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Age (y)
Age Median (y)
BSA (Unit)
BMI (Unit)
D
ND
ED
R
Family 1
Family 2
28.37 2.98
26.54 4.31
Family 2
Nocturnal
SBP (%)
Dipping Status
DBP (%)
HR (%)
0.82
0.78
0.91
ND
0.43
0.50
0.71
ED
1.00
0.71
0.71
0.00
0.50
0.50
1.00
0.60
0.80
ED
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.50
0.50
1.40 0.05
1.48 0.13
21.25 0.67
23.73 1.45
Nocturnal Dipping Status
23
12
7
2
5
4
2
0
545
Fig. 224 h circadian variation of SBP, DBP and HR in males and females of family 1 and 2. The shaded area indicates period of sleep.
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Discussion
Hypertension is growing faster among urban
dwellers due to stressful, sedentary and fast lifestyle.
On the other hand the rural dwellers are no longer
untouched from this health problem. However, rate of
increase in hypertensive cases is comparatively
slower in rural population. Among rural population
the causes of hypertension differ and are attributed to
poor socio-economic conditions, under nutrition and
illiteracy. Indian families, especially in rural areas are
traditional. With reference to their food habits, rituals,
festivals and other important daily activities, they
follow their traditions, without knowing the exact
reason for such practices. For example, in rural
Chhattisgarh area most of the villagers are farmers.
They wake up early and go to bed early. Nevertheless,
they are relatively less stressed. In addition, junk food
habits are less common among the youngsters. It was
that the lifestyle and environmental factors as well as
the previously studied causal factors of hypertension
for rural dwellers (mentioned above) are much less in
farmer families of rural Chhattisgarh. Therefore, these
types of population were selected for studying BP
variability and heritability of nocturnal dipping trait.
Fava et al.20 found partial recessive inheritance in
nocturnal dipping. In the present study, the visual
assessment of pedigree charts revealed no pattern of
inheritance (Autosomal or Sex-linked inheritance) in
the studied families. Therefore, the inheritance of
nocturnal dipping of SBP could not be confirmed in
either of the studied families. Arbitrary cut-off values,
small sample size and age dependency of nocturnal
dipping could possibly interfere with the human
pedigree analysis of nocturnal dipping pattern.
Thus, it is difficult to assess the inheritance of
nocturnal dipping pattern from overt rhythms in
ambulatory conditions.
Secondly, along with the genetic factors, nongenetic factors are reported to produce blood pressure
variations21. Previous reports on Victorian family
Fig. 624 h average of SBP (mm Hg), amplitude of HR and peak of SBP as function of monsoon. [Factor Monsoon df1, 44 (identical to
all variables): F = 6.62, P<0.05; F = 4.73, P<0.05; F = 5.82, P<0.05. Means bearing an asterisk significantly differ from the corresponding
mean of the other group].
547
548
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