How to install a new hard drive in your

desktop PC

10Comments

Marco Chiappetta | @MarcoChiappetta

PCWorld

Aug 12, 2014 6:00 AM

Installing an internal hard drive is one of the more straightforward upgrades out thereand is
often a better option than using external drives that are slower and may be dropped or
misplaced.
The process usually requires no more than mounting it, connecting a couple of cables, and
formatting the drive for use. Still, there are a few things you should know to make installation
as smooth as possible.

Drive cages, bays and mounting options

Internal 3.5-inch hard disk drives are typically mounted in a drive cage or in an available
drive bay. Placement and orientation of the cages or bays will vary from case to case. The
most common location is at the lower front, near the intake fans and away from other
components. Drive cages/bays will most often be mounted perpendicular to the bottom of the
chassis, while drives mounted in the cages usually sit parallel to the bottom of the case.

Marco Chiappetta

Screws are the best way to secure your hard drive into your cases drive cage. Magnet-tipped
screw drivers can help keep you from dropping screws in difficult-to-reach places.
In mainstream cases, drive connectors will typically point to the rear. In enthusiast-class
cases, its becoming more common to see the drives connectors facing the right side, making
it easier to route and hide cables behind the motherboard tray. Some enthusiast-class also
cases give users the ability to remove drive cages or to mount them in different positions to
optimize air flow and simplify cable management.

Mounting your hard drive

Physically mounting the hard drive in a PC is probably the most difficult part of the
installation process.
Securing the drive to a cage usually requires four screws on the sides or bottom of the drive.
Many casesespecially enthusiast casesuse tool-less trays that hold the drives with simple
pins and clips.

Some cases come with tool-less brackets that make mounting hard drives really easy.
However, these brackets are often less secure than traditional screws.
Using screws is the more robust mounting method, but tool-less trays are fine for systems that
wont be moved around much.

This hard drive is flipped upside-down to show its parts. Seven of the 10 screw holes are
circled in red, while SATA power and data connections are circled in blue and green,
respectively.
Drives last longer when they stay nice and cool. When mounting drives in a system, try to
leave as much space between them as possible to maximize airflow over the tops and
bottoms. Positioning the drives directly in front of an intake fan also helps.

Connect the hard drives with SATA

Once the drive is mounted, connecting it to your system is quick and easy.
Virtually all new desktop hard drives sold today use the SATA interface (unless youre dealing
with servers). SATA uses simple cables that are keyed to fit on the drive and motherboard
connector one way.
Connect one end of the SATA cable to the drive, and the other end to an available SATA port
on your motherboard, and youre halfway there.

Marco Chiappetta

Some SATA data cables come with L-shaped ends, which can help keep cables tidy.
You may find the SATA cables included with your new drive or motherboard feature different
connectors: straight ends or right-angle (L-shaped). Some may have metal retention clips,
while others do not. The shape of the connector makes no difference in performance.
I like to use SATA cables with right-angle connectors on the drive side, provided there is
adequate clearance between any drives in the system. Using right-angle connectors on the
motherboard side will will result in blocked ports, because the connector may overlap
adjacent ports.
Try to find SATA cables with metal retention clips, because they help keep the connectors
secured. Newer SATA 3 (6-gigabit)-compliant cables will usually come with the clips, but
older SATA 2 (3-gigabit) cables do not.

Marco Chiappetta

The SATA power cable connection looks similar to the data cable, but is longer. The
connector is keyed to fit only one way.
When youre done connecting the SATA cable, youll have to connect the drive to your power
supply unit (PSU). The SATA power cable from your PSU, like the SATA data cable, is keyed
to fit onto the drive one-way. As long as you dont force it, theres really no way to mess it up.

Prepare the hard drive for use

Once youve mounted and connected the drive, power up your system and enter the
BIOS/UEFI. You can usually access the BIOS/UEFI by pressing the DEL or F2 keys right
after powering up the system. Usually, your system will display a message along the lines of
Press DEL to enter Setup. Consult your motherboards manual for the correct key.
In the BIOS, go to the standard System Settings menu or the Integrated Peripherals > SATA
menu to see all of the drives installed in the system. If all of your drive controllers are enabled
and the drive is properly connected (and functional), it should be listed in the BIOS.
If the drive isnt listed, shut down your PC. Double-check all of the connections, boot into the
BIOS and check again. If the drive still isnt showing up and all the connections are secure,
try plugging the SATA data cable into a different port on the motherboard.

The UEFI BIOS will show all hard drives that are connected correctly and detected by the
system. BIOS and UEFI interfaces can differ based on the motherboard make and model, so
check your motherboard manual or manufacturer website for details.
To confirm that Windows recognizes the drive, open up Device Manager. In Windows 8,
right-click the Windows button on your desktop and select Device Manager. Check for the
drive in the Disk Drives section.
When you boot into Windows after installing the drive, you may see the New Hardware
Found wizard pop up if the drive is detected.
The last thing you need to do is partition and format the drive.
And with that, the drive should be available for use. If you split the drive up into multiple
partitions, you should see several drives appear in File Explorer, each with its own drive letter
and label.

How to Install a Hard Drive

Two Methods:Desktop Hard DriveLaptop Hard DriveCommunity Q&A

The hard drive is the primary storage location for all of your computers data. If you run out
of that storage, installing a new drive may be the most practical solution. If your computer is
dead, you may need to replace your old failed hard drive. In either case, you can do it yourself
instead of taking your computer into a repair shop.
Method 1
Desktop Hard Drive
1.

1
Power down the computer. Shut off the power supply in the back. Even if you can
access the inside where it stands, you need to unplug the computer. Otherwise,
unplug the computer and place it somewhere that allows you to get inside.

2.

2
Remove the case panels. You may need a Phillips head screwdriver, but most
newer computers have thumbscrews. You will need to remove both sides so that you
can screw the hard drive in on both sides.
3. 3
Ensure that you do not have any static electricity. Touch a metal object (other
than your computer), such as a doorknob, to discharge any existing static electricity
that you may have.

4.

4
Make sure you are grounded. If your computer is still plugged in (but the power
supply is switched off), you can ground yourself by touching any metal part of the
case. Otherwise, make sure that you are grounded before starting to work on the
inside of the computer. This will prevent electrostatic shock from damaging the
components of your computer.

5.

5
Remove the old drive (if applicable). If you are removing an old hard drive, make
sure all of the cables are disconnected from both the motherboard and the power
supply. Unscrew all the screws on both sides of the hard drive, and then slide it out of
the housing.
o

You may need to remove more cables or cards in order to access the hard
drives in a tight case.

6.

6
Insert your new drive. Remove it from the antistatic packaging and slide it into an
open space in the hard drive housing. The drive should slide directly in, and the holes
on the side of the drive should line up to the screw guides on the housing.
o

If you can, use a slot that has some space around it. This will improve airflow
and lead to a cooler system, but is not a critical concern.

7.

7
Secure the hard drive. Once the hard drive has been inserted, use the screws that
came with it to secure the hard drive in the housing. Ideally you should use two
screws on each side of the hard drive. If the hard drive is loose, it can rattle and
cause more noise and lead to physical damage.
o

Tighten the screws to a firm tightness, but dont overtighten as that may cause
damage as well.

8.

8
Connect a SATA hard drive to the motherboard. Newer hard drives will use SATA
cables, which are thin and resemble USB cables. Use a SATA cable to connect the
hard drive to the motherboard. SATA cables can be connected in either direction.
o

If you are connecting your primary hard drive, the SATA cable should be
plugged into the first SATA channel. This may be labeled SATA0 or SATA1.
Refer to your motherboard documentation for detailed information for your
motherboard.

Secondary drives should be connected to the next available SATA channel.

9.

9
Connect a PATA (IDE) hard drive to the motherboard. IDE drives are older model
hard drives that can be identified by the long rows of pins on the back. IDE Drives are
connected via an IDE cable, which is wide and flat. The cable is usually gray in color.
o

The blue end of the cable plugs into the motherboard. The black connector
plugs into your primary (Master) drive, while the black connector plugs into the
secondary (Slave) drive if applicable.

Set the jumper for your primary drive to Master. The jumper diagram should
be printed onto the hard drive. If you are installing a secondary drive but it is
the only drive connected to the cable, it should be set to Master as well.

10.

10
Connect the power supply to the hard drive. Most newer power supplies have
SATA power connectors, though older power supplies typically only have Molex (4
pin) connectors. If this is the case, and you are installing a SATA drive, you will need
a Molex-to-SATA adapter. IDE drives will use the Molex connector.
o

Make sure that all of your connections are secure. Ensure that none of the
cables can come undone by wiggling them a little bit.

11.

11
Close up your computer. Replace the case sides and reconnect your cables if you
had to move the case to work on the inside. Turn the power supply back on and then
turn your computer on.[1]

12.

12
Finish the installation. Once youve got everything connected and the computer
turned back on, youll need to finish the installation of the hard drive from your
computer. If you are replacing your primary drive, youll have to reinstall your
operating system. If you are adding a new drive, you'll need to format the drive before
you can use it.
o

To reinstall Windows, follow the guide that matches your operating system:

Windows XP

Windows Vista

Windows 7

Windows 8

How To Install and Troubleshoot Serial ATA (SATA) Hard

Drives
Serial ATA interface disk drives are designed for easy installation. With a Serial ATA
interface, each disk drive has its own cable that connects directly to a Serial ATA host adapter
or a Serial ATA port on your motherboard. Unlike Parallel ATA, there is no master-slave
relationship between drives that use a Serial ATA interface. Because of this, there is no
jumper to set to make a Serial ATA drive a master or slave on its cable, as it will be the only
drive connected to that data cable.
You can use a Serial ATA drive in the same system with Parallel ATA drives as long as both
interfaces are supported on the motherboard or with a host adapter. This makes it easy to add
Serial ATA compatibility to your existing system without removing existing Parallel ATA disk
drives.

What You Need

A Phillips screwdriver and four 6-32 UNC drive mounting screws.

A Serial ATA interface cable (sold separately, unless drive purchased as part of retail
kit). Maximum length is 39 inches (1 meter).

A Serial ATA-compatible power cable or adapter (sold separately, unless drive

purchased as part of retail kit).

A version of Windows with NTFS file system.

A system with a motherboard that has a Serial ATA connector on it, or a Serial ATA
host adapter and available PCI slot in which to install the adapter.

Refer to your computer system documentation to see if your system supports Serial ATA on
the motherboard and to locate the Serial ATA connector. If your system does not have a Serial
ATA connector on the motherboard, you must purchase a Serial ATA host adapter that is
compatible with your computer and operating system and install it with the appropriate device
driver according to the host adapter manufacturer's installation instructions.

Handling Precautions

Disc drives are fragile. Do not drop or jar the drive. Handle the drive only by the edges
or frame. Keep the drive in the protective anti-static container until you are ready to
install it to minimize handling damage.

Drive electronics are extremely sensitive to static electricity. While installing the
drive, wear a wrist strap and cable connected to ground.

Turn off the power to the host system during installation.

Do not disassemble the drive. Doing so voids the warranty.

Do not apply pressure or attach labels to the circuit board or to the top of the drive.

Attaching Cables and Mounting the Drive

1. Attach one end of the drive interface cable to the Serial ATA interface connector on
your computer's motherboard or Serial ATA host adapter (see your computer manual
for connector locations). Host adapter configuration is shown below.
Serial ATA connectors are keyed to ensure correct orientation.

2. Attach the interface and power cables to the drive.

3. Secure the drive using four 6-32 UNC mounting screws in either the side-mounting or
bottom-mounting holes. Insert the screws no more than 0.20 inches (5.08 mm) into the
bottom-mounting holes and no more than 0.14 inches (3.55 mm) into the sidemounting holes.
Do not overtighten the screws or use metric screws. This may damage the
drive.

Configuring the BIOS

Close your computer case and start your computer. Your computer may automatically detect
your new drive. If your computer does not automatically detect your new drive, follow the
steps below.
1. Restart your computer. While the computer restarts, run the system setup program
(sometimes called BIOS or CMOS setup). This is usually done by pressing a special
key, such as DELETE, ESC, or F1 during the startup process.
2. Within the system setup program, instruct the system to auto detect your new drive.
3. Save the settings and exit the setup program. When your computer restarts, it should
recognize your new drive. If your system still doesn't recognize your new drive, see
the troubleshooting section.
Serial ATA is a new interface type. Some older systems may see the drive and
classify it as a SCSI device if you are using a Serial ATA host adapter. This is normal
even though this is not a SCSI disk drive. This does not affect drive performance or
capacity.

