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ABAP for SAP HANA Points to

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NetWeaver 7.4

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POSTED BY: SAP YARD

OCTOBER 30, 2014

This page is a hand written note from (and probably to) an SAP HANA novice
who is trying to remember and understand the new terminologies.
Please checkSAP ABAP for HANA Tutorialfor multiple articles in detail on
ABAP for SAP HANA.
Wiki says: SAP HANA, short for High Performance Analytic Appliance is
an in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management system
developed and marketed by SAP SE. HANAs architecture is designed to
handle both high transaction rates and complex query processing on the
same platform.
Multicore architecture for CPUs and 64-bit address space innovation in
hardware enabled SAP to design SAP HANA. Similarly, columnar data
storage, improved data compression algorithms and insert only approach
innovation in software have contributed to the SAP HANA evolution.
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SAP ABAP LINKS

Abapinho

7MostPopular&FeaturedArticles

SAP HANA from Space

Level
Lazy and Smart ABAPers

DELETING rows of the internal

table within the LOOP. Is it a
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Combinations of Online Transactional Processing (OLTP) and Online

Analytical Processing (OLAP) using the same database instance application
approaches are supported by SAP HANA.

Taboo? A big NO NO?

Also Read: Create your rst program in SAP HANA Studio (ABAP on SAP
HANA Part I).

Fiori App - An
Introduction from an
ABAPer

Enhancements in SAP NetWeaver 7.4:

Release 7.4 offers state-of-the-art support for application development
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Shares optimized for SAP HANA, therefore SAP HANA favors Release 7.4. Open SQL
is a DB abstraction layer that de nes a common semantics for all SAPsupported databases. Usage of CDS views in the FROM clause of query
statements and Character-like literals in the SELECT list of query statements
are provided as recent Open SQL enhancements in SAP NetWeaver
Application Server ABAP 7.4. CASE statements in the SELECT list of query
statements and COALESCE functions in the SELECT list of query statements
are new kind of conditional expressions featured by the recent Open SQL
enhancements.
Read more: New Age SQL ABAP 7.4
Good thing is all databases certi ed by SAP support the recent Open SQL
enhancements (eg CDS). So if we really would like or really would have to
consume native HANA artifacts or features that are not accessible with
Open SQL or with CDS, we have to dig deeper and you have to consume
them natively. The other good thing is if you need to make change in
existing Open SQL statements to new Open SQL syntax and there are other
Open SQL statements in your object, you need not change all. They are still
valid.

SAP HANA at Ground

Zero
ABAP on SAP HANA.
Part I. First Program in
ABAP HANA
Get Latitude and
Longitude of any place
using Google Map API in
SAP

NetworkedBlogs

Blog:
SAPYard
Topics:
Abap,Sap,Hana

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Also Read: SAP HANA at Ground Zero

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SAP NetWeaver 7.4, generally available since May 2013, is the version that is
currently fully optimized for SAP HANA. It also facilitates the development
of modern browser-based and mobile applications because of its integrated
UI development toolkit for HTML5 (SAPs adaptation of the HTML5
standard, known as SAPUI5) and SAP NetWeaver Gateway capabilities.
At the core of SAP HANA is the high-performance, in-memory SAP HANA
database. It can manage structured and unstructured data, and supports
both transactional and analytical use cases. As a traditional relational
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Shares database, the SAP HANA database can function either as the data provider
for classic transactional applications (OLTP) and/or as a data source for
analytical requests (OLAP).
SAP HANA provides standard database interfaces such as JDBC and ODBC
and supports standard SQL with SAP HANA-speci c extensions. In short,
SAP HANA is an RDBMS offering SQL interface and transactional
isolation.
The latest release of SAP NetWeaver is optimized for SAP HANA and adds
new capabilities to the developers workbench for cloud, mobile and social
networking.
Columnar Data Storage:
A database table is conceptually a two-dimensional data structure organized
in rows and columns. Computer memory, in contrast, is organized as a linear
structure. A table can be represented in row-order or column-order. A roworiented organization stores a table as a sequence of records. Conversely, in
column storage the entries of a column are stored in contiguous memory
locations. Only the relevant column is fetched for the query, thus reducing
the amount of data to be processed.

