2016 Pacific Typhoon Season

2016 Pacic typhoon season
The 2016 Pacic typhoon season is an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical
cyclones form in the western Pacic Ocean. The season runs throughout 2016, though most tropical cyclones typically
develop between May and October. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacic Ocean to the north of the equator
between 100E and 180th meridian. Within the northwestern Pacic Ocean, there are two separate agencies that
assign names to tropical cyclones which can often result in a cyclone having two names. The Japan Meteorological
Agency (JMA) will name a tropical cyclone should it be judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65
km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin, whilst the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in
their area of responsibility located between 135E and 115E and between 5N25N regardless of whether or not
a tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions that are monitored by the United
States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) are given a number with a W sux.
The rst system formed on May 26, making it the fth latest start for a Pacic typhoon season in the satellite era;
only the 1973, 1983, 1984 and 1998 seasons started later. However, the rst named tropical storm, Nepartak, did
not develop until July 3, making it the second latest season for a named storm to develop. Nepartaks naming tied the
record 199-day period (from December 17, 2015 to July 2, 2016) in which no named storm was active within the
basin (199798).[1]
Seasonal forecasts
During the year several national meteorological services and scientic agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones,
tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will aect a particular
country. These agencies included the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of the University College London,
PAGASA and Taiwans Central Weather Bureau. Some of the forecasts took into consideration what happened in
previous seasons and the El Nio conditions that were observed during the previous year. The rst forecast of the
year was released by PAGASA during January 2016, within its seasonal climate outlook for the period January
June.[5] The outlook noted that one to two tropical cyclones were expected between January and March, while one to
three were expected to develop or enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility between April and June.[5]
During March the Hong Kong Observatory predicted that the typhoon season in Hong Kong, would be near normal
with four to seven tropical cyclones passing within 500 km (310 mi) of the territory compared to an average of
six.[8] On May 7, Tropical Storm Risk issued its rst forecast for the season and predicted that it will be a quiet
season, with 22 tropical storms, 13 typhoons, and 6 intense typhoons developing during the year, while an ACE
Index of 217 was also forecast.[2] Ahead of the Thailand rainy season starting during May, the Thai Meteorological
Department predicted that two tropical cyclones would move near Thailand during 2016.[9] They predicted that there
was a high chance that the rst tropical cyclone, would move past northern and north-eastern Thailand during August
or September.[9] The second tropical cyclone was predicted to move past Southern Thailand during October and
November.[9] On June 28, Taiwans Central Weather Bureau predicted that between 1923 tropical storms would
develop over the basin, while two four systems were expected to aect Taiwan itself.[6]
On July 6, TSR released their second forecast for the season. They predicted mostly the same numbers as the previous
forecast, but raised the number of intense typhoons to 7.[3] PAGASA issued their second and nal forecast for the
year on July 15, within its seasonal climate outlook for the period July December.[7] The outlook noted that 511
tropical cyclones were expected between July and September, while four to nine were expected to develop or enter the
Philippine Area of Responsibility between October and December.[7] TSR issued their nal forecast for the season on
August 8, sustaining the tropical cyclone numbers, however its ACE was slightly lowered than the previous forecast.[4]
1
STORMS
Season summary
The season had a late start, as the rst tropical system developed on May 26 after six months of inactivity, making
it the fth latest season for a system to form. Four seasons started later - the 1973, 1983, 1984 and 1998 seasons.
Tropical activity throughout the basin became marginally favorable for development, and two tropical depressions
developed during June. On July 3, Nepartak became a tropical storm, making it the second-latest rst named storm
on record. Nepartaks naming tied the record 199-day period (from December 17, 2015 to July 2, 2016) in which a
named storm was inactive within the basin (with 199798, from December 22, 1997 to July 8, 1998).[1] The season
became signicantly more active in July with seven depressions and four named storms in the month.
By the end of August, three storms had hit the Japanese island of Hokkaid, the most since 1951.[10]
In September, Typhoon Meranti became the strongest typhoon in terms of pressure since Typhoon Megi in 2010,
as well as the strongest typhoon in terms of wind speed since Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, and the strongest tropical
cyclone worldwide in 2016.
3
3.1
Storms
Tropical Depression 01W
During May 26, Tropical Depression 01W developed over the northern South China Sea, about 600 km (375 mi)
to the south of Hong Kong, China.[11][12] The system subsequently moved north-westwards and slightly developed
further, before it made landfall near Yangjiang in Guangdong, China during the next day.[12] The system subsequently
quickly weakened and degenerated into an area of low pressure during May 27.[12]
The system brought squally and heavy rain to the Pearl River Delta, including parts of Hong Kong, Macau and
Guangdong province, where a bridge was destroyed by ooding and two people were injured.[12][13] At the Macau
Ferry Terminal, two passengers were injured as a vessel collided with the terminal, while there was no signicant
damage reported within Hong Kong.[12]
3.2
Tropical Depression Ambo
Early on June 26, the JMA and PAGASA reported that Tropical Depression Ambo had developed over the Philippine
Sea, about 555 km (345 mi) to the east of Manila on the island of Luzon in the Philippines.[14][15] The system
was located within an environment that was thought to be favourable for further development, with low vertical
wind shear and a fair outow.[16] However, the depressions broad low level circulation centre was moving northwestwards quickly, which meant that the circulations southern edge could not close o and was exposed.[16] The
system subsequently made landfall on Luzon in Philippines later that day, where according to PAGASA it quickly
weakened into a low pressure area.[17] However, the JMA continued to monitor the system as a tropical depression
throughout June 27, as it emerged into an unfavourable environment for further development in the South China
Sea.[18][19] The depression subsequently made landfall on Chinas Guangdong Province, before it was last noted during
June 28, as it dissipated over land.[18] Several sea-trips in the Philippine island province of Catanduanes were cancelled
with a total of seven passengers, three rolling cargoes and a sea vessel stranded at the port of Virac.[20]
3.3
Typhoon Nepartak (Butchoy)
Main article: Typhoon Nepartak (2016)