How to install an SSD in your desktop

After helping thousands of people all over the world install SSDs people of all ages,
backgrounds, and computer skill levels we're convinced that you have what it takes to
install an SSD. With little more than a screwdriver and your system's owner's manual, you can
install an SSD. Here's how it's done.
Equipment needed

2.5-inch Crucial SSD

Non-magnetic tip screwdriver

Your system's owner's manual

Special considerations

If replacing your existing drive, we recommend the use of data migration (cloning) software
to move all of your files from your existing drive onto your new hard drive. Data migration
software is available at Crucial.com.
Precautions

Static electricity can damage the components in your system. To protect your
system's components from static damage during the installation process, touch any of
the unpainted metal surfaces on your computer's frame or wear an ESD wrist strap
before touching or handling internal components. Either method will safely discharge
static electricity that's naturally present in your body.

To protect your new SSD, do not touch the connectors on the drive.

Do not open the SSD. Doing so will void your warranty.

Desktop installation instructions

1. Make sure you're working in a static-safe environment. Remove any plastic bags or
papers from your work space.
2. Shut down your system. Once your system has been powered off, unplug the power
cable.
3. Hold down the power button for 3-5 seconds to discharge residual electricity.
4. Remove the case cover from your desktop. Refer to your system's manual for how to
do this.
5. To protect your drive and components from static damage during the installation
process, touch any of the unpainted metal surfaces on your computer's frame or wear
an ESD wrist strap before handling internal components.
6. Using your owner's manual, locate your computer's storage drive bays and note the
size of the bays. To install a 2.5-inch SSD in a 3.5-inch bay, attach the drive to an

adapter bracket, which will keep it secured in the open space. If your desktop has a
2.5-inch storage bay, you will not need to use an adapter.
7. To install the SSD as your primary storage drive, remove the existing drive and any
attached cables. Reconnect the cables to your new SSD.
8. To install the SSD as a secondary drive, use a SATA cable and attach one end of the
cable to the SATA connector on your motherboard. Attach the other end of the SATA
cable to your Crucial SSD. Then, use an available SATA power cable coming from
your system's power supply, and connect the cable to your Crucial SSD. For either
type of install, consult your owner's manual for how to remove an existing drive (if
necessary), and how to handle the cables.
9. Mount and secure the SSD in the open drive bay.
10. Replace the case cover on your desktop and reconnect the power cable. Power on
your computer.
11. If you did not migrate your data from an existing drive, install operating system,
drivers, utilities and applications as needed. Installation is now complete.

Install an SSD in your PC

Improve boot times and speed up your system with a solid-state drive. Orestis Bastounis
shows you how to install an SSD as your Windows boot drive.

By Orestis Bastounis | 08 Aug 12

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Install an SSD in your PC
Install an SSD in your PC

When installed on an SSD, Windows not only boots and shuts down quicker, but applications
load faster, and the computer generally feels more responsive.

SSDs have benefits for desktop computers as well as for laptops. (See our guide to installing
an SSD inside your laptop). Since theyve fallen in price considerably in recent months, an
SSD is a great upgrade for your PC. Well show you how to install an SSD in a typical
desktop computer, with your old hard disk as a second drive.

Just about every PC case has internal bays for adding extra hard disks, which are 3.5in wide.
SSDs tend to be 2.5in wide, though, so its likely youll need a mounting bracket to fit one in
your computer.

The SSD weve chosen is a 240GB Kingston HyperX 3K upgrade kit, which costs roughly
180. It comes with the necessary mounting bracket and screwdriver to complete the job.

Kingston HyperX 3K SSD

SSDs have Serial ATA (SATA) data connectors, of which there are three versions (1, 2, or 3),
that can transfer data at 1.5Gbps, 3Gbps or 6Gbps, respectively. The Kingston Hyper X 3K is
capable of reading and writing data at 500MBps via a SATA 3 port.

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It doesn't matter too much if your computer doesnt support SATA 3. SSDs are backwards
compatible, and raw transfer speed isnt the only reason for SSDs improved performance.
More important is their much-reduced latency over conventional hard disks, as it takes
considerably less time to access data from an SSDs NAND flash memory than for a hard
disks mechanical arm to move into position.

There are a few disadvantages to be aware of, though. SSDs cost more, per GB of storage,
than conventional hard disks. Plus, their capacities top out at around 512GB, which is well
short of the current 4TB maximum for hard disks.

It makes sense to keep Windows and your applications on the SSD, which will benefit from
the improved loading times, and large media collections on a separate hard disk. Well
explain how to configure the BIOS and Windows accordingly.

For this guide, were using a desktop PC with an Asus P8P67 Pro motherboard and a Fractal
Design Define R3 case, which has internal space for SSDs, but our advice applies to any
desktop computer.

You can install a fresh copy of Windows 7 (we'll do this here) or transfer your current
operating system. There are plenty of programs for doing this job, such as Acronis True
Image HD, which is bundled with the Kingston HyperX 3K.
How to install an SSD

1. Unscrew the sides of your computers case then remove them from the chassis. Some
have latches holding the sides in place, which must be pushed open. Make sure you have
clear access to the motherboards SATA ports and hard disk bays.

Remove side panel

2. Place the SSD into its mounting bracket or a removable bay, line it up with the holes
underneath, then screw it in. Position the mounting bracket into a spare 3.5-inch hard disk
bay and secure it using holes at the side.

Install SSD into bracket

3. Connect the L-shaped end of a SATA cable to the SSD, and the other end to a spare SATA
port (SATA 6Gbps ports are blue). Connect a SATA power cable to the SSD. For a fresh
Windows installation, disconnect any other hard disks inside your PC.

Connect cables

4. Switch the PC on, insert the Windows 7 DVD, then (typically) press Delete or F2 to enter
the Bios. All motherboards are different, but there should be a menu with a boot order option.
Select your DVD drive to be first, save the settings then reboot.

Make DVD drive first boot device

5. Press a key when prompted to install Windows 7. The installer should start and, after a
while, you should see a language screen. Choose English (United Kingdom) from the Time
and currency format box, click Next, then click Install Now.

Install Windows 7

Continues on next page

6. Tick the box to accept the license terms, then click Next. Choose a custom installation,
then choose your SSD from the list. If you disconnected your other hard disks, it should be
the only option. Click Next and installation will begin.

Choose where to install

7. After the Windows installer has finished, it will reboot the computer. At this point, you may
need to enter the Bios and make the SSD the main boot device. The Windows installer will
then run final setup, asking for a user name and computer name.

Windows 7 installing

8.Create a username and password, review your settings, then click Next. After you set your
computers network location, Windows 7 will finalize your installation, display the Windows
desktop, and begin installing software updates.

Choose a username

9. Switch off the computer, reconnect any other hard disks, then reassemble your case. Turn
the computer back on, the Bios and make sure the SSD is the main boot device, not your old
disk, then reboot once again. Once Windows 7 loads, wed recommend installing the rest of
Microsofts software updates.

Replace side panel

Obviously, all your old files and Windows installation are still on your old disk. You can copy
your documents, videos, music and pictures across to their respective folders on the SSD,
but it's best to leave most of your files on the hard disk to avoid using up the limited space on
your SSD.

There are numerous ways to tell your new Windows installation that your documents and
other filess are on a different hard disk, but with Windows 7, the most elegant method is to
use its libraries feature.

Create a folder on your hard disk (for example e:/docs). Right-click the folder in Explorer,
scroll down to the Include in library option, then choose the Documents library from the list.
Then copy any documents from the My Documents folder to the new one. You can do the
same for movies, music and pictures, keeping your files close at hand without them residing
on the SSD.

When it comes to programs, it makes sense to install those you use most on the SSD to
benefit from its speed. When space becomes too tight, or you don't need the extra speed,
install new programs on your old hard disk by specifying where to store the files during the
installation process. If you leave the settings at their defaults, programs will always be
installed to the same drive as Windows.

Find out how to tweak Windows 7 further for SSD use with our top tips for SSDs. Also, if you
want to install an additional hard disk in your PC, or replace your old disk with a bigger, faster
new model, see our hard disk installation guide.

Windows 7 tweaks for modern SSDs

These days, there's no need to disable Windows features such as
indexing when installing an SSD. However, there are a few tweaks you
can make to ensure you get the best performance and avoid using up
the SSD's precious storage space. We explain what to do.

By Orestis Bastounis | 08 Aug 12

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Time was when it was paramount to tweak Windows so it worked better with an SSD. This
was both to save storage space and maintain the drives reliability.
Flash memory can be written to a limited number of times, so certain Windows programs,
such as Defrag, which has no benefit for an SSD, would serve only to shorten the drives
lifespan. In addition, small files occupying a block of flash memory slow down write speeds,
so performance worsens over time. See also: How to install an SSD in your PC
These issues are now less of a problem. Modern SSDs have built-in wear-levelling techniques
which ensure writes are spread across a drive, which increases its lifespan significantly.
Windows 7 is designed with SSDs in mind, so disables the ability to defragment SSDs, and it
supports a low-level command called TRIM, which frees up SSD blocks which would slow
down write performance.
As long as you use a modern SSD, you shouldn't need to make tweaks to disable write-heavy
functions such as indexing, Superfetch, and Windows Search. You wont see a particular
improvement to your brand new drives lifespan or performance by disabling these features.
However there are still some nifty tricks that can improve an SSD in Windows 7, even if its
just to free up a few extra gigabytes of space:

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1. Move the swap file

Click Start, right-click on Computer then select Properties. Click on Advanced system
settings, open the Advanced tab, and click on Performance. Open the Advanced tab in this
window, then click Change under the Virtual memory heading.
Now you can move your page file to a hard disk. Select the SSD, then select the No paging
file option. Then choose a hard disk, and select System managed size. Windows needs a swap
file, though, so if your computer doesnt have a second hard disk, leave it as it is.

2. Disable System Restore

System Restore writes a lot of data to the SSD. Disabling it will free up a considerable chunk
of storage space and may improve your drives performance over time. Warning: you will lose
the ability to restore Windows to a previous state if you do this.
Click Start, right-click on Computer then select Properties. Click on System protection, then
click Configure. Choose Turn off system protection, then click OK.

3. Turn Off Hibernation

Hibernation is a great aspect of Windows for PCs with slow boot times, as it lets you quickly
resume from where you left off. Windows boots really quickly with an SSD though, so
hibernation is less useful, and you can save yet more storage by disabling it.
Click Start, type cmd, then right-click on the command prompt icon that appears, and select
Run as administrator. Enter the command powercfg -h off.

4. Use Windows 7 libraries

You can free up space on your SSD by moving picture collections, movies and documents
onto a hard disk. There are numerous ways to do this, but with Windows 7, the most elegant
method is to use its libraries feature.
Create a folder on your hard disk (for example e:/docs). Right-click the folder in Explorer,
scroll down to the Include in library option, then choose the Documents library from the list.
Then copy any documents from the My Documents folder to the new one. You can do the
same for movies, music and pictures, keeping your files close at hand without them residing
on the SSD.

5. Inspect your storage use

With both SSDs and hard disks, running out of storage is always a problem. Over time, your
SSD will inevitably become filled with temporary files and unnecessary installation programs.
Knowing which files to delete can be tricky though. A program called WinDirStat provides a
visual representation of all your files and how much storage theyre using, so you can decide
more easily whether to keep them.

6. No-GUI boot
Disabling the Windows splash screen while booting can shave a few extra seconds off boot
times, which isnt a huge difference, but with the already-fast boot times of SSDs, it can make
your computer feel really snappy.
Click start, type msconfig, then press enter. Under the boot tab, tick No GUI boot, then restart
the computer.

7. Move Steam games back and forth

If youre a gamer, youll probably have the Steam software installed. If you have a few
modern titles in your Steam library, this can take up a huge amount of space. In computers
with SSDs, we usually install Steam on a secondary hard disk, so games unfortunately load as
slowly as usual.
A great tool called Steam Mover can solve this problem, moving the game over to the SSD
with a single click, by using a series of DOS commands, then creating links to the files, so
Steam functions as normal. You can move the game back to the Steam directory when you
need more storage space.

Tags:

Windows

Boot Up with the SSD

The moment of truth: Turn your laptop on. If your laptop boots as normal and you see all of
your programs and settings just the way they were before (except much faster), all went well.
For one final test to see everything went as planned, let's make sure Windows recognizes your
drive as an SSD. Hit Win+S to search for "defrag" and select "Defragment and optimize your
drives." In the Optimize Drives window, your drive should be listed as a Solid State Drive.
Mission complete!

(By the way, SSDs should not be defragmented. Windows 10 knows this. If it detects your
drive as an SSD, instead of defragmenting the drive, it will optimize it for the TRIM
command, which improves the performance of your SSD. By default, your drive will be
automatically optimized.)
You can now put your old drive in the enclosure and wipe it in Disk Management, perhaps
moving your media files to this drive. Just make sure your automated backup system (you
have one, right?) covers both your new internal drive and connected external ones.
Another way you can tell the migration worked? You're now booting up, launching programs,
and multitasking so much faster than before.

