Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 papers
200 marks
2.
2 papers
200 marks
3.
1 paper
50 marks
4.
Pakistan Studies
1 paper
50 marks
Pre-Medical Group:
Physics, Chemistry, Biology
(B)
Pre-Engineering Group:
Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics
(C)
S. No.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Subject
Sindhi (Elective)
Civics
Education
Geography
Sociology
Mathematics
Computer Science
Islamic Culture
Library Science
Outlines of Home
Economics
HSSC I
1.
2.
3.
4.
Principles of Accounting
Principles of Economics
Principles of Commerce
Business Mathematics
paper I
paper I
paper I
paper I
100 marks
75 marks
75 marks
50 marks
paper II
paper II
paper II
paper II
100 marks
75 marks
75 marks
50 marks
HSSC II
1.
2.
3.
4.
Principles of Accounting
Commercial Geography
Computer Studies/Typing/Banking
Statistics
responsibility and selfless service to the nation. We have to see that they are fully
qualified and equipped to play their part in various branches of national life in a manner
which will do honour to Pakistan.
These desires of the Quaid have been reflected in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic
of Pakistan and relevant articles are:
The state shall endeavour, in respect of the Muslims of Pakistan:
a.
to make the teachings of the Holy Quran and Islamiat compulsory and
encourage and facilitate the learning of Arabic language to secure correct and
exact printing and publishing of the Holy Quran;
b.
Provide basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education and medical
relief for all such citizens irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race as are permanently or
temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of infirmity, sickness or
unemployment;
Remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum
possible period.
Enable the people of different areas, through education, training, agricultural and
industrial development and other methods, to participate fully in all the forms of national
activities including employment in the service of Pakistan;
The State shall discourage parochial, racial, tribal, sectarian and provincial prejudices
among the citizens.
Reduce disparity in the income and earnings of individuals, including persons in various
classes of the service of Pakistan.
Steps shall be taken to ensure full participation of women in all the spheres of national
life.
The vision is to transform Pakistani nation into an integrated, cohesive entity, that can
compete and stand up to the challenges of the 21st Century. The Policy is formulated to realize
the vision of educationally well-developed, politically united, economically prosperous, morally
sound and spiritually elevated nation.
OBJECTIVES
To make the Quranic principles and Islamic practices as an integral part of curricula so
that the message of the Holy Quran could be disseminated in the process of education as well as
training. To educate and train the future generation of Pakistan as true practicing Muslims who
would be able to usher in the 21 st century and the next millennium with courage, confidence,
wisdom and tolerance.
To achieve universal primary education by using formal and informal techniques to
provide second opportunity to school drop-outs by establishing basic education community
schools all over the country.
To meet the basic learning needs of a child in terms of learning tools and contents.
To expand basic education qualitatively and quantitatively by providing the maximum
opportunities to every child of free access to education. The imbalances and disparities in the
system will be removed to enhance the access with the increased number of more middle and
secondary schools.
To ensure that all the boys and girls, desirous of entering secondary education, get their
basic right through the availability of the schools.
To lay emphasis on diversification of curricula so as to transform the system from supplyoriented to demand oriented. To attract the educated youth to world-of-work from various
educational levels is one of the policy objectives so that they may become productive and useful
citizens and contribute positively as members of the society.
To make curriculum development a continuous process; and to make arrangements for
developing a uniform system of education.
To prepare the students for the world of work, as well as pursuit of professional and
specialized higher education.
inculcate among the students the habit of scientific and rational thinking and an
attitude to search for order and symmetry in diverse phenomena of nature and thereby to
appreciate the supreme wisdom and creative powers of the creator;
2.
lay a foundation for research and development by stimulating interest and developing
attitudes relevant to scientific methods;
3.
equip the students with the knowledge and understanding of concepts rather than the
ability to remember facts so that they may have a reasonably comprehensive and complete
grasp of principles of physics;
4.
5.
make it possible for the students to acquire knowledge, skills, working methods and
ways of expression which will contribute to an all round development of individual
student;
6.
promote an awareness that the application of science may be both beneficial and
detrimental to the individual, the community and the environment.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On the completion of the course the student should be able to:
1.
acquire the knowledge and understanding of physical concepts rather than the ability
to remember facts;
2.
develop the habit of scientific and rational thinking and an attitude to search order and
symmetry in apparently diverse phenomena of nature;
3.
4.
5.
6.
develop observational skills, confidence in using scientific equipment and relate the
knowledge of scientific concepts to quantitative and physical measurement;
7.
understand and appreciate the inter relationship and balance that exists in nature, the
problems associated with the over exploitation of the environmental resources and
disturbance because of the human activities in the ecological balance, thus taking care of
the environment;
8.
acquire knowledge, skills, working methods and ways of expression which will
reflect on all round development of the students attitudes towards scientific thinking and
its applications;
9.
help the students feel that the advancement in physics and its extended applications
are essential for the healthy growth of national economy and to appreciate that physics is a
major part of the modern world;
10.
develop attitudes such as concern for accuracy and precision, objectivity, and enquiry.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
The specific objectives of the intermediate level physics course are as follows:
A.