During the evening of June 30 the JMA began monitoring an area of low pressure over the eastern Caroline Islands.[21]
Over the next few days the area of disturbed weather became further organised, and by July 1 it had developed a
closed circulation.[22] The JMA upgraded the low pressure area into a tropical depression early on July 2.[23] Under
the inuence of weak steering currents and warm waters the system moved slowly northwestward. By July 3 the
JMA analyzed the depression as a tropical storm and gave it the name Nepartak.[24] During July 3 a tropical upper
tropospheric trough (TUTT) to the north of the system moved towards the west, allowing conditions in the immediate
3.4
area of Nepartak to become more favourable, facilitating steady intensication.[25] Microwave imagery revealed an
eye had developed within deep convection late on July 4, leading the JMA and JTWC to upgrade Nepartak to a
typhoon soon thereafter on July 5.[26][27] On the same day, PAGASA reported that Nepartak had entered its area of
responsibility and assigned it the local name Butchoy.[28][29]
Two people drowned on July 7 after being washed out to sea by strong winds in Taiwan.[30]
3.4
During July 14, a tropical disturbance developed about 400 km (250 mi) to the west-northwest of Guam.[31] At this
time atmospheric convection surrounding the system was aring, over the systems weak but developing low level
circulation center.[31] However, as a subtropical ridge of high pressure extended a signicant amount of dry air over
the disturbance, conditions were assessed to be marginally favorable for further development of the system.[31] Over
the next couple of days the system gradually developed further as it moved north-westwards and was classied as
a tropical depression by the JMA during July 15.[32][33] After the system had consolidated further, it was classied
as Tropical Depression 03W by the JTWC during July 17.[34] However, the system weakened during that day as it
moved polewards, along the western edge of the subtropical ridge of high pressure, into an area of increasing vertical
windshear.[34] As a result, the JTWC expected the system to quickly dissipate and issued their nal advisory later that
day.[35] However, over the next couple of days the system continued to move northwards and impacted the Ryukyu
Islands, before it was last noted by the JMA during July 20.[36][37]
3.5
Tropical Storm Lupit
During July 21, a subtropical disturbance developed at the tailend of a mid-latitude trough of low pressure, about 775
km (480 mi) to the east of Iwo-To.[38] Over the next day, deep atmospheric convection developed over the systems
elongated low level circulation, before it was classied as a tropical depression by the JMA during July 22.[38][39]
Over the next day, as the storm moved north-northeastwards around a subtropical ridge of high pressure, its structure
improved as it developed a warm core and consolidated.[40] The hybrid system was subsequently classied as Tropical
Storm 04W by the JTWC during July 23, before the JMA named it Lupit later that day.[39][40] Over the next day,
Lupit peaked with sustained winds of 75 km/h (47 mph), as it went through an extratropical transition and took on
frontal characteristics.[39][41] Lupit subsequently became extratropical during July 24, before it dissipated during July
26, as it moved into the Sea of Okhotsk.[39]
3.6
Severe Tropical Storm Mirinae
Main article: Tropical Storm Mirinae (2016)

Mirinae was rst noted as a tropical depression during July 25, as it moved o the west coast of Luzon into the
South China Sea, about 300 km (185 mi) to the east of the Paracel Islands.[42][43] The systems well dened low level
circulation centre was located in a very favourable environment for further development, with low vertical windshear
and very warm sea surface temperatures.[43][44] Later that day the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classied it as Tropical Depression 05W, as it moved north-westwards along the periphery of a subtropical ridge of high
pressure.[44] During the next day, as the system moved west-northwestwards, it continued to intensify was named
Mirinae by the JMA after it had become a tropical storm.[42][45] Mirinae subsequently weakened slightly as it made
landfall later that day, near Wanning and crossed Hainan Island, before it re-intensied as it had moved into the Gulf
of Tonkin.[42][46] The system was classied as a severe tropical storm by the JMA during July 27, as it was estimated
that Mirinae had peaked with sustained wind-speeds of 95 km/h (59 mph).[37][47] The system subsequently made
landfall about 110 km (70 mi) to the south of Hanoi in northern Vietnam later that day.[42][48] Mirinae subsequently
weakened gradually over northern Vietnam, before it was last noted during July 28, as it dissipated to the north of
Hanoi.[37][42]
By July 29, the storm had left ve people dead and ve others missing. Severe damage to infrastructure was reported
in Northern Vietnam, with damage to power lines causing blackouts and power cuts in some areas. Mirinae also sank
12 boats, destroyed the roofs of 1,425 houses and uprooted about 5,000 trees.[49]
3.7
STORMS
Severe Tropical Storm Nida (Carina)
Main article: Tropical Storm Nida (2016)

