1ZVN460100 D

Maintenance Manuals

1ZVN460100 D

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Table of contents
1 Maintenance ............................................................................................................... 3
2 Trouble Shooting ....................................................................................................... 5

1ZVN460100-D

1. Maintenance:
Subject
Insulating oil

Oil tightness

Oil level

Venting devices

Earthing devices

Shut-off devices
Buchholz relay

Dial-type thermometers
Current transformers

Check
Dielectric strength
Moisture content
Neutralisation value
Interfacial surface tension
Water content
Sludge content
Gas analysis
Tank
Conservator
Cooling equipment
Piping
Bushings
Cable sealing ends
Cable boxes
Buchholz relay
Gate valves
Valves
Tank
Conservator
Bushings
Cable sealing ends
Cable boxes
Thermometer pockets
Tank
Cooling equipment
Intermediate piping
Bushings
Piping
Buchholz relay
Cable sealing ends
All metal parts
Tank
Motors
Star points
Surge arresters
Control cabinet
Steal armoured cabling
In position service
Direction of oil flow
Float
Contacts
Gas sampling device
Functional test
Contact setting
Position of maximum pointer
Functional test
Polarity
Ratio
Short-circuit connection

1
1
1
1
1
1

Time period
Year
Month
3

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
As required
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

Remarks

If applicable
If applicable

If applicable
If applicable
Release vent screws until
Oil emerges. Afterwards
screw plugs tight

If applicable

If applicable
If applicable
See plan Position of shut off
devices (if provided)
At erection
If applicable
See the Technical data
At errection
At errection

1ZVN460100-D

Subject
Oil level indicator
Breather
Internal wiring
Corrosion protection
Cleanness

Control cabinet
On-load tap changer
Off-circuit tap changer

4/9

Check
Contact setting
Float
Functional test
Silicagel
Oil level
Venting pipes
Insulation resistance
Correct wiring connection
Paint
Blank steal parts
Bushings
Fittings
Indicating devices
Tank cover
Fans
Connection

1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

With 1000V Megger Tester,

Values 50 M
Touch-up
Grease

Remove loose parts,

If applicable

1
See instruction of the
manufacture
N/A

1
3

test
Functional test
Functional test

Remarks
At errection

Switching over all positions

(at least 25 x) to clean
contacts that may be oxidated
and to prevent gas formation
that may result in flash-over

Cooling equipment
Supervisory equipment for
cooling equipment
Protective relay for OLTC
Thermostat Functional
Resistance thermometer
Pressure relief device

Time period
Year
Month

See instruction of the

manufacturer
See instruction of
manufacturer

3
3
3

1ZVN460100-D

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2. Trouble shooting

Protective
and
supervisory
instruments
Various

Fault

Remedial measure

Possible cause

Detailed
description

components

Buchholz relay Alarm at

Buchholz
relay

- Oil loss
- Accumulation
of air
- Gas generation
due to inside
failure
- Violant
vibration
- Fault tripping

Operation can be continued

The following tests and examinations for fault analysis
Should be made as soon as possible
1. Check oil level, pipes, position of valves
2. Check the electrical connections
3. Check the tripping mechanism of the Buchholz relay
4. Put part of the gas into a glass container within five
hours and analyze it.
5. Evaluate the gas analysis
6. Take oil sample (1 litre) from tank top and make and
make a gas analysis
7. Take oil sample (1 litre) from tank bottom and check
for dielectric strength (VDE)
8. Undo all bushing connections and make the
following measurements:
8..1 Measure the insulation resistance between the
windings themselves.
Rough guide value: 1M per kV rated voltage
8.2 Ratio measurement either with measuring kit or by
applying low voltage to the HV side
8.3 Measure the winding resistance with DC
8.4 Measure the no-load current by applying low voltage
9. Compare the result with the test certificates of the
operating instructions
Vent the transformer and put it back into operation
when faults cannot be found or faults have been
eliminated. If the fault occurs frequently, contact
ABB.

Buchholz relay Buchholz

- Oil loss
- Violent oil
surge due to
inside flashover
- Violent gas
generation due
to inside failure
- Violent vibratio
- Fault tripping

relay
tripping

Protective
device for
OLTC

Tripping
due to
strong oil
surge

Maintain the shutdown status.