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Practical skills
Students should be able to:
C.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Application
Students should be able to:
1.
2.
D.
Communication skills
Students should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
Use modes to explain phenomena and discuss issues relating to the social,
economic, environmental and technological implications of physics.
E.
Attitudes
Students should acquire
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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SCOPE
Introduction to Physics (Brief account only)
Acceleration
Equations of motion
11
Projectile
Power
Energy
Conservation of energy
r 2= v , Fc = mr 2 =
mv 2
r
Angular momentum
Moment of Inertia
Descriptive treatment as I =
12
mi ri 2
i 1
Superposition of waves
13
Stationary waves
Dopplers effect
Polarization
Speed of light
14
Entropy
Q
T
15
Measurements
The students will be able to:
oKnow the impact of advances in Physics on society
oUnderstand that all physical quantities consist of a numerical magnitude and a unit.
oRecall the following base quantities and their units; mass (kg) length (m), time (s) current
(A), temperature (K), luminous intensity (Cd) and amount of substance (mol).
oDescribe and use of basic units, derived units, and supplementary units.
16
3.
17
Tidal energy
18
Circular Motion
oDescribe angular motion.
oDefine angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration.
oDefine radian and convert an angle from radian measure to degree and vice versa.
oUse the equation S = r to convert linear velocity to angular displacement.
oUse the equation V = r to convert linear velocity to angular velocity.
oDescribe qualitatively motion in a curved path due to a perpendicular force and
understand the centripetal acceleration in case of uniform motion in a circle.
oDerive the equation a = r = V 2 /r and Fc = m r and m V 2 /r
oUnderstand the concept of angular momentum.
oDescribe examples of conservation of angular momentum
oUnderstand and describe moment of inertia of a body.
oKnow moment of inertia of various bodies. Understand and express rotational kinetic
energy of a disc and a hoop on an inclined plane. Know and describe the motion of
artificial satellites.
oExpress that the objects in satellite appear to be weightless.
oKnow about a gravity free system.
oUnderstand that how and why artificial gravity is produced
oUnderstand geo-stationary orbits and orbital velocity of satellites
oKnow communication satellite and their applications
oDescribe Einsteins view of gravitation.
6.
Fluid Dynamics
oUnderstand the viscous forces in a fluid cause a retarding force on an object moving
through it.
oDescribe an experiment based on the measurement of terminal velocity to determine the
viscosity of a liquid.
19
oUnderstand how the magnitude of the viscous force in fluid flow depends on the velocity
gradient and on the viscosity of the fluid.
oUse dimensional analysis to confirm the form of the equation F = 6 r V (Stokes law)
for the drag force under laminar conditions in a viscous fluid.
oUse Stokes law to derive an expression for terminal velocity of spherical body falling
through a viscous fluid under laminar conditions.
oUnderstand the terms steady (laminar, streamline) flow, incompressible flow, non viscous
flow as applied to the motion of an ideal fluid.
oUnderstand how the velocity vector of a particle in an ideal fluid in motion is related to
the stream line associated with that particle.
oUnderstand how steam lines can be used to define a tube of flow.
oAppreciate that a sufficiently high velocity, the flow of viscous fluid undergoes a
transition from laminar to turbulent conditions.
oAppreciate that the equation of continuity A V = Constant for the flow of an ideal and
incompressible fluid.
oAppreciate that the equation of continuity is a form of the principle of conservation of
mass.
oUnderstand that the pressure difference can arise from different rates of flow of a fluid
(Bernoulli effect)
oDerive Bernoulli equation in form P 1 + v12 = P2 + v22 for the case of horizontal
tube of flow.
oExplain how Bernoulli effect is applied in the filter pump, in the Venturi meter, in
atomizers, in the flow of air over an aerofoil and in blood physics.
oAppreciate that the majority of practical examples of fluid flow and resistance to motion
in fluids involve turbulent rather than luminar conditions.
oGive qualitative explanations in terms of turbulence and Bernoulli effect for the swing of
a spinning cricket ball and the lift of a spinning golf ball and on an aeroplane.
7.
Oscillations
oInvestigate the motion of an oscillator using experimental, analytical and graphical
methods.
oUnderstand and describe that when an object moves in a circle the motion of its
projection on the diameter of the circle is simple harmonic.
20
Waves
oRecall the generation and propagation of waves.
oDescribe the nature of the motions in transverse and longitudinal waves.
oUnderstand and use the terms wave length, frequency and velocity of wave.
oUnderstand and use the equation v = f
oUnderstand and describe Newtons formula of velocity of sound.
oKnow Laplace correction in Newtons formula of velocity of sound for air.
oDerive the formula vt = v0 + 0.61t
oRecognize and describe the factors on which speed of sound in air depends.
oExplain and use the principle of superposition.
oUnderstand the terms interference and beats.
oDescribe the phenomena of interference and beats giving examples of sound waves.
oUnderstand and describe reflection of sound waves.
oDescribe experiments which demonstrate stationary waves for stretched strings and
vibrating air columns.
oExplain the formation of a stationary wave using a graphical method.
oUnderstand the terms node and anti-node.
oUnderstand and describe modes of vibration of strings.
