DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

FACULTY OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, JOHOR BRANCH
COURSE: IMS506
GROUP: IM2453C
PROJECT TITLE
E-CATERING SYSTEM

GROUP MEMBERS
MOHAMAD HANIS BIN MOHD RAHIM
AMIRUL SYAFIQ BIN SAPIAI
AHMAD HANIFAH BIN HASHIM
LECTURER
ENCIK RIDZUAN BIN MOHD SEMAN

PART A

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

PROJRCT OVERVIEW
1.0Introduction to the organization
1.1Background
E-Catering services was established to provide services to customer that
is customers friendly. Customers can easily order their menu using only
this services. This facility is operated by Chief Chef, assisted by numerous
supporting staffs. All the costs will be supported by company. In addition,
the service can be use by all the customer that came to the restaurants.
The company that use this system is located at UiTM Shah Alam.
1.2Function
1.2.1 To save cost in the managing the paper document that need
storage and cabinet to keep the record safe
1.2.2 Change the hard copy document and ordering form to the
electronic record
1.3Organizational Chart

Executiv
e Chef
Executiv
e Sous
Chef
Pastry
Chef
Baker

Butcher

Sous
Chef

Garde
Manger

Chef De
Partie

Night
Cook

Breakfas
t Cook

Pantry

commis

Chief
Steward

Banquet
Chef

Steward

2.0Introduction to the Systems

2.1Summary about the System
The system that we develop function is to change the hard copy
document and ordering form to the electronic record. This method will
help the caterer headquarter to save cost in the managing the paper
document that need storage and cabinet to keep the record safe, the
caterer receive order from the customers more than 20 order per day, due

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

to this problem the caterer need the system that support they
requirement such as this database system that keep all the record on the
electronic. The electronic record also can be retrieve more accurate and
save time compare to the paper document record that need to be search
manually, because the old method to retrieve the record need time to find
the document in the folder, the record maybe lost and cant not be retrieve
on the time. This proven that electronic database are more efficiency than
the manual ways that use paper document. The paper document cant be
easily lost and destroy due to the weather and etc.
2.2Comparison with other system
The system used by this company is developed using Access. But the
system cause problems to the customers and due to that the customers
decides to use manual system.
The comparison with other similar system can be made with the
system being used in Universiti Teknikal Melaka (UTem) Restaurants. The
customers has experience problems while using the restaurants system.
During the first interview with the customer in the restaurants, the
customers states few problems that arise when using the manual system
and restaurants system. The problems include the report that needs to be
display and print-out. The data mix with other data and are also displayed
in the report and this does not fill the customers requirements.
Due to that, the customers uses the manual system to manage the
activity in the restaurants. Restaurants assistant use manual system to
record all the information about the customers that visit the restaurants.
Every day, the number of customers will increased and at the same time
the customers data also increased. Furthermore, the boost of data needs
large storage to keep it. In short term, it can be more beneficial than
owning a computer but in long term, many problems will arise.

PART B
DATABASE LIFECYCLE

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

1.0Database Initial Study
1.1Company Situation
Based on observation, basically, the people or person must come to the UiTM
restaurant to order their package of food. They must ask the staffs there of
the package of food that they needs is available or not. Some of customer
also make a phone call when they want to make order, infrequently it can
make the supplier get the incorrect information.
1.2Problems and Constraints
There are several problem and constraints can be define from our
observation. As the restaurant is not using system or database, the record
may be missing. For example, there are thousands of students in UiTM. This
means that thousands of records are created per year. Bulk of record will
cause many problems especially in data access. Besides that, the time
consumed to find customers records also increase as the staff needs to find it
manually. This will cause low effectiveness in access customers record. Next,
besides that, as the record is just a file which made from paper, there is no
back up. If disaster happened, all the records tend to destroy. Last but not
least, sometimes there is mistake in giving about drug prescription.
1.3Objectives
To make the data storage easy to organized
To identify new customers
To make retrieval process become easily
Reduced data entry, storage, and retrieval costs.
To provide security, safety and storage to data.
1.4Scope and Boundaries
Food Maintenance
we need to kick in the data about the food what the customer want for
their events, can add food, edit the order food and delete the food that

customer choose that we provide.