During July 28, the Japan Meteorological Agency started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed about
1,020 km (635 mi) to the east-southeast of Manila in the Philippines.[50][51] The system had a broad low level
circulation center which was consolidating, with atmospheric convection developing to the north and south of the
depression.[51] The system was also located within a favorable environment for further development with low vertical
wind shear and very warm sea surface temperatures.[51] Over the next day as the system moved north-northwestwards
under the inuence of a subtropical ridge of high pressure, deep atmospheric convection started wrapping into the systems low level circulation center.[52] The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center subsequently issued a tropical
cyclone formation alert during July 29, as the system rapidly consolidated further, while the global models indicated
that tropical cyclogenesis would take place during the next 24 hours.[52] During that day as the system consolidated
further, both PAGASA and the JTWC initiated advisories on the system, with the former naming it Carina, while
the latter classied it as 06W.[53][54]
On July 31, Nida made landfall over the area between Baggao and Gattaran of the Cagayan province in the Philippines
at 13:20 PST (05:20 UTC) as a severe tropical storm.[55] At 03:35 CST on August 2 (19:35 UTC on August 1), Nida
made landfall over Dapeng Peninsula of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China as a severe tropical storm.[56]
In post-analysis, the JMA downgraded Nidas peak intensity into a severe tropical storm with winds of 110 km/h.
However, most other agencies consider Nida as a minimal typhoon at peak intensity.
3.8
Severe Tropical Storm Omais
During August 2, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed within a favourable environment
for further development, about 565 km (350 mi) to the northeast of Hagta, Guam.[57][58] The system had a broad
and weak low level circulation centre, which had atmospheric convection aring around the systems outer edge.[58]
Over the next couple of days the system slowly moved north-eastwards, before it was classied as Tropical Storm
07W by the JTWC and named Omais by the JMA during August 4.[57][59]
3.9
Severe Tropical Storm Conson
On August 7, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed about 390 km (240 mi) to the west
of Wake Island.[60] Over the next day the system gradually developed further as it moved south-westwards, before the
JTWC classied it as Tropical Depression 08W during August 8.[60][61] Later that day, the JMA upgraded 08W to a
tropical storm, naming it Conson.[62] Despite some moderate wind shear, Conson slowly intensied and later reached
severe tropical storm strength on August 10.[63][64] The JTWC later stated that deep convection was forming near the
center of Conson,[65] however shortly thereafter, convection became disorganized.[66]
By August 11, convection once re-intensied again, however its LLCC became exposed, causing the JTWC to lower
its intensity to lower-end of tropical storm strength.[67] The JMA also downgraded Conson to a tropical storm.[68]
During the next day, satellite image showed that the convective structure of Conson was beginning to deteriorate
as it started to interact with drier air, suppressing convection.[69] The center of Conson became much broader and
exposed early on August 13.[70] While moving northwestward, Conson became better dened than before, however
its convection was more shallow as it started to interact will cooler sea-surface temperatures and drier air.[71] By
August 14, the JTWC issued their nal warning on Conson as it started to undergo its extratropical transition with a
result of a strong wind shear and the interaction of the mid-latitude baroclinic zone.[72][73] The JMA tracked Conson
until it fully transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on August 15 and made landfall near Nemuro Peninsula.[60] Its
remnants were tracked until midday of August 16.[60]
3.10 Severe Tropical Storm Chanthu

During August 11, the JMA started to track a tropical depression, whereas the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert, as it was located about 695 km (432 mi) west-northwest of Guam.[74][75] After meandering eastwards,
the JTWC designates the system as 09W, while the JMA immediately upgraded 09W to a tropical storm, with the
naming of Chanthu on August 13.[76][77] The JTWC followed suit early on August 14.[78] With an improving LLCC,
3.11
Tropical Storm Dianmu
Chanthu rapidly developed into a severe tropical storm from the JMA,[79][80] as it was later located over in an area
of favorable environments of strengthening.[81] Despite a high chance of strengthening and a well-dened LLCC,
Chanthu stopped generating convection as the JMA downgraded it to a tropical storm.[82][83]
Later that day, aring convection was associated with its LLCC as it was beginning its extratropical transition while
interacting with mid-latitude ow.[84] Therefore, early on August 17, Chanthu once again reached severe tropical
strom strength as it attained its peak intensity with a minimal pressure of 980 millibars (28.94 inHg), while east of
the Japanese archipelago of Honshu.[85] Shortly thereafter, the JTWC issued its nal warning on Chanthu.[86] The
JMA issued its nal warning a few hours later as it made landfall over Cape Erimo of Hokkaido, Japan, at peak
intensity.[87]
3.11 Tropical Storm Dianmu

During August 15, the JMA reported that a tropical depression, had developed about 305 km (190 mi) to the southeast of Hong Kong.[88] The system meandered slowly westward until the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation
Alert (TCFA) on August 17.[89] By August 18, the JMA upgraded the depression to a tropical storm, prompting
to name it as Dianmu.[90] Shortly thereafter, the JTWC began issuing advisories, classifying it as a tropical depression with the identier of 11W.[91] During the course of the day, enhanced satellite imagery showed that Dianmu
was rapidly organizing with deep aring convection surrounding its LLCC.[92] Due to warm sea-surface temperatures with a compact microwave eye feature seen from satellite imagery, the JTWC upgraded Dianmu to a tropical
storm.[93] However the JTWC issued its nal warning on Dianmu as it made landfall over in Haiphong and Thi Bnh
Province in northern Vietnam.[94][95] While overland the system gradually weakened into a tropical depression before
it degenerated into an area of low pressure during August 20 while over Myanmar.[88]
In the province of Hainan, China, Dianmus heavy rains brought the water level at the Longtang Dam on the Nandu
River to a ten-year high of 13.35 metres. Hainans capital, Haikou, experienced ooding in some areas. Over in
Quang Ninh, a total of 11 houses were collapsed and total damages in the city amounted to 3.5 billion VND (US$157
thousand).[96]
3.12 Typhoon Mindulle