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WEB DYNPRO ABAP TUTORIALS

DECEMBER 26, 2014

Lets Web Dynpro.

Part V

NOVEMBER 24, 2014

Lets Web Dynpro.

Part IV

NOVEMBER 11, 2014

Lets Web Dynpro.

Part III

NOVEMBER 5, 2014

Lets Web Dynpro.

Part ZZ

NOVEMBER 3, 2014

Lets Web Dynpro.

Part II

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With columnar data, operations on single columns, such as searching or

aggregations, can be implemented as loops over an array stored in
contiguous memory locations. Such an operation has high spatial locality
and can ef ciently be executed in the CPU cache. With row-oriented storage,
the same operation would be much slower because data of the same column
is distributed across memory and the CPU is slowed down by cache misses.
SAP HANA supports both, but is particularly optimized for column-order
storage.
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Columnar data storage allows highly ef cient compression. If a column is

sorted, often there are repeated adjacent values. SAP HANA employs highly
ef cient compression methods, such as run-length encoding, cluster coding
and dictionary coding. With dictionary encoding, columns are stored as
sequences of bit-coded integers. That means that a check for equality can be
executed on the integers; for example, during scans or join operations. This
is much faster than comparing, for example, string values.
Columnar storage, in many cases, eliminates the need for additional index
structures. Storing data in columns is functionally similar to having a builtin index for each column. The column scanning speed of the in-memory
column store and the compression mechanisms especially dictionary
compression allow read operations with very high performance. In many
cases, it is not required to have additional indexes. Eliminating additional
indexes reduces complexity and eliminates the effort of de ning and
maintaining metadata.
SAP HANA dictionary compression is realized for column store tables by
sorting dictionary with the distinct values of the column and each column
uses an array of integer values that represent the positions of the actual
values in the dictionary. When the table contains a huge amount of data that
is frequently searched or aggregated and when the table contains many

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columns and typical queries access only a few of them then column store for
table is recommended.
Read more SAP HANA from space level.
SAP HANA Transport Container (HTC):
With SAP NetWeaver 7.4, applications containing ABAP and HANA
development entities can now be easily developed, updated, corrected and
enhanced. As usually done for reasons of quality assurance, the different
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system landscape; typically from the development system to the testing,
quality system, and then to the productive system. Here comes the SAP
HANA Transport Container (HTC) into picture.
HTC is an ABAP development object which is required to integrate HANA
repository content into the standard Change and Transport System (CTS). As
of AS ABAP 7.4, HTC is seamlessly integrated into the Transport Organizer
of AS ABAP and so integrating the HANA repository content into CTS. It
ensures an ef cient delivery process of applications built out of ABAP (say a
method) and HANA content (say AMDP) or simply, ABAP for SAP HANA
applications between SAP systems by means of the proven ABAP transport
mechanism.
ABAP in Eclipse:
The ABAP Development Tools for SAP NetWeaver tie in perfectly with SAP
HANA Studio and SAPs in-memory technology by allowing highly
productive application development on top of SAP HANA. The ABAP
Development Tools signi cantly increases ABAP developer productivity
through rich Eclipse user experience and exibility, new capabilities for
sophisticated source code implementation, task-oriented and test-driven
business development. The ABAP Development Tools enables crossplatform application development by integrating ABAP and non-ABAP
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development tools into one Eclipse-based IDE. Built-in extensibility of the

IDE through the established Eclipse plug-in technology enables you to
bene t from the huge Eclipse ecosystem, develop on open platform and
integrate new custom ABAP and non-ABAP tools. ABAP Project in ABAP
Perspective in ADT for SAP NetWeaver serves as a central interface for
communication between the Eclipse based development environment and
the ABAP back end system.
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Read more: Get accustomed to SAP HANA Studio/Eclipse.

