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ABSTRACT
Preeclampsia - eclampsia is an important cause of maternal mortality in
Medan beside septic and bleeding. Classified as hypertension induced by pregnancy,
its signed by hypertension, oedema, and proteinuria in preeclampsia, but in
eclampsia, its accompanied by seizure and or coma beside trias preeclampsia.
Profile of this disease is not same in some areas in Indonesia that maybe influent by
different factors of each area.
In this base research, we tried to find what caracteristic of severe
preeclampsia - eclampsia in Medan. The research was done by retrospective descriptive methode, using data from medical record of Hj Adam Malik General
Hospital (RSUHAM), Medan. A descriptive study with a retrospective design method
is done. Medical records were used as secondary data. Samples of this study were all
mothers that were diagnosed with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia that got a
treatment at RSU H.Adam Malik Medan from the year 2008 2010.
61 samples were obtained which 50 cases (82,0%) mother with severe
preeclampsia and 11 cases (18,0%) of eclampsia. Mothers with severe preeclampsiaeclampsia mostly from 21-30 years old (56,0% severe preeclampsia and 45,4%
eclampsia), primigravida (32,8% severe preeclampsia and 27,3% E), educational
status from primary school, SD (42,0% severe preeclampsia and 36,3% E), housewife
(88,0% severe preeclampsia and 81,8% E) and live outside Medan (62,0% severe
preeclampsia and 27,3% E). From 35 patients that have complete data, 16,7%
patients with severe preeclampsia and 18,2% patients with eclampsia was obtained
having hipertension history, meanwhile 12,5% patients with severe preeclampsia and
18,2% patients with eclampsia having diabetes mellitus history
Finding of these caracteristics we hope we can prevent or make early
diagnose and take promt treatment there for severity level of the disease can be
minimized and finaly maternal mortality caused by preeclampsia - eclampsia can be
decressed.
Key words : severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, age, parity, educational status, social
economy, hipertension history, diabetes mellitus history