Main article: Typhoon Mindulle (2016)
A tropical depression formed northwest of Guam on August 17.[97] The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) indicated that a tropical depression had formed northwest of Guam at noon on August 17.[98] A few hours later, the Joint
Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) quickly issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert and also upgraded the system
to a tropical depression with the designation 10W on the same day, based on increased symmetric convection associated with a dened but partially exposed low-level circulation center (LLCC) that was embedded within the southwest
monsoon surge.[99][100] One day later, the JTWC upgraded 10W to a tropical storm via the Dvorak technique, with
the winds proved by a recent scatterometer pass.[101] The JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm and named
it Mindulle early on August 19, when central convection had become more organized.[102] However, an upper-level
low to the north and the predecessor of Tropical Storm Kompasu to the northeast were stiing the development of
any poleward outow.[103]
Moving on the eastern edge of a relatively high-latitude monsoon gyre and being steered by the southern extension
of the subtropical ridge anchored east of Japan, the intensication of Mindulle was limited on August 20, owing to
modest dry air entrainment resulting in aring convection near and surrounding the LLCC.[104][105] Although the JMA
upgraded Mindulle to a severe tropical storm when it was approximately 380 km (240 mi) northwest of Chichi-jima
at around 15:00 JST (06:00 UTC) on August 21, outow from Tropical Storm Lionrock to the west was inhibiting
further development and causing a partially exposed LLCC with deep convection displaced southward, as the distance
between their centers was only about 600 km (370 mi) at that time.[106][107] With warm sea surface temperatures of
between 30 and 31 C, good equatorward and poleward outow channels, as well as low vertical wind shear, the JMA
upgraded Mindulle to a typhoon at around 03:00 JST on August 22 (18:00 UTC on August 21), when the center was
located only about 40 km (25 mi) east of Hachij-jima.[108][109] At around 12:30 JST (03:30 UTC), Mindulle made
landfall over the area near Tateyama, Chiba.[110]
STORMS
3.13 Typhoon Lionrock (Dindo)

Main article: Typhoon Lionrock (2016)
The JMA upgraded a low-pressure area to a tropical depression about 690 km (430 mi) northwest of Wake Island on
August 16.[111] The system that was to become Typhoon Lionrock was rst noted as a hybrid disturbance on August
15, while it was located about 585 km (365 mi) to the west of Wake Island.[112] At this time the disturbance had a broad
and poorly organized low level circulation centre, which had some shallow bands of atmospheric convection wrapping
loosely around it.[112] It was located within a marginal environment for further development and was predicted to
develop further, in association with a developing upper level low.[112] Over the next day the system moved northwards,
while a TUTT Cell created subsidence and high vertical windshear over the system, before it was classied as a tropical
depression by the JMA during August 16.[113] The depression was subsequently classied as subtropical by the JTWC
during August 17, as its structure was asymmetric, with deep convection displaced to the north and east of the systems
low level circulation centre.[114]
Lionrock entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility on August 25, 2016, and PAGASA assigned Dindo [115] as
the local name for Lionrock. On August 29, Lionrock turned towards the northwest due to a high pressure system
located east of Japan, putting it on an unprecedented path towards the northeastern region of the country.[116] Right
before weakening into a severe tropical storm at 18:00 JST (09:00 UTC) on August 30, Lionrock made landfall near
funato, a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan.[117] This makes Lionrock the rst tropical cyclone to make landfall over
the Pacic coast of the Thoku region of Japan since the Japan Meteorological Agency began record-keeping in
1951.[118]
3.14 Tropical Storm Kompasu

On August 18, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed, about 1,300 km (810 mi) to
the northeast of Guam.[119] The JTWC started issuing advisories by the next day as it was immediately classied as a
tropical storm and the identier of 13W.[120] The JMA followed suit early on August 20, and was named Kompasu.[119]
Despite wind shear and an exposed LLCC, tightly curved banding was reported embedded within the northern extent
of a very broad monsoon gyre circulation.[121] Both agencies reported that Kompasu had reached its peak strength as
a minimal tropical storm with a minimum barometric pressure of about 994 mbar.[122] Later that day, deep convection
of Kompasu had rapidly decreased as it was located in marginally favorable environments with low wind shear and seasurface temperatures of about 26 degrees Celsius.[123] On August 21, the JTWC downgraded Kompasu to a tropical
depression and issued their nal bulletin on the system.[124] The JMA did the same and issued its nal advisory on
Kompasu as it transitioned into an extratropical system.[119]
Floods in Hokkaid killed one person when a driver was stranded in his ooded car.[125]
3.15 Tropical Depression 14W

During August 23, Tropical Depression 14W developed about 75 km (45 mi) to the east of Andersen Air Force Base,
Guam.[126] Moving northward on the next day, the LLCC of 14W became exposed with a deteriorating convective
signature.[127] Flaring deep convection became disorganized into a weakly-dened center due to strong northerly wind
shear; the JTWC assessed 14Ws winds only at 25 knots.[128] Due to a rapidly decaying LLCC with minor bursts of
convection, both the JMA and the JTWC issued its nal warning on 14W later that same day.[129][130]
3.16 Typhoon Namtheun (Enteng)

