1.

Inchoate:
1. Being in a beginning or early stage; incipient: "The country was developing an incipient nati
onal art, an inchoate national literature"(Jay Winik).
2. Imperfectly formed or developed; disordered or incoherent: "A prophet must be a good pub
lic speaker, someone who can transforminchoate rage into eloquent diatribe" (David Leavitt).

2. Profligacy: recklessly wasteful; wildly extravagant, profligate behaviour;

Andersons profligacy cost him his job and its better you tighten up your belt
before you go the same way.
3. Sui Generis: being the only example of its kind, unique; Mr. Bill Tandy
generated his sui generis theory based on little research and more hypothesis,
thus finding no takers for his pet project.
4. Austerity: severe and morally strict; the quality of being austere, having no
pleasures or comforts; Every major war on this planet were followed by many
years of austerity.
5. Profligate: using money, resources, etc., in a way that wastes them; The
firms profligate spending only hastened its downfall.
adjective
1.
1.
recklessly extravagant or wasteful in the use of resources.
"profligate consumers of energy"
synony wasteful, extravagant, spendthrift, improvident, prodigal, immoderate,excessive, thrift
ms:
less, imprudent, reckless, irresponsible
"profligate local authorities"
2.

2.
licentious; dissolute.
"he succumbed to drink and a profligate lifestyle"
synony dissolute, degenerate, dissipated, debauched, corrupt, depraved,reprobate, unprincipl
ms:
ed, immoral; More
noun

1.

1.
a licentious, dissolute person.
"he is a drunkard and a profligate"
synonyms libertine, debauchee, degenerate, reprobate, rou, lecher, rake, loose-liver, dissolut
:
e person; More

6. Baldenfreude: Satisfaction derived from the misfortune of bald or balding

individuals (coined by NYT columnist Maureen Dowd); Humpty Dumptys
antics remain a constant source of baldenfreude for children and adults alike.
7. Opprobrium: harsh criticism, contempt; His ludicrous attempts at mimicry
in the office only earned him the opprobrium of his colleagues.
noun
1.

harsh criticism or censure.

"the critical opprobrium generated by his films"
sy
no
ny
m
s:

vilification, abuse, vituperation, condemnation, criticism, censure,castigation,

denunciation, defamation, denigration, disparagement,obloquy, derogation, s
lander, revilement, reviling, calumny, calumniation,execration, excoriation, la
mbasting, upbraiding, bad press, character
assassination, attack, invective, libel, insults, aspersions; More

public disgrace arising from shameful conduct.

"the opprobrium of being closely associated with gangsters"
synony disgrace, shame, dishonour, discredit, stigma, humiliation, loss of
ms:
face,ignominy, odium, obloquy, disfavour, disrepute, ill
repute, infamy,notoriety, scandal, stain;
raredisesteem
"the opprobrium of being associated with gangsters and thugs"

archaic
an occasion or cause of reproach or disgrace.
plural noun: opprobriums

8. Apostates: pl; a person who abandons a belief or principle; The millionaire

technocrat and his cronies were publicly derided for being apostates, after they
were exposed of polluting the environment while purporting to have spent
large sums for water conservation.
noun
plural noun: apostates

1.

a person who renounces a religious or political belief or principle.

"after fifty years as an apostate he returned to the faith"
synonyms:

dissenter, heretic, nonconformist;

9. Solipsistic: the theory that the self is all that can be known to exist; His
solipsistic view about life ensured that he lived in social isolation.
10. Obduracy: refusing to change in any way; Anthonys obduracy in his legal
case expedited his impeachment.
Obdurate is a formal word meaning stubborn. If you want to major in English, but your
parents are obdurate that you should go premed, they might go so far as to threaten not to
pay your tuition

11. Internecine: causing destruction to both sides; The African states

internecine conflict continues to extract a terrible toll on innocent human
lives.
Of or relating to struggle within a nation, organization, or group.
2. Mutually destructive; ruinous or fatal to both sides.
3. Characterized by bloodshed or carnage.

12. Soporific: adj; causing sleep; The soporific drug caused Tony to fall asleep
in the board meeting.
adjective
1.

1.
tending to induce drowsiness or sleep.
"the motion of the train had a somewhat soporific effect"

noun
1.

