Calculation of Continuous Current Carrying Capacity

SPEC. NO.
: TEX-B0302A-TC#3-1
CALCULATION OF CONTINUOUS CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY

No
Description
Calculation Condition
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.1.5
1.1.6
1.1.7
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.2.6
1.2.7
General Condition
IEC Standard
System Voltage
Power Frequency
Max. Temperature of Conductor under Normal Operation
Nominal Cross-sectional Area of Conductor
Material of Conductor
Sheath-bonding Method
Installation Condition
Laying Method
Axial Distance between Cables
Formation of Cables
Ambient Temperature
Bureid Depth of Cables
Soil Thermal Resistivity
Axcial Distance between each Circuits
Continuous Current Rating
Unit
text
kV
Hz
text
text
text
mm
text
mm
K.m/W
[mm]
for one circuit

for two circuits
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
Value
AC Resistance of Conductor at Max. Operating Temperature

DC Resistance of Conductor at 20
DC Resistance of Conductor at Max. Temperature
Skin Effect Factor
Proximity Effect Factor
Dielectric Loss
Relative Permittivity of Insulation
Rated Voltage between Conductor and Metallic Sheath
Dielectric Loss Factor
Capacitance between Conductor and Metallic Sheath
Loss Factor for Metallic Sheath
Resistance of Metallic Sheath at Max. Operating Temperaure
Loss Factor by Circulating Current
Loss Factor by Eddy Current
Thermal Resistance
Thermal Resistance between Conductor and Metallic Sheath
Thermal Resistance of Outer Covering
Thermal Resistance of Cable Surface and Surrounding Medium
A
A
/m
/m
/m
W/m
V
F/m
/m
-
IEC 287
132
50
90
630
Copper
Cross Bonding
Direct Burial
91
Trefoil Formation
35
1300
1.80
1350
588
525
3.91E-05
2.83E-05
3.61E-05
0.060
0.024
0.377
2.5
76000
0.001
2.08E-10
0.177
1.04E-04
0.03
0.117
K.m/W
K.m/W
0.46
0.087
for one circuit K.m/W

for two circuits K.m/W
2.905
3.743
for one circuit

for two circuits
134.4
120.0
Power Capacity
MVA
MVA
SPEC. NO.: TEX-B0302A-TC#3-4
CALCULATION OF SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RATING
No
Description
Unit
Value
1.2.5
Bureid Depth of Cables
mm
1300
1.2.6
Soil Thermal Resistivity
K.m/W
1.80
Short-circuit Rating for Conductor
kA
90.8
Short-circuit Rating for Metallic Sheath
kA
43.5
<DATA FILL-UP SHEET>

1.1 General Condition
(Data Fill-Up) !!!!!
1) Standard
IEC 287(1993)
2) Cable Type
132kV 1Cx630sqmm XLPE Cable
3) Nominal System Volatge (U)
[kV]
132
4) Phase-to-Earth Volatge (Uo)
[kV]
76
5) Max. System Volatge (Um)
[kV]
145
6) Frequency
[Hz]
50
7) Maximum Operating Conductor Temperature
[]
90
8) Maximum Short Circuit Temperature
[]
250
9) Duration time of short circuit
[sec]
10) Min. Short Circuit Current
[kA]
40
10) Nominal Cross Section Area
[mm2]
630
11) Material of Conductor
Copper
12) Sheath Bonding Method
Cross Bonding
Direct Burial
[mm]
91
1.2 Installation Condition

1) Cable Laying Method
2) Number of Circuit
3) Axial Cable Distance of Phase
4) Cable Arrangement
Trefoil Formation
5) Ambient Temperature
[]
6) Depth of Cable Center
[mm]
1300
[K.m/W]
1.80
8) Axcial Distance between each Circuits
[mm]
600
8) Distance between group centre cable of each circuit
[mm]
1350
7) Soil Thermal Resistivity
35
1.3 Cable Construction data

CABLE CONSTRUCTION DATA
630.0
[SQmm]
30.30
[mm]
33.60
[mm]
65.60
[mm]
69.20
[mm]
[mm]
[mm]
69.20
[mm]
CWS
72.60
[mm]
CWS
73.80
[mm]
Sheath
78.20
[mm]
Sheath
78.20
[mm]
86.20
[mm]
91.00
[mm]
0.0283
[Ohm/km]
: Copper:
0.00393
Lead
Diameter of Wire
Number of Wires
Metallic Layer
: Copper:
: AL :
1.7
72
3.93E-03
4.03E-03
CWS
1st
2nd
Round Compact(Ks)=
1.000
Round Segmental(Ks)=
Round Compact(Ks)=
0.435
1
Round Compact(Kp)=
1.00
Round Segmental(Kp)=
Round Compact(Kp)=
0.37
: AL:
: Cu:
AL Sheath() =
2nd Copper Wire() =
3th Lead Sheath () =
1st
4.03E-03
3.93E-03
: Lead:
: AL:
: Cu:
: Steel
2.84 E-08 [.m]