A low-pressure area developed into a tropical depression southeast of Taiwan early on August 31.[131] Later that day,
the JTWC began issuing advisories on the system, assigning the designation of 15W.[132] Early the next day, 15W
had intensied into a tropical storm by both agencies, with the JMA prompting the name Namtheun.[133][134] The
PAGASA however started issuing advisories on Namtheun and considered it as a tropical depression and gave the
local name Enteng.[135] Despite the overall structure of the storm being described to be midget with a very small
but compact LLCC, Namtheun had begun a phase of rapid intensication and a pinhole eye developed; therefore,
the JTWC upgraded Namtheun to a Category 1 typhoon.[136] The JMA, though, upgraded Namtheun only to a severe tropical storm at that time.[137] Later that day, PAGASA had declared that the storm had exited its area of
responsibility as a severe tropical storm.[138]
3.17
Tropical Storm Malou
By September 2, rapid intensication ensued as it was reported that Namtheun was located over a region of warm
sea surface temperatures of 30 degrees Celsius with high ocean heat content,[139] therefore prompting the JMA to
classify it to a typhoon.[140] Namtheun developed a pinhole eye 8 NM (15 km; 9.2 mi) across and reached its peak
strength as a Category 3 typhoon with 1-minute sustained winds of 185 km/h (115 mph); the JMA though declared its
10-minute peak strength early on September 3 with a minimum barometric pressure of 955 millibars.[141][142] By that
time, Namtheun was depicted with signicantly weakened structure and a dissipation of its eye, therefore the JTWC
downgraded Namtheun rapidly to a strong Category 1.[143] On September 4, Namtheun had weakened to a tropical
storm due to diminishing convection, caused by high southwesterly wind shear.[144] After making landfall over in
Nagasaki, Kyushu, both the JMA and JTWC issued its nal advisory as a tropical depression early on September
5.[145][146]
3.17 Tropical Storm Malou

On September 5, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression, that had developed over the Japanese prefecture
of Okinawa.[147] The depression was located within a favourable environment for further development, with very
warm sea temperasurface temperatures and low vertical wind shear. Over the next day the system moved northeastwards towards the Japanese Mainlandm, before it was classied as a tropical storm and named Malou by the
JMA during September 6.[148] However, the JTWC classied Malou as a hybrid system, with both subtropical and
tropical characteristics.[149] They also noted that the systems low level circulation centre convective development was
being hindered, as the subtropical westerlies were located over the system. During September 7, the system started
to accelerate northwards, before the JMA issued their nal advisory on the system as Malou became an extratropical
cyclone.[150]
3.18 Typhoon Meranti (Ferdie)

Main article: Typhoon Meranti (2016)
On September 8, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)[lower-alpha 1] issued a tropical cyclone formation alert for
a closed atmospheric circulation about 155 km (100 mi) west of Guam in the western Pacic Ocean.[152] At 18:00
UTC that night, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)[lower-alpha 2] classied the system as a depression,[153] On the
next day, the JTWC classied it as Tropical Depression 16W. By that time, the nascent system was moving slowly
west-northwestward through a region of low wind shear, steered by ridges to the north and southwest. Increasing and
fragmented convection, or thunderstorms, was fueled by warm water temperatures and outow from the south.[154]
At 06:00 UTC on September 10, the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Meranti,[155] which meandered
over its own track while consolidating.[156]
Northerly wind shear shifted the deepest convection to the south of Merantis circulation,[157] although rainbands
and a central dense overcast continued to evolve as the shear decreased.[158] By early on September 11, the storms
movement was steady to the west-northwest, south of the ridge.[159] At 06:00 UTC that day, the JMA upgraded
Meranti to typhoon status,[160] and shortly thereafter the JTWC followed suit.[161] The structure continued to improve,
with increased outow.[162] A small eye 9 km (5.6 mi) across developed within the spiraling thunderstorms, signaling
that Meranti was rapidly intensifying.[163] At 06:00 UTC on September 12, the JTWC upgraded Meranti to a super
typhoon, with 1-minute maximum sustained winds of 240 km/h (150 mph).[164]
Six hours later, the JTWC estimated 1-minute sustained winds of 285 km/h (180 mph), equivalent to Category
5 on the SarSimpson scale, while noting an extremely favorable environment, and that the eye became even
more symmetric within intense convection.[165] Outow enhanced by a strong anticyclone over Meranti fueled the
intensication,[166] and the typhoon peaked in intensity on September 13 while passing through the Luzon Strait.
The JMA estimated peak 10-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure
of 890 hPa (mbar; 26.28 inHg),[167] while the JTWC estimated peak 1-minute sustained winds of 305 km/h (190
mph).[168] Based on the JMA pressure estimate, Meranti was among the most intense tropical cyclones. The JTWC
wind estimate made Meranti the strongest tropical cyclone worldwide in 2016, surpassing Cyclone Winston, which
had winds of 285 km/h (180 mph) when it struck Fiji in February.[169]
Late on September 13, the storm made landfall on the 83 km2 (32 sq mi) island of Itbayat in the Philippine province
of Batanes while near its peak intensity.[170] At around 03:05 CST on September 15 (19:05 UTC on September 14),
Meranti made landfall over Xiang'an District, Xiamen in Fujian, China with measured 2-minute sustained winds of
173 km/h (108 mph),[171] making it the strongest typhoon to ever make landfall in Chinas Fujian Province.[172]
STORMS
3.19 Tropical Depression 17W

On September 8, the JTWC started to monitor a tropical disturbance about 1,211 km (752 mi) west of Iwo To.[173]
Moving northward in a few days, the JTWC assessed that the system had strengthened into Tropical Depression
17W.[174] Despite its LLCC remaining small, satellite imagery showed that 17W produced persistent convection and
some spiral banding.[175] Later, drier air surrounded the depression as it was now rmly embedded with the westsouthwesterly ow ahead of the mid-latitude frontal zone.[176] The JTWC later issued their nal advisory on 17W as
the system was rapidly deteriorating due to vertical wind shear as it fully dissipated early on September 12.[177] Its
remnants was later absorbed by a front near the International Dateline early on September 13.
3.20 Tropical Storm Rai

