Science 2016 2017 Std 7 Assignment 1st Sem Chapter 1 to 8

MCQ
Chapter-5:
(1) How many nutrient substances do the plant get from the soil?
a) 7
b) 9
c) 13
d) 1
(2) Which instrument is used to plough the soil?
a) Hoe b) Plough
c) Khurpi
d) sickle
(3) To add organic substances in soil
a) Spray insecticide b) give chemical fertilizer
c) give dung manure d) give water
(4) What should be done to maintain soil fertility?
a) Use of excessive chemical fertilizer b) To rotate the crop
C ) Same crop repeatedly taken
D) Use of excess of chemical insecticides
(5) Which of the following is an artificial fertilizer?
a) dung manure b)oilseed cake
c)Urea
d) Green manure
(6) By which irrigation method is 40 to 60 % of water saved?
a) Drip-irrigation method
b)Fountain-irrigation method
c) Dhoria-irrigation
method
D )Water channels method
(7) Minimum erosion occurs in which soil?
a. With steps
b) With horizontal method c) With one side slope d) With grass covered
Chapter-6:
(8) Which is the structural and functional unit of living organism?
Ans) Cell
(9) Which of the following is a plant cell?
Ans) Onion cell
(10) 3.Which of the following organelles is not present in plant cell?
Ans) Centriole
(11) Which of the following organelles is not present in an animal cell?
Ans) Cell wall
(12) Which of the following is a unicellular plant?
Ans) Yeast
(13) Which organelle of cell is known as powerhouse of a cell?
Ans) Mitochondrion
(14) Which cell organelle plays a significant role in protein synthesis?
Ans) Ribosome
(15) Which of the following organelle is not present in the nucleus?
Ans) Chromosome
Chapter-7:
(16)
a)
(17)
a)
(18)
a)
(19)
a)

Which type of motion is the motion of a fruit falling from the tree?
Random motion
b) Linear motion
c) Circular motion
d) Oscillatory motion
Which type of motion is the motion of the hands of the clock?
Random motion
b) Linear motion
c) Circular motion d) Oscillatory motion
Which type of motion is the motion of a swinging cradle?
Random motion
b) Linear motion
c) Circular motion
d) Oscillatory motion
Which of the following is the periodic motion?
Motion of a flying mosquito b) Motion of a freely falling stone c) Motion of a spinning top
d) Motion of a pendulum of a clock

(20)
a)

Which of the following is an oscillatory motion?

Motion of paddle of a moving bicycle
b) Motion of hands of a runner

(21)
a)
(22)
a)
(23)
a)

C ) Bicycle moving on a straight path

d) Motion of earth around the sun
Which of the following is a unit of speed?
Metre
b) Metre/second
c) Second/metre
d) All the given
What is an external effect which changes the state of motion called?
Force
b) Speed
c)Motion
d) Work
Which force will you use to lift goods?
Muscular force
b) Frictional force
c) Gravitational force d) Magnetic force

Chapter-8:
(24)
a)
(25)
a)
(26)
a)
(27)
a)
(28)
a)
(29)
a)
(30)
a)
(31)
a)
(32)
a)
b)
c)
d)
(33)
a)
b)
c)
d)
(34)
a)
b)
c)
d)
(35)
a)
b)
c)
d)
(36)
a)
b)
c)
d)
(37)
a)
b)
c)
d)

Digestion of which component of food starts in the buccal cavity?

Starch b) Lipid
c) Vitamin
d) protein
Who performs the churning of food?
buccal cavity b) stomach c) small intestine
d) Oesophagus
Which component of food is partially digested in stomach?
Carbohydrates b) Lipids
c) proteins d) mineral salt
In which organ does the food remain for maximum time?
Stomach
b) buccal cavity
c) Oesophagus
d) Small intestine
Which organ of digestive system does not produce digestive juice?
buccal cavity ) stomach
c) large intestine
d) small intestine
Which organ is located at the end of digestive system?
small intestine b) rectum
c) duodenum
d) large intestine
Which is an accessory digestive organ?
Oesophagus b) Stomach c) large intestine
d) pancreas
Which of the following is an organ of respiratory system?
Heart
b) lungs
c) liver
d) buccal cavity
In whose structure are the C shaped rings of cartilage found?
Trachea
Oesophagus
nose
bronchi
What are numerous small structure like a bunch of grapes in lungs called?
blood capillaries
Air sacs (Alveoli)
Cartilages
bronchioles
What is the main and important organ of respiratory system?
Nose
Trachea
Lungs
bronchi
Who brings the blood to the heart from various organs?
Artery
Vein
capillaries
lungs
Which component of the blood protects the body against diseases?
blood plasma
red blood corpuscles
white blood corpuscles
blood platelets
Which component of blood helps in process of blood coagulation?
red blood corpuscles
white blood corpuscles
blood platelets
haemoglobin

(38)
a)
b)
c)
d)

Where is tricuspid valve in heart?

between right atrium and right ventricle
between right atrium and left atrium
between left ventricle and right atrium
between left atrium and left ventricle
Answer in One Sentence
Chapter-1:

Q.1. State the principle of magnetic compass.

Ans. The principle of magnetic is that a freely suspended magnet comes to rest in north and south
direction.
Q.2. State the uses of magnetic compass.
Ans. A magnetic compass is used to find direction in desert, ship, forest and aeroplane
Q.3. Which geographical pole is downward on the sphere of the earth?
Ans. South pole is downward on the sphere of the earth.
Q.4. Which magnetic pole of the earth is near its geographical south pole?
Ans. North pole of the earth is near its geographical south pole.
Q.5. In which part of a magnet is strong magnetic field found?
Ans. Strong magnetic field is found near both the poles of the magnet.
Q.6. What is a large group of tiny magnets present in magnet called?
Ans. A large group of tiny magnets present in a magnet is called domain.
Q.7. Which type of magnet is used in an electric bell?
Ans. Electromagnet is used in electric bell.
Chapter-2:
Q.8. Mention the colour change by addition of 2-3 drops of iodine solution on wheat flour.
Ans. By addition of 2-3 drops of iodine solution on wheat flour it becomes blue or black colour.
Q.9. Which is the main constituent of diet that provides energy and heat to the body?
Ans. Fat is the main constituent of diet that provides energy and heat to the body.
Q.10. Which constituent of diet is available from oily food?
Ans. Fat is available from oily food.
Q.11. Which constituent of diet releases (produces) double or more than double energy as compared to
Carbohydrates?
Ans. Fat is a constituent of diet that releases (produces)double or more than double energy as compared
to Carbohydrate.
Q.12. Which constituent of diet is available to us from pulses?
Ans. Protein is available to us from pulses.
Q.13. Which constituent of diet is necessary for the structural constitution of bones?
Ans. Calcium and phosphorus is necessary for the structural constitution of bones.
Q.14. Which vitamin is essential for healthy eyes?
Ans. Vitamin A is essential for healthy eyes.
Q.15. Due to deficiency of which vitamin does rickets occur?
Ans. Due to deficiency of vitamin D rickets occur.
Q.16. Which vitamin occurs in large amount in gooseberry (amla)?
Ans. Vitamin C occurs in large amount in gooseberry (amla)
Q.17. Due to deficiency of which vitamin, beriberi occurs?
Ans. Due to deficiency of vitamin B beriberi occurs.
Q.18. Which deficiency disease occurs due to deficiency of vitamin C?
Ans. Due to deficiency of vitamin C scurvy occurs
Q.19. Which deficiency disease occurs due to deficiency of vitamin D?
Ans. Due to deficiency of vitamin D rickets occur.
Q.20. Which vitamin is synthesised in our body when sunrays fall on the body?
Ans. Vitamin D is synthesised in body when sun rays fall straight on the body.

