Improving The Local Planning Process

University of the
Philippines
IMPROVING THE LOCAL

PLANNING PROCESS:
Focus on the
CLUP & CDP
School of Urban and

Regional Planning
December 2005
UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Number
List of Tables and Figures

Foreword
ii
iii
1.
Introduction
2.
Objectives of the Paper
3. A Review of the Current Local Planning Process followed in the

1
Preparation of the CLUP, CDP and the ELA
1
3.1 The HLURB Process
7
3.2 DILGs Executive-Legislative Agenda
10
10
14
15
4. Critical Issues in the Local Planning Process

4.1 The CLUP and CDP Process
4.2 Timeframes of CLUP and CDP
4.3 Agencies involved in the CDP and CLUP Preparation
5. Recommended Definitions of Planning Terms Commonly Used 19

19
in the CLUP and CDP Preparation
19
5.1 Land Use Planning
20
5.2 Comprehensive Land Use Plan
21
5.3 Comprehensive Development Plan
22
5.4 Zoning
22
5.5 Zoning Ordinance
23
5.6 Local Development Investment Program
23
5.7 Annual Investment Program
5.8 Executive-Legislative Agenda
6.
Conclusion
24
Bibliography
25
List of Tables
Page Number
Table 1. Components of the Strategic Planning Process
Table 2. Basic Steps of Strategic Planning Process in the
Preparation or Revision of CLUP
1
U.P. School of Urban and Regional Planning (SURP)
6
6
Table 3. Timeframes of CLUP and CDP

Table 4. Matrix of the Roles of Various Agencies in Planning
(Outside of Metro Manila) Based on Legal Issuances
Table 5. Matrix of the Roles of Various Agencies in Planning
(for Metro Manila) Based on Legal Issuances
14
18
18
List of Figures
Page Number
Figure 1. The CLUP Process
3
Figure 2. Preparation of Strategic CLUP
5
Figure 3. The Relationship of the ELA to the other LGU Plans
FOREWORD
All cities and municipalities are mandated by law to formulate their respective
comprehensive land use plan, comprehensive multi-sectoral development plan, and
public investment program. These documents are referred to in practice as
Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP), Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) and
Local Development Investment Program (LDIP). The importance of these documents
cannot be overemphasized as they provide guidance and specific courses of action for
the sustainable development of the subject city or municipality.
It was noted that existing guidelines pertaining to the production of the CLUP, CDP
and LDIP contain conflicting provisions that would confuse preparers of these
documents. In an inter-agency meeting on local planning attended by representatives
from the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), Housing and Land Use
Regulatory Board (HLURB), National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA),
Department of Budget and Management (DBM), the League of Local Planners,
University of the Philippines School of Urban and Regional Planning (UP SURP), and
the Local Government Support Project (LGSP) held on 14 June 2005, it was decided
that UP SURP would take the lead in coming up with a position paper on the local
planning process.
This paper presents the output of UP SURP. It outlines a planning process that
underlines the interactive and iterative nature of CLUP and CDP. It also shows their
relationships with the Executive Legislative Agenda (ELA) and the LDIP. Other contents
of the paper include time frames of the various planning documents, recommended
definitions of important planning terms and existing roles played by agencies
concerned with local planning. It is worth mentioning that this position paper
represents the unanimous views of the faculty of UP SURP.
2
The production of this paper would not have been possible without the hard work and
dedication of many people and institutions. Let me acknowledge the works of the
SURP CLUP-CDP Committee and its core group, chaired by the undersigned, who
drafted and deliberated on the paper to succinctly embody the views of the entire
SURP faculty. The members of the committee are Dr. Zenaida A. Manalo, Prof.
Carmelita R.E.U. Liwag and Prof. Jose Edgardo A. Gomez Jr., who all belong to the core
group, as well as Dr. Benjamin V. Carino, Prof. Ernesto M. Serote, Dr. David Leonides T.
Yap and Prof. Rabinder Dickton S. Rye. Thanks are extended to Ms. Cyd B. LozaAvendao and Mr. Leoneil C. Maranan for providing administrative support and to the
LGSP through Ms. Divina Luz Lopez and Mr. Charlie Singer for facilitating and
supporting inter-agency coordination meetings. Special mention also goes to the
DILG, HLURB and NEDA representatives, particularly Assistant Secretary Austere
Panadero, Commissioner Francis L. Dagnalan, and Deputy Director General Marcelina
E. Bacani for their assistance and cooperation in the preparation of this paper.
Finally, the publication of this paper is handled by the Research and Publications
Division of UP SURP under the directorship of Dr. Zenaida A. Manalo and financially
supported by the UP Planning and Development Research Foundation, Inc.
PRIMITIVO C. CAL
Dean, UP SURP
3
IMPROVING THE LOCAL PLANNING PROCESS:

FOCUS ON THE CLUP AND THE CDP
1. Introduction
In an Inter-agency meeting on local planning attended by representatives from DILG,
HLURB, NEDA, DBM, the League of Local Planners, UP SURP and the LGSP held
last 14 June 2005, it was decided that UP SURP would take the lead in coming up
with a position paper on the local planning process. This UP SURP position paper will
specifically address the following issues: the relationship between the CLUP and the
CDP and their timeframes; the acceptable definitions of vital planning terms; the
content of the CLUP; and the roles played by agencies concerned with local
development planning.
2. Objectives of the Paper

The objectives of this paper are:
2.1 Present a review of the current local planning process followed in the preparation
of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and the Comprehensive
Development Plan (CDP) as well as a review of the legal mandates that defined
the roles of national and local agencies with respect to the local planning process;
2.2 Array the key definitions given to the planning terms commonly used in the
preparation of the CLUP and the CDP with the intent of reaching a consensus as
to the definitions that can be accepted by all national and local planning agencies
concerned;
2.3 Address critical issues in planning specifically the relationship between the CLUP
and the CDP, the relationship between these plans and the Executive-Legislative
Agenda (ELA) and the time frames for these plans; and
2.4 Generate recommendations on the above for consideration by the Technical
Working Group, composed of the HLURB, DILG, NEDA, DBM, League of
Planners and the LGSP, for the enhancement of local planning.
3. A Review of the Current Local Planning Process followed in the Preparation of the
CLUP, CDP and the ELA
3.1 The HLURB Process
The Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) is the governments regulatory
body responsible for land use and housing and in the land use planning of local
communities (LOI 729 s. 1978, PD 933, EO 648 s. 1981 as amended by EO 90 s.
1986, PD 1396, RA 7160, EO 72 s. 1993, and RA 7279).
The HLURBs functions are comprehensive and include:
1
Prescribe the standards and guidelines governing the preparation of land use plans;
Extend technical and related forms of planning assistance to the local government
units (LGUs);
Review and approve the comprehensive land use plan (CLUP) of highly urbanized
cities, independent component cities, provinces and the cities and municipalities of
Metro Manila, which are enacted through zoning ordinances and stand as the
primary and dominant bases for the use of land resources in the respective localities;
Monitor the implementation of these plans; and,
Adjudicate and settle disputes over the same.
3.1.1 The Old Ten-Volume Guidelines

