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Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)
Chapter 19 Weather Patterns and Severe Weather

1) When an area is experiencing several consecutive days of rather constant weather, it is
probably ________.
A) warm-front weather
B) cold-front weather
C) air-mass weather
D) occluded front weather
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.1 Air Masses
Bloom's: Understanding
2) An air mass from the Gulf of Mexico is labeled ________.
A) cP
B) mP
C) cT
D) mT
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Remembering
3) A cT air mass is ________.
A) cold and dry
B) cold and humid
C) warm and dry
D) warm and humid
Answer: C
Diff: 1
4) An mP air mass is ________.
A) cold and dry
B) cold and humid
C) warm and dry
D) warm and humid
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) The air masses that have the greatest influence on weather conditions in the central United
States are ________.
A) cP and mT
B) mP and cP
C) cT and cP
D) mP and mT
Answer: A
Diff: 1
6) This air mass may produce an occasional "nor'easter" in the winter.
A) cP
B) mP
C) cT
D) mT
Answer: B
Diff: 1
7) This air mass often originates as a different air mass in Siberia and is subsequently altered.
A) cP
B) mP
C) cT
D) mT
Answer: A
Diff: 1
8) This air mass is the source of much of the moisture for precipitation in the central and eastern
United States.
A) cP
B) mP
C) cT
D) mT
Answer: D
Diff: 1
9) If you were 200 kilometers ahead of the surface position of a warm front, you would find the
frontal surface at a height of about ________ km overhead.
A) 0.5
B) 1.0
C) 1.5
D) 2.0
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
10) On a weather map, ________ fronts are shown by a line with triangular points on one side.
A) warm
B) cold
C) occluded
D) stationary
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
11) After the center of a mature wave cyclone passes, you should expect ________.
A) barometric pressure to rise
B) warmer temperatures
C) barometric pressure to fall
D) barometric pressure to remain steady
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.3 The Middle-Latitude Cyclone
12) "Rain long foretold, long last; short notice, soon past." The first five words of this weather
proverb ________.
A) refer to a cold front
B) refer to a warm front
C) refer to an anticyclone
D) have no basis in fact
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
13) On a weather map, ________ fronts are shown by a line with semicircles extending from one
side.
A) warm
B) cold
C) occluded
D) stationary
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
14) If an observer sees cirrus clouds, followed later by cirrostratus, and then altostratus, he or she
is witnessing the approach of a ________ front.
A) warm
B) cold
C) warm or cold
D) none of these
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
15) A wind shift from south or southwest to northwest is commonly associated with the passage
of a ________ front.
A) warm
B) cold
C) neither warm nor cold
D) stationary
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
16) Which of the following is considered to be a boundary between two different air masses?
A) warm front
B) cold front
C) both warm front and cold front
D) none of these
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
17) Usually ________ fronts produce several hours of moderate-to-gentle precipitation over a
large region.
A) warm
B) cold
C) warm and cold
D) none of these
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
18) When an active cold front overtakes a warm front ________.
A) the fronts cancel one another out
B) cloud formation ceases
C) an occluded front forms
D) a stationary front is created
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
19) Cold fronts and warm fronts in the middle latitudes are often associated with a ________.
A) hurricane
B) middle-latitude cyclone
C) low pressure
D) both B and C
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
20) Which of the following should have the steepest pressure gradient?
A) tornado
B) middle-latitude cyclone
C) hurricane
D) All should have equally steep pressure gradients.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.6 Tornadoes
21) Which one of the following statements is NOT true of tornadoes?

A) occur most frequently in the spring of the year
B) usually occur along the warm front of a mid-latitude cyclone
C) most common in the Midwest and Great Plains
D) associated with cumulonimbus clouds
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
22) In the Northern Hemisphere, tornadoes are most frequent during the ________.
A) January-March period
B) April-June period
C) October-December period
D) month of September
Answer: B
Diff: 1
23) Tornadoes most often move TOWARDS what direction?
A) west
B) southeast
C) northeast
D) northwest
Answer: C
Diff: 1
24) Typhoon is another name for a ________.
A) wave cyclone
B) hurricane
C) tornado
D) squall line
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.7 Hurricanes
25) When a hurricane moves onto land, it rapidly loses its punch; that is, the storm declines in
intensity. Which of the factors listed below contribute to this loss of punch?
A) friction
B) lack of warm, moist air
C) heating from below by the land surface
D) both A and B
Answer: D
Diff: 1
26) The eye of a hurricane is ________.
A) the portion with the highest wind speeds
B) warmer than the rest of the storm
C) along the leading edge of the storm
D) the area of most intense rainfall
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
27) Hurricanes generally are ________.
A) larger than tornadoes
B) smaller than mid-latitude cyclones
C) areas of heavy rainfall and strong winds
D) all of these
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
28) The precipitation associated with a warm front typically arrives ________ the actual frontal
boundary.
A) considerably ahead of
B) considerably behind
C) at about the same time as
D) none of these
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the
relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the
pattern.
29) cP
mT
cA
Answer: cA
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
mP
30) tornado
cyclone
Answer: anticyclone
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Analyzing
anticyclone
31) cold front

