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Traslacin pura
v
dv
dx
Como frena uniformemente, la aceleracin es constante.
adx = vdv
a=v
v2
+C
2
Eligiendo como origen la posicin en que comienza a
frenar.
Si x = 0 , v = 72 km = 20 m
h
s
2
20
0=
+ C ; C = 200
2
ax =
v2
v 2 400
200 =
2
2
2
v 400
a=
2x
Para x = 40 y v = 0
0 400
a=
; a = 5 m 2
s
2(40)
ax =
900
0.7
2 FrB
A
1.0
0.8
2 NA
F = mad
2 NB
900
2 N A (1.8) 900(0.8) = 0.7
5
9.81
3 .5
9.81
NA =
ma
900
3 .5
0 .8 +
3 .6
9.81
N A = 289 kg
0.7
A
Fy = 0
2(289) 900 + 2 N B = 0
N B = 450 289
N B = 160.8 kg
Fy = 0
N P=0
N=P
Fx = ma
P
a
g
P
0 .6 P = a
g
a = 0 .6 g
a = 0.6(32.2) = 19.32
0 .6 N =
F = ma d
P
a ( 4)
g
2 g 2(32.3)
a=
=
4
4
a = 16.1
2P =
a = 16.1
v = 16.1t
Para alcanzar 60 mi = 88 ft
h
s
88 = 16.1 t
t = 5.47 s
s2
50g
30
a = an = 2 r
y la velocidad angular, en rad /s, es
2
= 300 = 10
60
C
B
a = (10 ) 0.4 = 40 2
2
Ft
FAB
Fn
FAB es tensin.
t
n
C
G
60
ma
F = ma d
3
3
2b + 50 gb = 50 40 2
FAB
(b )
2
2
FAB 3 + 50 g = 1000 2 3
FAB =
1000 2 3 50(9.81)
3
Resolucin
32.2
TA
TB
45
45
F =0
2
2
b + TB
T A
2 b = 0
2
T A = TB ______________________ (1)
b
G
t
45
ma
=ma n
2
=0
T A + TB 32.2
2T A = 32.2
TA =
32.2 2
4
T A = TB = 11.38 lb
= mat
en donde a t = a
2 32.2
=
32.2
32.2 a
2
a = 22.8 ft
s2
45
40
y
x
20
2
G
45
45
RA
RB
Fx =0
2
2
20
R A 40
2 =0
2
2
= 30 2
R A = 60
R A = 42.4 lb
45
Fy =0
2
2
+ 20
R B 40
2 =0
2
2
= 10 2
R B = 20
R B = 14.14 lb
45
F = IG
[ ]
20(2) = k m
2
40 = 1.5 2
) 3240.2
32.2
1 .5 2
= 14.31 rad
s2
a A = r
y
Fy =ma
200
T
R
0.2
0.8
10
aA
g
10
T = 10 a A ____________ (2)
g
10 T =
200 128
=
I = 0.8 2
g
g
MGF = I
128
g
640
T=
__________________ (3)
g
0.2T =
10
10
(0.2 ) = 640
g
g
640 2
10 =
+
g
g
9.81 (10)
=
642
= 0.1528 rad
s2
En (3)
T = 9.97 kg
y en (2)
a = 0.0306 m
s2
7. Las dos poleas de la figura estn rgidamente unidas, formando un cuerpo de 64.4 lb de peso. El
radio de giro de su masa es de 0.8 ft, respecto al eje
de rotacin. Los cuerpos A y B pesan 16.1 lb cada uno
y estn unidos a las poleas mediante cuerdas de peso
despreciable. Calcule la aceleracin angular de la polea doble y la tensin en cada una de las cuerdas.
Cuerpo A
TA
. at
por tanto
y
a A = 1.2 ______________(1)
a B = 0.5 ______________(2)
16.1
Cuerpo B
TB
y
Fy = ma
16.1
aA
32.2
TA = 16.1 0.5a A ___________(3)
16.1 T A =
16.1
1.2
Del cuerpo B
0.5
Fy = ma
16.1
aB
32.2
TB = 16.1 + 0.5 a B ___________(4)
TB 16.1 =
G
TB
TA
R
M
I
F =I
64.4
1.2T A 0.5TB = 0.8 2
32.2
= 5.304 rad
En (1) y (2)
a A = 6.364
a B = 2.652
En (3) y (4)
T A = 12.92 lb
TB = 17.43 lb
s2
Cuerpo A
a A = a C = r
T1
a A = aC = 0.15
x
N
T1 =
= ma
20
a A _______________________ (1)
9.81
Del cuerpo B
Cuerpo B
T2
= ma
20
aB
9.81
20
T2 = 20
a B __________________ (2)
9.81
20 T2 =
20
1 2
mr
2
1 40
2
2
I=
0.15 = 0.0459 kg m
2 9.81
I=
T1
F =I
0.15
Rx
Ry
T2
G
I
0.15(T2 T1 ) = 0.0459
T2 T1 = 0.306 ___________________ (3)
0.306 +
= 20
9.81
0.917 = 20
= 21 .8 rad
s2
De donde a A = aB = 3.27
y T1 = 6.67 kg
T2 6.67 = 0.306(21.1)
T2 = 13.33 kg
30
F = I O
50 sen 30 0.4 = I O
G
0.4
o
Rot
Ron
IO =
1 2
3
mr + mr 2 = mr 2
2
2
Entonces:
I0
G
3 50
(0.4)2
50(0.5)0.4 =
2 9.81
3 0 .4
0 .5 =