21
Physical Optics
oUnderstand the concept of wave front.
oState Huygens principle
oUse Huygens principle to explain linear propagation, reflection and refraction of light.
oUnderstand interference of light.
oDescribe Youngs double slit experiment and the evidence it provided to support wave
theory of light.
n 1
) / d = y/L
2
n 1
) / d = y/L to solve any one variable
2
Optical Instruments
oRecognize the term of least distance of distinct vision.
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23
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Planning
B.
Implementing
C.
Students are required to carry out practical work as an integral part of the course. They are
advised to maintain a laboratory record book in which they record, for all their practical work,
the experimental arrangements used, the observations made and the analysis of these
observations. Particular attention should be placed on the following:
1.
Techniques:
i.
Reading to the maximum accuracy of linear and angular scales; use of vernier
scales; timing by stop-watch or stop-clock.
ii.
iii.
2.
Graphical Methods
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Choose, by inspection, a straight line which will serve as the best straight line
through a set of data points presented graphically.
vi.
Recall standard line form y = mx + c and rearrange relationships into linear form
where appropriate.
vii.
Understand and use of area below a curve where the area has physical
significance.
Procedures:
i.
ii.
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4.
Order of Accuracy
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
5.
Error Estimates
Rules for combination of maximum errors in the simple cases:
X + y, xy, x/y, xn.
26
PHYSICS PRACTICALS
A.
Standard experiments
1.
2.
To find the area of cross section of a wire or volume of small sphere using
micrometer screw gauge.
3.
To find the unknown weight of a body by the method of vector addition of forces.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
To study the fall of a body through a viscous medium and hence to deduce the
coefficient of viscosity of the medium.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
To determine the wave length of sound in air using stationary waves and to
calculate the speed of sound.
15.
16.
17.
Concave mirror
ii.
Convex lens
18.
To find the refractive index of the material of a prism by critical angle method.
19.
20.
27
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
B.
Exercises
At least one exercise based on each of the above mentioned standard experiments making
the total experiments equal to 50
28
TEACHING STRATEGIES
Physics should not be taken as a collection of facts, and teaching of physics should not
emphasize memorization of formal statements by rote, mechanical solution of problems by
formulae or carrying out measurements by following given detailed instructions.
The teachers should be well acquainted with the aims and objectives of the course. To
present physics in a lively, exciting and intelligible way, emphasis should be placed on teaching
for understanding by organized investigation, learning and discussion. A good demonstration can
be used to stimulate learning. It is intended that consideration of everyday industrial and
technological applications should pervade the course. Social, economic and environmental issues
should also be considered where appropriate.
Quantitative treatment is a feature of physics. However, teacher must keep the emphasize
on the understanding of the physical interpretation of theoretical formulae and experimental data.
An investigation approach to practical work is essential. Individual student project
promote creativity and demonstrate the students mastery of scientific principles involved.
Independent use of apparatus by the students develop manipulative skills. The development of
psychomotor skills such as correctly manipulating various instruments is an important objective
of physics course.
Practical work is essential for students to gain personal experience of physics through
doing and finding out. Another important objective of science teaching is to develop attitude of
thinking in students. Teachers are encouraged to design their lessons in such a way that suitable
questions avid activities are incorporated in order to develop various types avid levels of thinking
in students, including analysis, evaluation, critical thinking and creative thinking.
Teachers capable in content areas may opt the teaching strategy that matches with
psychology of the students. The strategy like posing problems, discussion, investigations, and
solving the problems with the involvement of the students may provide an ample opportunity in
conceptual clearance of a content.
In general student centred and interactive approaches are useful in providing suitable
learning experiences for stimulating and developing higher level thinking and are highly
29
recommended. Teachers may consider to adopt a variety of strategies from the following
spectrum which ranges from very teacher-centred methods to very-students centred methods.
30
31
32
compare
and
contrast,
create,
design,
33
formulate,
integrate,
rearrange,
Describe with the use of graphs how information on two or more variables
is related to other variables.
Apply:
Associate:
Calculate:
Demonstrate:
Implies that the candidate is expected to show how one thing is related to
another, usually it is a reference to theory but sometimes it is physical
manipulation or experiment.
Derive:
Describe:
To state in words (using diagrams where appropriate) the main points of the
topic. It is often used with reference either to particular phenomena or to
particular experiments. In the former instance, the term usually implies that
the answer should include reference to (visual) observations associated with
the phenomena.
Determine:
Often implies that the quantity concerned cannot be measured directly but
is obtained by calculation, substituting measured or known values of other
quantities into a standard formula, e.g. relative molecular mass.
Differentiate:
Discuss:
Draw/Sketch:
Explain:
34
Give examples:
Identify:
List:
Name:
Prove:
Recognize:
Involves looking at a given example and stating what it most probably is.
Relate:
Describe how facts or phenomena depend upon, follow from or are part of
another.
Represent:
Show:
Solve:
State:
Use:
35
Physics 11
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore
2.
3.
4.
5.
36