Users maintenance
We need to kick in all the data about customer which is their name,
address, phone number, time of event, quantity of the food, type of the

food and others.

Catering maintenance
This is where we need to customize and calculate the price for all the
catering orders. Other than that, we can also can complete the

customer orders, edit the order and cancel the orders.

Staff maintenance

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

In this data, we can kick in the information about our staffs who will
conduct all the jobs for that event.
1.5Business Rules
Staff treat customers.
1. A staff treats a customer.
2. A staff treats many customers.
3. Many staffs treat a customer.
BR1: Many staffs treat many customers.
Staff take order for customers.
1. A staff take orders for many customers.
BR2: A doctor prepares package for many order.
Customer has order.
1. A customer has an order.
2. A customer has many orders
3. Many customers have a order.
2.0Database Design
2.1Conceptual Design
2.1.1 Database Analysis and Requirements

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Figure 1: Input views (Form that will be filled by the patients)

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Figure 2: Output Form

Figure 3: Transaction processing Requirement

UiTM
Restaurant
Restaurant
Staff

Customers

View
Registration

Register time
out

View report
and
Customers

View
individual
report

Edit/update

Save button

Add/remove
staff

Print report

Save button

Print Report

Log in and
out

Log in and
out

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Figure 4: Transaction processing Requirement

2.1.2 Entity Relationship Modelling and Normalization

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Entity= Chef
Attributes= Chef ID
Chef name
Address
Phone number
Primary key=Chef ID

Entity=Customer
Attribute=Customer ID
Customer Name
ICNO
Address
Phone
Primary key=Customer ID

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Entity=Package

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Attributes=Package Code
Package Name
Price
Chef ID
Type
Primary key=Package Code

Entity=Staff
Attributes=Staff ID
Staff Name
Address
Phone Number
Primary key=Staff ID
Relationship
BR1: Many staffs treat many customers

Entity=Order
Attributes=Order ID
Order Date
Total
Customer ID
Staff ID
Package Code
Payments
Primary key=Order ID

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

BR2: Many Chef has many Orders.

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Conceptual ER Diagram

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Normalization
Table customer

Customer ID

Customer

ICNO

Address

Phone

Name
Table order

Order ID

Order
Date

Table staff

Total

Customer
ID

Staff ID

Package
Code

Payments

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Staff ID

Staff Name

Address

Phone Number

Table package

Package Code

Package Name

Price

Chef ID

Type

Table chef

Chef ID

Chef name

Address

Phone number

Table order/package

Order ID

Package Code

Quantity

2.1.3 Data Model Verification

Validation Rules
A Validation rule is a criterion used in the process of data validation, carried out
after the data has been encoded onto an input medium and involves a data vet or
validation program. This is distinct from formal verification, where the operation of
a program is determined to be that which was intended, and that meets the
purpose. Validation rules prevent bad data being saved in the table. Basically,
they look like criteria in a query. Below are the example.

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

To do this ...

Validation
Rule for Fields

Explanation

Accept letters (a z) only

Accept digits (0 9) only
Letters and
spaces only

Is Null OR Not
Like "*[!a-z]*"
Is Null OR Not
Like "*[!0-9]*"
Is Null Or Not
Like "*[!a-z OR
"" ""]*"
Is Null OR Not
Like "*[!((a-z) or
(0-9))]*"
Is Null OR Like
"????????"
Is Null OR
Between 1000
And 9999
Is Null OR Like
"####"

Any character outside the range A to Z is rejected. (Case

insensitive.)
Any character outside the range 0 to 9 is rejected. (Decimal
point and negative sign rejected.)
Punctuation and digits rejected.

