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INTRODUCTION
1. Background.
Nutritional problems are still quite vulnerable in some parts of Indonesia,
especially in the area of urban slums, areas frequently hit by drought (NTB
and NTT). Where the condition of many people who are malnourished, many
children are affected by malnutrition. Malnutrition / underweight often occur
due to an unbalanced diet, especially in terms of protein.
Protein is essential to help the growth of children, and improve their
endurance. And also the excess protein will also cause diseases, such as
obesity. So can cause diseases such as kwashiorkor, marasmus, and obesity.
Therefore, in addition to fulfilling tasks in the course "fundamentals of the
science of nutrition", the author raised the title of protein, as protein is the
most important substance that must be present in the human body. Masuh
many cases but also protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). Here the authors are interested
to learn more about about the protein.
2. Destination
a. General purpose.
That students and readers understand the importance of protein for our
body.
b. Special Purpose.
Expressing concerns about protein
Describe the levels and function of proteins for humans
Inform the students a source of protein
Explain the result and the lack of protein
Etc.
CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL REVIEW
1. Definition
The term comes from the Greek proteins proteos, which means that in the
Shaped ball.
Late in the saline solution and dilute acid.
Easy to change in temperature influences.
The concentration of salt susceptible to denaturation.
Example:
Albumin, globumin, histone, protamine.
c. Protein conjunctions.
A simple protein that bound to the material non-amino acid (prosthetic
group).
Example:
Nucleoprotein, lipoprotein, fosfoprotein, metaloprotein.
The types of protein:
a. Based component.
1. Understated protein.
A mixture consisting of mino acid.
2. Protein Complex.
Besides consisting of amino acids are also contained other components
(metals, phosphate groups, etc.).
3. Protein.
A bond between the intermediate products as a result of partial hydrolysis of
the native protein.
b. Based sources.
1. Animal Protein.
Animal origin, eg meat, milk, etc..
2. Vegetable Protein.
Derived from plants, eg maize.
Classification of proteins can also be done by fisiologiknya function,
associated with any support for the agency and for the maintenance
prtumbuhan network available:
a. Protein is perfect.
b. Protein half perfectly.
c. Protein is not perfect.
3. Chemical composition of the protein.
Protein is a macro molecule having a molecular weight between five
thousand to several million.Proteins consist of long chains of amino acids,
which are bound to one another in a peptide bond. Protein molecules is more
complex than carbohydrates and fats in terms of molecular weight and
kanekaragaman units of amino acids that make it up.
Amino acids are composed of carbon atoms bonded to one carboxyl group (COOH), an amino group (-NH2), a hydrogen atom (-H) and the radical group
2. Marasmus.
Marasmus derived from the Greek word which means wasting damage. Marasmus is generally a disease
in infants (first 12 months), because of late given extra food. This can occur due to sudden weaning, milk
substitute formula is too watery and not hygienic or frequent infections.Marasmus influential as quickly
long for mental and physical that is difficult to repair.
Marasmus is a disease and there is a lot of hunger among low socioeconomic groups in most of the
developing countries and more than kwashiorkor.
Symptoms:
- Stunted growth.
- Fat under the skin is reduced.
- The muscles are reduced and weakened.
- Closely body more affected than the size of the framework, such as: length, head circumference and
chest circumference.
- Advances such as the elderly (oldman's face).
In patients with marasmus usually no liver enlargement (hepatomegalia) and fat content and cholesterol
in the blood decreases. Body temperature is also lower than the temperature of a healthy child, and the
child lying in-active, no attention to her surroundings.
b. Due to excess protein.
Excessive protein does not benefit the body. High protein foods are usually high in fat which can lead to
obesity. High protein diet is often recommended for weight loss less reasonable.Excess can cause other
problems, especially in infants. Excess amino acids and kidney and liver to metabolize remove excess
nitrogen.
Excess protein will lead to acidosis, dehydration, diarrhea, increase in blood ammonia, blood urea
increase, and fever. This is seen in infants fed skim milk or formula with a high concentration, so that
protein intake to 6 g / kg. The recommended limit for protein consumption is twice angaka nutrition RDA)
for protein.
2. Efforts.
To overcome the shortage / excess protein, the reduction can be done as follows:
- Monitoring of nutritional status (PSG) community.
- Provision of supplementary food (PMT).
- Monitoring of iodized salt.
- Giving vitamin capsules. A
- Provision of Fe tablets.
- Data collection KADARZI.
CHAPTER IV
CLOSING
1. Conclusion.
Of the above papers, it can be concluded that the protein peulis very
important, especially for growth. Besides, protein is the main substance in
helping the development of the child. So that enough protein intake if the
child, then the child will grow sehta, away from malnutrition and the absence
of growth disorders.
3.
Moehdi,
S.
"
Ilmu
Gizi".
Penerbit
Papasinar
Sinanti.
Jakarta
2002.
http//www.google.com//gizi
buruk//2008.