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Food!Science!10! !
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Unit!1:!The!Food!Science!Lab!
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Lab!#3:!Relationship!between!Mass!and!Volume!
October!2015!

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Name:!_______Pnotporn!Jantarakolica________!
Nickname:__Milly!1003_________________________!

Introduction:+There!is!a!relationship!between!the!mass!and!the!volume!of!an!object!of!a!specific!material.!The!mass!can!be!
determined!using!an!electric!balance!to!record!its!weight!in!grams.!The!volume!of!an!object!can!be!determined!by!
calculating!the!amount!of!water!displaced!in!a!graduated!cylinder!when!the!object!is!placed!into!water.!By!determining!the!
mass!and!volume!of!an!object!of!a!specific!material,!you!can!find!its!density.!In!this!lab!experiment!you!will!be!discovering!
how!to!determine!the!density!of!an!object!using!graphs!and!mathematical!equations,!instead!of!simply!searching!for!the!
formula!for!density!on!the!internet.!+
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Purpose:!To!see!how!mass!and!volume!are!related!to!determine!density!by!experimental!data.!To!demonstrate!how!graphs!
can!connect!ideas!from!Science!and!Math.!!
Materials:!
Electronic!Balance!
50TmL!Graduated!Cylinder!
4!Sample!of!the!Same!Material!(3!Materials)!
Water!
Ruler!
Procedure:!
1.!Obtain!three!different!types!of!material!for!your!group.!Each!material!has!4!sample!sizes.!
2.!Find!the!mass!of!each!of!the!sample!sizes.!Record!in!your!data!table.!
3.!Find!the!volume!of!each!of!the!sample!sizes!by!determining!the!amount!of!water!displaced!by!the!object.!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!a.!Set!up!a!graduated!cylinder!and!put!25!mL!of!water!into!it.!Read!the!volume!and!write!it!down.!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!b.!Tip!the!graduated!cylinder!and!gently!slide!one!of!the!objects!into!it.!DO!NOT!allow!water!to!splash!out.!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!c.!If!the!object!floats,!gently!push!it!down!with!a!pencil,!until!it!is!submerged!under!the!water.!Do!not!push!too!hard.!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!d.!Record!the!new!volume!of!the!water.!Subtract!the!volume!of!the!water!from!the!combined!volume!of!the!water!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!and!object!together.!The!result!is!the!volume!of!the!object.!Record!in!your!data!table.!
Data+Table:!!!
! !!!!Title:!______Finding!different!mass!and!volume!of!different!materials______________________________________!
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Type!of!Material!

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Smallest!Sample!

!!!!Small!Sample!

Medium!Sample!

!!!Large!Sample!

Mass!!!!!!!!!Volume!

Mass!!!!!!!!!!Volume!

Mass!!!!!!!!!!Volume!

Mass!!!!!!!!!Volume!

Poly!Propylene!(Red/!! 4.31g!!!!!!!!!!!!5.0mL!!!
Opaque)!
Poly!Vinyl!Chloride!
6.61g!!!!!!!!!!!5.0mL!
(PVC)!Grey!

7.08g!!!!!!!!!!7.0mL!

9.66g!!!!!!!!!!9.0mL!

12.41g!!!!!!!!!12.0mL!

10.85g!!!!!!!8.0mL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!15.12g!!!!!!!!11.0mL!

19.80g!!!!!!!!!15.0mL!

Acrylic!(Red/!
Translucent)!
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8.95g!!!!!!!!!7.9mL!

15.96g!!!!!!!!!13.0mL!

5.47g!!!!!!!!!!!!4.5mL!!!

12.41g!!!!!!!!!10.5mL!

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! 20! !

! 15! !

Mass!(g)!

Graph+#1+Title:!_____________!Poly!Propylene!(Red/Opaque)!__________________________!

! 5!

! A! !

10!

B!

!!!!!!0!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!15!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Volume!(mL)!
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Graph+#2+Title:!____________Poly!Vinyl!Chloride!(PVC)!Grey_______________!
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20!

! 15! !

! 10! !

! A!

! 5!

Mass!(g)!

B!

!!!!!!0!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!15!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Volume!(mL)!
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Graph+#3+Title:!__________!Acrylic!(Red/Translucent)!_________________!
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20!

! B!

! 15! !

! 10! !

! 5!

Mass!(g)!

A!