5. Installation & Warranty

If you know how to install a hard drive onto your desktop PC, then installing a Solid State
Drive should not be a problem; it is practically the same. However, there are a few things to
note when installing a SSD onto a laptop.
Laptops are all built differently and some might require you to unscrew a lot to install a SSD.
Heres where it gets a little technical. It is also very important that you access your BIOS
and change or configure the SATA settings from IDE to AHCI.

It is sometimes called SATA Mode Selection or SATA Mode. Each system will name it
differently but youll easily find it with a little exploring around the BIOS. This ensures that
you get maximum performance from your SSD.

(Image Source: TomsHardware)

Where possible, do check with your local shop to see if they can install it for you. Asking
them to do it for you also ensures that you do not void your laptop warranty.
Most Solid State Drives also come with a number of years of warranty. Obviously no one
wants to go through the warranty process, so it is advisable to follow these few tips from
Microsoft to ensure you get a long lifespan with speedy performance out of your Solid State
Drive.

How To Install A Solid State Drive (SSD)

April 21, 2015 by Guest Author 1 Comment

Considering a SSD (Solid State Drive) for your desktop or laptop? Before you begin (if you
havent bought one already), you may want to consider a few things:

Similar to older hard drives, capacity is increasing and cost is decreasing for SSDs as the
technology continues to mature. Last time I did the calculations (you may want to do your
own) the cost per GB for a SSD was at just over 0.48 USD, where as a 1 TB hard drive will
cost you only 0.09 USD per GB. Despite these cost differences favoring the HDD, it a higher
failure rate and the MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) will be around 300,000 hours. The
SDD, on the other hand, is rated for 1.5 to 1.75 Million hours.
Clearly, your trade off here is reliability for money.
Another consideration will be power consumption: SSDs will consume less power and less
power equates to lower heat generation. In particular, for a laptop the battery will end up
lasting longer.
You should also consider the manufacturer and quality of the SSD. I have quite a few
desktops and laptops (I am retired and have a small business network in my office) and all the
computers except one have at least one SSD (in fact, desktops have two or three). All my
laptops (some are used as single task servers) have a SSD for startup and storage. Currently, I
have over eight SSDs installed and the oldest one of these is over seven years old.
Other than self-induced failure (I once defraged a SSD, NEVER defrag a SSD, it will corrupt
the drive), I have had only one actual physical failure. I have had one SSD that failed: it was
DOA (Dead On Arrival) when I bought it. If you like, you can read more about my
experience with the company and the SSD here.

What can you use a SSD in? Generally speaking, any computer that either has a hard drive or
will have the mounting and interface connection for a hard drive. The Operating System of
choice is not a factor (even Microsoft figured that out with Windows 8; some drive interfaces
IDE were actually not supported in the original version)
To begin, ensure you have the correct interface and power cables for your drive interface.
Remember, IDE will not work with a SATA drive or vice versa.

SSD/HDD Power & Data Connections

Also, if you are doing a replacement or upgrade, you will save yourself a lot of time and work
by creating an image of the Operating System (and in the case of Windows Vista and newer
also the boot partition if applicable), before you install the drive. Once you have your backup
image, the rest of the install procedure is now mechanical until you are ready to put your
backup image on the new drive. A quick check: Do you have a bootable device that isnt the
installed drive you are replacing, more commonly known as an ERD or IT Tool Box? Are
you using the SSD simply for data storage? Then all you would do is backup your data to
another device then do the exchange.
Next, I will now walk you through how to install a solid state drive.
Desktop Installation Steps

Open the case, but be sure to observe ESD! ESD or Electromagnetic Static Discharge could
destroy the drive if you are not being careful. Using an ESD wrist strap or an anti static mat
during the installation procedure is highly recommended.

ESD Wrist Strap (Left) and Anti Static Mat (Right)

Once inside the case, locate the drive you are replacing or the bay where the SSD will reside.
Replacing an older IDE drive with a SATA drive will require two cables: Power and Interface.
Remove the old drive (if applicable).
Secure the new drive and note that the screws supplied with the new SSD are shorter in
some instances- than the screws in the older hard drive. Be careful here: A screw that is too
long will damage the printed circuit board (PCB) inside the SSD case.
Connect the power and interface cables.

Do your foreign object check (Did you drop a screw? Did you get it out?)
Put the case cover back on the computer as this will preclude you from touching devices
while they are powered up. Also, a strong word of caution: Disconnecting interface and
power cable with the computer powered up will damage the device and may cause you harm!
Before you power on your computer, do you know the key press to get into the computers
BIOS setup? You will need it now

Bios Setup Screen

Also, ave your handy ERD / IT Tool Box bootable device plugged in or in the optical drive.
Power up the computer, enter the BIOS settings.
Find the drive settings as you need to insure the computer drive interface sees the drive. The
BIOS settings will tell you if the drive is operating and will give you the parameters of the
drive. This ensures the BIOS will initialize the drive on power up, which is required for
further installation.
Save your settings and exit the BIOS.

Some computers when started will detect if the first hard drive or in this case the SSD
isnt bootable. It will search first the optical drive, then any attached USB drives. Others will
require you to press a key to access a device boot menu. Either way, start your ERD / IT Tool
Box Operating System.
You need to make the new drive bootable which entails making make a partition and writing
two files to the drive. Now, if you are installing the Operating System fresh, then the
installation program will do these steps for you after you answer a few questions. However, if
you are using an image of the original Operating System instead, you have to create a
partition (some imaging programs have this option built in, e.g. I use Ghost) then put that
image (i.e. the first file) on the partition. After the partition is created and the image is
installed you have to make the drive bootable. To do this, you need to write a second file to
the drive which is the boot sector file. Its purpose is to tell the BIOS where to find the startup
file, or master boot file (MBF), for the Operating System. You have to tell the BIOS which
drive is the startup or boot drive and where the boot file resides. This is called the master
boot record (MBR): It consists of the first few bytes on the first track, and is located in the
first cylinder of the drive.
Once these tasks are all completed your desktop computer is now usable, congratulations!

Potovani korisnici. Ovo uputstvo je isteklo i na sledeem

linku imate najsveije.

SSD Tips

Kupili ste SSD ali niste sigurni da li ste podesili sve parametre u cilju iskoriavanja
njegovog punog potencijala. PC Practic je za Vas pripremio listu najvanijih saveta i
preporuka za podeavanje Vaeg novog SSD-a. Od ukljuivanja TRIM komandi, za poveanje
brzine i to dui radni vek, pa sve do najsitnijih podeavanja u samom OS-u koji e omoguiti
da Va SSD radi onako kako je zamiljeno.
Tip 1
SATA kontroler podesiti na AHCI Mod:

U toku procesa instalacije, u BIOS-u obavezno podesite SATA kontroler na AHCI

mod. AHCI mod je potreban zbog nativne podrke za TRIM funkciju SSD-a.

Ako ste Windows instalirali u IDE modu na SSD, preporuuje se da ga promenite na

AHCI.

Tip 2
Potvrivanje TRIM-a (da li je ukljuen)
Verifikacija TRIM-a potrvdie da se TRIM komande alju sa Windows-a na SSD.
Kako se vri verifikacija TRIM-a:

U polju za pretragu Start menija kucajte cmd;

Desni klik na cmd i odaberite Run as Adminstrator

Zatim kucajte "fsutil behavior query DisableDeleteNotify".

Ako dobijete poruku DisableDeleteNotify = 0 TRIM je ukljuen.

Ako dobijete poruku DisableDeleteNotify = 1 TRIM je iskljuen.

Kada kucate tekst u komandnom prozoru ne koristite navodnike (" ").

Tip 3
Iskljuite System Restore
System Restore na SSD-u tokom vremena moe da mu smanji performanse i onemogui
normalno funkcionisanje TRIM komandi. Preporuuje se da System Restore bude iskljuen.
Kako se to radi:

Desni klik na My Computer pa birate Properties;

Zatim System Protection;

Pa Configure;

Birate Turn Off System Restore.

Tip 4
Iskljuivanje indeksiranja na disku
Poto SSD ima veoma veliku brzinu pristupa podacima (0.1 ms), nema potrebe za
indeksiranjem diska kao kod obinih hard diskova.
Kako se iskljuuje:

Idite u My Computer;

Desni klik na SSD (sistemski disk) i odaberete Properties;

Deekirate kvadrat ispred "Allow files to have contents indexed in addition to file
properties".

Ako Vam bilo ta iskoi nakon toga odaberite "Ignore All" i nastavite sa OK.

Tip 5
Onemoguite sistemski raspored defragmentiranja diska
Kada Windows 7 detektuje da se TRIM komande koriste on automatski iskljuuje
raspored defragmentiranja diska, ako ako se to sluajno ne desi evo kako to moete sami
uraditi.
Kako se iskljuuje:

Uete u My Computer;

Desnim klikom na sistemski disk birajte Tools tab;

Birajte Defragment Now;

Pa zatim Configure Schedule;

I deekirajte komandu Run on a Schedule Box.

Tip 6
Onemoguite PageFile
Ovaj korak ne poveava brzinu SSD-a ali Vam vraa 3-4 GB prostora na disku nazad. Takoe,
ovaj korak se ne preporuuje na raunarima koji imaju manje od 4GB radne memorije.
Kako se iskljuuje:

Desni klik na My Computer;

Birajte Properties;

Zatim Advanced System Settings;

Odaberite Performance tab i Advanced tab;

Zatim izaberite Change dugme u odeljku Virtural memory;

Deekirajte Automatically Manage Page File Size For All Drives;

Izaberite No Paging File i kliknite na set dugme;

Izaberite Yes da omoguite i resetujte kompjuter.

Tip 7
Onemoguavanje Hibernacije
Ovim postupkom dobijate jo 2GB prostora na disku.
Kako se radi:

U polje za pretragu Start menija kucate cmd;

Desnim klikom na cmd program birate Run as Adminstrator;

U komandnoj liniji kucajte "powercfg -h off".

Stisnete enter, kucate exit pa opet stisnete enter i to je to.

Kada kucate ne koristite navodnike.

Tip 8
Onemoguite Prefetch i Superfetch
Postupak:

Kucajte Regedit u polju za pretragu Start menija, pa OK;

Odaberite putanju;
"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SessionManager\
Memory Management\PrefetchParameters"

Desni klik na EnablePrefetcher i EnableSuperfetch;

Za svaki pojedinano kucajte 0 u Value data polje i stisnite OK;

Resetujte raunar.

Tip 9
Onemoguite Windows Search i SuperFetch
Postupak:

Stisnite kombinaciju Windows dugme i R na tastaturi;

Kucajte "services.msc" i stisnite Enter;

Skrolujte do Superfetch, desnim klikom birajte Properties;

U padajuem meniju odaberite Disabled i stisnite Ok;

Skrolujte do Windows Search, desnim klikom birajte Properties;

Kliknite na Stop dugme, zatim iz padajueg menija birajte Disable i zatim Ok.

Tip 10
Iskljuite ClearPageFileAtShutdown i LargeSystemCache.
Postupak:

Winkey+R pa kucate Regedit i zatim OK;

Birate putanju;
"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\CurrentControlSet\Control\SessionManager\Memory
Management"

Desnim klikom na ClearPageFileAtShutdown i LargeSystemCache;

Menjajte pojedinano za svaki Value data sa 1 na 0;

Resetujte raunar.

Tip 11
Podeavanje Power opcija
Postupak:

Idite u Control Panel;

Odaberite System and Security;

Zatim Power Options i birajte u padajuem meniju Show Additional Plans;

Odaberite High Performance;

Kliknite na Change Plan Settings za High Performance;

Kliknite na Change Advanced Power Settings;

Zatim odaberite Hard disk polje (+);

Promenite vrednost za opciju Turn off hard disk after na 0 minuta (Never)

Stisnite OK;

Odaberite Save Settings.