Main article: Tropical Storm Rai (2016)
During September 11, the JMA started to track a tropical depression approximately 880 km (547 mi) east-northeast
of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.[178][179] Later, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert.[180] By the next
day, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression with the given designation of 19W.[181] Satellite then
showed that the LLCC of 19W was broad and dened with some deep convective banding.[182] However, its LLCC
became exposed, though its deep convection remained in place.[183] Hours later, the JMA had declared that 19W had
strengthened into a tropical storm, with the name Rai.[184] Although it has strengthened, the JTWC issued its nal
advisory without upgrading it to a tropical storm, whilst Rai made landfall over Central Vietnam, about 94 km (59
mi) southeast of the city of Da Nang.[185] According to the JMA, Rai reached its maximum intensity only as a weak
tropical storm over land,[186] however they issued their last advisory and was downgraded into a tropical depression
six hours later.[187] The JMA tracked the system until early on September 14 when it was near the 100th meridian
east.
The storm killed 5 people in Vietnam and left 10 more missing. Heavy rains in Central Vietnam and Northern
Thailand caused ooding and the bursting of the Bung River 2 hydroelectricity plant in Qung Nam province of
Vietnam, which released 28 million cubic meters of water and washed away 2 workers.[188] Four ships were sunk
along central Vietnams coastline and 2 others were left stranded, while 5 houses were completely destroyed and 275
others had their roofs torn o.[189]
3.21 Typhoon Malakas (Gener)

At around 00:00 JST on September 20 (15:00 UTC on September 19), Malakas made landfall over the sumi Peninsula in Japan.[190] It subsequently crossed Muroto at around 11:00 JST (02:00 UTC) and made landfall over Tanabe
at around 13:30 JST (04:30 UTC).[191][192]
3.22 Typhoon Megi (Helen)

Main article: Typhoon Megi (2016)
The JMA upgraded a low-pressure area to a tropical depression north of Chuuk early on September 21.[193]
3.23 Tropical Storm Chaba

3.24 Other storms
On June 23, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression about 650 km west-southwest of Manila, Philippines.
The depression briey continued moving in a slow westward direction until it became stationary over in the South
China Sea. Due to unfavorable environments, the JMA stopped tracking the depression on June 25. However,
its remnants caused heavy rainfall in Central and Southern Vietnam.[194] Late on July 27, the JMA very briey
monitored a weak tropical depression south of Japan.[195] The JMA also indicated that a tropical depression had
formed southeast of Japan in the afternoon on July 28, however it was downgraded to a low-pressure area early on the
next day.[196][197] The JMA upgraded a low-pressure area east of Taiwan to a tropical depression on August 6.[198] The
9
system made landfall over eastern China on August 9. On August 10, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had
developed, about 300 km (185 mi) to the southeast of Ishigaki Island.[199][200] Over the next day the system moved
north-westwards, within a marginal environment for further development, before it passed over northern Taiwan and
moved into the East China Sea.[200][201][202] The system subsequently continued moved westwards, before it was last
noted as it made landfall on southern China later that day.[203]
During August 12 a tropical depression developed near the coast of Taiwan, about 160 km (100 mi) to the southeast
of Taipei.[204] The system subsequently made landfall on the island nation, before it was last noted during the next
day as it dissipated over Taiwan.[205] A tropical depression briey appeared over the Gulf of Tonkin early on August
16.[206] A tropical depression persisted east of the Northern Mariana Islands in the afternoon of August 17.[97] The
system was last noted early on the next day and led to the formation of Tropical Storm Kompasu.[207] During August
24, two tropical depressions briey developed; one in the South China Sea, and one over to the northeast of the
Mariana Islands.[208] However, the system over the South China Sea briey developed into a tropical depression
twice on August 25 and 27. A tropical depression formed north of Wake Island early on August 30, and it became
extratropical on the next day.[209][210]
Storm names
See also: Tropical cyclone naming and History of tropical cyclone naming
Within the Northwest Pacic Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in
the Western Pacic, which can result in a tropical cyclone having two names.[211] The Japan Meteorological Agencys
RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65
km/h (40 mph).[212] PAGASA names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their
area of responsibility located between 135E and 115E and between 5N and 25N even if the cyclone has had an
international name assigned to it.[211] The names of signicant tropical cyclones are retired, by both PAGASA and
the Typhoon Committee.[212] Should the list of names for the Philippine region be exhausted then names will be
taken from an auxiliary list of which the rst ten are published each season. Unused names are marked in gray.
4.1
International names
Main article: List of retired Pacic typhoon names