In pursuit of its mandate, the HLURB has promulgated updated/revised
planning and zoning guidelines and standards. Entitled Guidelines for the
Formulation/Revision of A Comprehensive Land Use Plan, this set of
guidelines comes in ten volumes. Its latest publication series came out in
1998.
This ten-volume publication series is intended to be a ready reference for
planners and other technical and/or administrative personnel who are
involved in the formulation and/or revision of the CLUP as well as the
preparation of training courses for the planner and development staff of
LGUs. As such, the tool is not prescriptive; it encourages flexibility and
innovativeness especially in communities with unique characteristics and
special problems.
This ten-volume guidebook is intended to be used as a reference
document in the preparation of the CLUP as illustrated in the process flow
chart in Figure 1 on the next page. The guidelines suggest a sectoral
approach to planning with the first six volumes dedicated to a detailed
discussion on each of the sectors constituting the CLUP (i.e., I
Demography, II Economic Sector, III Social Sector, IV Infrastructure and
Utilities Sector, V Land Use
and Environmental Management, and VI Local Administration).
Presentation and discussion for each sector proceed sequentially as
follows:
Gathering of data specifying the set of requirements and its

corresponding organization (e.g. tables, maps, charts and graphs) and
analysis;
Identification of problems and analysis of existing and projected
scenario with attendant procedures/methodologies;
Formulation of goals (broad and general statements) and objectives
(specific intentions and tangible details) of development, which shall
be in harmony with prescribed national, regional and provincial
intentions; and
Sectoral plan proposals inclusive of policies, strategies and programs
in pursuit of identified goals and objectives.
2
Figure 1. The CLUP Process

3
Volume VII, Mapping Guidelines, presents the methodology of mapping as

used in land use planning. It focuses on basic instruction for map
preparation and its application in land use planning, including a short
overview of GIS and its usefulness in land use planning.
Volume VIII, Report Writing Guidelines, presents principal elements
generally included in the preparation of a comprehensive land use plan
report. It serves as decision and reference document for local government
and other uses.
Volume IX, Guidelines for Plan Review, Adoption and Approval Process, is
intended to enlighten the local planners and all concerned parties on the
plan review, adoption and approval process. It seeks to ensure a
consistent review process and an expeditious and subsequent approval of
the CLUP and zoning ordinance.
Volume X, Model Zoning Ordinance, presents the revised model of a zoning
ordinance which serves to legally translate the CLUP.
3.1.2
Planning Strategically, the New Set of Guidelines

In 2001, the HLURB Board of Commissioners passed Resolution No. 714
approving the guidelines specifically entitled Planning Strategically:
Guidelines for the Application of the Strategic Planning Process in the
Preparation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and Important
Urban Area Issues and Problems. This new set of guidelines came
about in HLURBs recognition of the following issues:
the existing ten-volume guidelines, as it is being used for cities and

municipalities, do not adequately cater for the special land use demands,
issues and opportunities faced by the countrys larger and rapidly
expanding cities;
one of the problems confronting the governance of major urban areas is
the inadequacy of existing HLURB guidelines as they relate to the
challenges of strategic planning and urban management; and,
another problem that needs to be addressed in the context of good
governance is the absence of guidelines on the conduct of public
consultation.
In addressing these issues and problems which, as mentioned above,
culminated in the passage of Resolution No. 714, HLURB entered into an
activity agreement with the AusAIDs Philippine-Australia Governance
Facility (PAGF), on the project entitled Guidelines for Strategic Planning in
Urban Areas Project. The project included the preparation of guidelines to
assist city LGUs in revising/formulating a more responsive CLUP with
respect to strategic planning anchored on genuine community participation
and the enhancement of the planning skills of HLURB staff.
The Strategic Planning Process, Figure 2, is indicated as a 10-step
process addressing the four major components of Vision, Existing
Conditions, Strategy, and Monitoring, and is described in greater detail in
Tables 1 and 2.
4
Figure 2. Preparation of Strategic CLUP
5
Table 1. Components of the Strategic Planning Process

COMPONENT
VISION
EXISTING
CONDITION
STRATEGY
MONITORING
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
DESCRIPTION
WHERE DO YOU WANT TO BE IN A PARTICULAR
TIME?
the preferred future environment
WHERE ARE YOU NOW?
the existing/current environment/situation
HOW DO YOU ACHIEVE YOUR VISION?
- policies and actions to achieve the vision based on
analysis of opportunities and constraints and the
analysis of projections and scenarios for the future
HOW IS THE STRATEGY PERFORMING HAVING
REGARD TO CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCES?
monitoring and review
Table 2. Basic Steps of Strategic Planning Process

in the Preparation or Revision of CLUP
Getting Organized
This is to be initiated by the planning office (PO) to ensure that
planning activities have the proper administrative, technical
and financial support.
Setting the Vision
This enables the community to articulate the kind of future it
prefers.
Determining/establishing existing conditions
This step leads to documentation and understanding of
existing conditions prevailing within and adjacent to the
planning area.
Formulating achievable objectives: essential and
discriminatory This process will identify essential and
discriminatory objectives consistent with the vision formulated
in Step 2.
Generating options for policies and actions
This stage identifies policies and PPPs.
Evaluating options and selecting a preferred strategy
This will identify the preferred strategy or development option
and include justification of the chosen option.
Consultation and refining the preferred option
This will refine or identify the preferred strategic option or
develop other strategies that are achievable based on the
documented projections, resource allocation and planning
periods.
Implementing the strategy
This will establish a detailed implementation program for the
prioritized PPPs in the adopted CLUP and undertaking
necessary amendments or changes to existing statutory or
legal provisions of the LGU (e.g. LGU Executive Orders,
policies, ordinances, etc.).
6
Step 9
Monitoring and review