Digits and letters

only
Exactly 8
characters
Exactly 4 digits

Accepts A to Z and 0 to 9, but no punctuation or other

characters.
The question mark stands for one character.
For Number fields.

For Text fields.

2.2DBMS Software Selection

Cost
The cost is also one of the factors that affect the purchasing decision. In
this case, we will provide the Microsoft access software to the staff. The
purpose of provide the software is to make easier to the staff in restaurant
to organize their data. They have to person which is handling about the
data in the restaurant. So we assume that the cost for Microsoft Access
software per person is RM 450.
Software x two persons
RM 450 x two persons = RM 900.
That is only for one year but we covered for long term uses within 10
years.
Per year x 10 year
RM 900 x 10 year = RM 9000

DBMS features and tools

Relational database
It is the current king of the hill in database technologies. This doesnt
mean that more data will kept in relational databases than other model.
Relational model is good for reduces redundant data and for the speed of

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

complex queries which is have a huge number of tools and APIs to support
them.
Database Dictionary
Data dictionary is an important part of the DBMS which is contains data
about data. It means that it contains the actual database descriptions
used by the DBMS. DBMS will check the data dictionary every time the
database is accessed. The data dictionary contains
Logical structure of database
Scheme, mappings and constrains
Description about application program
Report Generator
It is an application that creates report based on server activity. Reports
are generated by executing queries on data collected in database.
Database Administrator facilities:
1. Selection of hardware and software
Keep up with current technological trends
Predict future changes
Emphasis on established off the shelf products
2. Managing data security and privacy
Protection of data against accidental or intentional loss, destruction, or
misuse
Firewalls
Establishment of user privileges
Portability (platform, system and language)
Portability is the features that enable database to be moved and portable
to a cross platform, system and languages.
DBMS Hardware requirements (RAM, Disk Space)
The software that we used should run on computer operating systems.
The version of the operating system can be equally important as the
operating system brand. In addition, the program that distributed on the
same disk format as our computer uses. An MS-DOS-based DBMS
distributed on a 51/4 inch floppy disk wont be worth much if we have
31/2 inch disk drives, even we have the correct MS-DOS operating system.
The next hardware factor to consider is the number of kilobytes (KB) of
Random Access Memory (RAM) in our system. One kilobyte of RAM will
store about 1,000 characters. The majority of our system computers have
256 KB or more of RAM. Most of the database work with a computer and
software which is the activity takes place in RAM. Every software system

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

requires a minimum amount of RAM to operate properly, we have to make
sure our database system has the minimum RAM the program requires.
We briefly mentioned the importance of disk drives in regard to disk
format, but others aspect of disk drives will influence the choice of a
DBMS. The most common microcomputer disk drives uses a 51/4 inch
floppy disk and also stores 100 to 400 KB of data. Usually, Fixed (or hard)
disk drives are available that stores 5 to 70 megabytes (MB) or more of
data. Floppy disk that be used tend to be slower and stores less data than
fixed disks. Usually, typical computer disk drive configuration includes one
fixed disk and floppy disk, or two of floppy disk.

2.3Logical Design

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Attribute Name

Contents

Types

Format

PK

Customer

Customer ID
Customer
Name
ICNO
Address
Phone

Customer identification
Customer name.
Customer identification card
Customer Address
Customer phone number

char (3)
varchar (20)
number(12)
Char (3)
number(12)

999
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
99999999
999

PK

Staff

Staff ID
Staff Name
Address
Phone number

Staff identification.
Staff name.
Staff address.
Staff hand phone number.