A tropical cyclone is named when it is judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[213] The
JMA selected the names from a list of 140 names, that had been developed by the 14 members nations and territories
of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee.[214] The next 28 names on the naming list are listed here along with their
international numeric designation, if they are used. During the season, the name Rai was used for the rst time; it
replaced Fanapi following the 2010 season.
4.2
Philippines
This season, PAGASA will use its own naming scheme, that will either develop within or move into their self-dened
area of responsibility.[215][216] The names were taken from a list of names, that was last used during 2012 and are
scheduled to be used again during 2020.[217] All of the names are the same except for Pepito, which replaced the
name Pablo after it was retired.[215] The name Gardo was replaced by Gomer after Gardo was added to PAGASAs
main list replacing Glenda, which was retired after the 2014 season.
Auxiliary list
10
REFERENCES
Season eects
This table will list all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacic Ocean west of the International Date
Line and north of the equator during 2016. It will include their intensity, duration, name, areas aected, deaths, and
damage totals. Classication and intensity values will be based on estimations conducted by the JMA. All damage
gures will be in 2016 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm will include when the storm was a precursor wave or
an extratropical cyclone.
Notes
[1] 1-minute sustained wind speeds
[1] The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy United States Air Force task force that issues tropical
cyclone warnings for the western Pacic Ocean and other regions.[151]
[2] The Japan Meteorological Agency is the ocial Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacic Ocean.
See also
2016 Atlantic hurricane season
2016 Pacic hurricane season
2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 201516, 201617
Australian region cyclone seasons: 201516, 201617
South Pacic cyclone seasons: 201516, 201617
South Atlantic tropical cyclone
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Digital Typhoon
Hong Kong Observatory
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Korea Meteorological Administration
National Weather Service Guam
Malaysian Meteorological Department
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
Taiwan Central Weather Bureau
TCWC Jakarta (Indonesian)
Thai Meteorological Department (Thai)
Typhoon2000
Vietnams National Hydro-Meteorological Service
20
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TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES
Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
10.1
Text
2016 Pacic typhoon season Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Pacific_typhoon_season?oldid=741603166 Contributors: Kaihsu,

Bearcat, Skycycle, Bgwhite, Gaius Cornelius, Hurricanehink, Kintetsubualo, Gsyhiap, Meow, Jason Rees, Pupitar13, CommonsDelinker,
Terrek, KylieTastic, Oshwah, Niceguyedc, Cyclonebiskit, Jasper Deng, Iune, About123, AnomieBOT, LilHelpa, Anna Frodesiak, Stephen
Morley, Supportstorm, Cnwilliams, Orenburg1, Krit-tonkla, Undescribed, Anirudh Emani, Davey2010, Floatjon, BG19bot, Agila81,
Hamham31, United States Man, Mich.kramer, Invadibot, Cyberbot II, LightandDark2000, Donnowin1, WestCoastStormWatch, CVQT,
Jacklamf1d14, Minhquangdo, AndrewPeterT, NONOCHANG2013, Typhoon2013, Appetizer8088, Jusgtr, MarioProtIV, N-C16, Gelopogi 11, Sghfg, Trainbuzz, Damien4794, KN2731, Joseph Carlo8888, Karta0800900, AlphaBetaGamma01, Francjg, Jdcomix, Nino
Marakot, Czyhieras, Anarchyte, My Chemistry romantic, Sro23, Fun Cake, INFOWeather1, HurricaneGonzalo, Ks-M9, 004.Berni.B,
Elizabeth'94, Shubbs03, GreenC bot, Saif Khan (10), CHRISTOPHERMC24, Hurricaneweather16, Money Hurricane, Kenisthetic12,
CBA Meal, Hurricane Layten, MeowMoon, Knut161 and Anonymous: 157
10.2
Images
File:01W_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/01W_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Supportstorm using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from
NASA. Tracking data is from NOAA. Original artist: Supportstorm
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250m.jpg Original artist: NASA, MODIS / LANCE Rapid Response
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Tracking data is from NOAA. Original artist: Meow
2km.jpg Original artist: Rapid Response, LANCE
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NASA. Tracking data is from NRL. Original artist: Keith Edkins
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File:2016_Pacific_typhoon_season_summary.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/2016_Pacific_typhoon_
season_summary.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background
image is from NASA [1]. The tracking data is from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center's best track database Original artist: Supportstorm
File:Ambo_2016-06-26_0245Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Ambo_2016-06-26_0245Z.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov Original artist: NASA, MODIS / LANCE
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NASA. Tracking data is from NOAA. Original artist: Supportstorm
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File:Chanthu_2016-08-17_0355Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Chanthu_2016-08-17_0355Z.
jpg License: Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=Chanthu.A2016230.
0355.250m.jpg Original artist: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response, captured on Aqua
satellite
File:Chanthu_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Chanthu_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
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File:Conson_2016-08-14_0255Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Conson_2016-08-14_0255Z.jpg
License: Public domain Contributors: EOSDIS Worldview Original artist: VIIRS image captured by NOAAs Suomi NPP satellite
File:Conson_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Conson_2016_track.png License: Public
domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Cyclone_
Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG License: Public domain Contributors: NASA Original artist: Astronaut photograph
ISS008-E-19646 was taken March 7, 2004, with a Kodak DCS760 digital camera equipped with an 50-mm lens, and is provided by the
Earth Observations Laboratory, Johnson Space Center.
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File:Dianmu_2016-08-18_0610Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Dianmu_2016-08-18_0610Z.jpg

License: Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=Dianmu.A2016231.0610.
250m.jpg Original artist: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response, captured on Aqua satellite
File:Dianmu_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Dianmu_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg License: Ccby-sa-3.0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
File:JMA_TD_01_2016-05-27_0540Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/JMA_TD_01_2016-05-27_
0540Z.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=crefl2_143.
A2016148054000-2016148054500.250m.jpg Original artist: NASA, MODIS / LANCE Rapid Response
File:JMA_TD_35_2016-09-27_0340Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/JMA_TD_35_2016-09-27_
0340Z.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=crefl2_143.
A2016271034000-2016271034500.2km.jpg Original artist: Rapid Response, LANCE
File:JTWC_wp2116.gif Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/JTWC_wp2116.gif License: Public domain
Contributors: https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/wp2116.gif Original artist: Joint Typhoon Warning
Center
File:Kompasu_2016-08-20_0105Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Kompasu_2016-08-20_0105Z.