1.7241
"
21.4
"
Lead Sheath() =
AL Sheath() =
Copper Wire() =
Steel () =
1
4.00E-03
4.03E-03
3.93E-03
4.50E-03
21.4
2.84
1.7241
13.8
< >
( 1 )-!!!
( 2)
: dp1 :
91
: dp:
91
: d'p1 :
2601.6
: dp2 :
91
: dp:
91
: d'p:
2521.6
: dp:
###
: d'p:
2888.8
: dp:
: dp5 :
###
: d'p:
: d'p5 :
2929.6
: d'p1 :
2601.6
: d'p2 :
2521.6
1259
###
* Distance between group centre of each circuit :
2838.7
1350
( 2(b) )
XLPE(Direct Burial)Page7
CALCULATION OF CONTINUOUS CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY

1. Calculation Condition
1.1 General Condition
1) Standard
IEC 287(1993)
2) System Volatge
[kV]
132
3) Frequency
[Hz]
50
4) Maximum Operating Conductor Temperature
[]
90
[mm2]
630
5) Nominal Cross Section Area

6) Material of Conductor
Copper
7) Sheath Bonding Method
Cross Bonding
Direct Burial
[mm]
91
1.2 Installation Condition

1) Cable Laying Method
2) Number of Circuit
3) Axial Cable Distance of Phase
4) Cable Arrangement
5) Ambient Temperature
[]
6) Depth of Cable Center
[mm]
7) Soil Thermal Resistivity
Trefoil Formation
35
1300
[K.m/W]
1.8
8) Axcial Distance between each Circuits
[mm]
600
8) Distance between centre cable of each circuit
[mm]
1350
2. Calculation Procedure
2.1 Conductor Resistance
1) D.C Resistance of Conductor at Maximum Temperature
Rx = Ro [ 1 + (Tmax - 20)] =
Where,
3.61E-05
[/m]
Ro : DC resistance of Conductor at 20 [/m]
2.83E-05
: Temperature Coefficient
3.93E-03
Tmax : Maximum Conductor Temperature []
90
2) Skin Effect Factor

s =
Where,
Xs/ ( 192 + 0.8Xs) =
0.060
Xs = (8f / Rx) x 10-7 * Ks =
3.481
f : System Frequency
50
Ks : Constant for Conductor
3) Proximity Effect Factor

p = [ Xp4/(198+0.8Xp4) ] * (d1/S)2 * { 0.312*(d1/s)2 + 1.18 / [ Xp4/(192+0.8Xp4) + 0.27 ] }
=
Where,
0.024
Xp= (8f / Rx) x 10-7 x Kp
3.481
d1 : Conductor Diameter (mm)
30.3
Kp : Constant
S : Axial Distance of Conductors (mm)
91
4) AC Resistance at Maximum Conductor Temperature

R = Rx (1 + s + p) =
3.91E-05
[/m]
2.2 Metallic Layer Resistance

1) Metallic Shield (Copper Wires) Resistance at Operating Temperature
Rsc = [(1+Zk) * {1 + s (Tmax-20)}] / [{58*(/4) * {Cwd2 * Nw * s}]
=
Where,
1.33E-04
[/m]
s : Temperature Coefficient
3.93E-03
Tmax : Assumed Metallic Shield Temperature []
70
Zk : Stranding effect factor
0.05
Cwd : Diameter of Metallic Shield [mm]
1.70
Nw : Number of Metallic Shield
72
s : Conductivity of metallic shield
2) Metallic Sheath (Lead Alloy) Resistance at Operating Temperature

RsL = [40*s {1 + s (Tmax-20)}] / [ * {ds22-ds12}]*10-3
=
Where,
4.89E-04
[/m]
s : Temperature Coefficient
0.004
Tmax : Assumed Metallic Shield Temperature []

ds2 : Outer diameter of the metallic sheath [mm]
70
ds1 : Outer diameter of the metallic sheath [mm]
73.80
s : Conductivity of metallic shield
21.4
78.20
3) Equivalent Resistance of Metallic Layer at Operating Temp.

Rs =
=
Where,
(Rsc * RsL) / (Rsc + RsL)
[/m]
1.04E-04
Rsc : Resistance of metallic shield at Operating temp.

