THE RELATION BETWEEN PARENTING AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS

OF CHILDREN AGES 0-5 YEARS IN SIDOKATON VILLAGE DISTRICT

JOMBANG 2014
By: Rahmatullah MI, Lestari H, Mayangsari N, Fikriyah L, Pratiwi D, Akbar
C..Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Advisor: Dr.
Djaka Handaja, MPH, Dr. Gita Sekar P, MPd.Ked.
ABSTRACT
Research on the Relation Between Parenting With Toddler Nutritional
Status 0 -5 Years On Sidokaton Village District of Kudu Jombang 2014 aims to
know the relation between parenting and nutritional status of children aged 0 -5
years in the village Sidokaton District of Kudu Jombang 2014. This study was an
observational study with cross-sectional design , carried out in the Sidokaton
village, Puskesmas Tapen Jombang. The timing of this study was in January 2015.
The object of the study were mothers of children in Sidokaton village Tapen
Puskesmas Jombang which are 211 respondents, to determine the factors that
influence malnutrition in children under five y.o. The sampling technique using
simple random sampling method. The sample of this study are the mothers of all
children under five y.o. are malnourished based health centers report measurement
results in Tapen 2014,about 66 toddlers. Data obtained from questionnaires that
asked the respondent and by using KMS. The data is then analyzed by the
Multivariate Logistic Test (Multinominal Partial Test). Logistics Test results
indicate that parenting Multinominal significant effect on the nutritional status of
children. To Parenting significance value of 0.001 which is less than the value of
the test of significance of 0.05 It can be concluded that the pattern of care
significantly influence the nutritional status of children. For maternal age has a
significance value of 1.000 which is greater than the value of 0.05 significance
test that concluded that maternal age did not significantly influence the nutritional
status of children. For Mother's education has a significance value of 0701 is more
than the value of the test of significance of 0.05. Thus concluded that Mrs.
education does not significantly influence the nutritional status of children. For
family income has a significance value of 1.000 so that we can conclude the
family income does not significantly influence the nutritional status. Authors
suggest that it could be used as a preliminary study to improve the nutritional
status of children in the Village District of Kudu Sidokaton Jombang, and find
other factors that could be expected to affect the nutritional status of children,
factors other than the application of parenting, such factors balanced nutrition,
food and infectious diseases suffered by children in household food security,
health care and sanitation are inadequate, and other factors.
Keywords: Parenting, Nutrition, Toddler

PRELIMINARY

064 cases, and in 2009 as many as 56

Period of children under five

941 cases. According Bapenas in

years is an important period in the

2011, riskendas report in 2010 stated

development of the child as the basic

that a decline in malnutrition of 5.4%

growth that took place in childhood

in 2007 to 4.9% in 2010, while

will affect and determine the further

according to the Indonesian Ministry

development of the child. To achieve

of Health in 2013 in 2013 increased

good growth needed for adequate

to 5.7%.2

nutrition. Food was not good in

According to data from the

quality and quantity will cause

monthly reports from health nutrition

malnutrition.1

Tapen 2014 the number of children

Basic health research report

assessed as many as 1,847 children

(Riskesdas, 2013) showed that the

found children with Down Red Line

prevalence of thin and very thin

(BGM) of 0.87%, 6.6% Less Weight

(Wasting) based on body weight for

Loss, Weight Loss Normal as much

height (W / H) in children under five

as 81.9% and More children with a

dropped significantly over the last 3

weight of 1.6%. Based on monthly

years. The prevalence amounted to

reports

12, 1% decline of 13.3% from 2010.

examination

The nutritional status has tremendous

teacher kindergarten Tapen Health

influence in creating quality human

Center in 2014 obtained the data that

resources in the future. The incidence

approximately 3.5% of children are

of

were

undernourished and the number of

discovered and treated as many as 41

visits in maternity health centers

malnutrition

in

2008

monitoring
by

child
a

health

kindergarten

Tapen in December 2014 to 13.04 for

and storage of food covered in

ages 0-3 years %, aged 4-6 years

feeding practices.3

57.2%, aged 7-9 years by 13.04%

METHODS

and 16.67 aged 10-12%.

This study is a cross-sectional

Conceptual framework raised

observational

study

study

were

population

Engle et al (1997) emphasizes that

mothers of children in the village

the three components of food - health

Sidokaton

- care are all factors that play a role

Jombang

in

and

determine the factors that influence

child.

malnutrition in children under five.

Mentioned that parenting includes

Inclusion criteria were a family who

six topics: (1) attention / support the

lives in the Village District of Kudu

mother to the child, (2) breastfeeding

Sidokaton Jombang, a toddler who

or complementary foods in children,

does not have a history of infectious

(3)

of

diseases, and toddlers who have a

children, (4) the preparation and

good diet. Exclusion criteria were

storage of food, (5) the practice

toddlers who have a history of

cleanliness

and

infectious diseases, infants who had

environmental sanitation and (6)

disturbed eating patterns, KMS her

toddler care in sickness such as

missing child and family that do not

health care seekers. Breastfeeding

exist in the time of the study.

development

and

the
of

psychosocial

or

growth

optimal

stimulation

hygiene

complementary

feeding

this

The

by UNICEF further developed by

supporting

of

design.

Tapen
211

Puskesmas

respondents,

to

in

The sampling technique using

children as well as the preparation

simple random sampling method,

with a total sample of 66 people. The

education,

income

parents

on

independent variable in this study is

nutritional

status

parenting a toddler's mother. The

analysis with multinomial logistic

dependent variable in this study is

regression using SPSS.

the nutritional status of children.

Logistic Regression Tests Formula:

multivariate

Primary data obtained from the

questionnaire enclosed. Secondary
data were obtained from the KMS.