This will evaluate, verify or confirm the extent of actual
implementation; if actions taken are consistent with the policies
of the adopted CLUP; and whether adjustments are needed
due to changing circumstances.
Step
Revision of strategy
This ensures that the CLUP or a particular strategic plan is
10
dynamic or remains relevant in a constantly evolving
environment.
Some Notes in Considering the Strategic Planning Process:
Planners/users should remember though that the process is flexible and the
steps can be interchangeable.
How, and to what extent, the steps are used will depend on the complexity of
the sector or the theme being examined. The TWG, other committee, or task
force established to undertake or manage the preparation of the project (i.e.
the CLUP, its partial update, or any other planning issue) is also expected to
consider the steps required to undertake it.
Steps 2 and 3 (Setting the Vision and Defining Existing Conditions) are
always interchangeable. The order of application will vary from place to
place and applicable circumstances, and even on local preferences or
customs.
The preparation of forecasts or projections in Step 3 (Defining Existing
Conditions) should reduce the need for too much additional analysis in Step
5 (Generating Options for Policy and Actions).
How Strategic Planning Helps Make the CLUP More Responsive to Community Needs:
Its emphasis on genuine proactive participatory consultation can provide the

level of community ownership and legitimacy that will force apolitical
(bipartisan or multi-party) commitment from the LGUs elected members
irrespective of political changes. It is the communitys and stakeholders
belief (ownership) in the strategically based CLUP that will ensure the
realization of its objectives and projects and demand political and
administrative accountability for its implementation;
The strategic CLUP also provides the basis for the most rational and
effective use of the nations scarcest resource land;
Importantly, a good strategic CLUP provide the planning certainty that the
community and stakeholders need for confident and predictable
decisionmaking. A well planned and strongly administered CLUP will limit
the worst excesses of speculation and the Strategic Planning process will
enable the updating or revision of CLUPs without the need for substantial
data gathering. Usefully, the process will also identify LGU data shortages
and other issues. These can in turn become priorities for future resolution;
The Strategic Planning approach provides for rational horizontal and vertical
integration of the separate sector sub-strategies of the CLUP. Integration
enables a more valid prioritization of programs, projects, and plans (PPPs)
and other identified issues, and hence the more relevant disbursement of
budgets to meet community expectations;
A strategically prepared CLUP provides a comprehensive overall
development framework to guide the LGU towards the achievement of the
community and stakeholder vision and a better quality of life; and
The long-term social, environmental and financial costs to the community will
be minimized.
7
3.2 DILGs Executive-Legislative Agenda (ELA)

Another development in the field of local planning is the coming about of the
ELA. The following is from the Manual entitled How to Formulate an Executive
and Legislative Agenda (ELA) for Local Governance and Development. This
was published in 2004 by the Philippines-Canada Local Government Support
Program (LGSP).
The ELA is defined as an integrated plan that is mutually developed and agreed
upon by the Executive and Legislative departments of the LGUs. The document
contains major development thrusts and priorities of both departments for their
3-year term of office consistent with the development vision and mission of the
locality. The ELA is envisioned to be many things. These are summarized
below:
A planning and budgetary tool which:

provides a development roadmap for the LGU;
helps identify results that will contribute to the LGUs long-term vision;
identifies priority programs and projects that will help accomplish these results;
and
- organizes and allocates local resources in a rational and results-oriented
manner.
-
A transparency and accountability tool which:

informs the constituents of the LGUs medium-term development
priorities for which the local chief executive (LCE) and the other
elective officials make themselves accountable; and
- facilitates the consultation process between the LCE and the various
- stakeholders.
-
A social mobilization tool which:

promotes active and quality participation of
the community in local
development
planning;
- helps rally support from stakeholders; and
- helps unite the broader LGU community.
-
A performance management tool which:

provides a basis for ensuring that LGU plans are implemented and are
producing the desired impact; and
- helps set performance targets to the various departments of the LGU, thus
encouraging greater accountability for results.
-
A communication tool which:

allows elective officials to present and articulate their political agenda and
seek its integration in the ELA;
- creates opportunities for the community to give feedback and voice out their
issues and concerns to the LGU, and the LCE in particular;
- encourages closer interface between the executive and legislative officials;
and
- allows for elected officials to report back their accomplishments and
achievements.
-
A convergence tool which:
8
encourages collaboration between the executive and legislative

departments; and
provides avenues for consensus among diverse stakeholders in pursuing a
set of unified actions designed to bring about the desired changes in the
local community.
The ELA targets the following as its main users: Local Chief Executives,
Sanggunian members, the Local Development Council, LGU personnel and
local planning professionals. The principal uses of the ELA are as follows: to
lead the Executive and Legislative branches towards a unified vision, mission,
goals and objectives; to enable the Executive and Legislative branches to
agree to priority problems and issues; to help the LGU focus on a set of
interventions towards the attainment of a common set of goals and objectives;
to increase the chances for implementation of priority programs of the
Executive department if the Legislative branch formulates ordinances in support
of the LCE program of government; and to speed up the implementation of
priority projects.
With respect to the relationship of the ELA to the other LGU plans, the manual
asserts that the ELA does not replace or supplant the existing plans of the LGU.
But rather, it builds on the existing plans which LGUs are mandated to prepare.
The ELA is considered as an implementing instrument of the Comprehensive
Development Plan. Figure 3 shows the relationship of the ELA to the CLUP,
the CDP, the Barangay Development Plans and other sectoral plans, the zoning
plan and ordinance.
Long-Term
Framework
Plan
Medium-Term
Development
Plan
Implementation
Instruments
Zoning Plan/
Ordinance
Comprehensive
Land Use Plan
Barangay Development
Plans and Other Sectoral
Plans
Comprehensive
Development
Plan
EXECUTIVE
LEGISLATIVE AGENDA (ELA)
Local Development
Investment Program
Regulatory Measures
Annual Investment
Plan
Figure 3. The Relationship of the ELA to the Other LGU Plans
The ELA process is a cyclical process made up of three (3) stages, namely, the
ELA preparation, the ELA implementation and the ELA performance
management. In the ELA preparation, the vision, mission, goals, priority
programs and projects, capacities needed and the supporting policy and
legislative measures are set in consultation with the various stakeholders. In
the ELA implementation, the priority programs and projects are carried out
while in the ELA performance management, a two-way feedback mechanism is
established which involves the Local Chief Executive reporting back the ELA to
the community, and the community giving back feedback to the LGUs on a
regular basis. The ELA process is described to be practical, needs-based,
9
action-oriented and participatory resulting in broad-based support from critical

stakeholders.
In carrying out the ELA process, the following steps are suggested: planning to
plan; prioritizing issues; consulting with stakeholders; defining/revisiting the
LGU vision and mission; formulating goals and objectives; prioritizing programs,
projects and capacity development needs; determining legislative requirements;
building commitment; securing endorsement and approval; moving the ELA to
action; popularizing the ELA; managing and sustaining ELA implementation.
4. Critical Issues in the Local Planning Process