RsL : Resistance of metallic sheath at Operating temp.
1.33E-04
4.89E-04
2.3 Capacitance and Dielectric Loss

1) Capacitance
C = / {18 Ln (d2 / d3)} * 10-9
=
Where,
[F/m]
2.08E-10
: Relative Permittivity of Insulation

d2 : External Diameter of Insulation [mm]
2.5
d3 : Diameter of Conductor Screen
33.6
[mm]
65.6
2) Dielectric Loss per Unit Length in each phase

Wd = * C * Uo2 * Tan
=
Where,
[W/m]
0.377
Uo : Phase-to-earth Voltage [V]
76000
Tan : Power Factor
0.001
f : System Frequency
50
2.4 Metallic Layer Loss Factor

s = 1 + 2 =
0.177
1 : Loss Factor in Metallic Shield
0.119
2 : Loss Factor in Metallic Sheath
0.058
1) Loss Factor in Metallic Shield (1)

Circulating Current Loss Factor
11 =
0.03
Eddy Current Loss Factor

12 = ( Rsc/R ) * {gs*o*(1 + +) + [(1 * ts)4 /(12*1012)]}
=
Where,
0.089
gs = 1 + (ts/Ds)1.74 * (1 * Ds * 10-3 - 1.6) =
= [ (4**)/ (107*s) ]1/2
1.012
138.34
s : Electric Resistivity of Metallic Shield at Operating Temperature
2.06E-08
Ds : External Diameter of Metallic Shield [mm]
72.6
ts : Thickness of Metallic Shield [mm]
1.70
Cables are installed in Trefoil Formation

o = 3 * [ m2 / (1 + m2) ] * ( ds / 2S )2 =
0.024
= (1.14m2.45 + 0.33) * ( ds / 2S )(0.92m+1.66) =
0.062
m = (/Rsc)*10-7 =
0.237
Rsc : Resistance of Metallic Shield at Operating Temperature [/m]
1.33E-04
ds : Mean Diameter of Metallic Shield [mm]
70.9
S : Distance between Conductor Axes [mm]
91
Loss Factor for Metallic Shield

1 = 11 + 12 =
0.119
2) Loss Factor in Metallic Sheath (2)

Circulating Current Loss Factor
21 =
0.03
Eddy Current Loss Factor

22 = ( RsL/R ) * {gs*o*(1 + +) + [(1 * ts)4 /(12*1012)]}
=
0.028
Where,
gs = 1 + (ts/Ds)1.74 * (1 * Ds * 10-3 - 1.6) =

= [ (4**)/ (107*s) ]1/2
1.003
39.21
s : Electric Resistivity of Metallic Sheath at Operating Temperature
2.57E-07
Ds : External Diameter of Metallic Sheath [mm]
78.2
ts : Thickness of Metallic Sheath [mm]
2.2
Cables are installed in Trefoil Formation

o = 3 * [ m2 / (1 + m2) ] * ( ds / 2S )2 =
0.002
= (1.14m2.45 + 0.33) * ( ds / 2S )(0.92m+1.66) =
0.074
m = (/RsL)*10-7 =
0.064
RsL : Resistance of Metallic Sheath at Operating Temperature [/m]
4.89E-04
ds : Mean Diameter of Metallic Sheath [mm]
76.0
S : Distance between Conductor Axes [mm]
91
Loss Factor for Metallic Sheath

2 = 21 + 22 =
0.058
3) Loss Factor in Armouring

a =
Therefore, Total Metallic Layer Loss Factor

= s + a
0.177
2.5 Thermal Resistance

1) Thermal Resistance between Conductor and Metallic Shield [K.m/W]
T1 = ( t1 / 2 ) * Ln [ 1 + (2 t1 / dc ) ] =
0.46
t1 : Thermal Resistivity of Insulation [K.m/W]
3.5
dc : Diameter of Conductor [mm]
30.3
t1 : Thickness of Insulation [mm]
19.5
2) Thermal Resistance of Outer Covering [K.m/W]

T3 = ( t3 / 2 ) * Ln [1 + 2*(ts/d3)] * 1.6 =
t3 : Thermal Resistivity of Covering [K.m/W]
0.087
3.5
t3 : Thickness of Covering [mm]
4.0
d3 : Internal Diameter of Covering [mm]
78.2
3) External Thermal Resistance [K.m/W]
T41 =
(1.5/)*t*{LN(2U) - 0.630}
(1cct)
T42 =
(t/2*)*LN((2U)*[(d'p/dp)(d'p/dp).....
(2cct's)
.... (d'pk/dpk).......(d'pq/dpq)]
=
Where,
2.905
( for 1 circuit )
3.743
( for 2 circuits )
2U = 2(2L/De) =
55.14
L : Buried Depth of Centre of Trefoil Group [mm]
1255
De : External Diameter of One Cable [mm]
91
t : Thermal Resistivity of Soil [K.m/W]
1.80
dpk : Distance form Center of p-th Cable to Center of Cable k [mm]

