1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

GLOSARIO DE TERMINOS TECNICOS REFERIDOS A GENERACION ELCTRICA

INGLES
CASTELLANO
auxiliary systems
servicios auxiliares
burner
quemador
channel
canal de conduccin
combined cycle plant
central de ciclo combinado
control room
sala de control
cooling tower
torre de enfriamiento
diesel power plant
central con motor diesel
fan
ventilador
fuel
combustible
fuel heating value
poder carorfico del combustible
fuel storage tank
tanque de almacenamiento de combustible
gas turbine
turbina de gas
generating bus
barra de generacin
generating set
grupo de generacin
generator
Generador
Head
Salto cada
heat recuperating steam
generator
caldero recuperador
Hydroelectric power station Central hidroelctrica
load diagram
diagrama de carga
penstock
tubera forzada
petroleo
oil fuel
Power factor
factor de potencia
Power station
Central elctrica
presa
dam
pressure gauge
manometro
Rated flow
caudal nominal
rated voltage
tensin nominal
sand trap
desarenador
speed droop
estatismo del regulador de carga
speed governor
regulador de velocidad
steam boiler
caldero de vapor
steam cycle plant
planta de vapor
thermal power station
central trmica
turbogenerator
generador impulsado por turbine de gas o vapor
voltage regulator
regulador de tensin
water turbine
turbina hidraulica
333762646.xlsx

Cap 1 generacion

37
38
39
40

water gate
water intake
water treatment plant
powerhouse

compuerta
bocatoma
planta de tratamiento de agua
casa de maquinas

333762646.xlsx

Cap 1 generacion

UN SA ESCUELA DE ING. ELECTRICA 2016-2

EJEMPLO
Auxiliary systems in the plant are electric.
gas turbines have Natural Gas burners.
Water for the hydro station is transported in a channel.
A combined cycle plant has steam and gas turbines
Every power station has a control room.
Cooling towers area part of steam plants
Diesel power plants are used in mining operations.
A transformer has fans to cool oil.
Chilina power station has diesel fuel tanks
Diesel fuel has very low heating value.
Egasa is dismantleing its fuel storage tanks.
The Pto Bravo power station has four gas turbines.
The generating bus at Charcani 5 station operates at 138 kv
All hospitals must have an emergency generating set
Generators in hydro plants are moved by water turbines.
High head power stations use impulse turbines.
Combined cycle power plants have heat recuperating steam generators.
Most of the power in Peru is generated in hydroelectric power stations.
A load diagram is the graphic representation of the power consumed by any load.
Water reaches hydro turbines through steel penstocks.
Some gas turbines burn diesel oil as fuel.
Power factor is improved connecting capacitors at industrial loads.
Peru has many power stations
Some hydro stations need dams to store water from rain.
Water pressure at the intake of a turbine is measured with pressure gauges.
The rated power of a water turbine is determined by the rated flow of water.
Rated power of a transformer is determined by rated voltage and current.
Sand traps are used at the end of a water channel to remove sand from water.
speed droop is the slope of the straight line that describes the operation of a load regulator.

Frecuency of a generator is regulated by the speed governor.

A steam turtbine uses high pressure steam produced in a steam boiler.
steam cycle plants use coal as fuel .
Thermal power stations have a high operating cost.
Turbogenerators have steam or gas turbines as prime movers.
Synchronous generators have voltage regulators to keep voltage within operating standards.
Water turbines transform hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.
333762646.xlsx

Cap 1 generacion

Water gates are placed at the beginning of a channel to crontrol the flow.
Water for hydro station is taken from a river by a water intake
steam power plants requiere water treatment plants.
The power house is made of reinforced concrete.

333762646.xlsx

Cap 1 generacion

GLOSARIO DE TERMINOS TECNICOS REFERIDOS A TRANSMISION Y DISTRIBUCION ELECTRICA

N
INGLES
CASTELLANO
1
potencial transformer
transformador de tensin
2
cable splice
empalne de un cable
3
cable termination
terminacin de cable
4
circuit breaker
interruptor
5
current transformer
transformador de corriente
6
distributed generation
generacin distribuda
7
dry type transformers
trafos tipo seco
8
earth resistivity
resistividad del terreno
9
electric shock
descarga elctrica
10
energy losses
prdidas de energa
11
feeder
alimentador
12
fuse
fusible
13
gantry
prtico
14
grounding resistance
resistencia de puesta a tierra
15
grounging electrode
electrodo de puesta a tierra
16
insulators
aislador
17
lightning
rayo (descarga atmosfrica)
18
oil filled transformers
trafos en bao de aceite
19
overcurrent
sobrecorriente
20
overhead conductor
conductor areo
21
overhead line
linea area
22
overvoltage
sobretensin
23
pole
poste
24
power flow
flujo de potencia
25
power grid
red elctrica
26
power transformer
transformador de potencia
27
protection relays
reles de proteccin
28
public lighting
alumbrado pblico
29
recloser
reconectador
30
relay
rel
31
shield wire
cable de guarda
32
span
vano
33
steel lattice tower
torre de estructura de acero
34
Substation
Subestacion
35
surge arrester
pararrayo
333762646.xlsx

Cap 2 Trans y Distrib

36
37
38
39
40

switch
under load tap changer
underghround cable
voltage drop
windings

seccionador
cambiador de tomas bajo carga
cable subterraneo
cada de ten sin
bobinados

333762646.xlsx

Cap 2 Trans y Distrib

RIDOS A TRANSMISION Y DISTRIBUCION ELECTRICA

EJEMPLO
Potential transformers feed energy meters.
There was a failure in the splice of a distribution cable.
Cable terminations are fitted at the beginning and at the end of a power cable

Circuit breakers are used to energize distribution feeders

Current transformers have 5 amperes secondary windings.
Distributed generation is located in primary distribution circuits.
Dry type transformers are used in hospital substations.
Earth resistivity is very high on rocky terrains.
Electric shock can cause severe injuries or death of a person .
Distribution systems have to keep energy losses low.
Feeder circuits start at Medium voltage substations.
Fuses are protection devices located at the beginning of all circuits.
Gantries in some substations are made of steel lattice.
Grounding resistance has to be kept very low
grounging electrodes are made of copper .
All overhead lines are supported on insulators.
Lightning can cause overvoltages on overhead lines al high altitude.

Most power transformers are of the oil filled type.

Overcurrent relays are protection devices .
Most overhead conductors are made with aluminun wires.
Overhead linesare supported on concrete poles.
Overvoltage in distribution feeders can damage electric motors.
Wooden poles are used to support 138 kv overhead lines.
Power flow varies during a day depending on the loads .
Hydro electric power stations are connected to the power grid.
Power transformers are used in power grids everywhere.
Protection relays are used to protect lines against short circuits.
Public lighting has to comply with technical standards.
Reclosers are used in rural electric systems .
Relays are connected to a power systems using voltage and current transformers.

Shield wires are installed on the top of transmission towers.

Span is the horizontal distance between two consecutive poles.
High voltage lines are supported on steel lattice towers.
Distribution substations are equipped with medium to low voltage transformers
Overvoltage due to lightning is conducted to ground by arresters
333762646.xlsx

Cap 2 Trans y Distrib

switches are always installed at beginning and at the end of a power line.
power transformers have under load tal changers to keep voltage constant at the load side.

In large urban areas distribution feeders are mostly underground cable.

Long distance lines have high values of voltage drop.
Short circuits faults can damage transformer windings.

333762646.xlsx

Cap 2 Trans y Distrib