4.1 The CLUP and CDP Process
The recommended CLUP and CDP interactive and iterative planning process is depicted
in Figure 4. It may be noted that the preparation of CLUP and the CDP is basically
divided into two parts. The first part, which is common to both plan preparation, is
aimed at coming out with a preferred spatial strategy that serves as the backbone
for both plans. The second part takes off from the first part and adopts a process
that is specific to each plan. The broad steps are described below.
10
Figure 4. CITY/MUNICIPALITY CLUP AND CDP PROCESS

4.1.1 Formulation of Alternative Spatial Strategies and Selection of the
Preferred Spatial Strategy
The formulation of Alternative Spatial Strategies and Selection of the Preferred Spatial
Strategy are vital stages in the local development planning process and
are concerned specifically with the physical aspects of planning. In
determining the preferred spatial strategy, it is important to remember that
the supply of scarce land and other physical resources and their existing
uses as well as the demand for land to accommodate prospective uses in
pursuance of the citys vision should be carefully considered.
As shown in Figure 4, data collection and analysis is first carried out. Also referred to as
Situational Analysis, it aims to obtain all relevant information needed to
gain a better understanding of the study area. The output of the Situational
11
Analysis is called Socio-Economic-Physical Profile or, the more recent

term, Ecological Profile.
With the Ecological Profile as the background, all the stakeholders in the
City/Municipality proceed to formulate the Vision, the Overall Development
Goals and Objectives. The Vision embodies where the City/Municipality
wants to be in the future. Overall Development Goals and Objectives are
the general and specific direction and quality of development desired by a
community and its population.
The Ecological Profile containing both sectoral and physical data, together with the multistakeholder-generated Vision, Overall Development Goals and Objectives,
provide the preliminary basis for forecasting the future situation. These in
turn become inputs to the formulation of Alternative Spatial Strategies. In
this stage of the process and in the subsequent testing and evaluation of
such strategies, the results of the detailed sectoral studies particularly the
physical requirements of the proposed programs and projects of the
various sectors as well as the indicative financial implications of such
become main considerations in deciding on the preferred spatial strategy.
Needless to say, the consultative process is observed to the fullest with
participation from the POs, NGOs and the private sector with the LGU as
main facilitator inasmuch as the resulting physical configuration of the
City/Municipality and the future use of its land and physical resources have
tremendous implications on both the present and future generations.
4.1.2
CLUP Preparation and Detailing
Using the preferred spatial strategy as the backbone, a CLUP will be prepared and
detailed. More details will be added into each land use classification. Land
use policies will be developed in support of the chosen spatial strategy.
This step is done in close coordination with the CDP preparation especially
in providing spatial dimensions to each of the sectors. In the same manner,
results of detailed sectoral studies that have physical implications are fed
into the CLUP preparation.
Like the spatial strategy, the CLUP is developed for a 15-year planning period. This
document will be the basis for the formulation of the zoning ordinance,
which is a local legal measure which embodies regulations
affecting land use. Other tools implementing the CLUP will also be
formulated such as the Investment Incentives Code, the Environmental
Code, Traffic and Transportation Code, Health and Sanitation Code and,
Gender and Development Code to name a few.
4.1.3
CDP Preparation
As previously defined, the CDP is a document embodying the vision, sectoral goals and
objectives, strategies, policies, short-medium-long term programs and
projects for the growth and development of the city/municipality. The plan
is a complete document that includes even projects of the national
government. It is proposed that three (3) CDPs will be prepared, one each
for three planning periods, namely short-term, medium-term, and longterm. This may not necessarily mean 3 separate documents but one CDP
divided into 3 timeframes.
12
The short-term CDP could be developed immediately after data collection and analysis
and would provide immediate solutions to identified problems, while
ensuring consistency with the overall vision, goals and objectives that have
been set. A number of programs and projects in the short-term CDP are
those already committed and in the pipeline.
Detailed sectoral studies will be carried out in producing the long-term CDP (15-year
plan). For some sectors, this could entail the formulation of options, use of
mathematical models for option testing, and full evaluation of each option.
This step of the process will still be guided by the overall vision and
sectoral goals and objectives.
The medium-term CDP is derived by operational interpolation between the long-term and
short-term CDPs. Operational interpolation means arriving at the 6-year
plan through programming of intervention between the two periods. The
production of the medium-term would not anymore entail full evaluation as
such has already been done for the long-term planning horizon. To ensure
consistency with the CLUP, the time period for the long-term CDP is also
15 years.
4.1.4 The ELA
The ELA, as described in Section 3.2 of this paper, is adopted with a slight modification
on the relationship between the CLUP and the CDP. It is proposed that the
relationships depicted in Figure 4 should be adopted.
Basically, the ELA should contain the short-term CDP plus the legislative measures
proposed by the City/Municipal Council in order to provide all the needed
support (technical, financial, institutional, etc) to the programs and projects
programmed for the 3-year timeframe.
At best and if formulated properly, the ELA can be a good governance tool inasmuch as
it can effectively measure the performance of local executives. It will be an
agenda that local elective officials can commit to within their 3-year term of
office and for which they can be held accountable for by their local
constituents. The ELA as a score card can definitely be a good basis for
a well informed and intelligent choice by the voters in the local community
during the succeeding elections. This will
guarantee that only the most qualified, dedicated and developmentoriented
candidates are elected to office.
4.1.5
Updating of Plans
Plans are updated periodically to take into account changing circumstances, such as
funding surpluses or shortages. Plans are seldom implemented to the
letter. It is possible that some plan components that are under the
jurisdiction of other agencies are not approved or are delayed in
implementation. Moreover, national agencies and the provincial
government might have initiated projects that had not been originally
anticipated. Updating puts the plans back on track or takes into account
new developments.
The frequency of updates is not the same for all plans. The shorter the term of the plans, the
more frequent the plans are to be updated.
13
a. The CLUP
It is suggested that the CLUP is updated only once to be done during the
formulation of second medium-term CDP. At the end of the term of the
second medium-term CDP or a total of 12 years from the start, a new
round of full blown CLUP-CDP study should be initiated. The LGU has
three years to undertake this study. One of the products of such a study
is, of course, a new CLUP.
b. The CDPs and ELA
The short-term CDP and the ELA should be updated annually, i.e. twice
during their term. The term remains the same and not rolled. For
example, a 2004-2007 CDP becomes a 2005-2007 CDP and not
20052008 CDP. This is also true for the ELA. At the end of their term,
new short-term CDP and ELA are prepared based on the medium-term
and long-term CDPs.
The medium-term CDP is updated only once to be done during the
formulation of the second short-term CDP. As in the short-term CDP, the
updated medium-term CDP will have the same term and not rolled. A
new medium-term CDP is prepared after the expiration of the first
medium-term CDP.
As for the long-term CDP, it is updated at the same that the CLUP is being
updated. This will ensure that both documents remain consistent with
each other.
4.1.6
Reports
The first round of CLUP and CDP preparation is best presented in one document,
albeit with more than volume, to properly reflect the interactive process
that has been employed. The first volume may contain the Ecological
Profile of the study area, the second volume the CDP and the third volume
the CLUP.
The one and only update of the CLUP and CDP (after 6 years) may also be reported under
one document. However, updates of the short-term CDP,
ELA and medium-term CDP may be presented as separate documents, although
with appropriate references to the CLUP and long-term CDP.
4.2 Timeframes of CLUP and CDP
Table 3 below provides the recommended timeframes for the CLUP and the CDP.
Table 3. Timeframes of CLUP and CDP
Plan
Timeframe
14
Rationale
CLUP
15 years
It is presumed that the physical

