MINOR PROJECT SYNOPSIS

ON
DESIGN AND STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF
PISTON USING CATIA AND ANSYS

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of the degree

Of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Mechanical engineering
By

SETH JAI PRAKASH MUKAND LAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

AND TECHNOLOGY (JMIT)

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE:

The primary objective of this project is to design a piston and analyse
the stress distribution in various parts of the piston to know the stresses
due to gas pressure and thermal variations using Ansys. Since the
design and weight of the piston influences the engine performance, so
the piston designed should be stronger, lighter with minimum costs.

PROCESS DESCRIPTION:
A piston is a moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is
made gas tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer
expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via piston rod or
connecting rod. As an important part of an engine, piston endures the
cyclic gas pressures and inertia forces at work and this working condition
may cause the fatigue damage of the piston. The investigations indicate
that the greatest stress appears on the upper end of the piston and
stress concentration is one of the main reason for fatigue failure. The
piston is designed according to the procedure and specifications which
are given in the machine design and data handbooks.

METHODOLOGY:

1. Design Process: The piston is designed according to the procedure

and specification given in the machine design and data handbooks.
The dimensions are calculated in terms of S.I. units. The pressure
applied on piston head, temperature of various areas of piston, heat
flow, stress, strains, length, diameter of piston etc. parameters are
taken into consideration.
2. Analysis:
i. Thermal Analysis: This deals with the heat flow inside the solid.
ii.

For eg. The heat flow through the piston head.

Structural Analysis: It is the determination of effects of loads
on physical structures and their components. It can evaluate
whether the piston design will be able to withstand external
and internal stresses expected or not.

CONCLUSION:
With the help of this analysis, study of operational functions of the piston
is done with respect to different operating conditions. The analysis of
various design parameters is to be done in order to completely reduce
the stress concentration.

REFERENCES:
1. R.S. Khurmi, J.K. Gupta, A textbook of Machine Design, S.Chand and
Co.
2. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), Vol2.