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Open and Native SQL:

Open SQL allows us to access database tables declared in the ABAP
Dictionary regardless of the database platform that the R/3 System is using.
Native SQL allows us to use database-speci c SQL statements in an ABAP
program. This means that we can use database tables that are not
administered by the ABAP Dictionary, and therefore integrate data that is
not part of the R/3 System.
As a rule, an ABAP program containing database-speci c SQL statements
will not run under different database systems. If your program will be used
on more than one database platform, only use Open SQL statements.
Please note, all ABAP custom code would not show drastic performance
improvement automatically. In order to take maximum advantage of SAP
HANA, our custom code should be in compliance with the enhanced SQL
performance guidelines.
Also Read: New Age Open SQL in ABAP 7.4
ABAP Test Cockpit (ATC):
ATC can be used to check the ABAP coding for potential functional
regressions/issues and correct them (if necessary) before migrating to SAP
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HANA. ADBC (ABAP Database Connectivity) interface check in the Code

Inspector should be done before migrating to SAP HANA to avoid functional
gaps. Runtime Check Monitor (SRTCM) can be used to get additional
runtime information for potential functional regressions check.
PERFORMANCE_DB check can be used to check performance optimization
potential before migrating to HANA.
The SQL Monitor (SQLM) can be used to capture the SQL pro le of the
ABAP system. SQL Monitor data can be exchanged between two systems by
28
Shares creating a snapshot of the SQL Monitor data, exporting it to the le system,
and then importing it to the target system. SQL pro le of the business
processes in the production system can be captured because of the fact that
SQL Monitor introduces only a minimal performance overhead.
SQL Performance Tuning Worklist (SWLT) allows correlating the results of
an ABAP source code analysis with SQL runtime data. The report gives a list
which might have potential issues. We should start investigating the ones
which are at the top. We need to set a goal as to how much we want to
optimize. Work on those set and check if the corrections/optimizations meet
our self-de ned or business de ned requirements.
SAP List Viewer with Integrated Data Access (ALV with IDA) is based on the
principle to select only the data to be displayed from the database and
perform calculations, aggregations, and grouping on the database layer.
Code to Database Paradigm Shift:
Code-to-Data paradigm helps to improve the performance of data intensive
ABAP coding because the in-memory capabilities of SAP HANA allow
calculations to be performed on the database layer, which helps to avoid
unnecessary movement of data. We have to consider the fact that SAP HANA
and AS ABAP use different type systems when we follow the Code-to-Data
paradigm using Native SQL. Performance can also be increased by using the
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new features in Open SQL, using AMDP and using view entities provided by
the advanced view de nition capabilities.
Core Data Services (CDS) views and AMDP (ABAP Managed Database
Procedures) ABAP artifacts can be created and maintained via ABAP
Development Tools for SAP NetWeaver.
Check this: SAP ABAP on HANA. Part II.
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Core Data Services (CDS):

CDS is a mechanism to push down logic to database. We outsource this
effective innovation to put the code and execute the logic in the database itself.
So, in simple words, CDS helps us to run our logic in database.
Now let us look at the formal de nition and explanations. Core Data
Services, are a higher-order SQL that relieves application developers from
low-level SQL coding for adding referential navigation by generating the
required code automatically, and also forms the basis for uni ed data models
in the SAP HANA context. The intention is for SAP HANA to be able to
consume various data sources on the same semantic level regardless of
whether they are delivered by an ABAP program or SAP BusinessObjects
model. Core data services are included as part of SAP HANA extended
application services, an application server that is shipped with SAP
NetWeaver 7.4 SPS 05 and SAP HANA as of SPS 06.
More details: Q&A on Core Data Services.
CDS is a collection of domain-speci c languages and services for de nition
and consumption of semantically rich data models. Data De nition
Language, Data Control Language and Data Manipulation Language are
included in CDS. Core Data Services (CDS) view can be consumed by using
the Data Preview in ABAP Development Tools for SAP NetWeaver and using