Q.21. Which vitamin can be synthesised in our body?

Ans. Vitamin D and vitamin K can be synthesised in our body.
Q.22. Which deficiency disease occurs due to deficiency of iron?
Ans. Anemia occurs due to deficiency of iron.
Chapter-3:
Q 23 Which organ performs the function of anchoring the plant into the soil?
Ans. Roots performs the function of anchoring the plant into the soil.
Q 24 What are absorbed from the soil through the roots of plant?
Ans. Water and mineral salts are absorbed from the soil through the roots of plant.
Q 25 What are stilt roots?
Ans. Adventitious roots seen on the stem of some plants which provides mechanical support are called
stilt roots eg. Sugar cane and maize.
Q 26 Which gas makes supernatant of limewater milky?
Ans. Carbon - dioxide makes supernatant of limewater milky.
Q 27 Give five examples of underground stems?
Ans. The underground stems are potato, ginger, turmeric, amorphophallus and corn of colocasia.
Q 28 In which plants stem perform a function of food synthesis?
Ans. In opuntia stem plants perform a function of food synthesis
Q 29 Which gas is utilized and which gas is set free in the process of respiration?
Ans. Oxygen gas is utilized and carbon-dioxide gas is set free in the process of respiration
Q30 What are small pore-like structures occurring on surfaces of plant called?
Ans. Small pore-like structures occurring on surfaces of plant are called stomata.
Q31 Write names of components essential for the process of photosynthesis.
Ans. The components essential for the process of photosynthesis are carbon-dioxide, water, sunlight and
chloroplast.
Q32 Give two examples of food-storing leaf.
Ans. Onion, garlic and cabbage are the two examples of food-storing leaf.
Chapter-4:
Q 33 What is the freezing point of the water?
Ans. 00 C is the freezing point of water.
Q 34 Which Instrument is used for electrolysis of water?
Ans. Volta metre is used for electrolyses of water.
Q 35 Which gas is produced at cathode (negative pole) by electrolysis of water?
Ans. Hydrogen gas is produced at cathode (negative pole) by electrolysis of water.
Q 36 At which pole do we get oxygen gas during electrolysis of water?
Ans. We get oxygen at anode (positive pole) during electrolysis of water.
Q 37 Which instrument is used for removing dissolved impurities in drinking water?
Ans. RO plant is used for removing dissolved impurities in drinking water.
Q 38 Which solvent is considered as a universal solvent?
Ans. Water is considered as a universal solvent.
Q 39 Write four solid substances that are soluble in water?
Ans. Sugar, salt, alum, washing-soda are 4 solid substances that are soluble in water.
Q 40 Which instruments are used to purify water nowadays?
Ans. Nowadays we use aquaguard, RO plant , water filter and modern filter vessels to purify water. In
big cities there are water treatment purification plants.
Chapter-5:
Q.41 What is ploughing?
Ans. The method of making soil soft and porous and turning it upside down with plough before sowing
seeds is called ploughing.
Q.42 Which implement is mainly used for sowing?
Ans. Drill is mainly used for sowing.

Q.43 Give the name of an equipment used to remove weeds?

Ans. Equipments used to remove weeds are khurpi, sickle, and hoe.
Q.44 Fertilizers containing which nutrient is not required for leguminous plants?
Ans. Fertilizer containing nitrogen is not required for leguminous plants.
Q.45 Give the name of one insecticide sprayed over crops?
Ans. Malathion and BHC (Benzene Hexa Chloride).
Q.46 What is called intercropping?
Ans. The raising of two or more crops on the same land in alternate rows is called intercropping.
Q.47 In which irrigation method does maximum wastage of water occurs?
Ans. In channel irrigation method maximum wastage of water occurs.
Q.48 Which irrigation method should be used in arid regions where there is water scarcity?
Ans. Drip irrigation method should be used in arid regions where there is water scarcity.
Chapter-6:
Q 49 Name the scientist who first gave the information about the cell?
Ans. Scientist Robert Hook gave the information about the cell.
Q 50 Which instrument is used to observe the cell?
Ans. Microscope is used to observe the cell.
Q 51 Which instrument is used to observe ultra-microscopic organelle present in the cell?
Ans. Electron-Microscope is used to obverse ultra-microscopic organelle present in the cell.
Q 52 What is the cell wall in the plant cell made up of?
Ans. The cell wall in the plant cell is made up of cellulose.
Q 53 Who regulates the various processes occurring in the cell?
Ans. Nucleus regulates the various processes occurring in the cell.
Q 54 Which is the centre for biological processes in the cell?
Ans. Cytoplasm is the centre for biological processes in the cell.
Q 55 Which organelle of the cell regulates the transport of different materials entering or leaving the
cell?
Ans. Cell membrane regulates the transport of different materials entering or leaving the cell.
Q 56 Which organelle of the cell possesses digestive enzymes?
Ans. Lysosome possesses digestive enzymes.
Q 57 Which stain is used to observe the nucleus of the onion cell clearly?
Ans. Methylene blue is used to observe the nucleus of the onion cell clearly.
Chapter-7:
Q.58 Which type of motion is the motion of a spinning top?
Ans. Circular motion is the motion of a spinning top.
Q.59 Which type of motion is the motion of a pendulum of the clock?
Ans. Oscillatory motion is the motion of a pendulum of the clock.
Q.60 What is called periodic motion?
Ans. The motion of an object completing one revolution in a certain time interval is called periodic
motion.
Q.61 State two units of speed.
Ans. Two units of speed are:
1) Kilometre per hour.
2) Meter per second.
Q.62 What can you say about speed of an object that takes less time to travel the definite distance?
Ans. We can say that speed is more of an object that takes less time to travel the definite distance.
Q.63 What is to be done to move the table in the classroom?
Ans. We have to apply force (push or pull) to move the table in the classroom.
Q.64 What is the falling of a fruit from the tree to ground due to?
Ans. The falling of a fruit from the tree to ground is due to gravitational force.
Q.65 What is the force opposing a motion of a moving body called?
Ans. The force opposing a motion of a moving body is called frictional force.

