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Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)
Chapter 6 Glaciers, Deserts, and Winds

1) A name commonly used as a synonym for the most recent Ice Age is ________.
A) Pennsylvanian period
B) Miocene epoch
C) Mesozoic era
D) Pleistocene epoch
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.6 Glaciers of the Ice Age
Bloom's: Remembering
2) ________ is one of the two major flow mechanisms in a glacier.
A) Slipping
B) Elastic pushing
C) Frost heaving
D) Glacial rebound
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.2 How Glaciers Move
Bloom's: Understanding
3) Where is the world's largest ice sheet located today?
A) Greenland
B) Russia, Siberia
C) Iceland
D) Antarctica
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.1 Glaciers: A Part of Two Basic Cycles in the Earth System
4) Which one of the following is NOT true of glaciers?
A) originate on land
B) exist only in the Northern Hemisphere
C) show evidence of past or present flow
D) form from the recrystallization of snow
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.1 Glaciers: A Part of Two Basic Cycles in the Earth System
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) Which one of the following applies to a valley glacier that lengthens (extends the position of
its terminus downslope) over a period of many years?
A) wastage exceeds accumulation
B) accumulation exceeds wastage
C) accumulation and wastage are about equal
D) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
6) Abrasion and plucking generally involve what part of a glacier?
A) the internal flowage zone
B) the snout zone
C) the surface brittle zone
D) the bottom or base
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.3 Glacial Erosion
7) During the most recent ice age, glaciers covered about ________ percent of Earth's land area.
A) 3
B) 10
C) 30
D) 50
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.6 Glaciers of the Ice Age
8) ________ are erosional features produced by valley/alpine glaciers.
A) Moraines
B) Cirques
C) Eskers
D) Drumlins
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
9) The term drift ________.

A) refers only to alpine glaciers
B) refers only to moraines
C) is synonymous with the term till
D) means any sediments of glacial origin
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.4 Glacial Deposits
Give the term of the appropriate material for each feature.
till
outwash
solid rock
10) moraine
Answer: till
Diff: 1
11) glacial erratic
Answer: solid rock
Diff: 1
12) cirque
Answer: solid rock
Diff: 1
13) esker
Answer: outwash
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
14) horn
Answer: solid rock
Diff: 1
15) drumlin
Answer: till
Diff: 1
16) Ice Age glaciers had many indirect effects. Which one of the following was NOT such an
effect?
A) formation of mountains
B) extinction of some organisms
C) changes in some river courses
D) sea level fluctuations
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.5 Other Effects of Ice Age Glaciers
17) A(n) ________ represents a former meltwater channel or tunnel in glacial ice that was filled
with sand and gravel.
A) esker
B) yazoo ridge
C) valley plain
D) kettle
Answer: A
Diff: 1
18) A(n) ________ is likely to host a waterfall or steep rapids today.
A) outwash plain
B) hanging valley
C) striated drumlin
D) horn peak
Answer: B
Diff: 1
19) Which process occurs where a glacier enters the sea?
A) kaming
B) calving
C) surging
D) drowning
Answer: B
Diff: 1
4
20) A ________ forms when a block of ice is buried in drift and subsequently melts, creating a
pit.
A) tarn
B) paternoster
C) kame
D) kettle
Answer: D
Diff: 1
21) A(n) ________ is an irregular, usually thin till layer laid down by a retreating glacier.
A) terminal moraine
B) outwash blanket
C) kame sheet
D) ground moraine
Answer: D
Diff: 1
22) A broad accumulation of stratified drift deposited adjacent to the downstream edge of an end
moraine is a(n) ________.
A) kame terrace
B) esker
C) outwash plain
D) ground moraine
Answer: C
Diff: 1
23) Which one of the following statements is true?
A) Desert landscapes are monotonous, relatively flat areas covered to various depths with sand.
B) Deserts and dry lands are concentrated in areas of ascending air masses and relatively low
atmospheric pressures.
C) Despite infrequent rainfalls, erosional and depositional features of running water are
important in desert landscapes.
D) Rainshadow deserts occur where air masses descend after having risen to cross a mountain
range.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.9 Geological Processes in Arid Climates
24) Desert pavement is the result of ________.