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it as a data source in the FROM clause of an Open SQL query. Conditional

expressions like COALESCE functions and CASE statement in the projection
list can be used in Core Data Services (CDS) views. A eld from the
projection list of another CDS view used in the FROM clause; String
constants and literal values and Aggregation functions over elds of ABAP
Dictionary tables used in the FROM clause can be included in the projection
list of a Core Data Services (CDS) view. We can use the static method
use_features of class cl_abap_dbfeatures to check if Core Data Services (CDS)
28 views with scalar input parameters can be used in Open SQL queries in the
Shares system. CDS now supports LEFT OUTER JOIN and RIGHT OUTER JOIN. The
target entity of the association is mandatory in the de nition of an
association in a Core Data Services (CDS) view.
Map to Data source option in SAP NetWeaver Gateway Service Builder
(transaction SEGW) can be used to implement the consumption of a Core
Data Services view. The DDL source (DDLS) in which the CDS view is de ned
is included in a transport request when we transport a Core Data Services
(CDS) view. CDS views can also be extended using EXTEND VIEW
statement programatically.
The enhancements included in CDS are:
Associations on a conceptual level, replacing joins with simple path
expressions in queries
Annotations to enrich the data models with additional (domain speci c)
metadata
Expressions used for calculations and queries in the data model
Also, check:Deep Dive to CDS Views.
In laymans words, annotations and associations are extensions of CDS to
SQL.

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Associations in a Core Data Services (CDS) view can be consumed in the

FROM clause; in the WHERE and HAVING clauses and in the projection list.
The main purpose of associations in Core Data Services is to de ne
relationships between entities. Dictionary tables, CDS views and Dictionary
views can be used as a data source in a Core Data Services (CDS) view. In
simpl words, ABAP Dictionary tables, CDS views, Dictionary views can be
queried in the Open SQL SELECT statement.
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While consuming the Association in the CDS using a path expression, a

JOIN is constituted in the underlying database.
Bene ts of replacing JOIN statement with Association in CDS view is that it
can be consumed using simple path expression and ON conditions for
association are generated automatically and association can also be
exposed themselves.
Annotation AbapCatalog.sqlViewName is mandatory for the de nition of a
Core Data Services (CDS) view. AbapCatalog.Buffering annotation has scope
in the entire CDS view in a Core Data Services (CDS). In otherwords,
annotations are domain-speci c metadata. Symbol @ (at) is used to mask
annotations in Core Data Services (CDS) views.
The main advantage of using Core Data Services (CDS) in SAP NetWeaver
Application Server ABAP is, we can de ne complex data models that can be
consumed in a simple Open SQL SELECT statement and we can use the
extended view-de nition functionality to push down code to the database
layer. It is important to note that scalar input parameters are database
dependent. So, if we plan to consume a CDS view using FROM clause of
Open SQL query with scalar input then we need to keep in mind that the
query cannot be executed on all SAP-certi ed databases for the database
dependent scalar inputs.

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Also Read : View the HANA Views from different angles

ABAP Managed Database Procedure (AMDP):
ABAP Managed Database Procedure is a new feature in AS ABAP allowing
developers to write database procedures directly in ABAP. AMDP can be
considered as a function stored and executed in the database. The
implementation language varies from one database system to another. In
SAP HANA it is SQL. Using AMDP allows developers to create and execute
those database procedures in the ABAP environment using ABAP methods
28
Shares and ABAP data types.
Check how we can create AMDP Class/Method and consume it in ABAP
Program.
In direct words, AMDP is nothing else but a container of methods. And the
procedure itself is deployed and executed on the HANA database. ABAP
Managed Database Procedure follows the Top-Down approach. In order to
implement an ABAP Managed Database Procedure method we need to
implement (mandatory) the class interface IF_AMDP_MARKER_HDB. ABAP
language elements LANGUAGE db_lang (db_lang = SQLSCRIPT), FOR db
(db = HDB) and BY DATABASE PROCEDURE are mandatory for the
implementation of a method as an ABAP Managed Database Procedure.
AMDP can also improve the performance of data transformation in the
Extract, Transform and Load (ETL) process in BW. We can consume an ABAP
Managed Database Procedure in your ABAP coding by calling the
corresponding ABAP class method. Source code management using the
ABAP transportation infrastructure, Static syntax checks of databasespeci c coding and Database independency are the advantages of using
AMDP.
AMDP has some limitations.
Exporting, importing and changing parameters are allowed
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Methods with returning parameters cannot be implemented as AMDPs