Q.66 Why is there wear and tear in the soles of footwear after prolong use?
Ans. There is wear and tear in the soles of footwear after prolonged use because of the frictional force
produced between the ground and the footwear.
Q.67 Why is more force applied to ride bicycle on rough road?
Ans. More force is applied to ride bicycle on rough road because on rough surface more friction is
produced between the surface and wheel of the bicycle.
Chapter-8:
Q 68 From which organ does the digestion of food begin?
Ans. The digestion of food begins from the buccal cavity.
Q 69 Which enzyme does saliva contain?
Ans. Saliva contains an enzyme called ptyalin.
Q 70 What is the body surface part around the stomach called?
Ans. The body surface part around the stomach is called abdomen.
Q 71 What is the proximal region of small intestine called?
Ans. The proximal region of small intestine is called Duodenum.
Q 72 How many metres is the approximate length of small intestine?
Ans. The approximate length of small intestine is seven meters.
Q 73 In which organ is the process of digestion of food complete?
Ans. The process of digestion of food is complete in small intestine.
Q 74 From where is bile produced?
Ans. Liver secretes bile.
Q 75 Which are accessory digestive organs?
Ans. Accessory digestive organs are liver and pancreas.
Q 76 Which digestive juices are mixed with food when it comes into duodenum?
Ans. Bile and pancreatic juices are mixed with food when it comes into duodenum.
Q 77 What is trachea made up of?
Ans. Trachea is made up of C shaped incomplete rings of cartilage.
Q 78 What is the lower end of trachea getting divided into two parts called?
Ans. The lower end of trachea getting divided into two parts is called bronchi.
Q 79 How many lungs are there in our body?
Ans. There are two lungs in our body.
Q 80 State the name of a muscular partition (septum) which separates thoracic cavity and abdominal
cavity?
Ans. The name of a muscular partition (septum) which separates thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity
are diaphragm.
Q 81 What is the average number of pulse beats per minute in normal condition of an adult individual?
Ans. The average number of pulse beats per minute in normal condition of an adult individual is 70 to
72 times.
Q 82 What are the lower chambers of heart called?
Ans. The lower chambers of heart are called ventricles.
Q 83 Which valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle?
Ans. Bicuspid valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle.
Q 84 Where does blood of right atrium of the heart move?
Ans. The blood of right atrium of the heart move to the right ventricle.
Q 85 In which chamber of heart does the deoxygenated (impure) blood come from the different parts of the
body?
Ans. The deoxygenated (impure) blood come from the different parts of the body in right atrium.
Q 86 Where does the blood of right atrium of the heart move due to contraction of ventricles?
Ans. Blood of right atrium of the heart moves into the right ventricle due to contraction of ventricles.
Define

Chapter-1:
1. Magnetic field:
Ans. The space in which magnet can attract objects of iron is called magnetic field of magnet.
2. Magnetic field lines:
Ans. Spreading iron fillings uniformly and tapping slowly, iron fillings will arrange themselves in a curve
shape in a definite pattern. This pattern arranged around the magnet is called magnetic field lines.
Chapter-2:
3. Balanced diet:
Ans. The food that can provide necessary energy and all sufficient nutrients of the diet to the body is called
balanced diet.
4. Deficiency diseases:
Ans. Diseases caused by incomplete diet are called deficiency diseases.
Chapter-3:
5. Photosynthesis:
Ans. A process by which green plants make food in the form of starch using carbon-dioxide and water in
the presence of sunlight is called photosynthesis.
6. Transpiration:
Ans. The process in which plants lose excess water in the form of water vapour through stomata present in
the leaves is called transpiration.
Chapter-4:
7. Soft water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in less proportion is called soft water.
8. Hard water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in more proportion is called hard water.
9. Solvent:
Ans. A liquid in which a substance can dissolve is called a solvent.
10.Solute:
Ans. A substance which dissolves in liquid is called solute.
11. Solution:
Ans. A homogenous mixture of solvent and solute is known as solution.

Chapter-5:
12. Weed:
Ans. Undesirable plants growing with the main crop sown in the soil is called weed.
13. Fertilizers:
Ans. Plants obtain one or more required nutrients from substances added in the soil. Such substances are
called fertilizers.
14. Irrigation:
Ans. The method of supplying water to the grown crops is called irrigation.
Chapter-6:
15. Cell:
Ans. Cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organism.
16. Tissue:
Ans. Group of cells performing a definite function form a tissue.
17. Unicellular organism:
Ans. The organisms whose body contains only one cell is called Unicellular organism.

18. Multicellular organism:

Ans. The organisms whose body contains more than one cell is called Multi-cellular organism.
Chapter-7:
19. Speed:
Ans. The distance travelled by an object per unit time is called its speed.
20. Force:
Ans. The external effect which changes the position of an object is called force.
21. Gravitational:
Ans. The force due to which all objects are attracted towards the earth is called gravitational force.
22. Frictional force:
Ans. When any object moves on any surface the force exerted on it, which opposes its motion is called
frictional force.
Chapter-8:
23. Digestion:
Ans. The process of converting complex food substance into simple substance is called digestion.
24. Exhalation:
Ans. The process of throwing out air from the lungs through nose is called exhalation.
Answer in Brief
Chapter-1:
Q 1 Why does a suspended bar magnet which rotates freely comes to rest in the north south
direction?
Ans.1) The earth behaves like a magnet. The magnetic south pole of the earth is near its geographical
north pole.
2) Unlike poles attract each other. The magnetic south pole of earth attracts the north pole of the freely
suspended magnet. So the north pole of the magnet becomes steady towards the magnetic south pole of
the earth that is in north direction of the earth. Hence the bar magnet comes to rest in the north south
direction.
Q 2 Explain magnetic field lines of a magnet by drawing a figure.
Ans. 1) Take a white chart paper.
2) Place it on a table.
3) Place a bar magnet on the paper.
4) Spread iron fillings uniformly on the paper.
5) Now tap it slowly with finger. Iron fillings will arrange themselves in curved lines as shown in the
figure.
6) This pattern arranged around the magnet is called magnetic field lines.
Q 3 What is the difference in domain of iron and that of magnet.
Ans. In iron domain are arranged randomly, while in magnet domains are arranged systematically in
the same direction.
Q 4 How does the magnetism of a magnet get destroyed.
Ans. The magnetism of a magnet is destroyed :
1) When it falls from great height.
2) When it is heated.
3) When it is hammered.
4) When likes poles are kept together for long time.
Q 5 State six household items in which magnet is used.
Ans. Six household items in which magnet is used are T.V. Dish Washer, Computer, Door Bell, Music
System, compass box ,toys, purse etc.
Chapter-2:

Q 6 State the constituents of diet.