!!!!!!0!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!10!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!15!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!20!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Volume!(mL)!
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Discussion+(Analyzing+Results)+Questions:+
1.! Find!the!slope!of!the!graphed!line!from!the!data!for!the!first!material!___!Poly!Propylene!(Red/Opaque)!__.!Follow!
these!steps:!
a.! Mark!two!points!on!the!line,!and!label!them!A!and!B.!The!points!should!be!on!the!line!and!far!apart.!Try!to!
choose!points!that!will!make!it!easy!to!read!the!volume!and!mass!measurements.!
b.! Point!A!corresponds!to!a!volume!of!_______3________,!and!a!mass!of!_______3__________.!
Point!B!corresponds!to!a!volume!of!_______18________,!and!a!mass!of!_______19__________.!
c.! Use!your!answers!from!part!b!above!to!calculate!the!rise!and!run:!
Rise!=!_______19_____________!minus!__________3________!=!__________16________.!
Run!=!________18____________!minus!__________3______!=!__________15_______.!!
(Did%you%remember%to%include%the%units%of%measurement%in%your%work%above?)!
d.! Now!calculate!the!slope:!
Slope!=!rise!divided!by!run!=!_________1.07g/mL____________.!!
2.! Find!the!slope!of!the!graphed!line!from!the!data!for!the!second!material!__!Poly!Vinyl!Chloride!(PVC)!Grey!___.!Follow!
these!steps:!
a.! Mark!two!points!on!the!line,!and!label!them!A!and!B.!The!points!should!be!on!the!line!and!far!apart.!Try!to!
choose!points!that!will!make!it!easy!to!read!the!volume!and!mass!measurements.!
b.! Point!A!corresponds!to!a!volume!of!_______6________,!and!a!mass!of!______8___________.!
Point!B!corresponds!to!a!volume!of!_______12________,!and!a!mass!of!______16___________.!
c.! Use!your!answers!from!part!b!above!to!calculate!the!rise!and!run:!
Rise!=!__________16__________!minus!______8____________!=!_______8___________.!
Run!=!__________12__________!minus!________6__________!=!________6__________.!!
(Did%you%remember%to%include%the%units%of%measurement%in%your%work%above?)!
d.! Now!calculate!the!slope:!
Slope!=!rise!divided!by!run!=!_________1.33g/mL____________.!!
3.! Find!the!slope!of!the!graphed!line!from!the!data!for!the!third!material!__!Acrylic!(Red/Translucent)!__.!Follow!these!
steps:!
a.! Mark!two!points!on!the!line,!and!label!them!A!and!B.!The!points!should!be!on!the!line!and!far!apart.!Try!to!
choose!points!that!will!make!it!easy!to!read!the!volume!and!mass!measurements.!
b.! Point!A!corresponds!to!a!volume!of!______9_________,!and!a!mass!of!______11___________.!
Point!B!corresponds!to!a!volume!of!______14_________,!and!a!mass!of!______17___________.!
c.! Use!your!answers!from!part!b!above!to!calculate!the!rise!and!run:!
Rise!=!__________17__________!minus!_______11___________!=!________6__________.!
Run!=!______14______________!minus!_______9___________!=!_________5_________.!!
(Did%you%remember%to%include%the%units%of%measurement%in%your%work%above?)!
d.! Now!calculate!the!slope:!
Slope!=!rise!divided!by!run!=!_______1.2g/mL______________.!!
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Note:!All!parts!of!a!straight!line!have!the!same,!constant!slope.!When!a!mathematical!constant!is!discovered!as!the!
result!of!scientific!experiments,!it!is!often!given!a!name.!The!slope!you!have!just!calculated!is!called!the!density%of%that%
material.!!
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4.! In!your!answers!to!question!1,!the!rise!corresponds!to!____Mass__________!of!the!material,!while!the!run!corresponds!
to!the!_____Volume_______!of!the!material.!This!leads!to!the!formula!for!density,!which!is!
______Mass/Volume______________________.!!
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5.! Research!the!actual!density!for!each!of!your!materials.!Determine!your!accuracy.!!
Material!1:!Actual!densityT!0.90g/mL!My!experimentT!1.07g/mL!

I!think!that!my!material!1!was!quite!accurate!but!it!was!a!bit!off!from!the!actual!density.!!
Material!2:!Actual!DensityT!1.37mL!My!experimentT!1.33mL!
I!think!that!my!material!2!is!very!accurate!because!its!very!near!to!the!actual!density.!
Material!3:!Actual!DensityT!1.2g/mL!My!experimentT!1.17mL!!
I!think!that!my!material!3!is!very!accurate!too!because!its!so!close!to!the!actual!density.!
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Conclusion:!
From!this!experiment,!I!learned!how!to!find!the!mass,!volume,!and!density!of!an!object.!Moreover,!I!learned!that!even!
though!the!object!size!is!the!same,!it!doesnt!mean!that!their!mass,!volume,!or!density!is!the!same.!Furthermore,!I!have!
learned!to!be!accurate!as!possible!so!that!the!result!can!be!as!realistic.!!