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Ipomoea aquatica is a semiaquatic, tropical plant grown as a vegetable for its tender shoots and leaves. It is
found throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, although it is not known where it originated.
This plant is known in English as water spinach, river spinach, water morning glory, water convolvulus, or by
the more ambiguous names Chinese spinach, Chinese Watercress, Chinese convolvulus, swamp cabbage
or kangkong in Southeast Asia. Occasionally, it has also been mistakenly called "kale" in English, although
kale is a strain of mustard belonging to the species Brassica oleracea and is completely unrelated to water
spinach, which is a species of morning glory. It is known as phak bung in Thai and Laotian, ong choy in
Cantonese, kongxincai in Mandarin Chinese, rau mung in Vietnamese, kangkong in Tagalog, gazun in
Myanmar, trokuon in Khmer, kolmou xak in Assamese, kalmi saag in Hindi, kalmi shak in Bengali, Thooti
Koora in Telugu, water spinach in Indonesian, Malay and Sinhalese and hayoyo in Ghana. In Suriname
(South-America) it's known as dagoeblad or dagublad.
Water spinach prefers sunny location and hot weather. Sow seeds in late spring when the weather is warm
and continue sowing all summer. The seeds will not germinate if the soil temperature is low. Sow seeds
foot apart in rows. You may soak seeds 24 hrs. prior to sowing, to increase the germination rate. Plant
seeds at depth of inch. Seeds germinate in 7-14 days. In order to extend the growing season, particularly in
northern U.S., start seeds indoors then transplant into the garden when the weather is warm. When plants
are inches tall, thin or transplant to stand inches apart in the row. The plant can also be grown by stem
cutting anytime during the warm weather. Cut the young active growing shoots just below the node and
remove the two leaves from the base of the cutting. Cover at least one node with soil or sand in flat or small
container. Keep the flat in the shade. After one week roots will develop, then transplant into the garden.
The young shoot can also be rooted in water and transplanted. Do not grow water spinach in the shade
because it needs plenty of sunshine. The plants will bloom during short days (i.e. late summer or fall).
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015
OBJECTIVE
1. To investigate the plant requirement for growth in indoor condition
2. To investigate the relationship between light, water and temperature in plant growth
3. To investigate the effect of fertilizer in water spinach growth
MATERIAL
Cup, peat moss, water spinach seed, water, measuring scales machine , compost
METHOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015
RESULT
Weight of root.
Treatment/replicate
Control
Treatment 1(30 tan
compost)
Treatment 2 (60
tan compost)
R1
0.05
0.09
R2
0.07
0.10
R3
0.08
0.07
Average
0.07
0.09
0.14
0.14
0.05
0.11
R1
0.20
0.42
R2
0.41
0.34
R3
0.52
0.46
Average
0.44
0.41
0.21
0.37
0.51
0.36
Total result
Average root
Average upper
TFW/ha
Weight(kg)
part
0.07
0.44
301,775.16
301.78
0.09
0.41
295,858.00
295.86
0.11
0.36
278,106.52
278.11
*price of Kangkung as 26 November, at Sibu, Sarawak RM450.00/100kg @ RM4.50/kg
CAG3003
Price/kg
RM1358.00
RM1331.40
RM1251.50
12 DESEMBER 2015
CALCULATION
Volume of cup
= 2
= 3.142(3.05)27.9
= 230.76cm3
=230.76 gram
Therefore, 1cm3 water = 1gram water. So, water that applied to the crop is 11ml every day.
Plant density = 591,716 plant/ha
0.1130,000 compost 1
3106
= 0.0011kg, 1.1g
60 ton
=
0.1160,000 compost 1
3106
= 0.0022kg, 2.2g
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015
DISCUSSION
In this experiment, there are three treatment that we used which were treatment 1 being applied with 30 tan
compost ha-1 and treatment 2 with 60 tan compost ha-1. For the other one treatment was as control.
How compost can affect the plant growth of kangkung?
The nutrient value of composts varies widely, depending upon the nature of feedstock composted. If initial
material contains grass clippings, weeds, or manure, it will be richer in nitrogen and other nutrients than if it
contains mainly straw, litter, dirt or corn stalks. Composts also contain a great variety of micronutrients. Since
organic materials for composting contain products of agriculture or horticulture, it is logical to expect these
nutrients to be present in the compost.
Compost improves the structure and texture of the soil enabling it to better retain nutrients, moisture, and air
for the betterment of plants. From the observation, applying compost to the soil can increase the plant nutrient
availability and it can stimulate the development of root and plant growth.
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015
APPENDIX
Kangkung seed
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015
CONCLUSION
The plant was small because not enough nutrient and water. Plant need the water and light for growth. That
why the plant growth and the shoot directed to light. Some plant was died because of thinning work. It is
because the root of plant was break or injured. Based on the treatment that been conduct we can conclude
that different quantity of fertilizer affect the growth of water spinach.so plant need adequate amount of
fertilizers to maximized growth at the same time required enough light to undergo photosynthesis.
CAG3003
12 DESEMBER 2015