Ans. The constituents of diet are Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water.
Q 7 Which foods supply carbohydrates to us? OR State the sources of carbohydrates.
Ans. 1) Cereals such as wheat, bajri, rice, jowar, maize, etc.
2) Bulbs such as potatoes, sweet potato, beet.
3) Sweet fruits such as banana chickoo, etc.
4) Sweet food such as sugarcane, jaggery, honey, sugar, etc. supply carbohydrates to us.
8) How are carbohydrates and fats useful to us?
Ans. Carbohydrates and fats provide energy and heat to our body.
9) State the sources of fats (lipids).
Ans. The sources of fats are groundnut, coconut, almonds, cotton seeds, ghee, butter, cheese, eggs,
milk, fish, and cashew nuts.
Q 10 Mention the importance of fats.
Ans. 1) Fats provides energy and heat to our body. Compared to carbohydrates, fat provides double
or more than double energy.
2) It plays an important role in the constituent of cells and muscles.
3) Additional fat gets deposited under our skin and it is utilized at the time of requirement of body.
4) It is essential for the absorption of fat soluble vitamins such as Vitamin A,D,E,K.
Q 11 State the sources of proteins.
Ans. The sources of proteins are milk, paneer, egg, fish, butter, meat. All type of pulses contain
proteins. Soya bean provides large amount of protein.
Q 12 State the importance of proteins.
Ans. The importance of proteins is;
For the constitution of cell as well as tissue.
For the constituent of enzymes required to catalyse biochemical processes in our body.
For muscle contraction.
To provide immune power against disease.

In the constitution of hormones.

To transport various constituents through blood.
Q 13 State the important minerals available from our diet.
Ans. Calcium, Iron, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Iodine are the important minerals available from our diet.
Q 14 State any four types of vitamins and state the disease caused due to their deficiency.
Ans. 1) Vitamin A - Diseases related with eye.
2) Vitamin B - Beriberi
3) Vitamin C Scurvy
4) Vitamin D - Rickets, Osteomalacia
Q 15 State the importance of water in our body.
Ans. The importance of water in our body is;

It is required for biochemical reactions running within the body.

It transports gases, nutrients, and excretory substances in the body.
It maintains the temperature of the body
Q 16 State the sources of following diet.
Ans. 1) Mineral Salts We get from green leafy vegetables, fruits, milk, dry fruits, sea food, meat.
2) Vitamins We get it from milk, green leafy, vegetables, eggs, carrots, tomatoes, pea ,soya bean,
lemon, sunlight.
Q 17 State how the following mineral salts are useful to our body.
Ans. 1) Calcium Essential for the constitution of bones and teeth.
2) Iron Essential as a constituent of haemoglobin.
3) Phosphorus For the structure of teeth and bones.

4) Iodine For the synthesis of thyroxine hormone.

Q 18 State the chemical test to detect the presence of carbohydrate in the edible food substances.
Ans. 1) Take a sample of cooked rice, dal, chapatti, potato, etc.
2) Now add 2 or 3 drops of iodine solution on it with the help of dropper.
3) Cooked rice, chapatti, potato become dark blue or black in colour, so they contain carbohydrates
while dal does not show any colour change so it does not contain carbohydrates.
Q 19 State the chemical test to detect the presence of protein in the edible food substances.
Ans.1) Grind the gram seeds.
2) Add 10-12 drops of solution of caustic soda on it.
3) Then add 2-3 drops of blue vitriol solution
4) The gram seed will turn purple in colour. This shows that gram seed contains proteins.
Q 20 What is meant by deficiency disease? State the name of deficiency disease.
Ans. If one constituent is missing for a long time in our diet then it invites deficiency based diseases.
Deficiency diseases are Marasmus, Kwashiorkor, Goitre, Anaemia, Colour Blindness, Pellagra,
Beriberi, Scurvy, Rickets, and Bleeding.
Chapter-3:
Q 21 Write normal functions of roots.
Ans. Normal functions of roots are;
Anchors the plant into soil.
Absorbs mineral and water from the soil.
Q 22 Write special functions of roots with examples.
Ans. Special functions of roots with examples are;
1) Some roots store food, example radish, carrot.
2) Some plants show prop roots or stilt roots which provide mechanical support to stem, eg banyan tree,
maize, sugarcane, etc.
Q 23 Write four normal functions of stem.
Ans. Four normal functions of stem are;
1) Conduction of water and mineral salts absorbed by root.
2) Arrange leaves in such a way that they can get enough sunlight.
3) Provides mechanical strength to the plant to stand erect.
4) Conduction of food produced by leaves.
Q 24 Write special functions of stems with examples.
Ans. Special functions of stems are;
1) Storage of food, eg potato, ginger.
2) Food production, eg opuntia, cactus and asparagus.
3) Climbing, eg grapes, money plant.
Q 25 Write normal functions of leaf.
Ans. Normal functions of leaf are;
1) Performs respiration.
2) Performs transpiration.
3) Produces own food through photosynthesis.
Q 26 Write special functions of leaf with example.
Ans. The special functions of leaf with example are
Storage of food. eg cabbage, onion, garlic.
Protection. eg Opuntia.
Chapter-4:
Q 27 Write the physical properties of water?
Ans. The physical properties of water are;
1) Water is colourless, odourless, tasteless.
2) It is a transparent liquid at normal temperature

3) It is in liquid form.
4) At 00 C water solidifies and turns into solid.
5) At 1000 C water turns into vapour.
6) Ice is lighter than water.
Q 28 Mention the chemical properties of water?
Ans. The chemical properties of water are;
1) Water is compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
2) Its molecular formula is H2O.
3) It contains hydrogen and oxygen with ratio of 2:1
4) It is a universal solvent, which can dissolve most of the substances.
Q 29 Mention main impurities of water?
Ans. Main impurities of water are;
1 Non-dissolved impurity.
2 Dissolved impurities.
3 Impurities of micro-organism.
Q 30 Water available in nature is never pure. Why?
Ans. Water available in nature is never pure because it is a universal solvent which can dissolve most of
the substances which are in solid, liquid or gaseous form.
Q 31 Describe types of hardness in water?
Ans. There are 2 types of hardness and they are as follows:
1) Permanent hardness - Water in which chlorides of calcium and magnesium and sulphate salts are dissolved
and hardness caused due to them is called permanent hardness
2) Temporary hardness- Water in which bicarbonate salts of calcium and magnesium are dissolved and
hardness caused due to them is called temporary hardness. This hardness can be removed by boiling or
filtering.
Q 32 Mention the methods to purify water?
Ans. The methods to purify water are as follows1) Water can be purified by boiling, filtering and decanting.
2) Alum is used to purify muddy water.
3) Impurities of micro- organism can be removed by boiling or by adding bleaching powder and
chlorine tablets.
Chapter-5:
Q 33 What are the benefits of soil-testing?
Ans. The benefits of soil testing are
1) One can know the proportion of nutrients in the soil.
2) One can know which crop should be taken.
3) One can know which nutrients should be added so that crop production increases.
4) One can know water holding capacity of the soil can be known.
Q 34 What are the benefits of ploughing?
Ans. The benefits of ploughing are
1) Soil becomes soft.
2) Air circulation increases in the soil.
3) Sown seeds grow easily.
4) Ploughing makes the soil upside down so nutrients of fertilizer mix up properly and fertility is
maintained.
Q 35 What precautions should be taken at the time of sowing?
Ans. Following precautions should be taken at the time of sowing;
1) Seeds should be sown at proper depth so more sprouts develop.
2) Sowing should always be done in transverse direction of slope. Soil erosion is prevented by doing
so.
3) Sowing should not be done very close to each other, so that growing crop can get sufficient light,
water and air.
Q 36 Which harmful effects does a crop bear due to weeds?