landscape will not be drastically
altered within the next 15 years
unless devastated with severe
natural calamities such as
earthquakes, massive
landslides, tsunamis and other
natural calamities.
Population growth is projected
to be below 2.0 percent for the
next 10-15 years. With
declining population growth,
pressure on the land as
measured by the man/land ratio
is expected to decrease as
well, causing a greater stability
in the use of land.
The proposed updating of the
plan after six years will take into
account rapid changes as may
occur in large urban areas.
CDP
Short-term : 3 years
Medium-term: 6 years
Long-term : 15 years
The timeframes of the CDP are

made to coincide with the
terms of office of local officials
to be able to pinpoint
responsibilities for specific local
development initiatives as well
as establish accountability;
There are programs/projects
particularly large infrastructure
ones that have longer
implementation periods, and
will thus spillover beyond the
shortor even the medium-term.
Having a term longer than 15
years is impractical because
we cannot really predict with
some accuracy what will
happen beyond 15 years.
4.3 Agencies involved in the CDP and CLUP Preparation

There are various levels of planning in the Philippines. At the national level, the
country has long-range planning, the medium-term planning and sectoral
planning. The highest level of planning agency is the National Economic and
Development Authority (NEDA). The plan formulation process starts when the
national government mandates the NEDA Board to prepare a set of guidelines for
the preparation of plans at the various levels. Other agencies provide inputs in
terms of sectoral development goals, objectives, targets, policies and strategies
as well as programs and projects.
Regional planning replicates the planning objectives at the national level. The
Regional Development Council (RDC) serves as the counterpart of the NEDA
15
Board at the regional level. It is composed of representatives from the local

government units, the regional line agencies and the private sector. Its functions
include the coordination, review and prioritization of socio-economic development
plans, policies and investment programs and their implementation. Apart from the
Executive Committee which acts for and in behalf of the Council when it is not in
session, Sectoral Committees are put in place to handle social, economic and
infrastructure development and development administration matters. It also has
an Advisory Committee that advises, assists and supports the Council in
discharging its functions.
At the Provincial and Municipal level, the Local Development Council (LDC) is the
planning body of the local government units, as mandated by the Local
Government Code.
The legal mandates of various agencies in relation to the formulation, approval and
monitoring of CLUP and CDP are given below.
4.3.1
Formulation
The formulation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plans and Comprehensive

Development Plans falls under the mandate of Republic Act 7160,
otherwise known as the Local Government Code.
The Code mandates that each local government unit (LGU) shall have a
comprehensive multi-sectoral development plan to be initiated by its
development council (the local executive body) and approved by its
sanggunian (the local legislative body). Land use plans are to be prepared
through zoning ordinances which shall be the primary and dominant basis
for the future use of land resources. The municipal mayor is to direct the
formulation of the municipal development plan, with the assistance of the
municipal development council, and upon approval thereof by the
sangguniang bayan (municipal legislative body), implement the same.
Section 106, Title 6 of the Local Government Code (LGC) stipulates that
each local government unit shall have a comprehensive multi-sectoral
development plan to be initiated by its development council and approved
by its Sanggunian. For this purpose, the development council of the
province at the provincial, city, municipal, or Barangay level shall assist the
corresponding Sanggunian in setting the direction of economic and social
development, and coordinating development efforts within its territorial
jurisdiction.
The functions of the MDC/CDC include the review of the proposed
development programs and projects that will form part of the LDIP and
subsequent AIP, the formulation of long term, medium term and annual
socio-economic development plans and policies, formulation of local
investment incentives, the integration, prioritization and implementation of
plans and programs.
The local planning and development office headed by the MPDC/CPDC
serves as the technical arm of the MDC/CDC. It performs the tasks
relating to planning research, training, budgeting and implementation of
development programs, projects and activities in the LGU in accordance
with the approved development Plan.
16
The Local Government Code (LGC) has already established provisions

and guidelines for LGUs to be guided in project identification, project
prioritization, project fund-determination, project fund-sourcing, and project
fund allocation.
In the event of the shortage of funds LGUs can guide private investment
through incentives such as tax breaks after it has properly determined its
priority programs and projects.
The Local Planning and Development Office is tasked to screen and
match, compile and compare projects for extra-local agencies and
organizations to identify complementary projects so that such projects can
be jointly conducted and implemented.
The Local Finance Committee (LFC) in close coordination with the Local
(municipal) Development Council (MDC) are tasked to determine and
project fund available for these projects as determined by analysis of
appropriate revenue data from real property taxes, business fees and
licenses, other taxes, service operations income, Internal Revenue
Allotment, with due consideration of what are recurring and what are not. If
it has been determined that the actual funds available do not match the
programs and projects for implementation the LGU can choose to improve
fiscal management, incur public debt of credit financing, or both.
4.3.2
Evaluation/Approval
Presidential Decree 933 and Executive Order 648, S. of 1981, as
amended by EO 90, S. of 1986 empower the Housing and Land Use
Regulatory Board (HLURB) to review, evaluate, and approve or disapprove
land use plans of cities and municipalities.
Executive Order No. 72 of 1993 delineates the power and responsibilities
of the LGUs and the HLURB in the preparation and implementation of
comprehensive land use plans under a decentralized framework of local
governance viz:
Section 1 Plan formulation or updating (a) Cities and municipalities
shall continue to formulate or update their respective comprehensive
land use plans, in conformity with the land use planning and zoning
standards and guidelines prescribed to the HLURB pursuant to
national policies.
Section 2 Plan review and approval (a) pursuant to section 468
(a2-vii) of the LGC, the powers of the HLURB to review and approve
the implementation of the comprehensive land use plans of the
component cities and municipalities are hereby devolved to the
province. Such powers shall be exercised by the sangguniang
panlalawigan, subject to national standards and guidelines.
Section 3 Plan Implementation (a) the authority of the HLURB to
issue location clearances for locally-significant projects is hereby
devolved to cities and municipalities with comprehensive land use
plans reviewed and approved in accordance with this Order. Such
cities and municipalities shall likewise be responsible for the institution
of other actions in the enforcement of the provisions thereof. For this
17
purpose, they may call on the HLURB and such other NGAs for any
legal and technical assistance.
The HLURBs functions are comprehensive and include:
4.3.3
Prescribe the standards and guidelines governing the preparation of land