1.
a drug or other substance that induces drowsiness or sleep.
synonym sleeping pill, sleeping

s:

potion, sedative, calmative, tranquillizer, narcotic,opiate;

hypnotic
"she was given a soporific"

13. Kristallnacht: German, night of (broken) glass : Kristall, crystal (from

Middle High German, from Old High German cristalla, from Latin crystallus,
crystallum; see crystal) + Nacht, night (from Middle High German naht, from
Old High German; see nekw-t- in Indo-European roots); The Kristallnacht
remains an infamous event in the German history.
14. Peripatetic: going from place to place; The peripatetic bards of yore
propagated the words of the Holy Prophet.
adjective
1.

1.
travelling from place to place, in particular working or based in various places for relatively
short periods.
"the peripatetic nature of military life"
synon nomadic, itinerant, travelling, wandering, roving, roaming, migrant,migrat
yms: ory, ambulatory, unsettled, vagabond, vagrant
"his peripatetic way of life"

2.

2.
Aristotelian.
noun

1.

1.
a person who travels from place to place, especially a teacher who works in more than one
school or college.
"peripatetics have been cut under local management of schools"

2.

2.
an Aristotelian philosopher.

15. Nascent: beginning to exist, not fully developed; In its initial stage, the
nascent film industry faced harsh opposition from moral groups.
1.

adjective
(especially of a process or organization) just coming into existence and
beginning to display signs of future potential.
"the nascent space industry"
CHEMISTRY

(chiefly of hydrogen) freshly generated in a reactive form.

16. Desultory (Adj ): going from one thing to another, without a definite plan
or purpose; Garcias desultory conversation got everybody yawning.
not having a plan or purpose
: done without serious effort

17. Redoubtable: deserving to be feared and respected; Mikes redoubtable

instincts as a prize-fighter kept his opponents at arms distance.
1. causing fear or alarm : formidable
2.illustrious, eminent; broadly : worthy of respect

18. Hubris: excessive pride; The Empires vanity and hubris in its exaggerated
military were the reason for its downfall.
1. a great or foolish amount of pride or confidence
2. exaggerated pride or self-confidence

19. Mirabile Dictu: wonderful to relate; Randys winning putt remained

mirabile dictu in the golf club gossip for many years.
20. Crches: a place where babies are looked after while their parents work,
shop, etc.; Go down the Green Avenue and you will find a string of crches and
day-care centres.

21. Apoplectic: sudden loss of the ability to feel or move; adj: suffering from
apoplexy; easily made angry; His sons antics on the playground left him
apoplectic with rage.
adjective
1.

1.
informal
overcome with anger; furious.
"Mark was apoplectic with rage at the decision"
synony
ms:

furious, enraged, overcome with anger, infuriated, in a

temper,incensed, raging; More

2.
dated
relating to or denoting apoplexy (stroke).
"an apoplectic attack"

22. Overhaul: to examine carefully and thoroughly and make any necessary
changes or repairs; to come from behind and pass them; Michaels faster car
easily overhauled the leading drivers in the F1 championship.
verb
vhl/
1.

1.
take apart (a piece of machinery or equipment) in order to examine it and repair it if
necessary.
"the steering box was recently overhauled"
synony service, maintain, repair, mend, fix up, patch
ms:
up, rebuild, renovate,revamp, recondition, remodel, refit, refurbish, mod
ernize; More

2.

2.
BRITISH

overtake (someone), especially in a sporting event.

"Jodami overhauled his chief rival"
synony overtake, pass, get past, go past, go by, go faster than, get/pull ahead
ms:
of, outdistance, outstrip; More

noun
vhl/
1.

1.
a thorough examination of machinery or a system, with repairs or changes made if
necessary.
"a major overhaul of environmental policies"

23. Ersatz: used as a poor-quality substitute for something else, inferior to an

original item; The DJs ersatz musical numbers were a poor rendition of
Celinas work.
1. Being a usually inferior imitation or substitute; artificial: ersatz coffee made of chicory.
2. Not genuine; fake: "Popularity was an intoxicant ... reporters began to ask for interviews and I gave
them in an ersatz accent"(Maya Angelou).

24. Obstreperous: very noisy or difficult to control; Andys obstreperous

behavior just after a few drinks generally caused his early exit from most
parties.
1.

adjective
noisy and difficult to control.
"the boy is cocky and obstreperous"

25. Jejune: too simple, nave; dull, lacking nourishment; Horrified by the
senators jejune responses to their problems, the voters guild decided to
withdraw their support to him in the forthcoming elections.
1. Not interesting; dull: "and there pour forth jejune words and useless empty phrases" (Anthony Troll
ope).
2. Lacking maturity; childish: surprised by their jejune responses to our problems.
3. Lacking in nutrition: a jejune diet.

