CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design, population of the study,
sampling design, and data collection method used by the proponents in
this study. Results of the pre-assessment survey conducted are also
discussed.
Research Design
For this study, the proponents opt to use the descriptive type of
research. This type of research is conducted to illustrate and determine
patterns or characteristics of variables in particular instances or events.
The methods used for this research are primarily a combination of
research methods which is an approach to inquiry that associates both
qualitative and quantitative forms of research. They gathered data
through survey and series of interviews.
Population of the Study
The respondents for this study are the potential users of the
proposed system. These include the Colegios students, faculty members,
administrators, and other personnel. Visitors of the Colegio are also
eligible to be part of this study.

The total population of students and employees in Letran Calamba

is 4189. The table in the next page shows the distribution of the
population.

Table 3. Frequency Distribution of the respondents

RESPONDENTS
QMPD employees

TOTAL
POPULATION

SAMPLE
SIZE

PERCENTAGE

2.20%

426

81

44.51%

Students

3759

97

53.30%

Total:

4189

182

100.01%

Employees
Faculty,
Employees)

(Admin,
Office

Sampling Design
In order to strengthen the validity of this study, two sampling
designs were used to collect accurate information from the list of samples.
First, total enumeration was used to obtain data from the employees of
the QMPD. Total enumeration is preferred in cases which the data
population is small or the variable cannot be time-sampled realistically.
Since the QMPD has a relatively small population, the proponents deemed
that this sampling design is the most effective to use in this kind of
scenario.
Second, the proponents also used random sampling in order to
collect data from a huge population like the students and employees of
the Colegio. This kind of sampling method operates on selected subsets of
the target population and using a number of assumptions regarding the
distribution of the population, provide estimates of the parameters under
study. They used Slovins formula in determining the sample size. This

technique is best used when the researchers has no idea about the
populations behavior. The sample size aside from the QMPD employees is
represented by n which is derived using Slovins Formula n = N/1+N(e2).
Where:
N = Total target population
E = the margin of error which in this study is 10%
n = the sample size
Data Collection Method
The

proponents

groundwork

are

through

libraries,

reading

unpublished thesis, and digging related studies and literatures about the
present study. The Internet is another method they used. With the use of
the Internet, they browse articles related to the present study.

They also

conducted interview with the respondents to be able to gather

information on the problems encountered in using the manual procedure
in developing survey questions. Internet Research became one of the
most important sources of information of the proponents. Through this,
they gathered more ideas and significant information related to the
proposed project, which are important to the proposed system by means
of principles and functions to get more ideas about what would be the
possible outcome of the proposed system.

Library research is also a

method used by the proponents since the library is also one of the main
sources of information for the proponents to gather information and
enhance the knowledge on the proposed study and the programming
language that will use. The proponents also read previous studies in the
library to help in terms of data which are fundamental in building theories
in developing the proposed system

Software Development Process

The proponents will adopt the Iterative Waterfall Model for this
study. In this model, iterative process starts with a simple implementation
of a small set of the software requirements and iteratively enhances the
evolving versions until the complete system is implemented and ready to
be deployed. The basic idea behind this method is to develop a system
through repeated cycles, in smaller portions at a time.
They considered using the Iterative Waterfall Model for the following
reasons: (1) Defects at an early phase can be easily identified and evades
the downward flow of the defect; (2) Requirements of the complete
system are clearly defined already; (3) The researchers can get reliable
user feedback; and (4) More time is given for designing and less for
documentation.

Figure 9. Iterative Waterfall Model

Requirements Gathering. This stage is where the proponents gathered

preliminary data concerning the needs and difficulties being encountered
by the QMPD. Research has been conducted on how the current process
of the CSS work and the disadvantages of the said process.
Analysis.

In this phase, the data gathered previously are analyzed to

determine the best approach on how to answer the problems that will be
of benefit to the QMPD.
System Design. This phase deals with the conceptualizing and designing
of the system. The proponents create a design model using input-processoutput chart and Unified Modeling Language. These include Use Case,
Activity Diagram, Class Diagram and Sequence Diagram. Databases were
designed using entity-relationship model.
Coding. In this phase, the proponents will now proceed in creating the
functionality aspect of the system. The functionality that will be provided
is based on the objectives agreed upon by both the proponents and their
client, which is the QMPD.
Testing. This part deals with the actual testing of the system before its
implementation. The proponents will have the sample derived from target
population test the system and give their feedback using a survey
questionnaire.
Implementation. The final stage of the Iterative Waterfall Model covers
the deployment of the system once all the requirements are met, as well
as the overall functionality of the system.