Circulating valve

Fuel to needle valve

Spring

Dowel

Atomizer

Needle Valve

a) Sketch the fuel injection valve used on large 2/s engine (6)
(b) Describe above sketch (6)
(c) Judge for further used (4)
(b) Fuel injection valve
Sketch shown is a fuel injection valve used in sketch shown is a fuel injection valve used in sulzer
R.T engines.
The fuel injector consists of a body and the nozzle which are secured by a nozzle nut. A dowel
pin ensure the correct position of fuel oil passage. The body consists of the spring, its compression nut
and an intermediate spindle. Surfaces between the nozzle and the body are ground and lapped to avoid
leaking. The spring can be adjusted by adjusting screw and lock nut is provided.

The circulating valve makes circulating of fuel when the engine stopped and booster pump is
running. At that time the circulating valve is seated and oil will flow through the circulating line and back
to fuel system. When the engine is running, the circulating valve is lifted by the fuel oil back pressure
and closed the Circulating line. At that time the fuel oil will flow through into the injection nozzle directly
and it is injected into combustion chamber when the pressure opens the nozzle needle valve.

(c) Judge for further used

Check the needle valve for excessive lift, sticking, scoring, distortion, and the needle valve falls
from the body at only a slight tilting angle the whole sprayer must be renewed.
Check the nozzle hole for wear, tear, choking and any distortion.
Check the cooling passage for internal corrosion.
Check the spring for broken, sticking and worn out.
Check the joint faces of the nozzle and the injector body to achieve optimum oil tightness.
Check the retaining nut has a ground surface to make a gas tight face for landing in the cylinder
head. ,
Check the whole body and assembly for wear and tear.
Re assembly the valve to be tested with a pump for spray pattern, atomization, operation
pressure and also any form of weeping, dribbling and leakages.

(a) Sketch Hydraulically operate fuel valve (6)

(b) Why they are required to be cooled (3)
(c) Write about anti dribbling arrangement of fuel valve (3)
(d) Why needle lift is kept within limit (4)
(b) Fuel valve cooling
All fuel valve need proper cooling to maintain the tip region temperature within acceptable zone to
avoid malfunction of the operation mechanism.
The cooling is insufficient may result:
Cracking of fuel oil leading to clogging of sprayer holes, sticking of needle valves and wearing
and distortion of sprayer holes. Carbon trumpets formation of or carbon petal formation on the tip around
the sprayer holes.
Over cooling may result:
Low temperature corrosion, insufficient flow quantity and too high degree of penetration.

(c) Anti dribbling arrangement

The angles of the needle valve and valve seat are cut difference about 1 to 2 to achieve point
contact. In other words weeping and dribbling has been prevented by cutting the needle angel about 2`
larger than the seat angle (60). This arrangement ensures sharp opening and closing of the fuel valve.
(d) Fuel valve needle lift
Fuel valve needle lift is required to be maintaining within limit. If valve lift is more than the amount
of specified by the markers the spring may be overstressed and probable to break. !f it is less, the fuel
may be wire drawn at full load and the combustion will be impaired because reduced injection pressure.
In all unit correct fuel valve lift ensures for, equal amount of fuel injection to each cylinder to get equal
power distribution. To get equal and constant pressure among the all fuel valves. The correct lifts will
reducing the chance of spring breakage and minimize load on the pumps and pressure pipes.