d'pk : Distance form Center of p-th Cable to Center of Reflection
of Cable k in ground-air Surface [mm]
3. Current-carrying Capacity
I = { - Wd [0.5 T1 + n (T2 + T3 + T4)] } / { R [T1 + n (1 + s) T2 + n (1 +s +a) (T3 + T4)] }0.5
P =
1cct
588
[A]
2cct
525
[A]
(3)1/2 * E * I *10-3
1cct
134.4
[MVA]
2cct
120.0
[MVA]
2cct
#REF!
[MVA]
Short Circuit Current 12Page
CALCULATION FOR SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT OF CONDUCTOR

I. CALCULATION CONDITION
1) Standard
2) Type of Cable
3) Operating Temperature
[]
[]
[sec]
IEC 949(1988)
(CU/XLPE/CWS/LEAD/HDPE)
90
250
1.0
II. CALCULATION PROCEDURE

Conductor Short Circuit Capacity is calculated using the following formula per 1 phase.
1. Permissible short circuit current
I = e x Iad
2. Calculation of adiabatic short circuit current for conductor
qf + b
Iad2 x t = K2S2 loge
qi + b
Where,
Iad ; Short circuit current calculated on an adiabatic
basis
t ; Duration time of short circuit
K ; Constant depending on the material of the current
carrying component
sc(b+20) 1/2
K=
[Amp]
[sec]
1.0
[As1/2/mm2]
226
r20 x 1012
S ; Geometrical cross sectional area of the current
carrying component
qf ; Final tempeature
qi ; Initial temperature
b ; Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance
of the current carrying component at 20oC
sc; Volumetric specific heat of the current carrying
component at 20oC
r20 ; Electrical resistivity of the current carrying
Iad =
90.1 [kA]
3. Calculation of non-adiabatic factor for conductor

e = (1 + X.Z + Y.M) =
1.008
Where,
X, Y = Incorporating the thermal contact factor of 0.7
X=
0.41
,
Y = 0.12
Z = (t/S) =
0.0398
M = (t/S) =
0.0016
III. RESULT
[K]
[J/K.m3]
[W.m]
component at 20oC
Therefore,
[mm2]
[oC]
[oC]
630
250
90
234.5
3.45E+06
1.7241E-08
Short Circuit Current 13Page
The result of calculation for the conductor short circuit current is as following;
I = e x Iad =
90.8
[kA]
Earthfault Current 14Page
CALCULATION OF METALLIC SHIELD EARTH FAULT CURRENT

I. CALCULATION CONDITION
1) Standard
2) Type of Cable
3) Operating Temperature
[]
[]
[sec]
IEC 949(1988)
(CU/XLPE/CWS/LEAD/HDPE)
70
250
1.0
II. CALCULATION PROCEDURE

A. Lead Alloy
1. Permissible metallic shield earthfault current
I = x Iad
2. Calculation of adiabatic earthfault current for metallic shield
f +
i +
Where,
Iad ; Earthfault current calculated on an adiabatic
basis
t ; Duration of earthfault
carrying component
c(+20)
K=
[Amp]
[sec]
1.0
[As1/2/mm2]
1/2
41
20 x 1012
carrying component
f ; Final temperature
i ; Initial temperature
; Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance
c ; Volumetric specific heat of the current carrying
component at 20oC
20 ; Electrical resistivity of the current carrying
component at 20oC
Therefore,
Iad =
14.8
525.3
250
70
[mm2]
[oC]
[oC]
[K]
230
[J/K.m3]
1.45E+06
1.45E+06
[W.m]
2.14E-07
2.1400E-07
[kA]

= 1 + 0.61P - 0.069P2 + 0.0043P3 =
Where, P = M (t) =
[
1.118
0.1984
(2/2) + (3/3) ].F
M=
979.8
=
0.1984
[S-1/2]
21 x 10-3
F : Factor to account for imperfect thermal contact between
Sheath(shield) material and non-metallic materials.
0.7
1 :
1.45E+06
2,3 ; Volumetric specific heat of media either side of the shield [J/K.m ]
2 :
1 ; Volumetric specific heat of shield(sheath)
[J/K.m3]
2,3 ; Thermal resistivity of the media either side of shield [J/K.m3]