Ans. 1) Nutrients for the main crops are absorbed by the weeds.
2) Required nutrients are not available in sufficient quantity to the main crops.
3) Weeds compete with main crops for sunlight and water.
4) Yield of crop decreases.
Q 37 Which steps can be taken to remove the weeds?
Ans. Steps taken to remove the weeds are;
1) Khurpi, sickle, hoe should be used to remove weeds.
2) Weeds can be removed by inter-ploughing with harrow.
3) Weedicides can be used to remove weeds.
Q 38 What is rotation of crops? Why is it required?
Ans. Instead of cultivating same type of crop every year, pulse and other crops are cultivated
alternately. This is called rotation of crops. Single types of nutrients are not used from soil due to
rotation of crops. So fertility of soil is maintained.
Q 39 What are the benefits of intercropping?
Ans. The benefits of an intercropping are;
1) If one crop fails, the other may grow better.
2) When two or more crops are grown together economic need of farmer is satisfied.
3) Fertility of soil can be maintained.
Q 40 Give the names of natural fertilizers.
Ans. 1) Dung manure.
2) Composed manure.
3) Green manure.
4) Oil seed Cake manure.
5) Fertilizer obtained from biogas plant.
Q 41 Mention the benefits of natural fertilizers.
Ans. 1) Improves composition of soil.
2) Improves moisture holding capacity.
3) All nutrients are available to plants.
4) Soil fertility and production efficiency of crop increases
5) The effect of natural fertilizers are retained for a longer time, so you do not need to add it often.
6) These fertilizers do not wash out easily with rain water as it is insoluble in water.
7) It is relatively economic.
Q 42 What are the benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers?
Ans. The benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers are:
1) As chemical fertilizers are water soluble, necessary nutrients are obtained rapidly by plants and
hence crop production increases.
2) Besides this, such chemical fertilizers can be given according to which nutrients are needed in
soil.
Q 43 What is soil erosion? State the natural factors effecting the soil erosion?
Ans. The process of removal of soil particles from upper layer of soil, far away, due to wind, rain or
heavy flow of water is called soil erosion. Incomplete
Q 44 What is an irrigation? Mention the methods of irrigation.
Ans. A method of supplying water to the grown crop is called irrigation. The methods of irrigation
are
1)
Dhoria (Channel irrigation)
2)
Earthern pot irrigation.
3)
Drip irrigation method.
Chapter-6:
Q 45 Why is cell considered as a structural and functional unit of the living organism?
Ans. (1) Cell is the basic unit of organisms body.
(2) A unicellular organism is made up of only one cell.
(3) The body of multi-cellular organism is made of many cells.

(4) Thus cell is the structure unit of the result of processes running within the cell.
(5) Thus cell is the functional unit of organism.
Q 46 State the various organelles of cytoplasm.
Ans. The various organelles of cytoplasm are:
(1) Cell membrane. (2) Endoplasmic reticulum.
(3) Ribosome. (4) Golgi body.
(only in animal cell).
(6) Lysosome. (7) Mitochondrion.
(8) Chloroplast

(5) Centriole

Q 47 State the function of following organelles:

Ans. 1. Mitochondrion: Produces energy required for the metabolism. This energy is stored in the form
of A.T.P. Hence it is known as the powerhouse of cell.
2.Ribosome: Protein synthesis occurs on its surface.
Q 48 State the function of cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum.
Ans. Cell membrane regulates the transportation of different material coming to cell or going out of the
cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum. They are related to the synthesis of proteins. It secretes protein and steroid type
of hormones.
Chapter-7:
Q 49 When is it said that body is in motion?
Ans. When any object continuously changes its position with respect to any stationary object then
that body is in motion.
Q 50 State any four effects of force.
Ans. Effects of force are;
1) Stationary objects can be moved
2) The speed of a moving object can be increased or decreased.
3) Direction of motion can be changed
4) The shape of the object can be changed.
5) The motion of an object can be stopped.
Q 51 State various types of forces.
Ans. There are four types of forces. They are;
1) Muscular force
2) Magnetic force
3) Gravitational force
4) Frictional force.
Q 52 State four advantages of frictional force.
Ans. Four advantages of frictional force are;
1) We can walk on the road.
2) We can draw a picture
3) We can light a match stick.
4) We can fix a nail
5) We can apply brakes to the cycle.
Q 53 State disadvantages of frictional force.
Ans. Disadvantages of frictional force are
1) There is wear and tear in soles of foot wear.
2) There is wear and tear in the surface of the tyres of the vehicles. So after some time the tyres
have to be changed.
3) There is wear and tear in moving parts of the machine.
Chapter-8:
Q 54 Write names of organs of digestive system?
Ans. The names of organs of digestive system are:
Mouth/Buccal cavity, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum and Anus are
main digestive organs. Liver and pancreas are accessory digestive organ.

Q 55 How is Buccal Cavity helpful in digestion of food?

Ans. Tongue moves the food in buccal cavity. Teeth chew the food and convert it into small parts.
Salivary glands mix saliva when food is chewed. It contains enzymes ptyalin. Ptyalin partially
converts starch into sugar. Thus digestion of food begins from buccal cavity
Q 56 Explain the process of digestion occurring in stomach.
Ans. When food comes into stomach, gastric juice mixes with it. Due to contraction and relaxation
of the muscles of stomach the food is churned well and semisolid homogenous mixture is formed.
Proteins are partially digested in stomach. This mixture moves into small intestine from stomach.
Q 57 State the structural components of human blood. Write the function of each component.
Ans. The structural component of human blood and their functions are as follows:
1) Red blood Corpuscles (R.B.C.s)-They help to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in body.
2) White blood corpuscles (W.B.C.s)-They protect the body against diseases.
3) Blood Platelets (Thrombocytes)-They help in process of clotting of blood.
4) Blood Plasma-It transports nutrients in the body.
Q 58 State the function of blood.
Ans. 1) Blood transports the nutritive substance of the food, oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.
2) It protects the body against diseases with the help of white blood corpuscles.
3) It prevents bleeding by blood clotting when wound occurs.
4) It maintains the body temperature.
Give Reasons
Chapter-1:
1. A magnetic needle is used in magnetic compass because ,1) It is used to identify directions in
aeroplane, steamer and desert etc. 2)A magnetic needle free to rotate in horizontal plane shows north
south direction.3) Thus using a magnetic needle , the direction can be decided with the magnetic
compass. Hence magnetic needle is used in magnetic compass.
2. By rubbing a magnet on an iron needle for some time the needle becomes a magnet because
innumerable magnet domains are arranged randomly in ordinary iron piece. When we rub the magnet
on iron needle for some time all the domain come in one direction under the influence of magnetic field
of magnet. Due to this needle behaves like a magnet.
Chapter-2:
3. Green leafy vegetables should be taken in diet because 1) They provide necessary mineral
substances and vitamins in adequate proportion to the body.2) Moreover the fibres contained in green
leafy vegetables help in the proper digestion of food as well as in the proper advancement of food in the
digestive tract.
4. Small children should be given protein rich diet because 1) the bodies of small children grow
rapidly and new tissues are formed during the growth for which proteins are necessary. 2) For
regulation of biological processes in the body .3) For protection against infections and diseases.
5. Children should be allowed to play in mild sunlight because 1)Mild sunlight contains vitamin D
which is essential for the growth and strength of bones.2) When the sunrays fall on the skin vitamin D is
synthesized beneath the skin. 3) Deficiency of vitamin D in children causes disease like rickets.
6. Milk is considered a complete diet because 1)The food which contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
minerals, vitamins etc is called balanced diet.2) Milk contains all the necessary constituents of diet
except vitamin C .3) If only milk is taken it supplies almost all required components of balanced diet
for nutrition of body. So milk is considered a complete diet.
Chapter-3:
7. The leaf is called the kitchen of the plant because green leaf prepares food for the plant with
the help of chloroplast, carbon-dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.