jpg License: Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=crefl1_143.A2016233010500-201623301100
File:Kompasu_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Kompasu_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Lionrock_2016-08-28_0350Z.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Lionrock_2016-08-28_0350Z.
png License: Attribution Contributors: RealEarth Original artist: AHI image captured by the Japan Meteorology Agencys Himawari-8
satellite and composited by Meow
File:Lionrock_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Lionrock_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Lupit_2016-07-24_0245Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Lupit_2016-07-24_0245Z.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: EOSDIS Worldview Original artist: VIIRS image captured by NOAAs Suomi NPP satellite
File:Lupit_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Lupit_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Malakas_2016-09-19_0100Z.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Malakas_2016-09-19_0100Z.
png License: Attribution Contributors: RealEarth Original artist: AHI image captured by the Japan Meteorology Agencys Himawari-8
satellite
File:Malakas_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Malakas_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Malou_2016-09-07_0410Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Malou_2016-09-07_0410Z.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=crefl2_143.A2016251041000-2016251041500.
File:Malou_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Malou_2016_track.png License: Public
File:Megi_2016-09-27_0400Z.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Megi_2016-09-27_0400Z.png License: Attribution Contributors: RealEarth Original artist: AHI image captured by the Japan Meteorology Agencys Himawari-8 satellite
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File:Meranti_2016-09-13_0510Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Meranti_2016-09-13_0510Z.jpg
License: Public domain Contributors: NASA Earth Observatory Original artist: MODIS image captured by NASAs Aqua satellite
File:Meranti_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Meranti_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Mindulle_2016-08-22_0345Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Mindulle_2016-08-22_0345Z.
jpg License: Public domain Contributors: EOSDIS Worldview Original artist: VIIRS image captured by NOAAs Suomi NPP satellite
File:Mindulle_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Mindulle_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Mirinae_2016-07-26_0605Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Mirinae_2016-07-26_0605Z.jpg
License: Public domain Contributors: Rapid Response - LANCE Original artist: MODIS image captured by NASAs Aqua satellite
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File:Mirinae_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Mirinae_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Namtheun_2016-09-02_0215Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Namtheun_2016-09-02_0215Z.
jpg License: Public domain Contributors: EOSDIS Worldview Original artist: MODIS image captured by NASAs Terra satellite
File:Namtheun_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Namtheun_2016_track.png License:
Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from
NASA. Tracking data is from NOAA. Original artist: Meow
File:Nepartak_2016-07-06_0450Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Nepartak_2016-07-06_0450Z.
jpg License: Public domain Contributors: EOSDIS Worldview Original artist: MODIS image captured by NASAs Aqua satellite
File:Nepartak_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Nepartak_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Nida_2016-08-01_0515Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Nida_2016-08-01_0515Z.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: Rapid Response - LANCE Original artist: VIIRS image captured by NOAAs Suomi NPP satellite
File:Nida_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nida_2016_track.png License: Public domain Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA.
File:Omais_2016-08-07_0325Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Omais_2016-08-07_0325Z.jpg
License: Public domain Contributors: EOSDIS Worldview Original artist: VIIRS image captured by NOAAs Suomi NPP satellite
File:Omais_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Omais_2016_track.png License: Public
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? Original artist: ?
File:Rai_2016-09-13_0340Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Rai_2016-09-13_0340Z.jpg License:
Public domain Contributors: https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/imagery/single.cgi?image=crefl1_143.A2016257034000-2016257034500.
File:Rai_2016_track.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Rai_2016_track.png License: Public domain
Contributors: Created by Meow using Wikipedia:WikiProject Tropical cyclones/Tracks. The background image is from NASA. Tracking
data is from NOAA. Original artist: Meow
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BY-SA 2.5 Contributors: Mad by Lokal_Prol by combining: Original artist: Lokal_Prol
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svg' class='image'><img alt='Wiki letter w.svg' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/
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2016 Pacific Typhoon Season

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2016 Pacific Typhoon Season

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2016 Pacic typhoon season

Tropical Depression Ambo

Typhoon Nepartak (Butchoy)

Main article: Typhoon Nepartak (2016)

Tropical Depression 03W

Tropical Depression 03W

Tropical Storm Lupit

Severe Tropical Storm Mirinae

Main article: Tropical Storm Mirinae (2016)

Severe Tropical Storm Nida (Carina)

Main article: Tropical Storm Nida (2016)

Severe Tropical Storm Omais

Severe Tropical Storm Conson

3.10 Severe Tropical Storm Chanthu

Tropical Storm Dianmu

3.11 Tropical Storm Dianmu

3.12 Typhoon Mindulle

3.13 Typhoon Lionrock (Dindo)

3.14 Tropical Storm Kompasu

3.15 Tropical Depression 14W

3.16 Typhoon Namtheun (Enteng)

Tropical Storm Malou

3.17 Tropical Storm Malou

3.18 Typhoon Meranti (Ferdie)

3.19 Tropical Depression 17W

3.20 Tropical Storm Rai

3.21 Typhoon Malakas (Gener)

3.22 Typhoon Megi (Helen)

3.23 Tropical Storm Chaba

Main article: List of retired Pacic typhoon names

TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

2016 Pacic typhoon season Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Pacific_typhoon_season?oldid=741603166 Contributors: Kaihsu,

File:Dianmu_2016-08-18_0610Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Dianmu_2016-08-18_0610Z.jpg

File:Kompasu_2016-08-20_0105Z.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Kompasu_2016-08-20_0105Z.

TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

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