Podeavanje Windows-a za rad sa SSD diskom

Ugradnjom SSD diska u PC raunar moete osetno ubrzati njegove performanse u

poreenju sa onima koje prua tradicionalni hard disk ureaj. Da bi to postigli neophodno je
pravilno konfigurisati Windows operativni sistem. Pretpostavimo da ste pravilno instalirali i
povezali SSD na odgovarajui SATA3 port. Instalacija je uglavnom jednostavna obzirom na
male dimenzije 2.5 SSD ureaja i injenicu da veina proizvoaa isporuuje odgovarajue
adaptere za montiranje u unutranjost kuita. ak i bez toga je vrlo lako pronai idealnu
poziciju SSD diska zbog njegovih malih i nezahtevnih dimenzija. Takoe, SATA3 portovi se
lako identifikuju i pravilno povezuju jer su oznaeni razliitim bojama, pri emu svakako
savetujemo da konsultujete pratee uputstvo za upotrebu. Generalno, sa fizikom
instalacijom SSD ureaja ne bi trebalo da imate bilo kakvih problema, a u sluaju da niste
raspoloeni u maniru sam svoj majstor, svakako prepustite nekom iskusnijem serviseru da
to uini umesto vas.

injenica je da SSD diskovi imaju brojne prednosti nad klasinim mehanikim hard
diskovima, i o tome smo ve nekoliko puta detaljno pisali na naim stranicama. SSD diskovi
koriste brze memorijske fle ipove koji omoguuju da se Windows OS podigne drastino
bre nego to to ini sa HDD diskovima. Istovremeno e i aplikacije, igrice i ostali programi
mnogo bre da uitaju potreban sadraj. Najdrastiniji primer je doboro konfigurisana
desktop PC maina koja u kombinaciji SSD diska sa brzim Intel Core i5/i7 procesorima,
podie Windows 7 za neverovatnih 9 sekundi!

SSD nema mahanike, pokretne delove kao to je to sluaj sa hard diskovima, koji su
podloni kvarovima usled habanja i troenja tokom dueg vremena upotrebe. Sa druge
strane trajanje SSD diskova je ogranieno brojem ciklusa upisa podataka u fle memoriju,
vrlo bitan razlog zbog koga je potrebno pravilno konfigurisati i pripremiti rad SSD ureaja.
Kao to se mehaniki delovi kod tradicionalnih hard diskova habaju i troe, tako i fle
memorija u SSD diskovima ima ogranien radni vek izraen u broju upisa punog kapaciteta
memorije. Da bi produili vek trajanja i optimizovali performanse SSD diska, potrebno je
iskljuiti sisteme koji imaju potrebe za neprekidnim upisom podataka na disk. To se posebno
odnosi na Windows operativni sistem.
Prvo treba povesti rauna o instalaciji Windows 7 operativnog sistema. Ukoliko
pretpostavimo da elite da nadogradite postojei raunar dodatkom SSD diska za brzo
startovanje operativnog sistema, jedna od opcija je da klonirate sadraj HDD na SSD ureaj.
U tu svrhu proizvoai SSD diskova esto isporuuju pratei softver za kloniraje podataka.
Meutim, imajte na umu da u takvim sluajevima kapacitet podataka koje kopirate sa HDD
na SSD disk mora biti jednak i manji kapacitetu SSD diska, nikako vei to je est sluaj u
praksi. ak i kada ispunite ovaj zahtev, proces kloniranja sa HDD diska nije preporuljiv iz
razloga to se podaci nee pravilno poravnati na SSD disku. Nepravilno poravnanje
podataka rezultuje pogoranjem performansi, a negativno utie na TRIM funkciju i
fragmentaciju podataka na SSD disku.

Zbog toga savetujemo da prilikom ugradnje SSD diska obavezno instalirate sveu verziju
Windows 7 operativnog sistema. Problem sa pravilnim poravnanjem podataka potie od
razliite strukture i organizacije podataka na HDD i SSD ureajima. Mehaniki diskovi (HDD)
su podeljeni na fizike sektore gde se vri upis podataka, dok SSD diskovi usled izostanka
mehanikih delova nemaju potrebe za takvim vidom organizacije podataka.
Meutim, Windows i dalje organizuje podatke po sektorima. Sveom instalacijom
operativnog sistema omoguiete da Windows pravilno organizuje upis podataka na SSD
ureaju i uita samo potrebne drajvere. U suprotnom rizikujete degradaciju performansi i
krai ivotni vek SSD diska. To nikako ne znai da vas odvraamo od procesa kloniranja ve
savetujemo da je neophodno prvo pripremiti SSD za takvu operaciju. Za tu svrhu pokrenite
sledee komande iz command prompt linije:

Diskpart
List disk
Izaberite disk pomou komande:
Select disk n (n je broj SSD diska, prikazan List disk komandom)
Napravite primarnu particiju:
create partition primary align=1024
select partition=1
Active

Na ovaj nain obezbediete pravilno poravnanje podataka prilikom operacije kloniranja

podataka sa HDD na SSD disk.

Ukoliko ste se odluili da instalirate sveu verziju Windows 7 OS-a, obavezno proverite da li
ste ukljuili advanced host controler interface (AHCI) opciju u BIOS-u matine ploe. Ova
opcija ukljuuje podrku za rad naprednih mogunosti, neophodnih za pravilan rad SSD
diska. Obino se nalazi u delu BIOS-a gde se podeavaju opcije za rad sistema za
skladitenje podataka. Ne zaboravite da podesite BIOS tako da SSD definiete kao
primarani ureaj za podizanje operativnog sistema. Tako podeen upravljaki softver matine
ploe i kontrolera SSD diska e omoguiti Windows operativnom sistemu da ga pravilno
prepozna i iskljui funkciju defragmentacije koja u krajnjem sluaju moe da oteti SSD
uestalim upisivanjem i premetanjem podataka. Za svaki sluaj poeljno je da to runo
prekontroliete i eventulano podesite, desnim klikom na SSD disk, izaberite Properties i
zatim izaberite opciju Tools. Kliknite na opciju Defragment now, zatim klik na Configure
schedule i Select disks. Uverite se da SSD disk NIJE selektovan kao ciljni disk za postupak
defragmentacije. Windows ukoliko pravilno prepozna prisustvo SSD diska u raunaru, trebao
bi automatski da ga ukloni sa spiska pa ukoliko u ponuenim opcijama ne vidite SSD, ne
treba da brinete jer je sve u najboljem redu.

Ukoliko se odluite da postojeem raunaru sa klasinim, mehanikim hard diskom dodate

SSD kako bi ubrzali njegove performanse prilikom operacija sa datotekama, dobijate hibridni
sistem sa brzinom SSD i kapacitetom hard disk ureaja. Kada instalirate Windows 7
operativni sistem potrebno je da uinite odreene promene na nivou sistemskih podeavanja
i optimizacije rada SSD-a. Morate iskljuiti proces kreiranja virtuelene memorije na SSD
disku. Virtuelna memorija slui Windows operativnom sistemu da kopira podatke iz RAM
memorije na hard disk kako bi oslobodio sistemski RAM za izvrenje trenutno aktivnih
aplikacija i servisa. Poto se tokom ove operacije obavlja uestalo kopiranja podataka, tokom
dueg vremena korienja, moe da oteti SSD disk i tako skrati radni vek ureaja. Zbog
toga je neophodno iskljuiti ovu opciju na SSD disku. Pritisnite desni klik na Computer u
Start meniu i izaberite opciju Properties. Kliknite na System protection link i izaberite
Advance i zatim kliknite na Settings u okviru opcije Performance. Kliknite na Advanced
jeziak i potom na Change. Iskljuite opciju Automatically manage paging file size for all
drives. Kliknite na C: disk (SSD), i izaberite No paging file i potvrdite izbor pritiskom na
Set komandu. Iskoie vam prozor sa upozorenjem da je mogua situacija u kojoj e raunar

ostati bez dovoljne koliine operativne memorije. Ignoriite poruku i kliknite na OK. Ponovite
proceduru ukoliko imate vie kreiranih particija na SSD disku.

Sledee to treba da uinite prilikom podeavanja Windows 7 OS-a je da ukljuite virtuelnu

memoriju na hard disku koji je u ovakvim situacijama obino obeleen slovom D: (HDD).
Kliknite na System managed size, potom kliknite na Set i potvrdite sa OK. Sledea
operacija obuhvata iskljuivanje funkcije indeksiranja na SSD disku. Ona vam pomae da
brzo i tano pronaete odreenu datoteku, ali je sa druge strane odgovorna za veliki broj
upisa informacija na disk i kao takva je tetna po SSD. Kliknite na Start i u Search polju
otkucajte Index. Izaberite Advanced Options i u okviru Index Settings, pozicionirajte se na
Index Location i kliknite na Select new. Izaberite putanju koja vodi na klasini hard disk i
potvrdite izbor sa OK. Datoteka sa indeksiranim podacima moe biti smetena iskljuivo u
"root" diska jer ukoliko izaberete direktorijum, promene nee biti sauvane. Takoe,
savetujemo i da vaa dokumenta i odgovarajue direktorijume gde uvate muziku, video i
fotografije, prebacite na klasini hard disk kako bi oslobodili vie prostora na SSD disku.

Ukoliko ste se odluili na konfigurisanje PC raunara u kome e se nai samo SSD disk,
opcije konfigurisanja Windows 7 OS-a su daleko vie ograniene nego u sluaju
kombinovanog rada SSD i HDD ureaja. To znai da treba iskljuiti virtuelnu memoriju jer je
ova Windows opcija najtetnija po zdravlje vaeg SSD diska. Pre nego to to uinite na nain
koji smo opisali u prethodnom sluaju, morate ispuniti jedan dodatni uslov koji se odnosi na
dovoljnu koliinu RAM memorije u raunaru. Da bi iskljuili sistem kreiranja virtuelne
memorije morate imati najmanje 8GB RAM memorije ili e Windows 7 u suprotnom vrlo brzo
ostati bez neophodne memorije za obavljanje sistemskih i aplikativnih operacija. Ovo se
posebno odnosi na situacije kada startujete i izvravate vie aplikacija istovremeno. Ukoliko
imate malu koliinu RAM memorije onda nemojte da iskljuujete opciju virtuelne memorije, ali
moraete da preuzmete rizik drastinog skraenja radnog veka i degradaciju performansi
SSD diska.

ta treba znati pre nabavke SSD diska

Veu cenu po Gigabajtu skladitenog prostora, SSD diskovi nadoknauju daleko veom
brzinom u radu. Poto nema mehanikih delova, rad je ujednaeniji i nema problema sa
gubitkom na brzini transfera kako se popunjavanje podacima blii maksimumu operativnog
kapaciteta ureaja, to je izraena i vrlo bolna pojava kod mehanikih HDD diskova. Od
velike brzine SSD diskova najvie profitira Windows operativni sistem. Naa iskustva tokom
testiranja razliitih modela, posebno onih SSD ureaja koji pripadaju novijoj generaciji,
pokazuju da se vreme podizanja i izvravanja nekih osnovnih Windows servisa upola
skrauje i deava duplo bre nego na PC raunarima opremljenim tradicionalnim hard
diskovima. U nekim situacijama ubrzanja su dramatina, posebno u sluajevima ogranieno
raspoloive RAM memorije kada sistem u nedostatku memorije, poinje da swap-uje tj.
emulira RAM odvajanjem dodatnog memorijskog prostora na hard disku tj. SSD-u. Meutim,
to nije poeljan scenario upotrebe SSD diska, o emu emo neto kasnije priati.

Osim hardvera potrebno je povesti rauna o softveru tj. operativnom sistemu. Windows 7 i
Windows 8 su pravo radno okruenje za SSD diskove obzirom da podravaju TRIM
komandu. Ona u velikoj meri utie na brzinu rada SSD ureaja jer ukoliko nije podrana na
nivou operativnog sistema, deava se da performanse SSD diska tokom vremena upotrebe
drastino pogoraju. To se deava zato to se fajlovi i datoteke na SSD diskovima upisuju u
blokovima od 4Kb podataka, a mogu se brisati samo u blokovima veliine 512Kb. Problem je
kada briete podatak manji od 512Kb, jer se on odjavljuje iz tabele podataka ali fiziki ostaje
upisan na disku, dok u isto vreme Windows OS dotinu adresu tretira kao slobodan prostor.
Kada operativni sistem treba da upie novi podatak na taj deo diska, prvo mora blok
podataka od 512Kb da premesti u ke memoriju, zadravajui potrebne podatke iz 512Kb
memorijskog bloka, zatim da kompletno izbrie dotini prostor na disku i konano ponovo
upie nove i postojee podatke iz ke memorije SSD diska. itav taj postupak usporava rad
sa SSD diskom. Da bi se izbeglo opisano usporenje, slui TRIM komanda.

Kako funkcionie TRIM komanda

Korienjem TRIM komande, Windows daje naredbu kontroleru fle memorije na SSD disku
da odmah obrie nepotrebne podatke, tako da se ne eka upis novih da bi se nepotrebni
podaci konano obrisali. Sve to se deava onog trenutka kada izdate komandu za brisanje
nepotrebnih podataka. Operacija se preduzima u trenucima kada SSD nije zaposlen i itava
operacija prebacivanja 512Kb bloka podataka u ke memoriju, brisanje memorijskih blokova i
ponovni upis sadraja kojim se oslobaa 4Kb prosotra spremnih za upis novih podataka se
odvija neprimetno po samog korisnika, ime se smanjuje potrebno vreme upisa novih
podataka, a to u krajnjem rezultatu korisnik osea kroz veu brzinu PC raunara.