A) deflation
B) abrasion by windblown sand
C) erosion by running water
D) intense chemical weathering
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.11 Wind Erosion
25) The loess deposited in many parts of the Midwest ________.
A) was once glacial outwash deposits
B) is in the form of transverse dunes
C) is uniformly thick
D) had its source in desert regions
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.12 Wind Deposits
26) Desert and steppe lands cover about what percentage of Earth's land area?
A) 10%
B) 66%
C) 30%
D) 3%
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.8 Deserts
27) What mature, desert landscape feature consists of coalesced alluvial fans?
A) balda
B) bajada
C) bahia
D) baja
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.10 Basin and Range: The Evolution of a Mountainous Desert Landscape
28) Inselbergs are ________.

A) insulated icebergs floating in a hot spring
B) blowouts cut from bedrock in mountainous areas
C) lithified rock formed by cementation of wind-deposited, dune sands
D) bedrock hills in a highly eroded desert landscape
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the
relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the
pattern.
29) drumlin
cirque
Answer: cirque
Diff: 1
esker
moraine
30) horn
arte
lateral moraine
Answer: drumlin
Diff: 1
31) calving zone of accumulation
Answer: zone of accumulation
Diff: 1
32) drumlin
kame
Answer: drumlin
Diff: 2
33) sand dune
deflation
Answer: sand dune
Diff: 2
kettle
drumlin
melting
zone of wastage
esker
blowout
desert pavement
34) arroyo
wadi
inselberg
nullah
Answer: inselberg
Diff: 1
35) loess
alluvial fan
playa
inselberg
Answer: loess
Diff: 2
36) Crevasses are short, narrow cracks in the plastic flow zone of a glacier that alternately open
and close as the ice flows along.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
37) When a glacier is retreating, the upstream ice is still moving forward toward the downstream
terminus of the glacier.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
38) Till is an unsorted sediment deposited directly from the melting glacial ice; stream action is
not involved.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
39) Melting and calving are two forms of ablation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
40) Fiords are glacier-cut valleys that flooded as sea level rose in post-glacial times.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
41) A cirque represents an erosional feature formed in what was an important accumulation zone
for snow and ice at the upstream head of a glacier.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
42) The Pleistocene epoch is the only glacial period for which evidence exists.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.7 Causes of Glaciation
43) Artes, horns, and U-shaped valleys are erosional features carved from bedrock by glaciers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
44) Moraines are the only glacial deposits composed of till.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
45) Fiords are found exclusively along the coast of Norway.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
46) Eskers and kames are deposited by meltwater streams, and they are composed of stratified
sand and gravel.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
47) Running water is an important erosional agent in many arid lands despite infrequent rainfalls.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
48) Arid and semiarid climates cover nearly one-third of Earth's land surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.8 Deserts
49) The Basin and Range region of the western United States is an excellent example of a
mountainous desert landscape.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
50) The Colorado River is an example of a large wash.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
51) Bajadas develop from coalescence of alluvial fans along fronts of mountain ranges in arid
lands.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
52) A playa is an intermittent lake on the floor of a desert valley.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
53) Windblown loess, like sand, typically accumulates as mound-like dunes.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
54) Blowouts are broad, shallow depressions excavated by deflation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
10
55) The steeper, leeward slope of a sand dune is called the slip face.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
56) Loess consists mainly of silt-sized particles.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
57) Inselbergs and small, steep alluvial fans are characteristic of recently faulted basin and range
terrain in dry lands.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
58) The upper 50 meters or so of a glacier is known as the zone of ________.
Answer: fracture
Diff: 1
59) What term describes open fissures in the brittle surface ice of a glacier?
Answer: crevasse
Diff: 1
60) Bowl-shaped depressions in bedrock at upstream ends of alpine glacial valleys are called
