A PATTERN is a form made of wood, metal, plastic, or composite materials around which a

molding material (usually prepared sand) is formed to shape the casting cavity of a mold.
Most patterns are removed from the completed mold halves and used repeatedly to make
many duplicate molds. Expendable patterns of such materials as wax or expanded polystyrene
are made in quantity and are used only once to produce an individual mold (see the
articles "Investment Casting" and "Replicast Process" and the discussion on the evaporative
foam process in the article "Sand Molding" in this Volume). The pattern equipment (tooling)
needed to make a casting includes the pattern and may also include one ormore core boxes.
Core boxes are used to make refractory inserts or cores that are placed within a mold cavity to
form internal cavities or passageways within the casting. The selection of the type of pattern
equipment used to make a casting depends on many factors, including the number of castings to
be produced, the size and shape of the casting, the molding or casting process to be used, and
other special requirements such as the dimensional accuracy required.
Patternmaking begins with the dimensions of the casting required; however, the design and
dimensions of the resultant pattern equipment must incorporate other features and take into
account various pattern allowances (Ref 1, 2). Patterns must be oversized to correct for the
contraction of the metal upon cooling and any extra metal to be removed from the machined
surfaces of a casting. A mold parting line must be selected, and taper or draft must be included on
the vertical faces of the pattern to permit the removal of reusable patterns from the mold.
Patterns also incorporate provisions for gating and risering (rigging), which facilitate the
flow (feeding) of metal into the mold cavity. For castings to be made with cores, the pattern
and core boxes must include projections called core prints, which are used to support and locate
the cores in the mold cavity. Figure 1 illustrates a typical pattern and mold configuration.

Sebuah POLA adalah bentuk yang terbuat dari kayu, logam, plastik, atau bahan komposit sekitar
bahan cetakan yang (pasir Biasanya disiapkan) adalah DIBENTUK untuk membentuk rongga
casting cetakan. Kebanyakan pola dikeluarkan dari bagian cetakan selesai dan digunakan untuk
membuat cetakan Berulang banyak duplikat. Pola dibuang uji materi sebagai lilin atau
polystyrene diperluas dibuat dalam kuantitas dan digunakan hanya sekali untuk menghasilkan
cetakan pada individu (lihat artikel "casting investasi" dan "Replicast Proses" dan diskusi pada
proses busa menguapkan dalam artikel "Pasir molding "dalam buku ini).