Carry out tests and measurements as described under
points 1 to 9
Vent the transformer and put in back into operation
when faults can not be found or faults have been
eliminated

Maintain the shutdown status

Check the tripping mechanism
Remove and check the diverter switch
Reset the tripping mechanism and put the
transformer into operation

Instruction of
OLTC

6/9

1ZV460100-D

Protective
and
supervisory
instruments
Various

Fault

Possible cause

Remedial measure

Detailed
description

Oil temp.
too high

- Transformer
overloaded or
inadequate
cooling
- Incorrect temp.
adjustment

Operation
Instruction of
thermometer
manufacture

components

- Resistance
thermometer
- Thermostat
- Dial type
thermometer

for oil or wdg

temperature
indicators

Wdg or
oil temp.
too high

Oil level
indicator

Oil level
too low

Oil flow
monitor
Water flow
monitor

No oil
flow
No water
flow

Pressure relief
device

Motor drive
for OLTC

Moto drive for

OLTC

Redused
water
flow
Internal
tank
pressure
too high
Drive
can not
be
operated
electrical

Drive
keeps on
running

Not enough oil

(low temperature
or oil loss)

Reduce load of the transformer

Put fans or cooling equipment in service
Clean the cooling equipment
Check the position of butterfly valves
Adjust incorrect temperature setting
Check the thermometer by comparative
measurements
Check the electrical connections and the tripping
mechanism
Check control devices for cooling equipment
Check current transformers and thermometers
Check for tightness
Top-up oil

Operation
instruction of
manufacturer

N/A

- Conservator
pipe shut-off or
clogged.
- Electric
flashover inside
the tank
- No voltage
supply at motor
protective
switch (MPS)
- MPS not in
oper. Position
- Motor
contactor K1 or
K2 does not
Pick up
- Motor
contactor K1 or
K2 stuck
- Brake contactor
- K3 does not
pick up
- Open circuit on
one or more
motor phases
- Brake contactor
- K3 stuck

Check the pipes and shut-off devices

Check the transformer as described in Buchholz
relay (point 1-8)

Operation
instruction of
manufacturer

Check supply feeders

Operation
instruction of
OLTC

Close motor protective switch

Check supply feeders and contactors and replace

If necessary

Check contactor, clean or replace if necessary

Correct it

Clean or replace

1ZVN460100-D

Protective
and
supervisory
instruments
Various

7/9

Fault

Possible cause

Remedial measure

components

Motor drive
for OLTC

Motor
protectiv
switch
trips
during
operatio
of motor
drive

Off-circuit tap
changer

Operatio
not
possible

Dehydrating
breather

The
drying
cristals
turn from
blue to
pink and
then to
white
from
below,

- Emergency
stop
button is on or
stuck
- Motor current
excessive due
to overload or
phase failure

Repair or replace emergency stop button

Check drive for stiffness with cran handle. Request a
factory engineer, if a mechanical fault in the tapchanger is suspected

N/A

- High atmosph.
humidity, glass
cylinder leaky
- Moisture in
conservator,
pipe leaky,
glass cylinder
leaky.
- Glass cylinder
burst,
maintenace
interval

Replace dehydrating agent

Replace glass cylinder or seal properly
Seal pipe leaks, check the oil for moisture content.
Flush the conservator with dry air

Breakd.
voltage
too low.

- Breather
inoperable or
trafo in service
very low

Put breather into operation

Water
content
too high

- Leaks in water
cool. System
- Water pressure
reducer
inoperable.

Seal or repair coolers

Contact manufacturer; dry the oil, if necessary

from top,
in
general
Electrical
breakdown
voltage of the
oil

Protective
spark gap on
bushings
Terminal lugs
on bushing

Frequent
operatio

N/A

Discoloration of
connecting parts

Check surface contact

Detailed
description

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Protective
Fault
and
supervisory
instruments
Various
components
Control cabinet El. App.
does not
operate
properly
Contacts
corroded
or contaminated

Earthing
connection

Pressure gauge
for HV
bushing

Pressure
monitor for
HV bushing

Air flow
monitor
Oil sightpot

App.
housing
bent
Earthing
line
innterupt
-ted

Oil
pressure
in HV
bushing
too high

Oil
pressure
in HV
bushing
too high

No air
flow or
reduced
air flow
Traces of
oil on the
water
surface

Possible cause

Remedial measure

- Excessive
humidity in
control cabinet

Set the cabinet heater to a higher temperature

Seal the cabinet door, fit a dust filter if necessary

Protect the cabinet against solar irradiation; provide

for better ventilation

Clean the contacts, tighten the screws and check the

Electrical distances. Open up current loops. Only
one earthing with a sufficient cross section.

Correct the contact adjustment

Check the reading

Check the bushing; reduce the transformer load,

increase the cooling effect

Correct the contact adjustment

Check the pressure monitor and reset the auxiliary

switch

Check the bushings; reduce the transformer load;

increase the cooling

- Water or dust
inside the
cabin.
- Excessive high
temp. in the
cabinet
- Excessive
current due to
external flash
- Impermissible
current loops
through
multiple earthig
- Incorrect
contacts adjust.
- Bushing
overloaded, oil
temp. too high
due to solar
irradiation
- Incorrect
contact adjustm
- Bushing
overloaded, oil
temp. too high
due to solar
irradiation.
- Violent vibratio
on transformer

Detailed
description

Copyright 2007 ABB, All rights reserved

Document Title

Maintenance Manual
Document No.

Date & Rev. Ind.

No. of Pages

Page

1ZVN460100-D