use plans;
Extend technical and related forms of planning assistance to the local
government units (LGUs);
Review and approve the comprehensive land use plan (CLUP) of highly
urbanized cities, independent component cities, provinces and the cities
and municipalities of Metro Manila (which are enacted through zoning
ordinances and stand as the primary and dominant bases for the use of
land resources in the respective localities); Monitor the implementation of
these plans; and
Adjudicate and settle disputes over the same.
Monitoring
DILG Memorandum Circular No. 92-41 dated July 6, 1992 mandates the
local government units to prepare, as a minimum requirement, annual
investment programs.
The Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), requires each
local government unit (LGU) to identify projects and programs to address
the needs of the different sectors. These projects are included in the
LGUs Comprehensive Development Plan. DILG acts as the monitoring
body on how each LGU manages their own municipalities.
4.3.4 Summary
The mandates of various agencies in each stage of the CLUP/CDP
process are summarized in Table 4. Several national agencies play
institutional roles in terms of a national land use classification and
allocation system adopted by the inter-agency National Land Use
Committee (NLUC). The land use committees at various levels national,
regional and provincial are now using these land use planning categories
with their corresponding national sectoral agencies.
Table 4. Matrix of the Roles of Various Agencies in Planning (Outside
of Metro Manila) Based on Legal Issuances
AGENCIES
CLUP
I Formulation
II Review/Approval
III Monitoring
CDP
I Formulation
II Review/Approval
III Monitoring
Legend: ***
City/Mun
Province1
HLURB
DILG
***
*
***
**
***
***
***
***
***
Principal Role
18
*
***
1
**
***
***
Applies to municipalities and component cities
NEDA &
Other NGAs
*
**/*
**
*
Major Supporting Role

Supporting Role
The activities and agencies involved for cities/municipalities located in

Metro Manila are depicted in Table 5. These are based on the Guidelines
for the Formulation/Revision of Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Series of
1996 issued by the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB).
Table 5. Matrix of the Roles of Various Agencies in
Planning (for Metro Manila) Based on Legal Issuances
Activities
Public Exhibition/
Information Dissemination
Formation of Hearing Board
Public Hearing
Review of CLUP/ZO
Approval of CLUP/ZO
Agencies/Groups Involved
LGU
Civic Groups
City Mayors as Chairman
City Urban Planning and Development Coordinator
HLURB Technical Representative
Sangguniang Panglungsod Representative
Local Sector Experts
General Public
Representatives from private sector consisting of
business (such as private investors and
developers) and Professional Organizations
Representatives from Civil Society consisting of
NGO, PO, Environmental Organization, Womens
Group, Labor, Academe and Church
Representatives
from
Local
Government:
Members of the Sangguniang Panlungsod,
Members of the City Development Council,
Congressmen, Key City Officials
Representatives from the National Agency
Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA)
Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB)
Concerned Agencies on Traffic (DOTC), flooding
(DPWH), solid waste disposal (DOH & MMDA),
informal settlements (NHA & HUDCC)
Metro Manila Council
Sangguniang Panglungsod
Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB)
5. Recommended Definitions of Planning Terms Commonly Used in the CLUP and CDP
Preparation
The following arrays the various definitions for each planning term as taken from a
number of references. In this section, the UP SURP position paper puts forward a
recommended definition for each term.
5.1 Land Use Planning
5.1.1 The act of defining the allocation, utilization, development and management
of all lands within a given territory or jurisdiction according to the inherent
qualities of the land itself and supportive of sustainable, economic,
19
demographic, socio-cultural and environmental objectives as an aid to

decision-making and legislation (1997 RA 8435 in Endriga, Dolores, et.al.
The Language of Environmental Planning in the Philippines, QC: UPSURP,
UP-PLANADES, 2004, p.126; 2004 DILG Local Legislators Toolkit, p.241).
5.1.2 A political act of crafting public policy whereby the state regulates the
acquisition, ownership, use and disposition of property to promote the
common good or general welfare (1987 Philippine Constitution in Endriga,
et.al, p. 126; 1997 DENR Guidebook on the Preparation of a Sustainable
Land Use Plan in Endriga, et.al, 2004, p.126).
5.1.3 The rational and judicious development, utilization of land resources in a
sustainable manner (1997 HLURB Guidelines for the Formulation/Revision
of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan: Land Use, Vol V in Endriga, et.al.,
2004, p.126).
5.1.4 The long-term guide for the management of local territories. (Serote,
Ernesto M. Property, Patrimony & Territory: Foundations of Land Use
Planning in the Philippines. QC: UP-SURP & UP-PLANADES, 2004).
Recommended Definition: (Note: Approved by the Inter-Agency Technical
Working Group on Improving the Local Planning Process on 14 November 2005)
Land Use Planning - The act of defining the allocation, utilization,