Prilikom izbora SSD diskova potrebno je povesti rauna i o tipu fle memorije koju koristi.
Obavezno dajte prednost ureaju sa Multi Level Cell (MLC) fle memorijama koje su bolji i
racionalniji izbor od onih opremljenih Single Level Cell (SLC) memorijama. Na poetku je
situacija bila obrnuta, ali tokom vremena proizvoai memorije su dramatino poboljali
karakteristike MLC fle memorije u cilju optimalnog odnosa cene, dugotrajnosti radnog veka i
brzine. Za utehu je da veina savremenih SSD diskova renomiranih marki koristi MLC fle
memorije, ali svakako nije na odmet da povedete rauna o ovom vrlo vanom detalju kada
su u pitanju SSD diskovi, posebno u sluaju manje poznatih marki i ureaja koji se prodaju
po cenama ispod proseka ponude za dati kapacitet diskova. Samsung je sa SSD serijom 840
predstavio novi tip Triple Level Cell (TLC) memoriju kao jo pristupaniju verziju fle
memorije namenjene SSD ureajima, ali kao to to biva na poetku primene nove
tehnologije, ostaje mnogo pitanja koja ekaju odgovore, pa emo videti hoe li se situacija
odvijati kao u sluaju MLC memorije

SSD diskovi poput mehanikih hard diskova novije generacije koriste SATA interfejs za
komunikaciju. Matine ploe prethodne generacije uglavnom koriste SATA2, dok one novije
imaju obaveznu podrku za SATA3 interfejs. Razlika je u brzini i propusnoj moi prilikom
transfera podataka. SATA2 ima maksimalnu propusnu mo od 300MB/s, dok SATA3 duplira
(600MB/s) transfer i brzinu podataka. Ova injenica nema puno znaaja prilikom korienja
mehanikih hard diskova (HDD), obzirom da najbri primerci jedva mogu da isporue
150MB/s. Situacija sa SSD diskovima je dramatino razliita obzirom da prilikom itanja i
pisanja podataka mogu dosei brzinu prenosa podataka od preko 500MB/s u zavisnosti od
konkretnog modela. Zbog toga je od velike vanosti da povedete rauna da li vaa ploa
poseduje kontroler i slobodan SATA3 port za povezivanje SSD ureaja, kako bi do
maksimuma iskoristili njegove brzinske potencijale.

pomoc instalacija windowsa na SSD i ubacivanje HDDa

ovako sutra mi stize SSD samsung 840 evo 240..medjutim ja SSD sam do sad video samo na
youtube a i nikad nisam imo priliku da koristim 2 HDD pre..
sad vako video(google/youtube) sam da bi se pravilno instaliro win na SSD bez da se gubi
write/read/copy speed(write cak 50%sporiji) na SSD-u je i bas "procedura" al to cu da se
snadjem medjutim nisam mogo da nadjem kako posle da ubacim HDD(koji ima 2 particije
C/D na C mi je win 7 i neki porogrami D mi je storage) D bih cuvo podatke bez formatiranja
C bih nakon prebacivanja nekih programa formatiro) sad mi treba detaljna informacija(korak
po korak kako?)
znaci

1: ubacim novi SSD ukljucim PC

2:u windowsu pravilno odradim (Windows 7: SSD alignment)
3:gasim PC iskljucujem HDD ulazim u bios podesim AHCI +jos nesto?
4:instaliram win 7 + instaliram drivere(ploca + gpu) update windows7
5:gasim PC ukljucujem HDD palim PC idem disk managaer(prepoznajem HDD)
6:?
sad ovde ovaj deo kad ubacim HDD dali trteba da idem u bios da podesim nesto tamo..?
i jesu li 1-5 korak po korak pravilni? ili sam ispustio nesto?
druga stvar na koju do sad nisam obraco paznju je:
do sad kad sam prebacivo podatke na HDD-u sa particije C na D i obrnuto transfer je avg oko
20/mbs (kad prebacujem recimo 5+giga rar i druge podatke)
pa me interesuje jel ta brzina normana ?(cini mi se da je bas sporo) (naiime pocne prvo
brzinom od oko 80 mbs pa pocinje postepeno da pada za oko minut padne i na avg oko 1520Mbs)
Re: pomoc instalacija windowsa na SSD i ubacivanje HDDa
Ukratko: Ubacis ssd (povezes) i pocnes sa instalacijom win kad dodje gde zelis da instaliras
biras ssd,tu vec mozes odmah da brises particju c sa tvog hdd instaliras i to je to,ne moras
vaditi hdd nije potreno,reko si da imas na hdd na particiji d vazne stvari ako su igre uglavnom
nece raditi zbog x stvari ako su muzika filmovi itd nema problema,kad instaliras win ne treba
nista da podesavas,defrag i superf se sami gase jedino proveri dali ti je ukljucen TRIM
Udjes u cmd udjes kako administrator i kucas fsutil behavior query disabledeletenotify 0 trim
je ukljucen,1 trim iskljucen.
ACHI na novijim od 2011 polocama sam win prepoznaje i ukljucuje (mozes proveriti nije na
odmet u bios)
To bi bilo to.
Ovo za hdd neznam nisam nesto skoro prebacivao a i kad prebacujem ne obracam
paznju,moras pitati nekog drugog..
Re: pomoc instalacija windowsa na SSD i ubacivanje HDDa
Prije nego zapone instalciju win-a , updetuj firmware ako moze, prikljui sdd na stari
raunar, sa samsungovog sajta skini program " SSD Magician Software" (nalazi se i na CD-eu
koji e dobti uz SSD).
Posjedujem verziju od 120gb i uspjeno sam 2x updetovo fireware , pod win sa ssd-a
Takoe sa tim programom kasnije moe da "optimizuje" novi win, ovo to ti je karlos
preporuio , ja sam sve runo poiskljuivao da win to manje pie po njemu , tek posle vidio
da se moe sa jednim klikom
Dobra stvar je da sa tim programom moe namjestiti opciju "over provisioning" , ona slui
za optimizaciju rada i produetak radnog vijeka diska ...
Takodje sam koristio i "rapid mode" dobra stvar , ali poto nemam dovoljno ram-a , nije mi se

isplatila.
Pozdrav i da te dobro slui
Re: pomoc instalacija windowsa na SSD i ubacivanje HDDa
Citat:
velikan kae:
da bi se pravilno instaliro win na SSD bez da se gubi write/read/copy speed(write cak
50%sporiji) na SSD-u je i bas "procedura"
Gde si tu glupost procitao majke ti? Nema nikakve procedure, samo treba da instaliras sistem
koji ce redovno da pokrece TRIM i to je to.. Zato je bolje da instaliras Win 8.1 posto njegov
"defragmenter", koji se vise ni ne zove tako, automatski detektuje da li je u pitanju HDD ili
SSD, i ako je HDD defragmentuje, ako je SSD TRIM-uje..
A TRIM je mera protiv tog usporenja.
Re: pomoc instalacija windowsa na SSD i ubacivanje HDDa
SSD nije danas stigo (city expres ....)pa sam imo vremena za citanje danas dosta o tome razne
rvjueve i forume ovako procedura je sledeca:
1:bios Ahci
2:update firmware
3:secure erase
4:align
5:instal windows
6:verify Trim
7:disable system restore
8:back up windows
9:isable automatic defrag
(za sve ove ostale twikove sem prvog) oni pravo da ti kazem doso do zakljucka da ustvari vise
odmazu nego li sto pomazu Toms hardware i mnigi drugi u testovima gde je poredjen SSD
samo secure erase vs SSD secure erase + twikovanje u vecini testova performanse su bile ili
iste ili slabije negde je cak i razlika u performancama bila ogromna)
1;disable system restore (samo ova koristna za free space)
2;disable driver indexing
3;disable page file
4;disable hibernation (ovo vec cista glupost bar za moje potrebe)
5;disable prefetching
6;disable windows write cashing
7;disable superfetch and windows search
8;disable ClearpageFileAtShutdown
9;adjust power setiings (ovde postave uvek maksimum performance ja sam za balanced)
ovi ostali svi imaju impact na performance a oslobadjaju mesto) e sad ja sam kupio SSD zbog
performanci ne zbog slobodnog postora(znam da je to kod SSd povezano jedno s drugim ali
ne planiram da ga punim do kraja(preporucuje se za stabilne(farbricke) performance da bude
od 15-30% ukupnog kapaciteta uvek slobodno kako bi controler mogo da swapuje NAND

blokove)
tu "glupost" za panje oweral performance a i do 50% sporiji write ima svuda na google u 80%
revieva i foruma da ako ako Aligment nije pravilno odradjen..
jedino za sto jos nisam naso odgovor je :
dali prvo da odradim "Diskpart Clean" (on brise sve podatke ali ne refresuje NAND celije na
optimal nivo tojest uopste ih ne refresuje)
ili prvo Secure Erase (on refresuje NAND celije na optimalni nivo al ne brise sve(pa moze da
doje do greske kod aligmenta)
mada po mojoj logici ja cu prvo "Diskaprt clean" pa posle "secure erase"
pa opet red samu isntalaciju diskpart da odradim aligment i quick format particiju"
aha inaceo vo sam jedva naso: vazi za samsung 840 i za 840 EVO zbog TLC NAND(kod
drugih je kolko sam video 512x2=1024 kod TLC nanda je 512x3=1536)
NAND page size = 8kb
File alocation size =512
NAND erase block size=1536kb \ 8 =192 pages per block
Partition ofset =1572864
(ovo ne mora samo za vistu da se podesava jer ona pravilno alignueje dok win 7 mora jer
dobijete umesto 512-512-512(1 block 1536) vi dobijete 512-512(1 block 1024) dok poslednji
3-ci File se prebacuje u sledeci block i sve tako linearno do kraja pa kad SSD trazi podatke iz
tog blocka on mora da ide da trazi treci file u susednom bloku i tu se gubi na performansama)
ovo vazi i za druge SSD-ove koji imaju 2x512=1024 align jer sam windows 7 ne instaliruje
windows bas na pocetku prvog blok file)
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/l...ql.100%29.aspx
http://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials...alignment.html
ovo je sto detaljno http://www.ocztechnologyforum.com/fo...ax-performance
juce veze nisam imo sad expert posle 5 sati googlanja :P

Instalacija & optimizacija SSD-a(Windows 7)

Mogue izmjene i dorade teksta

1. Napomena:

"Pravilo da je potrebno silnu optimizaciju provesti na SSD-u kako bi radio NIJE TONA",
dananji SSD-ovi su mnogo vie pouzdani te jedino to vam treba u vidu optimizacije jest
postavljanje AHCI nain rada SATA kontrolera.

Ostale optimizacije se svode na crpljenje posljednog atoma snage iz SSD-a i smanjenja broja
ciklusa zapisivanja te oslobaanje prostora. Va SSD i bez optimizacija e trajati dugo.

2. Napomena:

Neiskusni korisnici mogu koristiti optimizaciju dostupnu od strane proizvoaa koju nudi
putem programa(npr. Intel Tool Box, Samsung Magician)

Pojedine optimizacije mogu imati kontradiktoran uinak u vidu degradacije performansi tj.
morat ete se igrati sa opcijama i pratit stanje.

Napraviti backup registry-a prije izmjena

Tema e biti podjeljena u dva podruja:

1. Instalacija
2. Optimizacija

Ukoliko vam neto ne bude jasno pitajte u temi.

1. INSTALACIJA SSD-a

Spojite SSD-a u odgovarajui SATA konektor:

U svrhu postizanja deklariranih brzina vaeg SSD-a potrebno je SSD spojiti u odgovarajue
SATA konektore na matinoj ploi.
Potrebno je razlikovati:

SATA 2(3 Gbit/s), do 300MB/s

SATA 3(6 Gbit/s), do 600MB/s

konektore. U svrhu postizanja toga cilja koristite prirunik od matine ploe te obavezno
spojite SSD na SATA 3 konektor jer putem njega ostvarujete maksimalnu brzinu vaeg SSDa. Ukoliko ne posjedujete SATA 3 konektor bit ete limitirani propusnou SATA 2 konekcije
koja iznosi do 300MB/s.