stationary front
Answer: stationary front
Diff: 2
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
Bloom's: Analyzing
32) tropical storm
Answer: tornado
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
hurricane
warm front
tropical depression
occluded front
hurricane
tornado
33) A cT air mass is dry and warm.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
34) Air masses that form in the Gulf of Mexico are classified as mT.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
35) Continental polar air masses seldom influence the weather south of the Great Lakes.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
36) Warm fronts generally have steeper slopes than cold fronts.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
37) Cold fronts usually move more slowly than warm fronts.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
38) Precipitation associated with a cold front is usually more intense and shorter in duration than
precipitation generated by a warm front.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
39) An occluded front is depicted on a weather map as a line with semicircles on one side and
triangular points on the other side.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
40) In a mature middle-latitude cyclone, the warm front precedes the cold front.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
41) Surface cyclones are accompanied by divergence aloft.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
42) Thunderstorms are usually associated with nimbostratus clouds.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.5 Thunderstorms
43) Most severe thunderstorms that occur in the middle latitudes form along or ahead of cold
fronts.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
44) Thunder is produced by lightning.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
45) Divergence aloft helps maintain surface lows.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
46) The summer months (June through August in the Northern Hemisphere) is the period of
greatest tornado frequency.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
47) Tornadoes are most often generated along the cold front of a middle-latitude cyclone.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
48) Tornadoes are cyclonic while hurricanes are anticyclonic.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
49) A tornado watch is issued by the National Weather Service after a tornado has been sighted in
an area.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
10
50) Doppler radar aids tornado detection.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
51) In some parts of the world hurricanes are called typhoons or cyclones.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
52) A tropical depression has stronger winds than a tropical storm.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
53) In a hurricane the greatest wind speeds and heaviest rainfall occur in the region called the
eye.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
54) Hurricanes form between the latitudes of 5 degrees and 20 degrees.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
55) Hurricanes most often develop in late summer.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
56) A large body of air that is characterized by a homogeneity of temperature and moisture at any
given level is a(n) ________.
Answer: air mass
Diff: 1
11
57) The boundary between air masses having different densities is called a(n) ________.
Answer: front
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
58) When an active cold front overtakes a warm front, a(n) ________ front forms.
Answer: occluded
Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
59) The electrical discharge of lightning rapidly heats the air, which in turn causes it to expand
explosively to produce ________.
Answer: thunder
Diff: 1
60) When conditions appear favorable for tornado formation, a(n) ________ is issued for areas
covering about 65,000 square kilometers.
Answer: tornado watch
Diff: 1
61) The new generation of weather radar that is capable of detecting motion directly is called
________ radar.
Answer: Doppler
Diff: 1
62) In the western Pacific, hurricanes are called ________.
Answer: typhoons
Diff: 1
63) At the center of a hurricane is a relatively calm region called the ________.
Answer: eye
Diff: 1
12
64) By international agreement, lesser tropical cyclones are given different names based on the
strength of their winds. When a cyclone's strongest winds do not exceed 61 kilometers (38 miles)
per hour, it is called a(n) ________.
Answer: tropical depression
Diff: 1
Critical Thinking and Discussion. Use complete sentences, correct spelling, and the
information presented in Chapter 19 to answer the questions below.
65) Compare the characteristics (general weather, movement, etc.) of a cold front to a warm
front. Also, briefly explain why they exhibit different characteristics.
Diff: 2
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
Bloom's: Applying
66) Discuss the formation and growth of hurricanes. When do they occur, how are they related to
low pressure, where do they get their energy, and why do they finally lose strength and dissipate?
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Applying
67) Why does the central United States from Texas to the Ohio Valley experience the greatest
frequency of tornadoes on Earth? What time of year do they occur and why? Is it possible for
tornadoes to occur in other areas and at different times throughout the year?
Diff: 2
13
68) Label the air masses on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 19.3 in Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
14
69) What type of front is illustrated in the diagram below?
Answer: warm front

Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
Answer: cold front

Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
15
Answer: occluded front

Diff: 1
Topic: 19.2 Fronts
16

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Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)

Chapter 19 Weather Patterns and Severe Weather

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

21) Which one of the following statements is NOT true of tornadoes?

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

31) cold front

33) A cT air mass is dry and warm.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

50) Doppler radar aids tornado detection.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

68) Label the air masses on the diagram below.

Answer: See Figure 19.3 in Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

69) What type of front is illustrated in the diagram below?

Answer: warm front

Answer: cold front

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

71) What type of front is illustrated in the diagram below?

Answer: occluded front

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

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