*

!!

:
22 B C0 = 10,9 mol.L
) (S0
)NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) HO (aq) + NH4+ (aq). (1
: 25 C
Ke = 1,00.1014

K1 = 1,6.105 :
.1
1.1 / )(1
1.2 AH/A-
1.3 )(1
.2 pH
) (S0 pH 50mL ) (S1
) (S0 C1 =C0/10
pH) (S1 pH = 11,62
(12 V0 ) (S0 )(S1
(22 ) (S1
(32 )[HO -](S1)= 4,17.10 -3 mol.L-1 (S1
(42 ) (1 ) (S1 V1 =1L . Xm
(52 [HO -](S1)/C1 = 1 : .
(62 Qr,1 )[HO -](S1 C1 . .
(72 NH4+/NH3 Qr,1 Ke .
.3
: 25 C :
(HO) = 19,9.103 S.m2.mol1
(NH4+) = 7,34.103 S.m2.mol1
= i [ Xi ]. ) (S2 ) (S1
C2 = C1/100 = C0/1000 ) .(S2 ) (S2 = 0,114 mS.cm1.
(13 .

(23 ) (S2 ).[HO ](S2

(33 ) [HO -](S2 pH ). (S2
(43 2 .
(53 ) (
-1

:

. AH

. AH H2A+ / HA . HA / A
H2A+ AH A .

.1
(11
(12
.2.

pKA2 ( HA / A) = 7,0 :

pKA1(H2A+ / HA) = 4,3

pKe = 14,0

HA
HA
K .
HA .

 (21 .
(22 K KA1 KeK
.3
(13 pH H2A+, HA et A . pH
(23
.

)NH4+(aq

HO(aq) +

)H2O(l

NH3(aq) +

= n1

= xf

= xmax

:
.1
(11 NH4 /NH3 : H2O/ HO
(12
+

[ A(aq ) ]e .[ H 3O ( aq ) ]e
[ AH ( aq ) ]e

K K A ( AH / A )

(13

1,6.10 5

( aq ) e

] .[ NH 3 ( aq ) ]e
]

4 ( aq ) e

[ H 3O

[ NH

K A ( NH 4 / NH 3 ) K e 10 14

( aq ) e

] .[ HO ( aq ) ]e

[ H 3O

K A ( H 2O / HO )

(2 pH

(12
: S0
C0 = 10,9 mol.L1
V0
:

: S1
C1 = C0 /10
V1 = 50,0 mL
C0.V0 = C1.V1

n0 = n1
C0
= C0.V0
.V

10 1
V
50,0
V0 = 1

= V0
= 5,0 mL
10
10
(22 ) (S0 V0 = 5ml V0
V1 = 50ml
) (S1 .
+
pH
(23
[H3O (aq)] = 10

])Ke = [H3O+(aq)] . [HO(aq

])Ke = 10pH [HO(aq
K
[HO(aq)] = epH
10
1,00 1014
= ) [HO(aq)](S1 [HO(aq)](S1) = 4,2103 mol.L1
= 4,17103 mol.L1
1011,62
(24
)NH4+(aq

xmax = 1,09

xf = [HO (aq)](S1) V1
xf = 4,2103
xmax = 1,09

(25

1,09 xf

HO
C1

4,2 103
= 0,38 %
1,09

xf
xmax

= 1

x2f
n1 x f

= Qr,1

xmax = 1,09

= 1
.

xf xf
.
'V1' V1
= Qr,1
n1 x f
'V1

xf = 4,2103

)[HO(aq)](S1).[NH 4(aq)](S1
= Qr,1
)[NH 3(aq)](S1

V'1 1,0

1,09 xmax = 0

(26 :

n1 = C1V1
n1 = 1,09
1,09 x

xf = 4,2103

)HO(aq

NH3(aq) + H2O(l)

Qr,1 =

Qr ,S1

Qr , S1

(4,2 103)
= 1,6105 Qr,q
(1,09 4,2 10 3)

[ HO(aq ) ]( S1) .[ NH 4 ( aq ) ]( S1)

[ NH 3( aq ) ]( S1)

[ HO(aq ) ]( S1) .[ NH 4 ( aq ) ]( S1) . H 3O aq

[ NH 3( aq ) ]( S1) . H 3O

( aq )

(27

Ke

K A ( NH 4 / NH 3 )

14

Ke
K
10

K A ( NH 4 / NH 3 ) e
6,25.10 10 pK A 9,2

5
Qr , S1 1,6.10
K A ( NH 4 / NH 3 )
...3

= 0,114 mS.cm1 = 0,114103 S.cm1 = 0,114103100 S.m1

= 1,14102 S.m1

(13
(23

= (HO).[HO](S2) + (NH4+).[NH4+](S2)

[HO](S2) = [NH4+](S2).

= ( (HO)+ (NH4+) ).[HO](S2)

[HO](S2) =

0(HO) 0(NH 4)

( 33

[HO](S2) =

11,4 103
7,34) 10 3

(19,9
[HO ](S2) = 0,419103 mol.L1

11,4
= 0,419 mol.m3
27,24
[HO](S2) = 4,2104 mol.L1

pH log H 3 O 14 log HO
pH =14+log4,2.10-4 =14-3,37=10,62

(43
C2 = C0/1000 = 1,09102 mol.L1 S2 V2= 1,0 L
(mol)

xf = 4,2104

NH3(aq)

HO(aq)

+ H2O(l) =

n1 = C2V2
n1 = 1,09102
1,09102 x
1,09102 xf

NH4+(aq)

xf = [HO (aq)](S2) V2
xf = 4,2104

xf = 4,2104

1,09102 xmax
xmax = 1,09102
xmax = 1,09102
=0
x
4,2 104
2 = f
2 =
= 3,8 %
xmax
1,09 10 2
: pH

xmax = 1,09102

2 > 1

:
HA(aq) + H2O(l) A

( 11

(aq)

+ H3 O

: ( 12

 A(aq ) . H 3O(aq )

q
q
=K
HA( aq )

q
-pK
-7
KA KA = 10 a2 =10 :

(21 :
(22

). HA(aq) + H2O(l) = H2A+(aq) + HO(aq

H 2 A(aq ) . HO(aq )

q
q
HA( aq )

='K

H 2 A(aq ) . HO(aq )
H 3O

q
q
q
=K

H 3O
HA( aq )
q

H 2 A(aq )

q
='K
Ke
HA( aq ) H 3O

q
q
KA1

HA( aq ) . H 3O(aq )

q
q
H 2 A(aq )

= Ka1

:
Ke
Ka1

='K

.3

(13 :
pH

pKa2

HA

pKa1

H2A+

4,3
7
(23 HA NH3
HA A- A-
elghzizal@live.fr :