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NIM: 1503046060
Subject: Morphology
The suffix ance is not one of the small class of suffixes (so- called
inflectional suffixes) whose use is tightly determined by grammar.
Some bases are roots, whether bound (e.g. wive, the base for wives) or
free (e.g. cat, base for cats)
Others contain a root and one or more affixes, helpful as the base for
helpfulness.
Does that mean, then, that a lexeme cannot have both noun forms
(singular and plural) and verb forms?
The lexemes HOPE and FEAR both have verb (she hoped/feared for the
future) and noun forms (hope/fear for the future)
English in particular:
Compare HOPE and FEAR as verbs with other verbs that can be
followed by that-clauses, as in (1) and (2):
(1)
Look at HOPE and FEAR they are also derived from verbs even though
they carry no affix.
Prefixes predominate
eatable/uneatable
readable/unreadable
lawful/unlawful
touchable/untouchable
edible/inedible
legible/illegible
legal/illegal
tangible/intangible
paint, enter
repaint, re-enter
tie, tangle
untie, untangle
compose, sensitise
decompose, desensitise
entangle, believe
disentangle, disbelieve
(35)Intransitive
Lie (past lay)
Rise (past rose)
Fall (past fell)
Sit (past sat)
Transitive
Lied (past laid)
Raise (past raised)
Fell(past felled)
Set(past set)
Involve conversion as in
Jill boiled the water.
The water boiled.
5.9. Verbs derived from members of other word classes
When the roots they are attached are bound (e.g. CAUTERISE,
SANITISE, PETRIFY, SATISFY, MAGNIFY),it is often impossibe to decide
whether these roots are fundamentally nominal or adjectival.
Adjectives BOLD and LIVE as bases, the prefix en: EMBOLDEN, ENLIVEN
It turns out that the adjectives that can be bases for deriving en verbs
are all monosyllabic and all end in plosives (the sounds usually spelled
p,b,t,d, k and g)
STRONG -- STRENGTHEN
CONCLUSION
Not listed in dictionary-- -ly,un-,-ing,-ness