Method parameters have to be tables or scalar types
Method parameters have to be passed as values
ABAP Database Connectivity (ADBC):
ABAP Database Connectivity (ADBC) is an API for the Native SQL interface
of the AS ABAP that is based on ABAP Objects. The methods of ADBC make
it possible to; send database speci c SQL commands to a database system
and process the result; to establish and administer database connections.
28
Shares While the statements of Native SQL offer exclusively static access to the
Native SQL interface, ADBC makes an object orientated and dynamic access
possible.
Please go through the full article on ADBC ABAP Database Connectivity.
ADBC API uses CL_SQL_STATEMENT and CL_SQL_RESULT_SET classes. We
need to bind a reference to the internal table as an output parameter to the
CL_SQL_RESULT_SET instance and fetch the result using the next_package
method of class CL_SQL_RESULT_SET to retrieve the result set into an
internal table after executing a Native SQL query statement to retrieve a list
of information using the corresponding ABAP Database Connectivity
(ADBC) API method.
Please stay tuned for more on HANA. I would show you how you can get free
access to SAP HANA Cloud Platform. Yes, it is free!! I have already logged into it
and making my hands dirty on it. I am playing it using Eclipse Studio. I will show
in details how you can easily set it up.
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If you liked this post, please hit the share button at the left side of your
screen.
Thank you very much for your time!!
Series on SAP HANA
1. SAP HANA from Space Level
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2. SAP HANA at Ground Zero

3.View the HANA Views from different angles
4. ABAP for SAP HANA Points to remember
5. SAP HANA ; S/4 HANA and S/4 HANA Finance in Nutshell
6.Smart Data Integrator & Data Load In SAP HANA
7. ABAP on SAP HANA. Part I
8. ABAP on SAP HANA. Part II
to be updated..

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Previous post

8 COMMENTS

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ON "ABAP FOR SAP HANA POINTS TO REMEMBER"

28
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peterjohn | May 7, 2015 at 10:24 am | Reply

I appreciate you sharing this article. Really thank you!
Much obliged.
This is one awesome blog article. Much thanks again.
Regards

Joy | October 12, 2015 at 1:20 pm | Reply

Thanks for the article about ABAP for SAP HANA, but i
really didnt understand the concept of Core Data Service (CDS), can
you please elaborate it if you can
Thanks

SAP Yard | October 12, 2015 at 1:31 pm | Reply

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Thanks Joy for the feedback. I will try to add some

more details soon. Please stay tuned.
Regards,
Raju.

28

SAP Yard | August 18, 2016 at 3:48 am | Reply

Shares

Dear Joy We have two posts dedicated to CDS

Concept. It helps in Code to Paradigm shift. Please
check it and let us know for further questions.
http://www.sapyard.com/abap-on-sap-hana-part-iv/ CDS
Q&A
http://www.sapyard.com/abap-on-sap-hana-part-v/ Deep
Dive into CDS
Regards,
Team SAPYard.

dhananjay | December 7, 2015 at 2:34 pm | Reply

Nice article

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SAP Yard | December 7, 2015 at 3:13 pm | Reply

Dear Dhananjay Thank you very much for your
feedback. It encourages us to do better.
Regards,
Raju.
28
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Shishira Shastri H | January 10, 2016 at 5:30 am | Reply

SAP Yard Learning made so simple !!
Thanks a lot Raju.

SAP Yard | January 10, 2016 at 5:08 pm | Reply

You are most welcome Shishira.
Regards,
Team SAPYard..

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Comment, Criticism, Opinion, Feedback. Please do not

hold back. Share your Thoughts!!
Enteryourcommenthere...

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