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DOI 10.1007/s10854-015-3419-z
1 Introduction
Nanomaterials have attracted extensive interest because of
their unique properties in various fields in comparison with
their bulk counterparts [15]. Transition metal-oxide spinels are important in many application fields because of
their high thermal resistance and catalytic, electronic and
optical properties. They are commonly used in semiconductor and sensor technology as well as in heterogeneous
catalysis [614]. Transition metal aluminates are commonly prepared by a solid state reaction [15], co-precipitation method [16], hydrothermal [17], combustion [18],
and solgel [19, 20]. The disadvantages of solid-state
routes, such as inhomogeneity, lack of stoichiometry control, high temperature and low surface area, are improved
when the material is synthesized using a solution-based
method. Compared with other techniques, the solgel
method is a useful and attractive technique for the preparation of aluminate spinels because of its advantage of
producing pure and ultrafine powders at low temperatures.
In this study, we have synthesized nickel aluminate
nanocrystals using modify solgel method. Furthermore, to
investigation the effect of difference chelate agent such as
citric acid monohydrate, oxalic acid, salicylic acid, and
malic acid on the morphology, particle size, and crystal
structure of the products several experiments were performed. To evaluate the catalytic properties of nanocrystalline nickel aluminate, the photocatalytic degradation of
methyl orange under visible light irradiation was carried
out.
2 Experimental
2.1 Characterization
123
A0 A
100
A0
123
Sample no
Solvent
Chalet agent
Temperature (C)
Decolorization MO
Water
Oxalic acid
800
Water
Citric acid
800
Water
Salicylic acid
800
90 %
Water
Malic acid
800
Dc Kk=b cos h
123
h H2 O ! OH
e O2 ! O
2
OH
O
2
2
3
4
123
4 Conclusions
We employed a facile modify solgel method to synthesize
NiAl2O4 nanoparticles. Oxalic acid monohydrate, citric
acid, salicylic acid, and malic acid were used as the chalet
agents to investigate their effect on the morphology, particle size, and chemical structure of final product. NiAl2O4
nanoparticles were characterized by EDS, SEM, XRD,
UVvis, and IR spectroscopy. When as-prepared
nanocrystalline nickel aluminate was utilized as photocatalyst, the percentage of methyl orange degradation was
about 90 % after 270 min irradiation of visible light.
Acknowledgments Authors are grateful to council of University of
Arak for providing financial support to undertake this work.
Compliance with Ethical Standards
Conflict of interest The author declares that the research was
conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships
that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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