; Thickness of the shield(sheath)
[mm]
2.40E+06
2 :
2.5
2.20
2.2
4. Results
I = x Iad =
16.5
[kA]
B. Copper Wire
1. Permissible metallic shield earthfault current
I = x Iad
2. Calculation of adiabatic earthfault current for metallic shield
f +
i +
Where,
Iad ; Earthfault current calculated on an adiabatic
[Amp]
basis
t ; Duration of earthfault
carrying component
c(+20)
K=
[sec]
1.0
[As1/2/mm2]
1/2
226
20 x 1012
carrying component
f ; Final temperature
i ; Initial temperature
; Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance
c ; Volumetric specific heat of the current carrying
component at 20oC
20 ; Electrical resistivity of the current carrying
component at 20oC
Therefore,
Iad =
25.2
[mm2]
[oC]
[oC]
163.4
250
70
[K]
234.5
[J/K.m3]
3.45E+06
3.45E+06
[W.m]
1.72E-08
1.7241E-08
[kA]

= 1 + 0.61P - 0.069P2 + 0.0043P3 =
Where, P = M (t) =
[ (2/2) +
1.070
0.1169
(3/3) ].F
M=
979.8
=
0.1169
[S-1/2]
21 x 10-3
F : Factor to account for imperfect thermal contact between
Sheath(shield) material and non-metallic materials.
2,3 ; Volumetric specific heat of media either side of the shield [J/K.m3]
1 ; Volumetric specific heat of shield(sheath)
[J/K.m3]
2,3 ; Thermal resistivity of the media either side of shield [J/K.m3]
0.7
1 :
3.45E+06
2 :
2.40E+06
2 :
2.5
1.7
; Thickness of the shield(sheath)
[mm]
1.70
4. Results
I = x Iad =
27.0
[kA]
III. CALCULATION RESULTS

Components
Matallic Sheath
(Lead Alloy)
Matallic Shield
(Copper Wires)
Total
Earthfault Current (kA)

16.5
kA/1sec
27.0
kA/1sec
43.5
kA/1sec
Remarks
828.08
3 :
2.40E+06
3 :
3.5
979.8
3 :
2.40E+06
3 :
2.5

Calculation of Continuous Current Carrying Capacity

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SPEC. NO.

CALCULATION OF CONTINUOUS CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY

Continuous Current Rating

for one circuit

AC Resistance of Conductor at Max. Operating Temperature

for one circuit K.m/W

for one circuit

SPEC. NO.: TEX-B0302A-TC#3-4

CALCULATION OF SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RATING

Bureid Depth of Cables

Soil Thermal Resistivity

Short-circuit Rating for Conductor

Short-circuit Rating for Metallic Sheath

<DATA FILL-UP SHEET>

132kV 1Cx630sqmm XLPE Cable

3) Nominal System Volatge (U)

4) Phase-to-Earth Volatge (Uo)

5) Max. System Volatge (Um)

7) Maximum Operating Conductor Temperature

8) Maximum Short Circuit Temperature

9) Duration time of short circuit

10) Min. Short Circuit Current

10) Nominal Cross Section Area

11) Material of Conductor

12) Sheath Bonding Method

1.2 Installation Condition

6) Depth of Cable Center

8) Axcial Distance between each Circuits

8) Distance between group centre cable of each circuit

7) Soil Thermal Resistivity

1.3 Cable Construction data

2.84 E-08 [.m]

* Distance between group centre of each circuit :

CALCULATION OF CONTINUOUS CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY

4) Maximum Operating Conductor Temperature

5) Nominal Cross Section Area

7) Sheath Bonding Method

1.2 Installation Condition

6) Depth of Cable Center

7) Soil Thermal Resistivity

8) Axcial Distance between each Circuits

8) Distance between centre cable of each circuit

Ro : DC resistance of Conductor at 20 [/m]

Tmax : Maximum Conductor Temperature []

2) Skin Effect Factor

Xs/ ( 192 + 0.8Xs) =

Xs = (8f / Rx) x 10-7 * Ks =

Ks : Constant for Conductor

3) Proximity Effect Factor

Xp= (8f / Rx) x 10-7 x Kp

d1 : Conductor Diameter (mm)

S : Axial Distance of Conductors (mm)

4) AC Resistance at Maximum Conductor Temperature

2.2 Metallic Layer Resistance

Tmax : Assumed Metallic Shield Temperature []

Zk : Stranding effect factor

Cwd : Diameter of Metallic Shield [mm]

Nw : Number of Metallic Shield

s : Conductivity of metallic shield

2) Metallic Sheath (Lead Alloy) Resistance at Operating Temperature

Tmax : Assumed Metallic Shield Temperature []

ds1 : Outer diameter of the metallic sheath [mm]

s : Conductivity of metallic shield