONS TO GET THE MALE HIGH SCHOOL

RESPONDENTS
TOTAL POPULATION OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Grade 7 129 9 sections
TOTAL 425
STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING:
129 / 425 = 30.35% (percentage of the population that Grade 7 occupies)
TOTAL = 100%
CLUSTER SAMPLING:
*60 is the quota to be reached to get the total number of respondents for male high school
students
30.35% x 60 = 18.81 = 18
26.59% x 60 = 15.95 = 16
22.12% x 60 = 13.27 = 13
20.94% x 60 = 12.56 = 60
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS
2 sections/year level
Grade 7 (18 respondents):
Knowledge = 9 respondents
Trustworthy = 9 respondents
69

Courage = 8 respondents
Peace = 8 respondents

Brilliance = 6 respondents
Chastity = 7 respondents
Grade 10 (13 respondents)

Hope = 6 respondents
Compassion = 7 respondents
70
APPENDIX III: LETTERS

APPENDIX 3.1: LETTER TO ADMINISTER QUESTIONNAIRES
February 28, 2016

To whom it may concern,
Greetings!
Please allow us to administer our questionnaires to Grades 7 10 for our research entitled,
The Level of Vulnerability of Male High School Students Towards Illegal Drugs: Its Factors
and Solutions
Thank you and God bless!
Sincerely,
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Noted by:
_______________________________
_______________________________
Mr. Daniel Dapis
Ms. Excelsis Tabelisma
Research Adviser
English Teacher
_______________________________
_______________________________
Mr. Daniel Paduit
Mr. Jojo Calague
Filipino Teacher
Research Teacher
71
_______________________________
Mrs. Judileine Dabin
Science Teacher
72
APPENDIX 3.2: LETTER TO PHOTOCOPY QUESTIONNAIRES
February 26, 2016

To whom it may concern,
Greetings!
Please allow us to photocopy our questionnaire for our research entitled, The Level of
Vulnerability of Male High School Students towards Illegal Drugs: Its Factors and
Solutions.
Thank you and God bless!
Sincerely,
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Noted by:
_______________________________
Mr. Daniel Dapis
Research Adviser
73
CURRICULUM VITAE

Born on January 22, 2000
Grade 10 Einstein
Achievements:
Joined the Doha Bank Eco-
School Action Team Project (2014)
Joined
the
Environmental
Sustainability in Qatar Case Study

Project (2014) and received a Special
Award.
Participated in the making of the
research paper entitled, Assessment of

Grade 9 Students on the Implementation of the K-12 Program at Philippine
International School Qatar A.Y. 2014-2015.
His goal in life is to be a computer engineer for major gaming software companies.
74

Born on December 17, 1999
Grade 10 Einstein
Achievements:
Participated in making the
research paper entitled, Underlying

Reasons of the Insufficient Facilities
and
Equipment
of
Philippine
International School Qatar (S.Y.

2014-2015)
Top 4 in the SMOHS Class for
the 2nd Quarter of S.Y. 2015-2016 of

Philippine International School - Qatar.
Top 6 in the SMOHS Class for the 3rd Quarter of S.Y. 2015-2016 of Philippine
International School Qatar.
His goal in life is to be a successful doctor.
75

Born on February 25, 1999
Grade 10 Einstein
Achievements:
Participated in making the research
paper entitled, Underlying Reasons of the

Insufficient Facilities and Equipment of
Philippine International School Qatar
(S.Y. 2014-2015)
Her goal in life is to be a
successful graphic designer.
76

Born on February 18, 2000
Grade 10 Einstein
Achievements:
Joined
in
the
Environmental
Sustainability in Qatar Case Study Project

(2014) and received a Special Award.
Participated in the making of the
research
paper
entitled,
Underlying
Reasons of the Insufficient Facilities and

Equipment of Philippine International
School Qatar (S.Y. 2014-2015)
Joined the 13th Order of the Knights of Rizal MEAR Rizal Youth Inter-School
Academic, Talent and Skills Competition for On-the-Spot English Essay Writing and
won 3rd Runner-Up.
Joined the 3rd Inter-School Literary Competition in Pakistan Education Centre for
Essay Writing Senior Category.
Her goal in life is to be a successful writer and accomplished medical doctor.
77

Born on April 2, 2000
Grade 10 Einstein
Achievements:
Top 7 in the SMOHS Class for the
1st
Quarter
of
S.Y.
2015-2016
in
Philippine International School Qatar.

3rd
Quarter
of
S.Y.
2015-2016
in
Philippine International School Qatar.
Her goal in life is to be a medical
doctor.
78
Shanley Carmela Mikaela R.

Sandoval
Born on July 17, 1999
Grade 10 Einstein
Achievements:
Joined the 13th Order of the
Knights of Rizal MEAR Rizal Youth

Inter-School Academic, Talent and Skills
Competition for On-the-Spot Filipino
Essay Writing and won 2nd Runner-Up.
1st Quarter of S.Y. 2015-2016 in Philippine International School Qatar.
Top 3 in the SMOHS Class for the 2nd Quarter of S.Y. 2015-2016 in Philippine
International School Qatar.
Top 2 in the SMOHS Class for the 3rd Quarter of S.Y. 2015-2016 in Philippine
International School - Qatar.
Her goal in life is to be a successful engineer.
79

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Philippine International School Qatar

S.Y. 2015 - 2016

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGLISH,

Arvin Clyde D. Crisme

Mr. Jojo L. Calague

The Level of Vulnerability of Male High

This research paper entitled, THE LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH

Statement of the Problem

Significance of the Study

Scope and Limitation

Statistical Treatment of Data

o Perception of Medical Professionals Regarding the Illegal Drug Use of Male

o Level of Vulnerability of Male High School Students to Illegal Drug Use as

Male High School Students

o Level of Vulnerability of Male High School Students to Illegal Drug Use as

o Comparison Between the Perception of Medical Practitioners and Male High

o Comparison Between the Ranking of Solutions to Illegal Drug Use Among

o Comparison Between the Level of Vulnerability of Male High School

Appendix I: Survey Questionnaires

Appendix II: Calculations to Get the Male High School Respondents

Appendix III: Letters

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This research was limited to a number of 60 respondents from different medical

Addiction - physically dependent on a particular substance; dependent on a drug as a habit.

Depression - Depression is a mood or state of despondency which, in normal individuals, is

Illicit Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.

According to the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia

According to Johnston, OMalley, Bachman, and Schulenberg (2013) in their study

Anderson (1996) found that rigid expectations of conformity to masculine and

school students are

prone to illegal drugs

drug use of male

Factors that affect

high school students

The Level of Vulnerability of Male

Proper guidance &

Give awareness and

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

RANKING OF CAUSES OF ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL

RANKING OF SOLUTIONS TO ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH

LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ILLEGAL

Slightly vulnerable to drug use

Not vulnerable to drug use

Moderately vulnerable to drug

MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

RANKING OF CAUSES OF ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL

Ranking according to most common cause

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th

Lack of attention and

To cope with stress and

depression, PTSD, etc.)

RANKING OF SOLUTIONS TO ILLEGAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE HIGH

LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY OF MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS TO ILLEGAL

Slightly vulnerable to drug use

Not vulnerable to drug use

Moderately vulnerable to drug

MALE HIGH SCHOOL

practitioners/professionals and male high school students of Philippine International School

MALE HIGH SCHOOL

Lack of attention and

To cope with stress and