26. Omert: rule or code that prohibits speaking or revealing information,

generally relates to activities of organized crime; sub; the Mafia; Henry was
vowed to the code of Omert and sealed his lips during the police
interrogation.
27. Putative: generally supposed to be the thing specified; Mr Brown is
referred to as the putative father in the document.

1. (prenominal) commonly regarded as being: the putative father.

2. (prenominal) considered to exist or have existed; inferred
3. (Grammar) grammar denoting a mood of the verb in some languages used when the speaker does
not have direct evidence of whathe is asserting, but has inferred it on the basis of something else

28. Manichean: A believer in Manichaeism an ancient Iranian Gnostic

religion; Robertas Manichean beliefs found little approval in the stoic
theology group discussion.
Manichean comes from the word Mani, which is the name of an apostle who lived
in Mesopotamia in the 240s, who taught a universal religion based on what we
now call dualism. If you believe in the Manichean idea of dualism, you tend to
look at things as having two sides that are opposed. To Manicheans, life can be
divided neatly between good or evil, light or dark, or love and hate. When you
see Manichean, think two.
Related to manicheanism.

29. Canard: a false report or rumour, aerofoil designs on certain airplanes; The
disturbing canard about my companys finances left me in despair.
1.An unfounded or false, deliberately misleading story.
2. (Journalism & Publishing) a false report; rumour or hoax
3. (Aeronautics) an aircraft in which the tailplane is mounted in front of the wing
4. a false or baseless, usu. derogatory story, report, or rumor.

30. Ubiquitous: seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same

time; The ubiquitous internet is both a blessing, as well as, a curse.
adjective
1.

present, appearing, or found everywhere.

"his ubiquitous influence was felt by all the family"
synony omnipresent, ever-present, present everywhere, everywhere, allms:
over, all over the place, pervasive, allpervasive, universal, worldwide, global;

31. Atavistic(n): relating to the behavior of ones ancestors in the distant past;
The chieftain urged his tribe to curb their atavistic urges and refrain from
unnecessary violence.

Reappearing after being absent from a strain of organism for several generations. Used of an inherite
d trait.

32. Renminbi: another name for the Chinese Yuan, official currency of
Peoples Republic of China; Chinese renmin people + bi currency; Around
1950, the Chinese government officially released the Renminbi notes for
circulation.
33. Sanguine: hopeful, optimistic; She remained sanguine about our chances
of success in the raffle draw.
1.
a. Cheerfully confident; optimistic: sanguine about the prospects for an improved economy.
b. At ease; accepting: "Deborah was generally sanguine about the women in Franklin's life" (Walter Is
aacson).
2. Archaic
a. Having blood as the dominant humor in terms of medieval physiology.
b. Having the temperament and ruddy complexion formerly thought to be characteristic of a person do
minated by this humor; passionate.
3.
a. Of the color of blood; red.
b. Of a healthy reddish color; ruddy: a sanguine complexion.

adjective
1.

1.
optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation.
"he is sanguine about prospects for the global economy"
synony optimistic, bullish, hopeful, buoyant, positive, disposed to look on the
ms:
bright side, confident, cheerful, cheery, bright, assured;

34. Antediluvian: very old-fashioned; His antediluvian ideas are preposterous!

adj.
1. of or belonging to the period before the Flood. Gen. 7, 8.
2. out of date; antiquated: antediluvian ideas.
n.
3. an old-fashioned person or thing.

35. Cynosure (n): object or someone who serves as a focal point of attention
and admiration, something that serves to guide; His wife, Catherine, remained
the cynosure of all eyes throughout the evening gala.
1. a person or thing that attracts notice, esp because of its brilliance or beauty
2. something that serves as a guide

36. Alacrity: eagerness or enthusiasm; Richard accepted her offer of marriage

with alacrity.
noun
1.

brisk and cheerful readiness.

"she accepted the invitation with alacrity"
synonyms:

eagerness, willingness, readiness;

37. Epistemic: cognitive, relating to learning, or involving knowledge; The

monks epistemic dissertation was an engaging study of New Testament
beliefs.
38. Egregious: exceptional, outstanding; The NBA referees decision was the
most egregious error of judgment.
adjective
1.
outstandingly bad; shocking.
"egregious abuses of copyright"
2.
2.
archaic
remarkably good.
1.

39. Incendiary: designed to set something on fire, tending to create public

disturbances or violence; Amandas incendiary remarks alienated her from the
whole campus.
adjective
1.

