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Solution
Problem 2.2
Solution
Calculate the packing density of the body centered cubic, the face
centered cubic and the diamond lattice, listed in example 2.1 p 28.
The packing density is calculated as in example 2.1 p 28 and
obtained from:
4 3
r
Volume of atoms
3
=
Volume of the unit cell
a3
The correct radius and number of atoms per unit cell should be
used.
A body centered cubic lattice contains an additional atom in the
middle and therefore contains two atoms per unit cell. The atoms
touch along the body diagonal, which equals 3 a . The radius is
one quarter of the body diagonal.
A face centered cubic lattice contains six additional atoms in the
center of all six faces of the cube. Since only half of the atoms is
within the cube the total number of atoms per unit cell equals four.
The atoms touch along the diagonal of the faces of the cube, which
equals 2 a . The radius is one quarter of the diagonal.
The diamond lattice contains two face centered cubic lattice so
that the total number of atoms per unit cell equals twice that of the
face centered lattice, namely eight. The atoms touch along the
body diagonal, where two atoms are one quarter of the body
diagonal apart or 3 a / 4 . The radius equals half the distance
between the two atoms.
The radius, number of atoms per unit cell and the packing density
are summarized in the table below.
Radius
Atoms/
Packing density
unit cell
Simple cubic
1
a
= 52 %
2
6
Body centered cubic
2
3a
3
= 68 %
4
8
Face centered cubic
4
2a
2
= 74 %
4
6
Diamond
8
3a
3
= 34 %
8
16
E g (T ) = E g (0 K )
T2
T +
0.473 10 3 T 2
= 1.0 eV
T + 636
This quadratic equation can be solved yielding:
E g (0 K ) E g (T )
T=
2
E g (0 K ) E g (T ) 2 ( E g (0 K ) E g (T ))
+ (
) +
= 679 K
2
which is consistent with Figure 2.3.5
= 1.166
Problem 2.6
Solution
Problem 2.7
Solution