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YokneamMoshavaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Coordinates:323914.04N3561.07E

YokneamMoshava
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Yokneam(Hebrew:

)isaruralsettlementinIsrael's
NorthDistrict,ontheoutskirtsofthecityofYokneam
Illit.LocatedontheborderoftheJezreelValleyandthe
MenasheHeights,itfallsunderthejurisdictionofthe
MegiddoRegionalCouncil.Yokneamisadministratedby
alocalcommitteewhichiselectedeveryfiveyears.[2]In
2014ithadapopulationof1,350.

Yokneam

Contents
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Acquiringtheland
2.2 Earlyyears
2.3 AftertheestablishmentofIsrael
3 References
4 Bibliography
5 Furtherreading

Etymology
Yokneamisnamedafterabiblicalcitystatementionedin
Joshua12:22:
ThekingofKedesh,onethekingof
JokneamofCarmel,one

Yokneam

Coordinates:323914.04N3561.07E
District
Council
Affiliation

Northern
Megiddo
AgriculturalUnion

Founded
Foundedby

1935
JewsfromtheYishuvandJewish
immigriants.

Population
(2014)[1]

1,350

YokneamisalsomentionedinJoshua19:1011asoneofthebordersoftheTribeofZebulun:
AndthethirdlotcameupforthechildrenofZebulunaccordingtotheirfamilies:andtheborderof
theirinheritancewasuntoSarid:Andtheirborderwentuptowardthesea,andMaralah,and
reachedtoDabbasheth,andreachedtotheriverthatisbeforeJokneam

History
Acquiringtheland
Inaround1872thelandwaspurchasedbythreefamiliesandwassplitintotwosections:thefirstwasownedby
theSursockandTuenifamiliesofBeirut,andthesecondwasownedbytheKhourifamilyofHaifa.Both
sectionswerethesamesizeandtogethermeasured17,500dunamsintotal.TwoArabminorsharecropper
villagescalledQiraandQamunexistedontheland.QirawaslocatednearthespringoftheShofetriverand
QamunwaslocatedonTelQamun,thelocationoftheancientcityofYokneam.[3]

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YehoshuaHankin,aprominentZionistactivistandoneofthemanagersofthePalestineLandDevelopment
CompanywhohadhadclosetieswiththeSursockfamilysince1891,plannedtopurchaselandintheJezreel
Valleyownedbythefamily.In1924,theSursockfamilyinitiatedthedealandHankinpurchasedthesectionof
thelandthatwasownedbytheSursockandTuenifamilies(8,750dunams)forapriceof37,686Palestine
pounds.On6February1934,afteryearsofnegotiations,HankinpurchasedtheotherhalffromtheKhouri
family(8,750dunams)forapriceof40,391Palestinepounds.TheKhourifamilyfinallyagreedtothedeal
becauseitwentbankrupt.[3]70dunamsofthelandweretransferredtothekibbutzofHaZorea.[4]

Earlyyears
In1933,250agriculturallandplotswereofferedforsale.ThebuyerswereJewsfromMandatoryPalestineas
wellasfamiliesfromBahrain,Germany,Netherlands,Greece,Lebanon,Lithuania,Iraq,andPoland.Thefirst
familiesarrivedon2December1935andpopulated100ofthe250landplotstheystartedfencingtheirplots
andbuildingpermanentstructures.TherestofthelandwasstillheldbyBeduinsharecroppersfromQira,who
refusedtoleave.[5][6]Yokneamwasuniquebecauselandwasprivatelyownedbytheresidents,wholater
transferredthelandtotheJewishNationalFund.[7]
Themoshavasufferedinitsearlyyearsfromlackofsupportfromtheauthorities,undrainedvalleylands,hilly
landsdifficultforagriculture,andanoveralleconomiccrisis,leadinghalfofthefamiliestoleave.[8]Oneofthe
reasonsfortheeconomiccrisiswasthatmostofthelandacquiredforYokneamwasstillpopulatedbythetwo
Beduintribes,whoinhabitedthearablelandinthenearbyplains.Whilemostofthesharecroppersleftand
receivedcompensationpriortothefoundationofYokneam,attemptstomediatebetweentheremaining
sharecroppersandtheJewsfailed.Anotherattemptwasmadein1936withthehelpofaninfluentialemir,who
triedtotalkwiththemukhtarofQira,buttheoutbreakofthe193639revoltsuspendedthemediation.[9]
Duringtherevolt,militantsfromYusufAbuDurra'sgroupputheavypressureonthesharecroppersnottoleave
theland.Followingthesuspensionofthetalks,residentsfromYokneamandHaZoreatriedtotakelandby
graduallyfencingfieldsinSeptember1936,butafteraviolentincidenttheBritishpoliceintervenedandthe
landwasreturnedtothesharecroppers.[4]InMay1939,aftertheendoftherevolt,themukhtarofoneofthe
BeduintribessentalettertoHankin,tellinghimhewaswillingtoevacuatethelandbecausethetribewantedto
movetoShefa'Amr.TheotherBeduintribelateragreedtoevacuate.Byfall1939mostofthesharecroppers
hadevacuatedthefieldsandtheremainderstayedinQiraitself.[9]
Theeconomiccrisisendedinthe1940s[6]afteramemberofthemoshava,FritzLevinger,tookituponhimself
toadministerthevillage.Levingerwasdescribedasthe"centralman,theleader,theMukhtar,theideological
leaderofYokneam".Inthattime,YokneamhadsomedisputeswiththenearbykibbutzofHaZoreaoverwork,
land,andwater.[8]In1945amunicipalitywasestablishedforYokneam,withthestatusofalocalcouncil.[10]In
March1948thelastsharecroppersfledthelandinfearfollowingtheArabdefeatintheBattleofMishmar
HaEmek.[11]