1.
(of a device or attack) designed to cause fires.
"incendiary bombs"
synonyms: combustible, flammable, inflammable, fire-producing, fire-raising

"an incendiary bomb"

2.

2.
tending to stir up conflict.
"incendiary rhetoric"
synony inflammatory, rabble-rousing, provocative, seditious, subversiv
ms:
e,revolutionary, insurrectionary, insurrectionist; More

noun
1.

1.
an incendiary bomb or device.
"the Holy City was blasted by incendiaries"
synonyms:

explosive, bomb, incendiary device

"an aircraft loaded with incendiaries"

2.

2.
a person who starts fires.
"he was an English incendiary, responsible for the burning of three French battleships"
synonyms:

arsonist, fire-bomber, firesetter;

40. Chimera: an imaginary creture composed of the parts of several different

animals, wild or impossible idea; Harry gazed awestruck at the monstrous
chimera, a gigantic beast with the head of a lion and the body of a winged
horse.
noun
1.

1.
(in Greek mythology) a fire-breathing female monster with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a
serpent's tail.

2.

2.
a thing which is hoped for but is illusory or impossible to achieve.
"the economic sovereignty you claim to defend is a chimera"
synony illusion, fantasy, delusion, dream, fancy, figment of the imagination,willms:
o'-the-wisp, phantom, mirage;
ignis fatuus
"the economic sovereignty she claims to defend is a chimera"

41. Laconic: using few words; Jerrys laconic sense of humor endeared him to
the crowd.
adjective
1.

(of a person, speech, or style of writing) using very few words.

"his laconic reply suggested a lack of interest in the topic"
synony brief, concise, terse, succinct, short, economical, elliptical, crisp, pithy,to
ms:
the point, incisive, short and sweet, compendious;

42. Polemicist: person skilled in art of writing or speech, arguing cases

forcefully; Mr. Trimble stands little chance in the public debate against the
Republican polemicist candidate, Mr. Burns.
43. Comity: mutual civility; amity, an atmosphere of social harmony, the
policy whereby one religious sect refrains from proselytizing the members of
another sect; The Shias and Sunnis lived in perfect comity in their remote
mountain hamlet.
noun
formal
1.

1.
an association of nations for their mutual benefit.

2.

2.
courtesy and considerate behaviour towards others.
"a show of public comity in the White House

44. Provenance: the place that something originally came from; He deals in
antique furniture of doubtful provenance.
noun
1.

the place of origin or earliest known history of something.

"an orange rug of Iranian provenance"
synonyms:

origin, source, place of origin; More

a record of ownership of a work of art or an antique, used as a guide to

authenticity or quality.
plural noun: provenances
"the manuscript has a distinguished provenance"

45. Sclerotic: condition in which soft tissue in the body becomes abnormally
hard; Doctors were at a loss in explaining the childs unusual sclerotic
condition.
adjective
1.

1.
MEDICINE

of or having sclerosis.
2.

2.
becoming rigid and unresponsive; losing the ability to adapt.
"sclerotic management"

3.
noun
1.

1.
another term for sclera.

46. Prescient: knowing or appearing to know about things before they happen;
His prescient instincts saved him a small fortune when he sold his shares
before the stock market crash.
adj.
1. Of or relating to prescience.
2. Possessing prescience.

47. Hegemony: control and leadership, by one country over others; The United
States military hegemony in the region was a source of great distress to Iqbal.
noun
1.

leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.

"Germany was united under Prussian hegemony after 1871"
syno
leadership, dominance, dominion, supremacy, ascendancy,predominance,
nym
primacy, authority, mastery, control, power, sway, rule,sovereignty
s:

48. Verisimilitude: the appearance of being true or real; To add verisimilitude

to the play, the stage is covered with snow for the winter scene.

noun
1.

the appearance of being true or real.

"the detail gives the novel some verisimilitude"

49. Feckless: not able to manage things properly or look after oneself, not
responsible enough; The McCarthys are feckless parents with more children
than they could support.

adjective
1.

lacking initiative or strength of character; irresponsible.

"her feckless younger brother"
synony
ms:

useless, worthless, incompetent, inefficient, inept, good-for-nothing, ne'

er-do-well

50. Demarche: step or manoeuvre in political or diplomatic affairs; Thierrys

political demarche with the liberals saved the government a great deal of face
in the senate hearings.
noun
1.

a political step or initiative.

"foreign policy dmarches"