Char (3)
Varchar (20)
Char (3)
number (12)

999
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
99999999

PK

Chef

Chef ID
Chef name
Address
Phone number

Chef identification
Chef name
Chef address
Chef hand phone number

Char (3)
Varchar (20
Char (3)
number (12)

999
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
99999999

PK

Package

Package Code
Package Name
Price
Chef ID
Type

Package code
Package name
Package price
Chef identification
Package type

number (12)
Varchar (20)
Char (3)
char (3)
Varchar (20)

999
Xxxxxxxx
999
999
Xxxxxxxx

PK

Order

Order ID
Order Date
Total
Customer ID
Staff ID
Package Code
Payments

Order identification.
Order date
Total Order.
Customer identification
Staff identification
Package code
Order payments

Char (3)
Date Char (4)
number (12)
char (3)
char (3)
Varchar (20)
number (12)

999
dd-mm-yy
999
999
999
Xxxxxxxx
999

PK

Order/Pac
kage

Order ID
Package Code
Quantity

Order identification
Package code
Order and package quantity

Char (3)
Varchar (20)
Number (12)

999
Xxxxxxxx
999

PK

Table
Name

PK

Primary key
Char
Varchar
Number

= Fixed character length data (1-255 character)

= Variable character length data (1-2,000 character)
= Numeric data

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

3.0Implementation
3.1Create Database
3.1.1 Implementation Description
In modern relational DBMS such as IBM DB2, Oracle or Microsoft
SQL Server, a new database implementation requires the
creation of special storage-related constructs to address the
end-user tables. After the database has been created, the data
must be stored in to the database tables. If the data currently
stored are different from the new DBMS requirement, the data
must

be

converted

first

before

loaded.

During

the

implementation and loading phase, we also must address

performance, security, backup and recovery, integrity, company
standards and concurrency control.
3.2Customers Interface
Input screen

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Output screen

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

PART C
PROJECT REVIEW
1.0Limitations
Although database is developed to make life easier, there are still limitations include:

Database system are complex, difficult and time-consuming to design

Substantial hardware and software startup cost
Damage to database affects virtually all applications program
Extensive conversion costs in moving form a file based system to a database
system
Initial training required for all programmers and of course the user

2.0Future Enhancement
The future enhancement and recommendation that can be implementing are:

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

They need to train the user to get familiar with the database system

CONCLUSION
E-catering System for UiTM is a system that can help restaurant to manage their
activity everyday. This system will help reduce the problems occur while using the
manual system. Furthermore, it is hope that the system can fulfill the user
requirement in the future.
REFERENCES
Coronel, C., Morris, S., & Rob, P. (2013). Database principles: Fundamentals of design,
implementation, and management (10th ed.). USA: Course Technology, Cengage
Learning
Detemple, W. (1989). Future enhancement for full text databases. Online information review,
13(2), 155-160, doi: 10.1108/eb024305
Prashnu Gupta, Ramon A. M., Monger, M., D. (n.d). Database development life cycle.
Rispin, S. (n.d.) Database resources: Information technology for managers. Certified Public
Accountants. Ireland.
What is a database or database management system DBMS? Retrieved on November 30, 2013
from
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_database_or_database_management_system_DB
MS#slide1

APPENDICES

Appendix A - Proposal

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

APPENDIX
A

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

E-catering Proposal

1.0 Project Title

E- Catering Services

2.0 Summary of title

The system that we develop function is to change the hard copy
document and ordering form to the electronic record. This method will
help the caterer headquarter to save cost in the managing the paper
document that need storage and cabinet to keep the the record safe, the
caterer receive order from the customers more than 20 order per day, due
to this problem the caterer need the system that support they
requirement such as this database system that keep all the record on the
electronic. The electronic record also can be retrieve more accurate and
save time compare to the paper document record that need to be search
manually, because the old method to retrieve the record need time to find
the document in the folder, the record maybe lost and cant not be
retrieve on the time. This proven that electronic database are more
efficiency than the manual ways that use paper document. The paper
document cant be easily lost and destroy due to the weather and etc.
3.0 Problem Description
3.1 Scenario
Basically, the people or person must come to the catering company to
order their package of food. They must ask the owner or the employee
there of the package of food that they needs is available or not. Some
of customer also make a phone call when they want to make order,
infrequently it can make the supplier get the incorrect information.
3.2 Problem Statement

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Data of storage difficult to organized.