AftertheestablishmentofIsrael
In1950,afterthe1948ArabIsraeliwar,ama'abara(absorptioncamp)waserectedwithintheboundariesof
themoshava,whichatthetimeretainedthestatusofalocalcouncil.[12]Levingerheadedthelocalcounciluntil
1955.Between1950and1955,thevillageabsorbed60familiesandthema'abaraabsorbed350families.[8]In
1967thema'abarawasalreadyatown[6]andthevillageandtownweredividedintoYokneamMoshava
whichjoinedtheMegiddoRegionalCouncilandYokneamIllitwhichlaterturnedintoacity.Thedivision
wasmadeduetothedesireoftheresidentsofthemoshavatoremainaruralsettlementandnotadevelopment
town.BoththemoshavaandYokneamIllitdevelopedacooperativerelationshipandbuiltajointindustrial
zone,incooperationwiththeDruzetownsofDaliyatalKarmelandIsfiya.[12]

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In2013,themayorofYokneamIllitappealedtotheInteriorMinisterofIsraeltocreateacommitteetoexamine
theoptionofannexingthemoshavaintothecity,whichtheresidentsofthemoshavastronglyopposed.
YokneamIllit'smayorsaidthatthecityneededspaceforexpansionandthemoshavawasstandinginthe
way.[12]
Inthe1980sand1990s,themoshavaabsorbedresidentsfromurbanareas.Todaythemoshavaisarural
settlement,withsomeresidentsworkinginagricultureandsomeoutsidethemoshava.[6]

References
1."Listoflocalities,inAlphabeticalorder"(PDF).IsraelCentralBureauofStatistics.Retrieved4September2016.
2."HistoryofYokneamHaMoshava".YokneamWebsite(inHebrew).Retrieved17August2016.
3.Levinger,1987(http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_42.5.pdf),p.153155
4.Levinger,1987(http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_42.5.pdf),p.161162
5.Levinger,1987(http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_42.5.pdf),p.156158
6."[Yokneam]"(inHebrew).Mapa.Retrieved1August2016.
7."[YokneamMoshava]".MegiddoRegionalCouncilwebsite(inHebrew).Retrieved1August2016.
8.Uri,Dromi(27September2009)."19112009,,,,[FritzLevinger,German,
Farmer,fromthefirstofYokneamanditsleaders]".Haaretz(inHebrew).Retrieved1August2016.
9.Levinger,1987(http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_42.5.pdf),p.165166
10."Workers'partiesinthemunicipalitiesinarise".AlHaMishmar(inHebrew).4December1945.Retrieved
21September2016.
11.Levinger,1987(http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_42.5.pdf),p.168
12.Ashkenazi,Eli(29August2013)."GalileeMayorOpensOldWoundsinBidtoAnnexRuralNeighbor".Haaretz.
Retrieved1August2016.

Bibliography
Levinger,Fritz(1987).LandpurchaseinYokenamareaaffair(http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttach
edFiles/Article_42.5.pdf)(Catedra,p.153170)

Furtherreading
Levinger,Fritz(1993).Yokneam,TheIrregularVillage,19351985.Maarechet.
Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yokneam_Moshava&oldid=741828289"
Categories: MegiddoRegionalCouncil VillagesinIsrael AgriculturalUnion
Populatedplacesestablishedin1935 PopulatedplacesinNorthernDistrict(Israel)
1935establishmentsinMandatoryPalestine
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