development and management of all lands within a given territory or
jurisdiction according to the inherent qualities of the land itself and
supportive of sustainable, economic, demographic, socio-cultural and
environmental objectives as an aid to decision-making and legislation
(1997 RA 8435 in Endriga, Dolores, et.al. The Language of Environmental
Planning in the Philippines, QC: UP-SURP, UP-PLANADES, 2004, p.126;
2004 DILG Local Legislators Toolkit, p.241).
5.2 Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)
5.2.1 A document embodying specific proposals for guiding and regulating growth
and/or development. The main components of the CLUP in this usage are
the sectoral studies, i.e., Demography, Socio-Economic, Infrastructure and
Utilities, Local Administration and Land (1997 HLURB Guidelines for the
Formulation/Revision of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan: Model Zoning
Ordinance, Vol X, in Endriga, et.al.,2004, p.126).
5.2.2 A long-term (10-30 years) guide for the development of the local area. Guides the
formulation of programs and projects of local officials to ensure continuity,
rationality and stability in local development efforts down through the generations.
It contains policies on settlements, protected areas, production areas and
infrastructure (DILG, How to Formulate an Executive and Legislative Agenda for
Local Governance and Development, 2004, p.9).
5.2.3 A translation into spatial dimensions and allocation of the various sectoral
land requirements of the socio-economic development plan (Serote, 2004,
p. 347).
5.2.4 A policy guide for the regulation of land uses throughout the LGUs territorial
jurisdiction and as such covers 4 land use policy areas: Protected areas;
Settlement areas; Infrastructure areas; and Production areas (Serote,
2004, p. 347).
20
5.2.5 A plan which includes a land use map, the factors indicating the socially
desired mix of land uses and a set of policies to guide future development
(Joint DAR, DA, DILG and HLURB Memorandum Circular Prescribing
Guidelines to Implement MC 54).
Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP A document embodying
specific proposals for guiding and regulating growth and/or development. It
is also a translation into spatial dimensions and allocation of the various
sectoral land requirements and includes a land use map, the factors
indicating the socially desired mix of land uses and a set of policies to
guide future development.(UP School of Urban and Regional Planning).
5.3 Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP)
5.3.1 A medium to short-term action plan to implement projects identified in the
Sustainable Land Use Plan (SLUP) and other programs and projects
designed to realize the objectives of the SLUP. As a comprehensive plan, it
covers such sectors as social, economic, physical, environmental and
institutional (1997 DENR Guidebook on the Preparation of a Sustainable
Land Use Plan in Endriga, et.al, 2004, p. 40).
5.3.2 A written document that identifies the vision, goals, objectives, principles,
guidelines, policies, standards and strategies for the growth and
development of the community (Universal Glossary of Land Use Terms and
Phrases in the 1998 Land use Law Center Pace University of Law.
5.3.3 A document embodying specific proposals for guiding, regulating growth
and/or development. Its main components are the sector plans, such as
the socio-economic, infrastructure, local administration and land use plan
(Joint DAR, DA, DILG and HLURB Memorandum Circular Prescribing
Guidelines to Implement MC 54).
5.3.4 An action plan and an implementing instrument of the CLUP. Its time frame
should only cover the tenure of local officials (3 yrs.) so that it can serve as
their program of government (Serote, 2004, p. 156).
5.3.5 A medium-term (5-10 years) plan of action for implementing the CLUP. It provides
an overview of key aspirations, concerns and challenges to LGU development It
contains plans and programs on social, economic, institutional, physical and
infrastructure development; environmental management, and administration and
financial development (DILG, How to Formulate an Executive and Legislative
Agenda for Local Governance and Development, 2004, p.9).
5.3.6 The document/s including maps, charts and other materials embodying
goals and objectives, policy guidelines strategies and proposals for over-all
socio-economic growth and development of the area. It has also been
defined as an integrated series of decision documents, including maps
specifying the nature of future physical, social, economic and
environmental development of the Urban Zone as outlined in the Concept
Plan, consisting of, among others, a land use plan, including area phasing,
sectoral programs, land acquisition and disposition programs and capital
improvement programs. (Endriga, Elum, Yap, and Alcalde, The Laguage of
21
Environmental Planning in the Philippines School of Urban and Regional

Planning, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, 2004,p.55)
Comprehensive Development Plan A document embodying the vision,

sectoral goals and objectives, strategies, policies, short-medium-long term
programs and projects for the growth and development of the
city/municipality (UP School of Urban and Regional Planning).
5.4 Zoning
5.4.1 The legislative act of delineating areas or districts within the territorial
jurisdictions of cities and municipalities that may be put to specific uses
and their regulation, subject to the limitations imposed by law or competent
authority (l997 DENR Guidebooks on Sustainable Land Use Planning and
Management-Institutional Development Concepts on Land Use Planning
and Management, Vol V in Endriga, et.al, 2004, p.238).
5.4.2 The delineation or division of a Municipality into a functional zone where
only specific land uses are allowed. It directs and regulates the use of all in
the community in accordance with an approved and 0adopted land use
plan for the municipality. It regulates land uses and prescribes limitations
on structures and infrastructures thereon (DILG Local Legislators Toolkit,
2004, p. 242).
5.4.3 The division of a community into zones or districts according to the present and
potential uses of land to maximize, regulate and
direct their use and development in accordance with the comprehensive
land use plan of the community
(HLURB Guidelines for the
Formulation/Revision of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Volume 10).
Zoning - The division of a city/municipality into zones or districts according to the

present and potential uses of land to maximize, regulate and
direct their
use and development in accordance with the comprehensive land use plan of the
city/municipality
(HLURB Guidelines for the Formulation/Revision of the
Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Volume 10).
5.5 Zoning Ordinance
5.5.1 An ordinance or local legal measure which embodies regulations affecting
land use (HSRC, Model Zoning Ordinance, 1983, p.4; Endriga, et.al,
2004,p.239).
5.5.2 The principal and legal instrument for enforcing the locational policies and
performance standards of the CLUP (Serote, 2004, p.154).
5.5.3 An ordinance which classifies, delineates, defines and designates different
land uses in the municipality, requiring fees and imposing penalties (DILG,
Local Legislators Toolkit, 2004, p. 242).
22
5.5.4 A local legal measure which embodies regulations affecting land use. The
preparation of a zoning ordinance is based on the Comprehensive Land
Use Plan and is enacted by the Local Sangguniang through a resolution.
Such ordinance shall be presented in its full context, as a separate
document (Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board, Guidelines for the
Ordinance, Vol X. Quezon City : HLURB, 1997).
5.5.5 A law by local or regional authority (government) that sets parameters for
the uses of a property. (Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board, Model
Zoning Ordinance, Vol. X, 4th Revised Edition, 1996).
5.5.6 Refers to a local legislation approving the development/land use plan and
providing for the regulations and other conditions on the uses of land
including the limitation on the infrastructure that may be placed within the
territorial jurisdiction of a city or municipality. (Department of Agriculture,
Administration Order 6 (1998) Implementing Rules and Regulations
Pursuant to Republic Act 8435 (AFMA, 1997)
5.5.7 Defines the different land use districts of the city or municipality, the
boundary description of the various zoning districts and the allowable or
permitted uses per zoning district. (HLURB Guidelines for the
Formulation/Revision of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Volume 5)
Zoning Ordinance - An ordinance or local legal measure which embodies

regulations affecting land use (HSRC, Model Zoning Ordinance, 1983, p.4;
Endriga, et.al, 2004,p.239).
5.6 Local Development Investment Program (LDIP)
5.6.1 A document that translates the Comprehensive Development Plan into
programs and projects and selects those that will be picked up by the
municipal government for funding in the annual general fund budget or
through special fund generation schemes (Guidebook on the Preparation
of a Sustainable Land Use Plan in Endriga, et.al., 2004, p. 133).
5.6.2 A document that contains the identified programs and projects that will have
a long-term impact on the physical character of the city or municipality
(Philippines. Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board. Guidelines for the
Formulation/Revision of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan: Local
Administration, Vol. VI in Endriga, et.al., 2004, p. 133).
5.6.3 A prioritized list of programs and projects requisite in the achievement of the
local government units development objectives (Philippines. Housing and
Land Use Regulatory Board. Guidelines for the Formulation/Revision of a
Comprehensive Land Use Plan: A Report Writing, Vol. VIII in Endriga,
et.al., 2003, p.133).
5.6.4 An implementing tool of the comprehensive land use plan. It is a translation
of the priority projects as indicated in the CLUP (HLURB Guidelines for the
Formulation/Revision of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Volume 5).
5.6.5 A compendium of the capital investment proposals of all government
agencies operating in the municipality (The Ministry of Human Settlements,
23
Town Planning Under the Inter-Agency Local Planning Assistance