Radnje koje treba provesti prije instalacije operativnog sustava(OS-a):

- Ukoliko je raunalo overclokirano, vratiti postavke na stock

- Postaviti AHCI nain rada u BIOS/UEFI

- Odspojit ostale diskove iz matine ploe osim SSD-a

- Odabrat istu instalaciju naspram migracije OS-a jer migracijom mogu nastati problemi i
performanse nikad nisu u rangu sa istom instalacijom
- Spojiti SSD putem SATA 3 suelja

Radnje koje treba provesti nakon instalacije operativnog sustava(OS-a):

- Izvrit upgrade FW-a SSD-a(koristit alate i uputstva proizvoaa vaeg SSD-a)

- Instalirat drivere za ipset(AMD, INTEL ovisi koju matinu imate)
- Izvrit update Windows OS-a
- Testirat SSD(performanse i zdravlje) sa programom tipa HD Tune PRO, AS-SSD, Crystal
Disk Mark itd.

2. OPTIMIZACIJA SSD-A

Postavljanje "AHCI" nain rada - performanse

U Biosu pod opcijama za HDD, navedite da HDD/SSD radi u AHCI mode-u, a ne IDE.
Ukoliko ve imate instaliran OS tada je vrlo vjerovatno da dobijete BSOD(eng. Black/Blue
Screen of Death), famozni plavi ekran, tada uinite slijedee:

Upute:
1. Win tipka + R te utipkati "Regedit"
2. Otvorit HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SYSTEM / CurrentControlset / Services
3. Otvorit msahci
4. U desnom polju desnim klikom kliknuti na "start" i odabrati modify
5. U polju "value Data" unijeti "0" i kliknuti "ok"

6. Izai iz "Regedit"
7. Resetirati raunalo i ui u UEFI/BIOS

U Biosu odaberite "Integrated Peripherals" i OnChip PATA/SATA Devices, promijenite SATA

Mode iz IDE u AHCI.

Provjera i ukljuivanje "TRIM" funkcije:

Otvoriti "Command Prompt", zatim utipkati "fsutil behavior query DisableDeleteNotify" i

pritisnuti ENTER tipku. Ukoliko dobijete "0" iza znaka jednakosti TRIM radi, ukoliko je "1"
TRIM funkcija ne radi.

Ukljuivanje TRIM funkcije u "Command Prompt-u"

Upisati "fsutil behavior set disabledeletenotify 0" i pritisnuti tipku ENTER

Iskljuivanje "defregmentacije" - trajnost

Upute:
1. Otvoriti "Disk Defragmenter"
2. Kliknuti "Configure schedule button"
3. Kliknuti "Select disks button"
4. Odznaiti kvaicu sa particije na kojoj je SSD

5. Klik OK

Ukoliko SSD nije oznaen kvaicom tada ga je OS prepoznao i odznaio sa liste

defregmentacije.

Iskljuivanje ili smanjenje zauzea "Hibernacije" - oslobaanje prostora

Upute:

1. Win tipka + R te utipkati "CMD"

2. Utipkati:

powercfg -h off(iskljuenje odnosno brisanje datoteke hibernacije)

powercfg -h -size 50(smanjenje zauzea datoteke hibernacije)

Iskljuivanje "indeksiranja diska"(eng. drive indexing) - trajnost

Upute:

1. Win + E

2. Desni klik na SSD particiju, klik "Propertis"

3. Odznait kvaicu sa indeksiranja
5. Kliknut "Apply" i zanemarit upozorenja

Iskljuivanje ili smanjenje ili relokacija "Page file-a" - prostor, trajnost

Upute:

1. Win + Pause Break

2. Klik Advanced System Settings
3. Ispod Performance klik Settings
4. Klik Advanced tab
5. Ispod Virtual memory klik Change
6. Odznait "Automatically manage paging file"
7. Izaberi C: particiju
8. Klik "No paging file" ili naznai "min" "max" vrijednosti
9. Klik "Set"
10. Izaberi Yes za dijaloki okvir
11. Klik OK
12. Klik OK

Promjena lokacije se vri u istom prozoru, zamjenom particija.

Iskljuivanje ili smanjenje "System Protection-a" - prostor

Upute:

1. Start
2. Desni klik Computer
3. Klik Properties
4. Klik System protection
5. Oznai C:
6. Klik the Configure button
7. Klik "Turn off system protection" ili izaberi veliinu.
8. Klik OK

Iskljuivanje "Write Caching-a" - prostor

Upute:

1. Start Menu
2. Desnom tipkom mia kliknite Computer
3. Manage > Device Manager > Disk drives
4. Desni klik na sistemski disk > Properties > Tab Policies

5. Odznaiti Enable write caching > OK

Iskljuivanje "Prefetch i Superfetch" - trajnost

Upute:

1.Otvori Start Menu, utipkaj "Services.msc", pritisni Enter

2.Pronai na list "SuperFetch"
3.Dvostruki klik i izaberi "Disabled" sa liste

Zatim:
Otvori Start Menu, utipkaj regedit, pritisni Enter

Odi na

Kod:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session
Manager\Memory Management\PrefetchParameters

Dvostruki klik na "EnablePrefetcher" i unesi "0" (default vrijednost je "3")

Dvostruki klik na "EnableSuperfetch" i unesi "0" (default vrijednost je "3")

Postavljanje "PC Power opcija" na High - performanse

1. Otvori Start Menu > Control Panel

2. Klik "Power options"
3. Oznai "High performance"

Poruka je ureivana zadnji put pet 21.3.2014 0:55 (Wuk19).

Instalacija & optimizacija SSD-a

- Sve je to divno i krasno, ali bolje da si to stavio sve u temu SSD kola.
Wuk19 kae...
- Gaenje hibernacije uzrokuje i gaenje FAST STARTUP upcije u win 8.
- Ako ugasi indexing, onda ako bude neto morao potraiti u search, to nee moi.
- Ako upali High performace power plan vie nema mogunosti da OS spusti takt procesora
kad nita ne radi,
kod laptopa to bude uzrokovalo poveanu potronju baterije i vie zagrijavanje, dovoljno je
iskljuit gaenje
HDDa (SSDa), dobije se isto.
- Uglavnom, kupio si SSD da bio dobio ubrzanje sustava, a ne da bi izgubio neke od
mogunosti.
- Ima korisnih stvari, ali ima i nepotrebnih, ocijena 3/5.

Instalacija & optimizacija SSD-a

Pozdrav dali mozes ovo pojasniti sto si napisao

-Odspojit ostale diskove iz matine ploe osim SSD-a

Znaci kad to napravim odspojim hdd , napravim install na ssd OS-a i onda kasnije spojim
HDD ili daj malo pojasni ako mozes, hvala ,inace zanimljiv clanak.
Re: Instalacija & optimizacija SSD-a
Znai, prilikom instalacije OS-a, odspojit sekundarne diskove tako da SSD bude jedini spojen
na matinu, nakon instalacije OS-a i zavretka ponovno moe spojit HDD-ove.

Instalacija & optimizacija SSD-a

Mene malo brine ovo:

=========================================================

Iskljuivanje "Write Caching-a" - prostor

Upute:

1. Start Menu
2. Desnom tipkom mia kliknite Computer
3. Manage > Device Manager > Disk drives
4. Desni klik na sistemski disk > Properties > Tab Policies
5. Odznaiti Enable write caching > OK

============================================================

Sta nisu neki korisnici imali problema (sporije brzine) zbog iskljucenog "Enable write
caching"?

Re: Instalacija & optimizacija SSD-a

Napisao sam da se time oslobaa prostor, dakle za korisnike koji imaju SSD-ove malih
kapaciteta. to se tie brzina, da bilo je problema sa degradacijom, meutim kao i sa svim
ostalim optimizacijama vrijedi pravilo probat pa vidjet.

Moje miljenje:

SSD-ovi i pratei FW-ovi su napredovali, te oblik optimizacije koji je gore napisan slui
iskljuivo da korisniku omogui to veu kontrolu.

Danas vie manje svi proizvoai imaju u sklopu svoga softwera ukljuenu i optimizaciju, te
nema potrebe za dodatnim kompliciranjem, pored toga koritenjem vie softwera za
optimizaciju mogu nastati problemi.

SSD i va Windows
0
inShare

Odluili ste da ubrzate rad svog Windows PC-ja ugradnjom SSD-a, izabrali ste odgovarajui
model i sada samo ostaje da ga pustite u pogon. Pomoi emo vam da procedura proe
bezbedno i da napravite dobar balans izmeu bezbednosti i performansi.

SSD kao PCI Express kartica

SSD diskovi nemaju pokretnih delova i esto se nazivaju elektronskim diskovima, za razliku
od tradicionalnih hard-diskova s ploama koje se obru i pokretnim upisno-itajuim
glavama. Od 2010. godine veina SSD diskova koristi flash memoriju baziranu na NAND
tehnologiji (tranzistori vezani u seriju), zahvaljujui kojima je mogue sauvati sadraj bez
napajanja strujom. Tamo gde nije bilo potrebno da se pamti sadraj nakon gubitka napajanja,
RAM memorije su koriene za izradu superbrzih SSD-ova.
Dobro planiranje

Zamenom sistemskog HDD-a novim SSD-om (proitajte kako lako prebaciti Windows 7
sistem s diska na disk u PC #183) znaajno rastu performanse raunara. Operativni sistem se
uitava do tri puta bre, veina aplikacija u deliu sekunde, dok se tamo gde sistem radi s
mnogo malih datoteka dobitak meri klasama razlike. Poslednja generacija SSD diskova je ak
duplo bra od prethodne, uz svega 10% viu cenu. Ako planirate zamenu, obratite panju na
brzinu rada, nove generacije itaju podatke do 550 MB/s! Obratite panju i na brzinu upisa
kod boljih SSD-ova ona je praktino jednaka brzini itanja. Trenutno su u prodaji i sporiji
SSD-ovi nie cene, obino na popustu. Ako ve izdvajate znaajna sredstva, savet je da date
10% vie novca za 100% vee performanse.
U praksi se, pre svega zbog cene (ali ne samo zbog nje) SSD memorija postavljaja za
sistemski disk na kome se nalaze programi i operativni sistem, dok se na klasinom harddisku uva sve ostalo. Preporuka je da se ak i dokumenti (folder My Documents) prebace sa
sistemskog SDD-a na HDD; o razlozima malo kasnije.
SSD memorije imaju i mana, koje se ponekad preutkuju. SSD su relativno novi i stoga
nemaju svi operativni sistemi podrku za njih. Windows 7 (i 8) imaju, ali ve Windows Vista i
posebno stariji kao Windows XP nemaju. Podrka u ovom sluaju nije samo marketinki
prefiks za bolju prodaju operativnog sistema. No poimo redom.
SSD uz stariji Windows

Windows Vista je dizajnirana da pre svega radi efikasno sa hard-diskovima. Kada korisnik ne
radi nita, sistem u pozadini obavlja defragmentaciju, postavlja ee koriene datoteke blie

glavama za itanje, indeksira datoteke Rezultat je teniji rad, ali su ove radnje krajnje
nepoeljne za SSD diskove, ije performanse opadaju upotrebom. Neke od njih su i potpuno
nepotrebne, kao to je defragmentacija SSD diskove nema svrhe defragmentirati (vai i za
USB flash memorije) poto je vreme pristupa, zbog izostanka pokretnih mehanikih delova,
uvek isto. tavie, defragmentacija SSD diskova je tetna intenzivnom upotrebom
performanse kod pojedinih modela opadaju za 15% ve nakon nekoliko meseci rada, dok im
je ivotni vek ogranien brojem itanja i pisanja.

Proverite da li je va disk uravnat: Disk Alignment Test

Ako vaem starom sistemu baziranom na Visti ili XP-u elite da udahnete novi ivot
instaliranjem SSD diska kao sistemskog, morate ga posebno prilagoditi. Najpre iskljuite sve
forme defragmentacije stariji operativni sistemi ne razlikuju SSD od HDD-a i nee se sami
prilagoditi novom hardveru. Desnim klikom na SSD odaberite Properties pa zatim na kartici
Tools otvorite okno Disk Defragmenter i iskljuite schedule (zakazanu) defragmentaciju.
Poeljno je da tzv. page datoteku prebacite na hard-disk ili da je, ako imate etiri ili vie
gigabajta memorije potpuno ukinete. U ali kau da administratori sistema znaju da njihovi
raunari moraju da imaju ovaj fajl, ali ne znaju da objasne emu slui. Page datoteka se
koristi za smetanje sadraja dela fizike RAM memorije kako bi se ukupna virtuelna
memorija poveala. Sadraj datoteke je privremenog karaktera. Svi sistemi, ukljuujui i
Windows 7, kreiraju datoteku na primarnoj particiji i zatim neprekidno piu i itaju iz nje.
Dobro za performanse HDD-a, loe za SSD. Za Windows Vista (slino je i za ostale sisteme)
kliknite na ikonu My Computer, zatim proite kroz sledee dijaloge: Properties / Advanced
System Settings / Advanced / Performance / Settings / Advanced / Change. Za SSD disk
ukljuite opciju No paging file. Pojedine igre zahtevaju postojanje page datoteke, pa ako
imate problema, ukljuite datoteku ponovo, ali je postavite na hard disk tj. na nesistemsku
particiju.
Prefetch tehnika je ugraena kao servis u Windows Vista operativni sistem. Operativni sistem
pokuava da pogodi koju ete datoteku ili program sledee uitati i onda je unapred uitava i
smeta u brzu memoriju, RAM najee, zbog breg uitavanja u sluaju pogotka. Ovaj
proces se odvija neprekidno i nepoeljan je kod SSD diskova zbog ve opisanih razloga.