________.
Answer: cirque
Diff: 1
61) During the Pleistocene glacial epoch, pluvial lakes were common in valley regions of what
part of the United States?
Answer: Basin and Range
Diff: 1
Topic: 6.5 Other Effects of Ice Age Glaciers
11
62) What is the name for the very large pluvial lake that once existed in northwestern Utah?
Answer: Lake Bonneville
Diff: 1
Topic: Figure 6.22
63) ________ are smoothly tapered, elongated hills of till shaped by an overriding continental
ice sheet.
Answer: Drumlins
Diff: 1
64) A(n) ________ is a closed depression formed by melting of an ice block buried in a moraine
or outwash plain.
Answer: kettle
Diff: 1
65) A(n) ________ is a narrow, winding ridge composed of outwash deposited in a tunnel or
channel cut into stagnant, glacial ice.
Answer: esker
Diff: 1
66) What term denotes a glacial valley that was partly flooded as sea level rose?
Answer: fiord
Diff: 1
67) A(n) ________ is an intermittent lake on the floor of a desert basin.
Answer: playa
Diff: 1
68) In dry lands, ________ is the covering of coarse particles left on the surface after the finer
particles are carried away by wind and running water.
Answer: desert pavement
Diff: 1
12
69) The leeward slope of a sand dune is also known as the ________.
Answer: slip face
Diff: 1
70) Deposits of windblown silt are called ________.
Answer: loess
Diff: 1
71) The low, bedrock ridges and peaks of a highly eroded, basin and range, desert landscape are
called ________.
Answer: inselbergs
Diff: 1
Critical Thinking and Discussion. Use complete sentences, correct spelling, and the
information presented in Chapter 6 to answer the questions below.
72) Glacial ice is very effective as an agent of erosion. How would you identify glacial sediments
from alluvial (stream) sediments? Also, could certain glacial sediments be mistaken for
alluvium?
Answer: Glacial sediments would be almost upside down relative to stream sediments. In the
case of an esker, a river is running through the glacier, depositing sediment. As the glacier
recedes, the sediment is set down on the landscape, making the size and sorting similar to a
stream depositional environment, however, instead of being in a stream bed, it would be place on
top of the land.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Analyzing
73) Would most features of alpine glaciation be preserved in the geologic record? Why or why
not? What about continental glaciation?
Answer: Alpine glacation would not be preserved because weathering attacks the highest point
on the landscape, therefore the tops of mountains are constantly eroded by myriad forces. These
forces would remove evidence of past alpine glaciations. Continental glaciation would leave
depositional features as the glaciers recede, therefore there would be evidence of this type of
glaciation.
Diff: 3
Topic: 6.3 Glacial Erosion and 6.4 Glacial Deposits
Bloom's: Analyzing
13
74) Wind is included along with gravity, water, and ice as an agent of erosion. In many national
parks and other areas of natural beauty, statements are often made that credit wind as having
sculpted the landscape. Briefly discuss the importance of wind as an agent of erosion and explain
why such statements are probably geologically inaccurate.
Answer: Wind itself is not an agent of erosion, it is only when sand it borne on the wind that
rocks are shaped by this sand, rather than the wind itself.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Analyzing
75) Label the zone of accumulation and the zone of wastage on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 6.7 in Chapter 6 of Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
14
76) On the blanks provided below, fill in the name of the labeled features that formed as a
product of alpine glaciation.
Answer: (a) hanging valley

Diff: 2
Bloom's: Applying
(b) arte
(c) horn
(d) tarn
(e) paternoster lake
77) Label the alluvial fans and playa lakes on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 6.29 A in Chapter 6 of Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
15
(f) cirques
78) Label the bajadas and playa on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 6.29 B in Chapter 6 of Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
16

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Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)

Chapter 6 Glaciers, Deserts, and Winds

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

9) The term drift ________.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

24) Desert pavement is the result of ________.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

28) Inselbergs are ________.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: See Figure 6.7 in Chapter 6 of Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: (a) hanging valley

(e) paternoster lake

Answer: See Figure 6.29 A in Chapter 6 of Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

78) Label the bajadas and playa on the diagram below.

Answer: See Figure 6.29 B in Chapter 6 of Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

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