Program, Philippine Planning Journal Vol XVI, No. 2, April 1985)
Local Development Investment Program A 3-year document that

translates the Comprehensive Development Plan into programs and
projects that will be implemented by the city/municipal government for
funding (U.P. School of Urban & Regional Planning).
5.7 Annual Investment Program (AIP)
5.7.1 The annual component of plans and programs (Serote, 2004, p.164).
5.7.2 An integral part of the annual local government planning and budgeting
process. Basically, it is a tool by which a local government unit annually
manages and financially supports its 3-10 year sectoral plan and its LDIP
(DILG, NEDA, Leagues of Provinces, Municipalities and Cities, and Liga ng
mga Barangay, Guidebook No. 3 for Annual Investment Programming,
1994, p.7).
Annual Investment Program The current years component of the LDIP

(UP School of Urban and Regional Planning).
5.8 Executive Legislative Agenda (ELA)
5.8.1 An integrated plan that is mutually developed and agreed upon by the
Executive and Legislative departments of the LGUs. The document
contains major development thrusts and priorities of both departments for
their 3-year term of office consistent with the development vision and
mission of the locality (2004 Philippines-Canada Local Government
Support Program Manual on How to Formulate an Executive and
Legislative Agenda (ELA) for Local Governance and Development).
Executive Legislative Agenda (ELA) - An integrated plan that is

mutually developed and agreed upon by the Executive and Legislative
departments of the LGUs. The document contains major development
thrusts and priorities of both departments for their 3-year term of office
consistent with the development vision and mission of the locality (2004
PhilippinesCanada Local Government Support Program Manual on How to
Formulate an Executive and Legislative Agenda (ELA) for Local
Governance and Development).
6. Conclusion
24
The paper is proposing an interactive and iterative CLUP-CDP process that integrates
the preparation of CLUP and CDP1. This process has been adopted for technical and
practical reasons. The CLUP is derived taking into account the supply of and demand
for land and other physical resources. It is mainly for this reason that the preparation
of the CLUP and the CDP should be done at the same time with the CDP providing
the sectoral demand for such resources. Likewise, the updating of the two plans
should also be properly synchronized. Moreover, majority of the data used are
common to both plans, so it is economical to undertake the preparation of both plans
simultaneously. The process, however, produces the CLUP and the CDP as separate
volumes under one document, considering that approval and monitoring of these
documents lie with different agencies. In particular, the CLUP is covered by the
regulatory function of the HLURB whereas the CDP is basically within the domain of
the LGUs, with the DILG providing technical assistance.
The key points of this paper may be summarized as follows:
-
The CLUP and CDP are separate plans but they are the products of one integrated
process.
The HLURB has regulatory functions over the CLUP, as well as extends technical
assistance in its preparation.
The DILG provides technical assistance to the LGUs in the preparation of both the
CLUP and the CDP.
The CDP includes programs and projects of national line agencies therefore its
preparation should be coordinated with these agencies; this could be done through
membership of these agencies in the LDC concerned and/or through the NEDA.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
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126. Quezon City: UP-SURP and UP-PLANADES, 2004.
1997 HLURB Guidelines for the Formulation/Revision of a Comprehensive Land Use
Plan, vol. 5, Land Use. Cited by Endriga, Dolores; Pulumbarit-Elum, LM.; Yap,
H.L.; and Alcalde, D.R., The Language of Environmental Planning in the
Philippines, p. 126. Quezon City: UP-SURP and UP-PLANADES, 2004.
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LM.; Yap, H.L.; and Alcalde, D.R., The Language of Environmental Planning in
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1 Approved by the Inter-Agency Technical Working Group on Improving the
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25
LM.; Yap, H.L.; and Alcalde, D.R., The Language of Environmental Planning in the
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UPSURP and UP-PLANADES, 2004.
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Yap, H.L.; and Alcalde, D.R., The Language of Environmental Planning in the
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26
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Republic Act 8435 Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act. (1997)
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EO 648 Reorganizing the Human Settlements Regulatory Commissions. (1981)
EO 90 Abolishing the Ministry of Human Settlements and Creating the Housing and
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27

Improving The Local Planning Process

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Improving The Local Planning Process

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University of the

IMPROVING THE LOCAL

School of Urban and

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

List of Tables and Figures

Objectives of the Paper

3. A Review of the Current Local Planning Process followed in the

4. Critical Issues in the Local Planning Process

5. Recommended Definitions of Planning Terms Commonly Used 19

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Table 3. Timeframes of CLUP and CDP

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

IMPROVING THE LOCAL PLANNING PROCESS:

2. Objectives of the Paper

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

3.1.1 The Old Ten-Volume Guidelines

Gathering of data specifying the set of requirements and its

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Figure 1. The CLUP Process

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Volume VII, Mapping Guidelines, presents the methodology of mapping as

Planning Strategically, the New Set of Guidelines

the existing ten-volume guidelines, as it is being used for cities and

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Figure 2. Preparation of Strategic CLUP

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Table 1. Components of the Strategic Planning Process

Table 2. Basic Steps of Strategic Planning Process

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Monitoring and review

Its emphasis on genuine proactive participatory consultation can provide the

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

3.2 DILGs Executive-Legislative Agenda (ELA)

A planning and budgetary tool which:

A transparency and accountability tool which:

A social mobilization tool which:

A performance management tool which:

A communication tool which:

A convergence tool which:

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

encourages collaboration between the executive and legislative

Figure 3. The Relationship of the ELA to the Other LGU Plans

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

action-oriented and participatory resulting in broad-based support from critical

4. Critical Issues in the Local Planning Process

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Figure 4. CITY/MUNICIPALITY CLUP AND CDP PROCESS

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Analysis is called Socio-Economic-Physical Profile or, the more recent

CLUP Preparation and Detailing

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

It is presumed that the physical

The timeframes of the CDP are

4.3 Agencies involved in the CDP and CLUP Preparation

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

Board at the regional level. It is composed of representatives from the local

The formulation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plans and Comprehensive

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process

The Local Government Code (LGC) has already established provisions

UP SURP Position Paper on the Improvement of the Local Planning Process