RESULTS
From the results, the highest

Excessive nutrient status when the

green line is above the KMS.
Nutritional status good when you're
on the green line KMS, Nutritional
status less when you're on the yellow
line KMS, poor nutritional status
when it is below the red line KMS.
Data

obtained

from

the

questionnaire prepared in advance in

the form of a frequency distribution
table and cross table then the data in
the analysis. Parenting better if the
score> 75% -100%, pretty good if>
65% -75%, when 50-65% less.
Analysis of the data to determine the
relationship between parenting and

number of maternal age is the age of

20-29 years amounted to 45.5 mother
as much as 37.8 aged 30-39 years,
and 40-49 years of age sebanya
16.7%. Most mothers graduated from
high school education is 39.5%. as
much as 34.8% of high school
graduates, 8.2% of primary school
graduates da illiterate as much as
7.5%.

Most

family

income

<1

million by 47%, 1-1.5 million total

revenue 33.3%, 1.5 to 2 million
revenue 19.7%. Mother with good
parenting as much as 71.2%, pretty
much parenting and parenting 15.2%
less as much as 13.6%. Toddlers with

good nutrition as much as 75.7%,

children in the Village District of

21.3% Malnutrition and BGM as

Kudu Sidokaton Jombang, then used

much as 3.0%.

logistic regression multinominal as

From the results of crosstabs

known that as many as nine children

the response variable consists of

more than one category .

who get less good parenting, 2

Logistic

Regression

Test

people have nutritional status of

formula: Parenting, maternal age,

BGM and 7 people have less

maternal

nutritional status. A total of 10

income tested together to know is

children who get good enough

there

parenting of her mother, 7 possessed

independent

child malnutrition status and 3

dependent variable. Based on the test

children get a good nutritional status.

results show the value of significance

And as many as 47 children who get

(p) of 0000 which is smaller than

good parenting of her mother, 47

alpha 0.05, so reject Ho, where Ho is

children have good nutritional status.

no significant effect of independent

So it can be concluded that the better

variables on the dependent variable.

upbringing of the child's mother, then

So it can be concluded that there is a

the better nutritional status anyway.

minimum of the first independent

Furthermore, to examine the

relationship between parenting and

education

any

and

significant
variables

family

effect

of

on

the

variables that significantly affect the

dependent variable.

other variables that maternal age,

maternal

education,

and

family

income with the nutritional status of

Variable
Mothers Age (X1)

.000

.037

Mothers
Qualification (X2)

.000

.261

Income (X3)

.000

.118

Based on this research R

Parenting (X4)
.000
.000
R square
.725
Probability value for X1 and

square 0.725 that indicated variation

X4 there are 0.037 dan 0.000 are

of variable dependent data in this

smaller

So,

research can explain the variation of

hypothesis of H0 is denied, thats

variable dependen as 72,5 % and the

mean variable X1 dan X4, maternal

rest of it, explain by the others of

age and the nutrition of children has

variable dependent in the other

influenced depended variable (y)

research.

than

alpha

5%.

there is health status of children.

Furthermore, probability value for X2

DISCUSSION

and X3 there are 0.261 dan 0.118 has

Based on the results of

a bigger value than alpha 5%. Based

multivariate analysis with logistic

on the result hypothesis of H0 is

regression showed that multinominal

acceptable so, variable X2 and X,

between parenting mothers with

mother education and family income

nutritional status of children in the

isnt influence variable dependent (y)

Village District of Kudu Sidokaton

there is health status of children with

Jombang

constanta value intercept 0.000.

relationship. This is indicated by the

has

significant

significance value of 0.000 dan 0.037

which is smaller than the significant
value of 0.05 test, so reject H0. For
Y = 0.000 + 0.037 (Maternal
Age) + 0,000 ( Parenting)
Y=0.037

toddlers who get better quality of

care likely to have a low morbidity
and nutritional status are relatively

better. This suggests that parenting is

no good parenting coupled with poor

an important factor in the nutritional

environmental anyway it would be

and health status of children under

worse nutritional status than children

five. This is consistent with the

with good parenting.

results of research in several areas in

Which is not good parenting

Indonesia, which indicates that most

can affect the nutritional status

growth disorders is not due to a

decline, then all parents, especially

physical

to

mothers who play a role in the

inadequate care.4 Furthermore, the

regulation of food the family, should

socio-economic crisis, awareness of

be able to apply to their parenting

healthy living behaviors relatively

well, about in terms of feeding the

low concern inhibit parenting, so that

child, the child care of personal

will affect the nutritional status of

hygiene and health environment,

children.

child care in sickness, and skills of

disability,

Culturally
maternal

role

governance
included

but

due

in

Indonesia

good parenting. Because the practice

in

regulating

is closely related to the care of

household

children under five in the household

everyday
in

the

family

arrangements.

To

that

food

end,

nutrition

are

realized

with

the

availability of nutrient intake of a

housewife is a major determinant in

balanced diet.

the development of human resources

CONCLUSION

in family and child development

Based on the research that

before entering school age. So it can

has been done, it can be concluded

be seen children who grew up with

that there is a significant correlation

(significant)

between

parenting

Assessment.

mothers with nutritional status of

children in the Village District of

London:

Medical Publishers EGC.

3.

Kudu Sidokaton Jombang

Patrice Engle L, et al. 1997.

Care and Nutrition Concepts and
Measurement.

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1.

Nutrition for Mother and Child

Health. Jakarta: Graha Science.
Supariasa, ID Nyoman et
al.

2014.

Nutritional

International

Food Policy Research Institute:

Sulistyoningsih, H. 2011.

2.

Book

Status

Washington, DC
4.

Indonesian Pediatric
Association. 2008. Growth and
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Sagung Seto.