8. Though amorphophallus grows in the soil, it is a stem because it has nodes, internodes and thin
scaly leaves on it. Their structure is like that of a stem. It grows underground so it is called underground
stem.
9. The leaves of opuntia are modified into spines because opuntia plant grows in desert where there
is scarcity of water .So to reduce the loss of water by transpiration, leaves of opuntia are modified into
spines.
10. One feels cool under the dense tree during midday because
1) Trees give us shade.
2) The stomata present on the leaves give out extra water in the form of water vapour by the process of
transpiration.
3) As a result the surrounding atmosphere remains cool.
Chapter-4:
11. It is not advisable to use hard water in the boiler because
1) When the water is boiled the layer of salt is deposited in its inner surface.
2) This layer is a bad conductor of a light. So a large quantity fuel is required to boil the water in the
boiler. More over this layer of salt corrodes the boiler which can cause accidents.
12) During electrolyses of water, few drops of sulphuric acid are added to water because
1) Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity.
2) By adding few drops of sulphuric acid in the water it becomes a good conductor of electricity.
13) During epidemics water should be used after boiling and then cooling because
1 By boiling, the micro-organisms in the water, get destroyed and water becomes free from germs.
2 The boiled water is filtered and then cooled.
Chapter-5:
14) Rotation of crop should be done- because 1) If a single crop is taken repeatedly specific
nutrient needed by the crop are constantly absorbed from the soil. 2) So the proportion of those
nutrients decreases and production of crop also decreases. 3) Soil efficiency of crops is
maintained due to rotation of crops. So crops of pulses and cereals are taken alternately. 4) By
growing crops of pulse, fixation of nitrogen occurs due to rhizobium bacteria found in its roots
which increases the fertility of soil. 5) Crop rotation also controls the harmful pest of crops.
15) Use of chemical fertilizers should be reduced - because 1) Soil composition are spoilt due to
excessive use of chemical fertilizers
2) Sometimes crops may be destroyed or crop production is reduced due to more use of
chemical fertilizers.
3) Soil pollution occurs due to the effect of chemical fertilizer as well as the useful microorganisms occurring in the soil are destroyed.
16) Soil erosion is less in the forest area- because 1) In the forest area there are dense trees. 2) The
cover of dense trees on land can tolerate the blow of heavy rainfall. 3) The root system of trees
binds the soil particles firmly with one another. 4) Due to trees the flow of wind and water
becomes slow.
17) Trees should be grown around the fields -because 1) By growing the trees around they field they
withstand the blow of rain in monsoon. 2) The roots of trees bind the fertile soil particles together.3)
So the fertile soil particles are not washed away from the field by the flow of water or wind. 4) So
the soil is protected.
Chapter-6:
18) Mitochondrion is called the powerhouse of a cell-because 1)
Mitochondrion produces energy necessary for metabolism. (2) This energy is stored in the form
of A.T.P. molecules. (3) So due to energy produced in mitochondrion it is called the powerhouse
of a cell.
19) Chloroplast is called the kitchen of a cell-because chloroplast contains chlorophyll. It produces
the organic food in the form of starch with the help of air, water in presence of sunlight by the
process of photosynthesis.

Chapter-7:
20) The moving vehicles stop on applying the brakes- because when brakes are applied frictional
force is produced between the run of the wheel of the bicycle and brakes, due to which the
vehicle slows down and ultimately stops.
21) A person slips, if one steps on a banana skin-because 1. Due to the friction between the
surface of the road and soles of the feet a person can walk easily. 2. If the surface becomes
smooth then frictional force decreases 3 As the banana skin is sticky, it is very smooth .4 So
when one steps on a banana skin, the required frictional force between ground and foot for
walking is not produced. Hence, a person slips, if one steps on a banana skin.
Chapter-8:
22) One should chew the food as much as possible because:
By chewing the food, it is broken into very small fragments and sufficient amount of saliva gets
mixed with it.
So the food becomes soft and smooth.
Then enzyme Ptyalin, contained in the saliva, converts starch into simple sugar.
23) Air should be inhaled through nose only because:
1. There are very fine hair in the nose.
2. A Slimy substance, called mucus, is secreted in the nose.
3. The hair and mucus prevent the dust particles and bacteria of the air to go further in the
respiratory tract.
4. By inhalation through nose, the outer atmosphere air gets filtered and warmed before entering the
lungs. Hence, air should be inhaled through nose only.
24) WBC of the blood are our microscope soldier because:
1.
The WBC of the blood performs the function of protecting our body against diseases.
2.
WBC fight against the germs of various diseases which have entered our body and destroy them,
thereby protecting our body against diseases.
Thus the WBC performs the function of fighting against the germs and thus acts like soldiers. As
they are very small in size, they are called the microscopic soldier of the body.
Classify
Chapter-3:
1. Classify the following into food storing root and food storing stem.
(potato, sweet potato, ginger, beet, radish, turmeric, yam (ratalu), amorphophallus, carrot)
Food storing root: sweet potato, beet, radish, carrot
Food storing stem: potato, ginger, turmeric, amorphophallus,yam.
Chapter-4:
2. Classify the following into solvent, solute and solution.
(common salt, solution of common salt, sugar, solution of sugar, alum, water, kerosene,
carbon-dioxide, soda water)
Solvent: water, kerosene.
Solute: common salt, sugar, alum, carbon-dioxide.
Solution: solution of common salt, solution of sugar, soda water
Chapter-6:
3. Classify into unicellular organisms &multicellular organisms.
(Yeast, Euglena, Fern, Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Paramoecium, Ant, Onion, Mosquito)
Unicellular organisms: Yeast, Euglena, Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Parmoecium.
Multicellular organisms: Fern, Ant, Onion, Mosquito.
Chapter-7:

4. Classify into Linear motion, Circular motion and Oscillatory motion.

Linear motion - Motion of light rays, motion of a fruit falling from the tree, motion of a
bullet fired from a gun, motion of a stone falling from a height on the earth.
Circular motion- Motion of a merry of a merry go round, motion of artificial satellite
revolving around the earth, motion of a top, motion of wheels of a bicycle, motion of
hands of clock.
Oscillatory motion motion of a swing, motion of a cradle, motion of a pendulum
clock, motion of wings of a flying bird, motion of hands of a runner.
Chapter-8:
5. Classify into organs of digestive system, organs of respiratory system and organs of
circulatory system.
Organs of digestive system: Stomach, Pancreas, buccal cavity.
Organs of Respiratory system: Lungs, Diaphragm, Nose.
Organs of circulatory system: Heart, Vein, Blood capillaries.
Distinguish
Chapter-1:
(1) Artificial magnet and electro magnet.
Artificial magnet: 1. It is made by rubbing a magnet over an iron strip in one direction only.
2.In this magnet the properties of magnetism are retained for a long time.
3. It is used in magnetic compass, dynamos, electric motors etc.
Electro magnet: 1. It is made by passing an electric current through an insulated copper wire
wrapped on an iron strip.
2. In this magnet the properties of magnetism are retained only till the electric current is passed.
3.
It is used in electric bells, telegram, and crane for transportation of heavy iron objects.
Chapter-2:
2. Carbohydrates and fats.
Carbohydrates: 1. They are obtained from cereals such as wheat, rice, bajari and sweet food
substances such as sugar, jaggery.
2. They give less energy compared to fats.
Fats: 1. They are obtained from fatty substances such as milk, butter, ground nut and oil.
2.They give double energy compared to carbohydrates.
3.Vitamin C and vitamin D.
Vitamin C: 1. It is obtained from citrus fruits such as lemon, sweet lime, amla.
2. Scurvy occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin C.
3. It cannot be synthesized in our body.
Vitamin D: 1. It is obtained from milk, butter, fish, eggs, sunlight.
2. Rickets and osteomalacia occurs due to deficiency of vitamin D.
3. It can be synthesized in our body.
Chapter-4:
4. Soft water and hard water.
Soft water: 1. The proportion of salt is less in soft water.
2. It gives more lather with soap.
3. It can be used in industries.
Hard water: 1. The proportion of salt is more in hard water.

2. It gives less lather with soap.

3.It cannot be used in industries and for domestic purposes.
Chapter-5:
5.Natural fertilizer and Chemical fertilizer
Natural fertilizer: 1) It is formed from the residue of animals and plants.
2) Physical composition of soil improves by it.
3) Its effect in soil remains for long time. So it is not to be added in soil often
Chemical fertilizer: 1) It is prepared from mineral element or in a factory by chemical
process.
2) Physical composition of soil spoils by its long use.
3) Its effect in soil does not remain for long time, so it is added in soil often.
6. Dhoria irrigation method and Drip irrigation method
Dhoria irrigation method: 1) This method for irrigation is used in regions where abundance
water occurs.
2) More wastage of water occurs in it.
Drip irrigation method: 1) This method for irrigation is used in arid region.
2) Wastage of water does not occur.
Chapter-6:
7. PLANT CELL and ANIMAL CELL
Plant Cell
1}Cell wall made up of cellulose is present.
2}Chloroplast is present.
3}Large vacuoles are present in it.
4}Centriole is absent.
Animal cell
1}Cell wall is absent.
2}Chloroplast is absent.
3}Small vacuoles are present.
4}Centriole is present.
Chapter-8:
8. Small intestine and large intestine
Small intestine:
1.
It is much longer than large intestine.
2.
The digestion and absorption of food occur in it
Large intestine:
1.
It is shorter than small intestine.
2.
Only the absorption of water occurs in it.
9. Trachea and Oesophagus
Trachea:
1.
It is an organ of respirative system.
2.
It is formed of muscles and C shape rings of cartilage.
3.
It performs the function to carry air, into the lungs.
Oesophagus:
1.
It is an organ of digestive system.
2.
It is formed of muscles only.
3.
It performs a function to carry food into the stomach.
10. Artery and vein

Artery:
1.
Artery carries blood from the heart to different parts of the body.
2.
Its wall is thick and elastic.
3.
It does not have valves in it.
4.
It pulsates; hence the flow of blood is jerky.
5.
Normally the artery carries oxygenated blood
Vein:
1.
Vein carries blood from different parts of the body to the heart.
2.
Its wall is relatively thin and less elastic.
3.
I have semi lunar valves at intervals in it.
4.
It does not pulsate; hence the flow of the blood is smooth.
5.
Normally, the vein carries de-oxygenated blood.
11. RBCs and WBCs
RBCs:
1.
They are red in colour.
2.
They are smaller in size than that of WBC and have definite shape.
3.
They are helpful in transport of oxygen
4.
They are devoid of nucleus.
WBCs:
1.
They are colourless.
2.
They are larger in size than that of RBC and have irregular shape.
3.
They destroy germs of disease and there by protect the body against disease.
4.
They have a nucleus.
Answer in Detail
Chapter-1:
Q 1 Write a short note on magnetic compass with figure.
Ans. 1) It is made of cylindrical box of aluminium or brass with a glass cover.
2) There is a circular dial, where directions are marked.
3) A magnetic needle is pivoted on vertical axis such that it can rotate freely in a horizontal
plane.
4) The axis of magnetic needle is placed at the centre of box and dial.
5) A transparent glass is kept at the top of the box and box is closed.
Working To decide correct direction with the help of magnetic compass, the north pole of magnetic
needle is brought over north direction marked on the dial.

Chapter-4:
Q 2 How can hard water be made soft water?
Ans. Methods of making hard water into soft water are:
1. To remove different salts which are dissolved in hard water , the water should be boiled. By doing
so, the dissolved salts are converted into un dissolved salts.
2. Doing this, some of the salts settle at bottom and some of the salts float on the top.