Lots of time is needed in making retrieval process.
Need large storage to keep the data.
Require a lots of money to keep the data.

3.3 Needs
By build e-catering database, it will:

easy
save
save
save

to organized
time and easy to retrieval
space of storage
cost to save the data

4.0 Objectives of the systems

To make the data storage easy to organized

To identify new customers
To make retrieval process become easily
Reduced data entry, storage, and retrieval costs.
To provide security, safety and storage to data.

5.0 Scope of the Systems

Food Maintenance

We need to kick in the data about the food what the customer want for their
events, can add food, edit the order food and delete the food that customer
choose that we provide.

Users maintenance

We need to kick in all the data about customer which is their name, address,
phone number, time of event, quantity of the food, type of the food and
others.

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Catering maintenance

This is where we need to customize and calculate the price for all the
catering orders. Other than that, we can also can complete the customer
orders, edit the order and cancel the orders.

Staff maintenance

In this data, we can kick in the information about our staffs who will conduct
all the jobs for that event.

6.0 Advantages of the Systems

Reduced data redundancy

- This want to make sure no information is overlap with other

information.
Reduced updating errors and increased consistency
-This will make sure no error while kick in the data and will more

accurate.
Improved data security
Since the data is stored centrally, enforcing security constraints is
much
Easier.

7.0 Project Team

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

7.1 Project Team Roles and Responsibilities

Project Manager
- Roles
+ A project manager is a professional in the field of
project management.
- Responsibilities
+ Project manager can have the responsibility of the
planning, execution and closing of the project.

Programmer
- Roles
+ A programmer is a person who writes computer
software. Its also can be refer to a specialist in one area of
computer programming.
- Responsibilities

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

+ Based on our project, a programmer is the one who use
the software to create the database on the internet (ECatering Services)

System Designer
- Roles
+ Developed system interface, components, system
architectures and etc.
- Responsibilities
+ To make sure the system are user friendly.
+ To make sure the system develop are according to
the user requirements.

Databases Analysis
- Roles
+ To collect data and analyze data for the system.
- Responsibilities
+ To make sure the databases is according too the
the user data and too make sure that no data error
in the systems.

8.0 Project Timeline

8.1 Project Timeline (Gantt chart)

DATABASE APPLICATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Table A: Work Schedule

ACTIVITIES
Pick a topic
Preparing &
Presenting
Proposal for
Research
Discussing
& Designing
Research
Instruments
Collecting
Data
through
primary
sources
Analyzing
Collected
Data
Drafting
Report
Preparing
for
Presentation
Presenting
the Report
Revising the
Final Report
Binding
Final report

WK
2

WK
3

WK
4

WK
5

WK
6

WK
7

WK
8

WK
9

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9.0 Project Risk

o
o
o
o
o

People do not know how to utilize the technology

Server down
Virus
No internet services
Late feedback

10.0 Project Deliverables

10.1 Outcome Of Project
Usually the caterer and the user will do the ordering the catering
package based on orally, this method can cause
misunderstanding between the user and the caterer staff,
because the user may get wrong information from this two ways
communication, with the database, the user can make order from
the computer that been provide at the caterer headquarters, by
this method the user can observe and choose the catering
package correctly. The database method also save storage space
in the caterer headquarter because, a hard copy need a space or
cabinet to store the document. If the caterer manage to save
space, automatically the caterer could save money for document
storage cost, such as spending the money for new cabinet or
renovate the headquarter for the document storage purpose.
10.2 Hardware and Software
o Hardware
Laptop ASUS KJ43S
Quad Core
OS Windows 8 Pro RTM
o Software

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Microsoft Office Word 2010
Microsoft Office Access 2010
Microsoft Visio 2013