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Pankaj Dixit
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ABSTRACT
Sandeep Singh Bhadoriya, Ankit
Mangal
Vikrant Institute of pharmacy, Indore
(M.P),India
Narendra Madoriya
Vikram University, Department of
pharmacy,Ujjain (M.P),India
Pankaj Dixit
IPS academy, C.O.P ,
Indore(M.P),India
1. INTRODUCTION
Bioavailability refers to the extent to and rate at which the active moiety (drug or metabolite)
enters systemic circulation, thereby accessing the site of action. Bioavailability of a drug is largely
determined by the properties of the dosage form (which depend partly on its design and manufacture),
rather than by the drug's physicochemical properties, which determine absorption potential (Merck et
al.,2012 ).
Correspondence author:
Sandeep Singh Bhadoriya
Vikrant Institute of Pharmacy, Indore
Mob no: 08871696701
Email:
Sandeepbhadoriya10@gmail.com
The use of herbs for treating various ailments dates back several centuries. Usually, herbal
medicine has relied on tradition that may or may not be supported by empirical data. The belief that
natural medicines are much safer than synthetic drugs has gained popularity in recent years and led to
tremendous growth of phytopharmaceutical usage. Market driven information on natural products is
widespread and has further fostered their use in daily life. In most countries there is no universal
regulatory system that insures the safety and activity of phytopharmaceuticals. Evidence-based
verification of the efficacy of HMPs (herbal medicinal products, botanicals) is still frequently lacking.
However, in recent years, data on evaluation of the therapeutic and toxic activity of herbal medicinal
products became available. The advances in analytical technology have led to discovery of many new
active constituents and an ever-increasing list of putatively active constituents. Establishing the
pharmacological basis for efficacy of HMPs is a constant challenge. Of particular interest is the question
of bioavailability to assess to what degree and how fast compounds are absorbed after administration of
HMPs. Of further interest is the elucidation of metabolic pathways (yielding potentially new active
compounds), and the assessment of elimination routes and their kinetics. These data become an important
issue to link data from pharmacological assays and clinical effects. Of interest are currently also
interactions of herbal medicinal products with synthetically derived drug products. A better understanding
of the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of phytopharmaceuticals can also help in designing rational
dosage regimens (Bhattaram et al.,2002 ).
was also given to mice, and did not show any evidence of
undesirable effects. In addition to polymer-encapsulated curcumin,
other nanobased drug delivery systems being employed for
curcumin include curcumin nanocrystals, curcumin nanoparticles,
nanoemuls nanoliposome-encapsulated curcumin, curcumin-loaded
polymeric micelles, cyclodextrin/curcumin selfassembly, curcumin
nanosuspension, solid-lipid nanoparticles etc.
2. Nanotechnology approaches to enhance the bioavailability of
berberine hydrochloride
Berberine hydrochloride is a conventional component in
Chinese medicine, and is characterized by a diversity of
pharmacological effects. However, due to its hydrophobic
properties, along with poor stability and bioavailability, the
application of berberine hydrochloride was hampered for a long
time. In recent years, the pharmaceutical preparation of berberine
hydrochloride has improved to achieve good prospects for clinical
application, especially for novel nanoparticulate delivery systems.
Moreover, anticancer activity and novel mechanisms have been
explored, the chance of regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in
cancer cells showing more potential than ever. Therefore, it is
expected that appropriate pharmaceutical procedures could be
applied to the enormous potential for anticancer efficacy, to give
some new insights into anticancer drug preparation in Chinese
medicine ( Tan et al., 2011 ).
3. Nanotechnology approaches
bioavailability of colchicine
to
enhance
the
oral
Active ingredients
Triptolide
Flavonoids and lignans
R. salvia miltiorrhiza
miltiorrhiza nanoparticles
Taxel-loaded nanoparticles
Glycyrrhizic acid-loaded
Nanoparticles
Naringenin-loaded
Nanoparticles
Taxel
Glycyrrhizic Acid
Naringenin
Biological activity
Anti-inflammatory
Hepatoprotective,
antioxidant effects
Coronary heart diseases,
Reference
(Zhinan et al., 2003)
(Feng-Lin et al., 2008 )
(Youfang et al., 2009:
Su et al., 2008 )
angina
Anticancer
Anti-inflammatory,
antihypertensiv
Hepatoprotective
Expected benefits
Shows superior activity as compared to that of solution of regular curcumin in DMSO.
Nanocurcumin shows that it is as effective as the larger amount of free compound
against pancreatic cell growth
enhances antiinflammation activity
improves bioavailability resulting in remarkable reduction in dose
Enhances biovailability along with photostability
Exhibit large improvement in antimalarial action as compared to that of curcumin control
exhibit antifibrillogenic activity having potential to target Alzheimers disease pathogenic marker
For diagnostic and therapeutic
Enhancement of antioxidant and antihepatoma activity
Reference
(Bhawana et al., 2011 )
(Bisht et al., 2007 )
(Wang et al., 2008 )
(Kakkar, et al., 2011 )
(Onoue et al., 2010 )
(Dandekar et al., 2010 )
(Dandekar et al., 2010 )
(Mourtas et al., 2011)