2 9.81
9.81
=
1 .2
60
m(aG)t
m(aG)n
= 8.18 rad
s2
= m 2 r
3 50 2
=
Ron + 50
2 0 .4
2 9.81
( )
1 .6
3
= 35
Ron = 50
9.81 2
= m r
1 50
(8.18)0.4
Rot + 50 =
2 9.81
(8.18)(0.4) 1
Rot = 50
= 8.33
2
9.81
8.33
; = 13.3
35.1
Ro = 36.1 kg
73.3
mg
Ro
1/2
3g
2l
I0
G
O
F = I O
l
1
mg = ml 2
2
3
g l
=
2 3
=
t
= m r
3g l
mg Ro = m
2l 2
3
Ro = m g g
4
mat
Ro =
1
mg
4
mg
Ron
O
Rot
mg
I O = I + mr 2
I O = mr 2 + mr 2
I O = 2mr 2
t
O
m2r
IO
mr
F = I O
mg r cos = 2mr 2
g cos
=
2r
d
Como =
d
d g cos
=
d
2r
Separando variables
g
d = cos d
2r
Integrando
d = 2r cos
2
2
g
sen + C
2r
g
sen
r
Como la velocidad angular mxima ocurre cuando
= 90 y sen = 1
2 =
mx =
g
r
5.4
15
80 g
G
0.4
O
Fr
N
F =I
0.4 Fr = mr 2
5
0.4 Fr = (80)(0.4) 2
5
= maG
80(9.81)sen15 Fr = 80aG
15
203 Fr = 80aG
maG
a G = r
a G = 0.4
15
Por tanto
203 12.8 = 80(0.4 )
44.8 = 203
80 g
= 4.53 rad
0.4
Fr
s2
a G = 1.814 m
N
15
s2
Fr = 58 N
F
I
15
maG
15
=0
N 80(9.81) cos 15 = 0
N = 758 N
75
Otro mtodo
:
CIR
F = I CIR
I CIR =
I CIR
Por tanto
7
80(9.81)0.4sen15 = 80 0.4 2
5
7
9.81sen15 = 0.4
5
5(9.81)sen15
=
2 .8
= 4.53 rad
s2
a G = r
a G = 4.53(0.4)
a G = 1.814 m
s2
15
= maG
80(9.81)sen15 Fr = 80(1.814)
75
=0
N 80(9.81) cos 15 = 0
N = 758
75
1.5
G
A
a G = aG + a B
B
a G = rG + a B
y
aB 30
En (2)
(aG ) y = 1.5 + (aG )x 3 _____________(3)
M
30
G
A
B
1.5
16.1
F =I
1.5(0.5)T = (0.375)
= m(aG ) x
T cos 30 = 0.5(aG ) x
4(aG )x =
m(aG)y
3
______________________ (5)
2
= m(a G ) y
m(aG)x
De (4)
0.25 16.1 = 0.5(aG ) y
0.5 32.2 = 3
3.5 = 32.2
= 9 .2 rad
s2
De (4)
T = 4 . 6 lb
14. Los tres cuerpos de la figura estn conectados mediante una cuerda flexible, inextensible y de
peso despreciable. A pesa 20 kg. La polea B es un cilindro macizo de 0.2 m de radio que pesa 30 kg. Y C
es un carrete de 50 kg cuyo radio exterior es de 0.4 m
y cuyo ncleo es de 0.1 m. Sabiendo que el carrete
rueda sin deslizar y que el radio de giro de su masa
respecto al eje de figura es de 0.25 m, determine la
tensin en cada uno de los tramos de la cuerda (1 y 2)
y la aceleracin angular del carrete.
0.2
aA
a A = B rB = 0.2 B
a A = C r = 0.3 C ________________________ (1)
0.4
aA
0.1
Por tanto
0.2 B = 0.3 C
0.3
CIR
Cuerpo A
T1
Cuerpo A
F
y
20
m Aa A
= ma
20
aA
g
20
T1 = 20 a A
g
De (1)
20
T1 = 20 (0.3 C )
g
20 T1 =
T1 = 20
6
C _________________________ (3)
g
Polea B
Polea B
30
T2
0.2
Ry
F =I
1 30
3
T1 T2 = B
g
De (2)
Rx
T1
T1 T2 =
B IB
4 .5
C _________________ (4)
g
Carrete C
Cuerpo C
CIR
F = I CIR
0.3T2 = C ( I + mr )
2
50
0.1
0.4
N
B IC
maG
50 50
0.3T2 = C 0.25 2 + 0.4 2
g g
11.125
0.3T2 =
C
g
37.08
T2 =
C ___________________ (5)
g
Sustituyendo (3) y (5) en (4)
6
37.08
4 .5
C =
C
20 C
g
g
g
47.58
C = 20
g
20(9.81)
C =
47.58
C = 4.124 rad
En (3) y (5)
T1 = 17.48 kg
T2 = 15.59 kg
s2
30
32.2
M
CIR
y
Fr
N
x
I
G
maG
F = I CIR
32.2 = I + mr 2
30
CIR
32.2 32.2 2
32.2 = 1.5 2
+
2
32.2 32.2
32.2
=
6.25
= 5.15
Por tanto
aG = r = 5.15(2 ) = 10.30
Fx = maG
1
32.2 Fr = (1) 10.30
2
Fr = 16.1 10.30 = 5.80
Fy = 0
3
=0
N 32.2
N = 27.9
32.2
Fk = M k N = 0.12(27.9 )
Fk = 3.35 lb
CIR
30
y
3.35
MGF = I
= 2.97 rad
G
30
maG
s2
Fx = maG
1
32.2 3.35 = (1)aG
2
a G = 12.75 ft
s2
30