Otvorite okno Services (Control Panel, ikona Administrative Tools), potraite u listi servis
pod nazivom Superfetch i iskljuite ga.
Osnovna podeavanja

Windows 7 (i budui Windows 8) prepoznaju SSD i sve ove operacije odmah ine umesto vas
(ili bi barem tako trebalo da bude), izuzev premetanja ili iskljuivanja page datoteke. S druge
strane, interesantno je da za dobijanje akreditacije (nalepnice) works with Windows 7 SSD
disk mora da radi istim performansama ak i kada je ceo kapacitet iskorien, to za sada nije
mogue. Ako se takav ureaj pojavi u skorije vreme, njega birajte pre nego one bez takve
nalepnice. Za AMD procesore koristite Windows AHCI drajver (sam se instalira tokom
instaliranja operativnog sistema, a za Intel ipset koristite RST drajver koji moete da
instalirate nakon operativnog sistema.

Izgled tipinog SSD-a ispod poklopca

Za odravanje performansi SSD diska zaduena je komanda specifina za SSD ureaje:
TRIM (pie se velikim slovima iako nije akronim, ve komanda). TRIM je komanda kojom
operativni sistem obavetava SSD o tome koji mu blokovi podataka vie nisu potrebni kako
bi se oni mogli obrisati, odnosno pripremiti za novi upis. Hardverske operacije niskog nivoa
kod SSD diskova se znatno razlikuju od onih kod hard-diskova, a tipian pristup operativnog
sistema brisanju, premetanju ili kopiranju datoteka dovodi do degradacije performansi
SSD-a. Iako Windows 7 podrava komandu TRIM, sve je vei broj novih SSD ureaja koji
interno podravaju slian proces, tako da se mogu koristiti i na drugim operativnim
sistemima. Primeeno je da ova mogunost, ak i kod sistema bez TRIM komande, odrava
performanse SSD-a, ali na tetu breg troenja fle-memorije.
Znajui ovo, postavlja se pitanje da li je obrisana datoteka na SSD disku zaista obrisana, bez
mogunosti vraanja programima tipa Undelete? Ne ba komanda TRIM samo postavlja
oznaku na fizikoj grupi klastera koja kazuje da blok ne mora da se ita/prepie kada se ide

kroz sledei ciklus itanja/izmene/pisanja klastera. Kod ureaja izraenog po specifikacijama,

ova oznaka ini da itanje logikog klastera vrati operativnom sistemu sve nule, to noviji
Undelete programi znaju da zaobiu i vide obrisane datoteke. S druge strane, ako ureaj nije
napravljen po specifikacijama, TRIM implementacija u RAID 3, 5 i 6 nee funkcionisati. SSD
diskovi s TRIM funkcijom esto imaju i vei kapacitet nego to je obeleeno (kao i veina
USB memorija); dodatni kapacitet se koristi za tzv. ujednaeno troenje elija i nije vidljiv
operativnom sistemu. Takoe je zanimljivo da su prve generacije SSD-a unele zabunu meu
inenjere jer su im bezrazlono, tokom upotrebe, brzo padale performanse. Greka je
odmah ispravljena.
Da biste proverili da li je TRIM komanda aktivna, otvorite cmd kao administrator i kucajte
fsutil behavior query disabledeletenotify. Za neaktivnu TRIM komandu odgovor e biti:
DisableDeleteNotify = 1. TRIM komandu moete ukljuiti kucanjem naredbe fsutil behavior
set disabledeletenotify 0.
Reim rada

Vratimo se sad na priu o fizikoj lokaciji foldera My Documents, ali i svih drugih foldera gde
drite dokumente ili neke druge line sadraje. Ako radite sa velikim fajlovima, takvo
premetanje podataka na hard-disk je neophodno jer oni naprosto ne bi stali na SSD, ali ak i
ako datoteke nisu velike, a niste od onih koji prave est backup, dobro je da radne foldere
prebacite na magnetni disk. itanje i pisanje e biti sporije, ali barem delimino moete da se
oslonite na SMART tehnologiju koja najavljuje skori kraj diska. SSD nema takav sistem
kada se pokvari, sve se nepovratno gubi i to je glavni razlog za premetanje foldera
dokumenata. Sreom, ivotni vek SSD-a je vie godina, dovoljno da se pojave nove
generacije, daleko bre, jeftinije i veeg kapaciteta.
Nakon instalacije Windows-a 7 na SSD treba da promenite reim rada s diskovima. Reim
AHCI se odnosi na hardverski mehanizam koji omoguava softveru da radi sa SATA
diskovima koji pruaju mogunosti koje preanji IDE ureaji nisu imali. Dva od njih koji
rade pod AHCI reimom su Hot- plugging i Native Command Queuing oba poboljavaju
multitasking.
Ponimo od izmena u registry bazi. Pokrenite regedit i potraite klju
HLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\msahci. Obeleite klju levim klikom, a onda
kliknite desnim tasterom na Start i iz kontekstnog menija odaberite Modify. U oknu Value
data upiite 0 (trebalo bi da tamo stoji vrednost 3). Zatvorite program i resetujte raunar. Pre
nego to sistem podigne, preite u BIOS/UEFI i ukljuite AHCI (konsultujte uputstvo za
matinu plou). Proverite da li pod AHCI podeavanjima postoje opcije S1 i S3 sleep.
Ukljuite S1 (obavezno) i S3 (poeljno). Proverite i da li je ACPI 2.0 (ako postoji) u BIOS-u
ukljuen, pa ako nije, ukljuite i ovu opciju. Resetujte raunar ponovo, a eventualno i trei
put, ako Windows zatrai restart.
uz utede

Iskljuite Reliability Monitor. Na oknu administrativnih alatki pokrenite Task Scheduler.

Proirite sekciju Schedule Library, kliknite na Microsoft, pa na Windows. U listi pronaite

RAC, kliknite na tu stavku. Gore obeleite View i Show Hidden Tasks, zatim kliknite na RAC.
Ponovo kliknite na View i Show Hidden Tasks, trebalo bi da vidite RACTASK. Desnim
tasterom mia kliknite na RACTASK i na Disable (za ponovno ukljuivanje na Enable).
Podaci o pouzdanosti e se i dalje sakupljati i upisivati u log, ali se nee analizirati
programom Reliability Viewer. Osim to se na ovaj nain rastereuje SSD, oslobaa se i neto
RAM-a.
Indeksiranje diska je gotovo konstantan proces koji pomae brzoj pretrazi datoteka. Ako
vam indeksiranje nije potrebno, iskljuite ga u meniju koji se dobije desnim klikom na
particiju diska. Takoe iskljuite u Windows Storage Manager-u indeksiranje rezervisane
particije. Za one koji imaju hard-disk pretraga datoteka e biti znatno sporija, pa je
meureenje da Indeks servis ostane aktivan, ali da se datoteka s indeksima premesti na
hard-disk. U Indexing Options imate mogunost izbora koje particije e biti indeksirane, izbor
je upravo suprotan eljenom C particija se indeksira, sve druge ne. Ako imate SSD na kome
je samo operativni sistem, ima smisla ukljuiti indeksiranje svih particija osim C.
Smanjite kantu za otpatke. Kliknite desnim tasterom na kantu i birajte Properties. Kliknite
na Custom Size i tu upiite maksimalnu veliinu. U opcijama za podeavanje potronje
energije (za klasine raunare) postavite Power State na High Performanse i ukinite
iskljuivanje hard-diskova nakon nekog vremena.
Za svaki sluaj proverite i iskljuite SuperFetch mehanizam (itanje datoteka s
pretpostavkom unapred). SuperFetch mehanizam je najee odgovoran za ogromno troenje
RAM-a u Visti i Windows-u 7. Na Windows 7 sistemu s 2 GB, iskljuivanjem SuperFetch-a
oslobaa se preko 600 MB RAM. Pokrenite regedit i otvorite klju
HLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory
Management\PrefetchPerameters. Desnim tasterom kliknite na EnableSuperfetch i promenite
vrednost na 0. Iskljuite SuperFetch i u servisima, na tabli administrativnih alatki odaberite
Services, dva puta kliknite na SuperFetch, zatim Startup Type i odaberite Disabled. Na
sistemima sa hard-diskom nije preporuljivo iskljuivanje SuperFetch mehanizma. Uz
prethodnu opciju, kompenzujte gubitak ukljuivanjem opcije LargeSystemCache: potraite
klju HLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management,
kliknite desnim tasterom na LargeSystemCache i promenite vrednost na 1.
Iskljuite kreiranje naziva datoteka u starom 8+3 stilu. Ako ne koristite MS-DOS ili
Windows 3.x aplikacije, moete iskljuiti formiranje imena datoteka i foldera u formatu 8 za
ime + 3 za ekstenziju. U grani HLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Filesystem kliknite
na NtfsDisable8dot3NameCreation promenite vrednost na 1.
Iskljuite zapisivanje podatka o poslednjem datumu i vremenu pristupa. NTFS sistem pri
svakom pristupu direktorijumu belei datum i vreme pristupa, to za kune raunare nije
posebno bitno. Kod velikih particija proces osveavanja ovih podataka zna da potraje due
nego to je poeljno. U grani HLM\SYSTEM\CurrentContolSet\Control\Filesystem postavite
klju NtfsDisableLastAccessUpdate na 1.

Omoguite keiranje datoteka sistemom write back na sistemskom disku. Desnim tasterom
mia kliknite na C disk, zatim na Hardware, oznaku vaeg diska, birajte Properties / Change
Settings / Policies i ukljuite Better Perfomance, a u oknu ispod ukljuite Enable write
caching for this device.
Primeeno je da kod veoma brzih SSD diskova uitavanje Windows-a 7 zastane kako bi se
prikazala grafika animacija. Podizanje sistema moete ubrzati za oko dva sekunda
uklanjanjem animacije. U Start meniju potraite (ili ukucajte u Search polje) msconfig.
Kliknite na boot karticu i overite No GUI boot. Potvrdite izmene klikom na OK.
Danas ili sutra?

SSD diskovi su i dalje prilino skupi, ali su po svim tehnikim parametrima isped
hard-diskova. Vreme ekanja na procesor, na svapovanje na optike ureaje je prolo,
problem ekanja na hard-disk je ostao. SSD daje novi ivot vaem raunaru u pravom smislu
rei. Novi ureaji dostiu brzine i itanja i pisanja od 550 MB/s, oekuju se uskoro modeli s
transferom od 740 MB/s, dok poslednji predstavljeni imaju kapacitet 12 TB i transfer do 7,2
GB/s (angaovanjem PCI Express x16 slota ako menjate matinu plou, pazite na broj i
vrstu PCI Express slotova). Valja imati na umu da su testovi kojima se mere performanse SSD
diskova dizajnirani za prikazivanje loih osobina hard-diskova; novi testovi e prikazati i one
loe osobine SSD-a, kao to je fenomen write amplification zbog nemogunosti izvravanja
TRIM funkcije ili zbog ujednaenog troenja elija. U svakom sluaju, dobitak u brzini je i
te kako vidljiv. SSD je definitivno tu i sada moramo da traimo novu najslabiju kariku
raunara Moda veze sa spoljnim svetom?
Uravnati sektori

Drive alignment nazivaju jednom od najbolje uvanih Windows tajni. Krenimo od klasinih
hard-diskova. Kod neuravnatih particija e, u najgorem sluaju (sluajni zapis 4 KB),
sistem prvo proitati dva susedna bloka od po 4 KB u kojima je upisan sadraj ukupne
veliine 4 KB. Dva bloka se spajaju u memoriji raunara i u sledeoj revoluciji se zatim piu
nazad na plou diska u dva sektora. Ova operacija traje duplo due nego pisanja na uravnati
4 KB sektor (kod njega ne postoji prva operacija itanja).
SSD diskovi nemaju rotacionih ploa, takoe mogu biti neuravnati gde je princip isti broj
itanja i pisanja je vei, ime se troe memorijske elije i javljaju opisani efekti. Tipian SSD
ima NAND erase block veliine 512 KB i page size od 4 KB. Kod SSD se raspoloiv prostor
isti da bi se mogao ponovo koristiti, pa se i broj operacija itanja/pisanja bespotrebno
uveava. itanje podataka i pisanje velikog bloka obavlja se istom brzinom i kod uravnatih
i neuravnatih diskova. Kod neuravnatih particija upis malih blokova je upola sporiji nego
to je to mogue (otud se neki korisnici ale na lane reklamne podatke o brzini rada s
datotekama male veliine).
Kako ete proveriti da li je va disk neuravnat? Preuzmite besplatni Disk Alignement Test
sa adrese diskat.net ili naprosto testirajte svoj SSD ako se brzina upisa malih datoteka
mnogo razlikuje od one u specifikaciji, najverovatnije va SSD nije uravnat.

