Computer Science Unit Test

RAM
Random Access Memory, memory or disk that can be both read and written to a
collection of microchips allied on small circuit boards that Hit into slots with hundred
or more connectors
Byte
The combination of 1s and 0s from eight data lines form a single byte of data.
Variations of byte comes in KB, MB, GB, TB
CPU
Central Processing Unit, the microprocessor that processes information and the
code the brain of the computer (ALU, Control unit & onboard memory)
Motherboard
A plastic sheet on to which metallic circuits have been printed and to the rest of
the PCs component are connected. Can be connected through sockets or built
directly on to the motherboard
Performs a specific function that is the end results of using a computer. (e.g. word
processor, image editor)
Hard Drive
The main repository in forms of magnet recordings on hard, thin platters. Contains
system files, program and documents, the busiest part of the computer.
Operating System
Software that exist to control the operation of hardware, essentially the operating
system directs any operation (e.g. Windows, Linux, OS X)
ROM
Read only memory, memory chips or data stored on disks that can be read by the
computers processor
Video Card
Translates image information into varying electrical currents needed to display the
image on the monitor
Sound Card
Contains the circuitry for recording and reproducing multimedia sound, can be an
expansion or build directly on to the motherboard attached by cables to external
connections like speakers, headphones, and CD and microphone inputs
Any external devices that provide input or output from and into the computer (e.g
Mouse, monitor, speaker, microphone).

Memory
To run or execute a program means that the set of instructions that makes up the
program have to be followed by the CPU. RAM and ROM
Secondary Memory
Larger, cheaper secondary memory can be used to store large amounts of data that
are accessed infrequently. Hard disks, CD-ROMs, flash/USB drives, floppy disks
Hacking
Black hat- Selfish Bad Guys that hack for their own benefit.
White hat-Professional security hackers.
They can create backdoors and erase files and damage data, types of hacking are
Phreaking, Spoofing.
Input Devices- used to provide data and control signals to an information processing
system such as a computer or information appliance.

Keyboard
-Mouse
-Scanners
-ports (USB)

Output Devises- used to send data from a computer to another device or user.

-Monitor
-Printer
-Plotters
-Disk drives

Algorithm

Set of instructions designed to perform a speciHic task that stops. A way to

form logical step-by-step procedures
FLOW CHARTS
Decision If
Else, ElseIf, End if Case
Case else, end select
Repetition
For loop (counted)
Step (+/-)
Next
Do loop (conditioned)
Until, While, Exit do

Physical types of computers

Desktops
Laptops

Tablet
Netbooks

Windows over mac

-Fix it at home
-Download more games
-impossible to upgrade a mac

How to choose cell phone

-

Screen quality, size, resolution

Weight
Battery

CD 700mb, DVD 4.7 GB, diskette 1.4 MB, USB 1-16 GB

Ethical or non-ethical
-

Non ethical its illegal to hack into a website, and publicize a companys
secret information, sound immature arrogant to say it was a security flaw.

Gaming Laptop vs Netbook

-

Netbook is much smaller in comparson, lesser data, and low battery.

Laptops bigger Hardrive, more features better for gaming.