3. By filtering this water it becomes soft water.

4. By adding washing soda or borax powder in hard water it can be converted into soft water.
Chapter-5:
Q.3 How can soil erosion by water be prevented?
Ans. Soil erosion can be prevented in following ways:
1)
Grass should be grown on soil.
2)
Make strips in opposite direction of slope, if soil having slope.
3)
Cover the soil with plants.
4)
Make steps in soil. By doing this, the flow of water is slowed down.
Q.4 Write short note on: Drip irrigation method.
Ans. 1) A plastic pipe with holes at definite distances is used in this method.
2)
A pipe is arranged in such a way that the hole of pipe comes near each plant in entire field.
3)
When water is passed in pipe, each plant gets water drop by drop through the hole of
pipe.
4)
So this method is called drip irrigation method.
5)
In this method of irrigation wastage of water does not occur.
6)
Weeds do not get water, as a result weeds cannot grow.
7)
Plants can grow better because it gets enough quantity of water.
8)
This method is useful even in uneven soil, in arid region and also in hilly regions.
Chapter-8:
Q.5 Explain the process of digestion occurring in small intestine.
Ans. Food comes into small intestine from stomach. Here in duodenum, bile produced from the liver
and pancreatic juice produced from the pancreas mixes with the food. Pancreatic juice digests
undigested Carbohydrates, lipids & proteins. Bile helps pancreatic juice in digestion of lipid. Food
remains for maximum time in small intestine for digestion The villi absorbs the digestion nutrients and
they mix in blood. Undigested food moves into large intestine.
Q.6 Explain the structure and function of lungs.
Ans. 1. Structure: The two lungs are located one on either side of the heart in the thoracic cavity. The
lungs are soft like a sponge and elastic. A bronchus enters each of the lungs. A very large number of
branches arise from the bronchus in the lungs. Each of these branches is called as bronchiole. At the
terminal end of bronchiole there are alveoli appearing like a bunch of grapes. The wall of the alveoli is
extremely thin and elastic.
2. Function: Air inhaled through the nose enters into lungs through trachea. Large number of alveoli
occur in lungs. Air gets filled in it. Several blood capillaries spread like a net around the alveoli. The
wall of both being very thin exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide can occur easily. Oxygen of the air
diffuse into the blood of capillaries and carbon dioxide in the blood diffuse out into the lumen of lungs
through capillaries. During contraction of lungs, carbon dioxide in it is thrown out through trachea and
nose.
True or False
Chapter 2:
1. By adding 2-3 drops of iodine solution on carbohydrate it becomes yellowish. FALSE
2. Pulses become easily digestible if eaten after boiling them. TRUE
3. Due to deficiency of Vitamin C scurvy occurs. TRUE
4. Goitre is a deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of mineral salts TRUE
5. Pellagra is a deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of vitamin. TRUE
Chapter 3:
6. Sugar cane has stilt roots. True
7. The prop root of the banyan trees gives support to it. True
8. The food prepared by the leaves is conducted to various parts of the plant through xylem. False

9. The stem of opuntia is green. True

10. The plants release oxygen during respiration. False
Chapter 4:
11. Ice is heavier than water. False
12. Oil does not dissolve in water. True
13. Water becomes germ free on adding washing soda in water. False
14. Water is a compound. True
15. During electrolysis of water, hydrogen gas is produced at positive pole. False
Chapter 6:
16. There is cell wall in chick cell. FALSE.
17. Golgi body secretes proteins and other synthesising materials in the cell. TRUE.
18. Amoeba is a unicellular organism. TRUE.
19. There is no chlorophyll in animal cell. TRUE.
20. Tissue is a group of cells. TRUE
Chapter 8:
21. Trachea is located behind Oesophagus. False
22. Small intestine is shorter in length than large intestine. False
23. Ptyline enzyme is saliva digest starch and converts into simple sugar. True
24. The size of human heart is that of ones fist. True
25. There are valves in the arteries. False
Experiments
Chapter 1:
1) Describe the method with figure to prepare an artificial magnet of a thin iron strip.
2) Aim: To prepare an artificial magnet of a thin iron strip.
Apparatus-materials: A magnet, thin iron strip.

Figure:

Procedure: 1. Place an iron strip on the table. 2. Take a powerful bar magnet. 3. Place the north pole
of a bar magnet at end A of the strip. 4. Rub the magnet with pressure on the needle and take it to other
end B .5. From the end B lift the magnet and take it towards first end A of the magnet.6. Repeat this
for several times.7. The iron strip will become a magnet.
Chapter 3:
3) To demonstrate that root absorbs water and dissolve minerals.
AIM: To prove that root absorbs water and dissolve minerals.
Apparatus and materials: Vinca plant with white flowers and roots , red-ink ,water, beaker

Figure:

Procedure: 1. Bring a vinca plant with roots and bearing white flowers.
2. Take some water in a beaker.
3. Put some drops of red ink to make water colourful.
4. Now put the plant in the beaker in such a way that roots remain
sunken in water.
5. Observe it next day
Observation: The stem, leaves, and flowers of the plant are seen to be red in
colour
Conclusion: This experiment shows that root absorbs water and mineral salts

from soil.

4) Describe an experiment to show that the leaves of plant release car-bon-dioxide during the
process of respiration.
AIM: To show that the leaves of plant release car-bon-dioxide during the process of respiration.
Apparatus and materials: A potted plant having large green leaves, transparent polythene bag, thread,
decanted lime water, a black cloth

Figure:

Procedure: 1, Take a potted plant having large green leaves.

2, Take a cup of decanted lime water in a polythene bag.
3, Tie the polythene bag with the leaf with the help of a thread to make it air tight.

4, Cover it with a black cloth so that it does not get sunlight.

5, Observe it after 4-5 hours.
Observation: Decanted lime water in the polythene bag turns milky.
Conclusion: This experiments proves that the leaves of the plant release carbon-dioxide during the process of respiration

5) Describe an experiment explaining that plant releases water through transpiration.

Aim: To prove that plant releases water through transpiration.
Apparatus and materials: Plant with big leaves, transparent polythene bag, thread

Figure:

Procedure: 1. Take a plant having big leaves.

2

2.Tie a polythene bag on one or two leaves of the plant as shown in the figure.
3. Observe after 3-4 hours.

Observation: Several water droplets are seen on the inner surface of the bag.
Conclusion: This experiment proves that plant releases water in the form of water vapour through
transpiration.

6) Describe an experiment to show that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of
photosynthesis.
Aim: To show that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of photosynthesis.
Apparatus and materials: A plant with big leaves, thin black paper, u-pins.

Figure:
Procedure: 1. Take a potted plant with big leaves.
2. Tie thin strip of cardboard on upper and lower surface of the leaf with the help of u-pins.
3. Now keep the plant in sunlight for 1 day
4. Next day remove the cardboard and pluck the leaf
5. Wash the leaves with boiling water and then with alcohol.
6. Now put some drops of iodine solution on the entire leaf and observe the colour of the leaf
Observation: 1, On washing the leaf with boiling water and then with alcohol the green colour of leaf
disappears
2, On rubbing iodine solution over the leaf the part of the leaf other than that covered by
cardboard turns blue,
Conclusion: This experiment proves that the presence of sunlight is inevitable for the process of
photosynthesis.
Chapter 6:
7) Aim- To prepare a slide of Onion cells and observe it with the help of a compound microscope.
Apparatus and material: Compound microscope, cover slip, blade, dropper blotting paper,
water, forceps.

Figure:
Procedure: (1) Take some water in a watch glass and add 2-3drops of methylene blue. (2) Put
thin layer of onion in colourful liquid. (3) With the help of dropper put a drop of water on the
slide. (4) Cover the peel of onion with cover slip to avoid air bubbles.5) Remove the additional
water with the help of blotting paper. 6) Observe the prepared slide with the help of microscope.
OBSERVATION: A large number of rectangular cells touching each other are seen. Each cell
has a cell wall, nucleus and cytoplasm.