Anomaliju moete popraviti i na SSD-u s ve instaliranim Windows-om. Za poetak napravite

kopiju particije (u PC#183 smo objasnili kako napraviti sliku itave particije Windows 7
sistema). Za svaki sluaj iskljuite sve hard-diskove i ostavite samo SSD i DVD. Upotrebite
butabilni Windows 7 DVD i pokrenite sistem s njega. Na ekranu gde je taster Install now
kliknite na Repair your computer. Otvorie se prozor System Recovery Options prozor, a
instalacioni program e pronai instalacije Windows-a. Kada zavri rad, dobiete dijalog u
kojem ete odabrati Use recovery tools that can help fix problems starting Windows. Select an
operating system to repair. Oznaite sistem i kliknite na Next. Zatim izaberite komandnu
liniju (Command Prompt) i otkucajte diskpart ime ete uitati odgovarajui program.
Kucajte komandu list disk kako biste videli sve rasploive diskove. SSD bi trebalo da ima
oznaku disk 0, ako je oznaka razliita, kucajte select disk 0 (ili odgovarajui broj).
Moete proveriti da li ste odabrali pravi disk komandom list partition. Kada ste sigurni da ste
odabrali pravu particiju, kucajte komandu clean, zatim create parititon primary align=1024 i
onda format quick fs=ntfs. Poto je re o brzom formatiranju, operacija bi trebalo da se zavri
za manje od pola minuta. Konano, kucajte active. Moete proveriti ta ste uradili ponovo
kucajui komandu list partition. S dve uzastopne komande exit vratite se do dijaloga na kome
se nalazi taster Restart. Ponovo podignite sistem sa DVD-a i nastavite instalaciju biranjem
opcije Custom (advanced). Na ovom koraku moete vratiti sliku particije, ali je ipak generalni
savet da ponovo instalirate Microsoft Windows.
Bri rad

Instalirali ste Windows 7 na SSD, ta jo moete (a ne morate) da uradite? SSD diskovi ne

zahtevaju zbunjujua podeavanja; dovoljno je da promenite u BIOS/UEFI nain rada s
diskovima na AHCI. Zahvaljujui brzini itanja/pisanja, posebno datoteka male veliine,
dodatna podeavanja e iz vaeg sistema izvui maksimum.
Iskljuite page datoteku ili je premestite na drugi disk; ako imate 4 GB ili vie sistemskog
RAM-a, slobodno iskljuite swap fajl. Ako je va raunar klasian stoni PC i/ili ne koristite
reim hibernacije, uklonite datoteku Hibernation. Otvorite komandnu liniju (cmd) kao
administrator i kucajte powercfg-h off, pritisnite taster Enter i na kraju Exit.
Neki korisnici SSD-ova veeg kapaciteta dobrovoljno se odriu dela prostora radi poveanja
ivotnog veka ureaja (shrink volume). Ako se odluite na to, otvorite Control Panel, birajte
ikonu Administrative Tools, kliknite na Computer Management, zatim Storage i Disk
Management. Desnim tasterom kliknite na C i na Shrink Volume. Odvojte najmanje 25%
slobodnog prostora.
Nasuprot tome, ako je prostor na SSD-u tesan (a obino jeste), dobiete lep bonus u
gigabajtima ako ukinete opciju System Protection (backup SSD diskova je fantastino brz,
tako da kopiju moete praviti i sami). Izaberite Control Panel / System / System Protection i
ukinite ovu opciju za sve diskove, a obavezno za SSD (verovatno je to C: particija). Time
ostajete bez System Restore mehanizma.

Windows problemi

Da biste instalirali Windows 7 na nekim raunarima, moraete da fiziki iskljuite

hard-diskove i ostavite aktivnim samo SSD i (naravno) DVD. Podesite BIOS/UEFI tako da se
sistem podie s DVD-a, proite proceduru instalacije Windows-a i onda reaktivirajte
hard-diskove i postavite SSD kao prvi boot ureaj. Pre svega toga pogledajte da li za vau
plou postoji noviji BIOS na sajtu proizvoaa podrka za SSD je esto dodavana nakon
promocije osnovne verzije BIOS-a.

How to Update SSD Firmware

Your manufacturer may have specific requirements for updating the firmware on your SSD
and you will need to refer to the SSD user manual for any specific requirements. The
following are common steps for upgrading your SSD firmware.
1. Go to the manufacturers website and download the latest update for your SSD
firmware.
2. After successful download, you may need to extract compressed file contents. Files
with the extensions .zip, .rar or .7z will need to be extracted before you can
install the update.
3. You may need to burn the file to a CD/DVD before installing. You will notice a file
extension of .iso at the end of your downloaded file if this is necessary. If the
downloaded file is executable (noted by the file extension .exe), open it and follow
the on-screen instructions.
4. If your computer needs to install from an .iso image, restart your computer with the
burned CD/DVD inserted to the CD-ROM and follow the on-screen instructions.
5. Ensure you are using the latest version of firmware by locating your SSDs properties
and checking the version number.
How to Maximize the Life Expectancy of an SSD
To maximize the life expectancy of your SSD, you may want to modify features on your
computer that are automatically formatted for HDDs. The following are some steps you can
take on your Windows OS to improve the performance of your SSD, which contributes to the
overall life expectancy.
Ensure that TRIM is enabled The TRIM feature automatically deletes blocks of data that are
no longer in use on your SSD. When enabled, TRIM helps keep your SSD organized and
prevents unnecessary space from being eaten up. Heres how to enable TRIM on your
Windows system.
1. Check if your system supports TRIM (WIN+R, type cmd and press enter). In the
command prompt, type fsutil behavior query disabledeletenotify. You will get one of
the following: DisableDeleteNotify = 1 (Means that Windows TRIM commands are
disabled); DisableDeleteNotify = 0 (Means that Windows TRIM commands are
enabled).
2. If TRIM is disabled on your system, you may need to go to your Device Manager and
enable it for your SSD to run correctly.
3. If you run an older system (OS before Windows 7 or Mac OS X Snow Leopard
v10.6.6), you may need to install software updates or third party tools before you can
allow the TRIM feature to work with your SSD.

Eliminate Windows OS Features Windows automatically enables features for hard drives
that will not be necessary for your solid state drive. Here are some of the more common OS
features you can turn off to have your SSD performing optimally.
1. Paging With paging, memory is swapped to the hard disk drive to ensure your
computers internal memory does not overfill. If you have sufficient memory that can
handle multiple programs, you may not need this feature. There are two options for
removing this feature.
Disable paging file:
a) Open Start Menu and right click on Computer.
b) Choose Properties.
c) Choose Advanced system settings on the left.
d) Click the Settings button under Performance.
e) Choose Advanced option on top.
f) Click Change under Virtual memory.
g) Choose your SSD drive and select No paging file and click the Set button.
h) Click OK to save the change.
You can also move the file from your SSD to your HDD. Heres how.
a) Disable paging file as described above.
b) Choose your preferred hard drive. Select System managed size and click the
Set button.
c) Click OK to save the option.
1

Hibernation Since Windows hibernation feature writes memory to your SSD, it is

recommended that you consider using the sleep or shutdown functions instead. You
can turn off hibernation by doing the following.
a) Open Start Menu and type cmd in the search box.
b) Right click cmd.exe (Command Prompt) and click Run as administrator.
c) Type powercfg.exe /hibernate off and press Enter.
d) Type exit and press Enter to close the Command Prompt window.

SuperFetch and Defragment SSD manufacturers recommend to turn off these

Windows features since SSDs do not need defragmentation and SuperFetch is
rendered useless by an SSDs amazing speed. Here is how to disable these features.
Disable SuperFetch:
a) Type services.msc in the Start Menus search box and hit enter.
b) Locate SuperFetch in the list and open Properties.
c) Click Stop to turn off the feature.
d) Change the selection on Startup type drop-down menu from Automatic to
Disabled.
e) Click OK to save the change.
Disable defragmentation:

a) Type defrag in the Start Menus search box and hit enter.
b) Open Disk Defragmenter and click Modify Schedule.
c) Uncheck the selection box next to Run on a schedule (recommended) to
disable automatic defragmentation.
d) Click OK to save the change.
1

Search Indexing Windows search indexer speeds up searching for files on a hard
drive. With an SSD, this may not be necessary. Here are some steps you can take to
remove this feature.
Disable search indexing:
a) Type services.msc in the Start Menus search box and hit enter.
b) Locate Windows Search in the list and right click to open Properties.
c) Click Stop to turn off the feature.
d) Change the selection on Startup type drop-down menu from Automatic to
Disabled.
e) Click OK to save the change.
Move search indexing to another drive:
a) Type index in the Start Menus search box and hit enter.
b) Click Advanced button.
c) Click Select New and choose a different drive to house the search indexing
feature.
d) Click OK to save the change.
Trim down indexed locations:
a) Type index in the Start Menus search box and hit enter.
b) Click Modify button.
c) Uncheck all boxes you do not want to have search indexing.
d) Click OK to save the change.

(Placeholder for ads I too wish this site could exist without them...)

Rufus
Create bootable USB drives the easy way

Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives, such as USB
keys/pendrives, memory sticks, etc.
It can be especially useful for cases where:

you need to create USB installation media from bootable ISOs (Windows, Linux,
UEFI, etc.)

you need to work on a system that doesn't have an OS installed

you need to flash a BIOS or other firmware from DOS

you want to run a low-level utility

Despite its small size, Rufus provides everything you need!

Oh, and Rufus is fast. For instance it's about twice as fast as UNetbootin, Universal USB
Installer or Windows 7 USB download tool, on the creation of a Windows 7 USB installation
drive from an ISO. It is also marginally faster on the creation of Linux bootable USB from
ISOs. (1)
A non exhaustive list of Rufus supported ISOs is also provided at the bottom of this page. (2)

Download
Last updated 2016.05.17:

Rufus 2.9 (911 KB)

Rufus 2.9 Portable (911 KB)

Other versions

Supported Languages:
Azrbaycanc
Bahasa
, Bahasa Indonesia ,
a
Malaysia

etin Dans Deutsc

,
,
,
,

a
k
h

Englis Espa Franai Hrvats Italian Latvie Lietuvi Magya Nederland

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

h
ol
s
ki
o
u

r
s
Nors Polsk Portugu Portugus do Romn Slovensk Slovenin Srpsk
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
k
i
s
Brasil

y
a
i

Suom
Trk
, Svenska , Ting Vit ,
, , , , , , ,
i
e

System Requirements:

Windows XP or later, 32 or 64 bit doesn't matter. Once downloaded, the application is ready
to use.
I will take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the translators who made it possible for
Rufus, as well as this webpage, to be translated in various languages. If you find that you can
use Rufus in your own language, you should really thank them!

Usage

Download the executable and run it no installation is necessary.

The executable is digitally signed and the signature should state:

"Akeo Consulting" (v1.3.0 or later)

"Pete Batard - Open Source Developer" (v1.2.0 or earlier)

Notes on DOS support:

If you create a DOS bootable drive and use a non-US keyboard, Rufus will attempt to select a
keyboard layout according to the locale of your system. In that case, FreeDOS, which is the
default selection, is recommended over MS-DOS, as it supports more keyboard layouts.
Notes on ISO Support:

All versions of Rufus since v1.1.0 allow the creation of a bootable USB from an ISO image
(.iso).
Creating an ISO image from a physical disc or from a set of files is very easy to do however,
through the use of a CD burning application, such as the freely available CDBurnerXP or
ImgBurn.
Notes on UEFI & GPT support:

Since version 1.3.2, Rufus support UEFI as well as GPT for installation media, meaning that
it will allow you to install Windows 7, Windows 8 or Linux in full EFI mode.
However, Windows Vista or later is required for full UEFI/GPT support. Because of OS
limitations, Windows XP restricts the creation of UEFI bootable drives to MBR mode.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

A Rufus FAQ is available HERE.

To provide feedback, report a bug or request an enhancement, please use the github issue
tracker. Or you can send an e-mail.