ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades 40mm Low-Velocity Grenades Gary's infantry Weapons Reference Guide DESCRIPTION This page describes the most commonly used 40mm low-velocity rounds for the U.S. M320, M203, and M79 grenade launchers. These rounds include high-explosive, illuminating, signaling, CS, training, and multi-purpose ammunition. If fired into snow or mud, 40mm rounds may not hit hard enough to detonate. An undetonated round may explode when stepped on or driven over. During training in snow or mud, avoid this hazard by firing only TP rounds. 40mm grenade launcher ammunition. Arming Effect Range ce Model Type | Length | Weight 3.89 in 10.503 Ib | 8 = 10 | Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Mas HE (98.8 (0.23 (24-3 Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) mm) ka) m) 3.89in |0.501b |8-10ft M382 Practice (98.8 (0.23 (24-3 Danger radius: 66 ft (20 m) mm) kg) m) 3.89in /0.501b | 45-90 ft M386 | HE (98.8 (0.23 | (14-27 mm) kg) m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) 4.05 in |o.511b | 45 - 90 ft HE (102.9 |(0.23. | (14 - 27 mm) kg) m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) 3.894 in |0.503 Ib | 45 - 90 ft mao6 | HE (98.9 (0.23 | (14-27 mm) kg) m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) 3.894 in |0.50 Ib | 45 - 90 ft M407A1 Practice | (98.9 (0.23 |(14-27 | Danger radius: 66 ft (20 m) kg) m) 0.507 Ib | 45-90 ft | Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) M433 | HEDP (0.23 |(14-27 | Incapacitation radius: 49 ft (15 m) kg) m) Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) aaa HE foo b oa f Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) a= (0. ( Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) kg) m) 0.254 Ib M576 | Buckshot (0.12 | N/A Maximum range: 98 ft (30 m) hepihwaneres.comigpiiitaryfinartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 1188an2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml mm) kg) 1583, |wnite star|5272i" [0.49 wn 90,000 candiepower. 656 (200 Ms583A1 | Parachute |‘ ( meters) in diameter for mm) kg) seconds 5.268 in [0.41 Ib mses WME ST 33.8 [(0.19 | N/A 55,000 candlepower for 7 seconds mm) kg) 4.57 in [0.631b | 33-98 ft mes1 {cs (116.1 |(0.29 |(10-30 | Area Coverage: 144 yd? (120 m2) mm) ka) m) Green |5.272in [0.49 1b 8,000 candlepower. 656 ft (200 mse1 | Star (133.9 |(0.22 | N/A meters) in diameter for 40 Parachute | mm) ka) seconds red star |5272in [0.49 Ib 20,000 candlepower. 656 ft (200 M62 (133.9 |(o.22 | A meters) in diameter for 40 Parachute mm) ka) seconds M676, 5.212 in |0.48 Ib meso, (7K | sg Noa > ‘Smoke burn time: 90 seconds Canopy minimum M682 mm) kg) M713, [Smoke |3.91in |o.49ib |so- iso ft " Ke 7 m7is, |Ground |(99.3 |(0.22 | (15-45 Smoke burn time: 17 seconds mzig | Marker | mm) kg) m) 4.05 in [0.45 Ib mzsi | Practice | (102.9 | (0.205 | N/A Danger radius: 66 ft (20 m) mm) kg) IR star | 5.272 in 10.49 Ib Max visible candlepower: 350. M92 (133.9 |(o.22 | WA Parachute 30 seconds minimum burn time. mm) kg) 3.95 in 10.15 Ib Engagement Range: 33 - 164 ft mio06 | Non-Lethal | (100.3 | (0.068 | ya (10 - 50 m) mm) kg) 4.gin [0.47 1b i029 |Non-Lethal }(121.9 | (0.213 | N/A N/A mm) kg) M381 40mm HE Cartridge 26ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Complete Round ocie Lever Type | HE Po Fuze Classification PUSH PIN Date | 1972 FIRING PIN INERTIAL RING DETONATOR Gan con? OETONATOR ROTOR PROJECTILE BODY 3.89 in (98.8 BOOSTER CHARGE Length | on) ROTATING BAND 3503 b O23 BALL ASSY Weight | i : HE CHARGE Projectile vent Body | Aluminum skirt CARTRIDGE CASE and steel wire ball Olive drab with PROPELLING CHARGE LOW PRESSURE CHAMBER color | ¥eNow PRIMER markings, yellow ogive Filler | >2 9 Composition B Ms52 Fuze | 552 point detonating Case Components hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 6enzo 4omm Low Velocity Grenades Cartridge Case M118 Propellant | 330 mg M9 ma2 percussion Primer Performance Maximum | 1,312 ft (400 Range | m) Muzzle | 250 fps (76 Velocity | mps) Arming | 8 - 10 ft (2.4 - Range | 3 m) Casualty Effective | radius: 427 ft Bursting | (130 m) Area | Kill radius: 16 ft (5m) Use: The M381 cartridge is a high explosive round designed to inflict personnel casualties from ground burst effect. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile has a hollow, one-piece aluminum body containing rotating bands. A hollow aluminum ogive is fitted to the front end of the projectile. A hollow stee! ball assembly containing the bursting charge is fitted into the rear of the projectile body. A booster charge with a point detonating fuze is threaded into a well in the forward side of the ball. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into a cartridge case. The case is a hollow, aluminum bi-chambered cylinder with an annealed brass propellant cup fitted into the cartridge base. The cup contains the propelling charge with a percussion primer in the center. The cup acts as a high pressure chamber and the hollow cavity in the case, which surrounds the cup, acts as a low pressure chamber. The fuze contains an inertial ring operating through push pins and levers upon a detonator. Functioning. The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer igniting the propelling charge in the high-pressure chamber. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to rupture the propellant cup forcing the expanding gases through vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo mlar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube to impart spin of 3,600 RPM to the projectile. The pressure created by the expanding propellant gases in the low-pressure chamber forces the projectile through the launcher barrel with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second (250 fps). Setback force from firing causes the firing pin in the fuze to be withdrawn from the rotor ball detent, and centrifugal force from projectile rotation causes the rotor ball assembly to align the detonator with the explosive train. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled approximately 2.4 to 3 meters (8 feet) from the launcher. Upon graze or impact with the target, inertia causes the inertial ring to act on the push pins, pivoting the levers inward to force the firing pin into the detonator. The detonator ignites the booster charge, and the booster detonates the explosive charge, producing blast and fragmentation of the projectile body. M382 40mm Practice Cartridge oaive H PALL ROTOR Pusnrin INERTIAL RING pee ae oerowaton 200 ROK PELLET, fae SS 3.094 MAX. 3 i : i i —— PROPELLING CHARGE CLOSING PLUG Complete Round Type | Practice Classification Date | 1964 Unit Cost Length | 3.89 in (98.8 mm) Weight | 0.50 Ib (0.23 kg) epihwaineres.comvgpiitarylinartrylgreadalddmm_ammo ml sitsar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Projectile Body Material | Aluminum skirt and steel ball Color | Olive drab with yellow markings Filler | 4.54 g inert yellow dye Fuze | M552 point detonating Case Components Cartridge Case | M118 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | 8 - 10 ft (2.4 - 3m) Danger Radius | 66 ft (20 m) Use: The M382 cartridge is a practice impact type round. Description: This cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile body and a cartridge case assembly containing a propelling charge and a percussion primer. A hollow, aluminum ogive is fitted to the front end of the projectile. Fitted in the rear of the projectile is a hollow steel ball assembly containing a yellow dye marking material. An RDX booster pellet with a point detonating fuze assembly is threaded into a cavity at the forward side of the ball assembly. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into the cartridge case. The case is a hollow aluminum bi-chambered cylinder with an annealed brass propellant cup assembly fitted into the center of the cartridge base. The cup contains the propelling charge with a percussion primer in the center and acts as a high- pressure chamber. The hollow cavity in the case, which surrounds the cup, acts as a low-pressure chamber. The fuze contains an inertial ring operating through push pins and levers on the firing pin. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer igniting the propelling charge in the high pressure chamber. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to rupture the propellant cup and to force the expanding gases from the burning propellant through vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml eisenzo 4omm Low Velocity Grenades The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting a spin of 3600 rpm to the projectile and a muzzle velocity of 76 mps. The pressure created by the expanding propellant gases in the Jow-pressure chamber forces the projectile through the launcher barrel. After the projectile leaves the launcher tube, setback force causes the firing pin in the fuze to be withdrawn from the ball detent, and centrifugal force created by rotation of the projectile causes the rotor ball assembly to align the detonator with the explosive train. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled approximately 2.4 to 3 meters (8 feet) from the launcher. Upon graze or impact with the target, the inertial force from impact causes the inertial ring to act on the push pins, pivoting the levers inward, and forcing the firing pin into the detonator. The detonator explodes the RDX booster pellet which shatters the chamber and emits a yellow puff of smoke to simulate the explosion of a service round. M386 40mm HE Cartridge PROJECTILE ‘BODY BOOSTER HE CHARG! CARTRIDGE CASE LOW, -PRESSURE VENT CHAMBER PROPELLANT ‘cuP Complete Round Type | HE Classification Date | ? Unit Cost | ? Length | 3.89 in (98.8 mm) Weight | 0.503 Ib (0.23 kg) epihwaineres.comvgpiitarylinartrylgreadalddmm_ammo mlar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Projectile Body Material | Aluminum skirt and steel ball Color | Olive drab with yellow markings, yellow ogive Filler | 32 g Composition B Fuze | M551 point detonating Case Components Cartridge Case | M118 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 or FED 100 percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | 45 - 90 ft (14 - 27 m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Effective Bursting Area | ci auc, 16 tt (5 m) Use: The M386 cartridge is a high explosive round designed to inflict personnel casualties from ground burst effect. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of an aluminum projectile body with a rotating band, and cartridge case containing the propelling charge and percussion primer. A steel ball-shaped assembly containing the high explosive charge is fitted into the rear of the projectile. The ball assembly has an open well on the forward side. A point detonating fuze with booster charge is threaded into the well. The fuze is covered by an aluminum ogive forming the nose of the projectile. The projectile body is press-fitted into the cartridge case. The case is a bi- chambered aluminum cylinder with an annealed brass propellant cup fitted into the center of the base. The cup contains the propelling charge and the percussion primer is fitted in the center. The cup acts as a high-pressure chamber while the cavity in the case surrounding the cup acts as a low- pressure chamber. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer igniting the propelling charge in the high-pressure chamber. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to rupture the propellant cup and force the exploding gases through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml aisar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting spin to the projectile. The pressure created by the expanding propellant gases in the low-pressure chamber forces the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second. After the projectile leaves the launcher tube, setback causes a fuze setback pin to move reward and clear the fuze rotor which is held in an unarmed position by a firing pin, centrifugal lock, and the setback pin in the fuze assembly. Centrifugal force, generated by the rotation of the projectile, causes three pivoted inertial weights and the fuze centrifugal lock to move outward. This action causes the spring loaded firing pin and lock to retract from the rotor and gear train, respectively. The rotor, now free to rotate, aligns the fuze detonator with the explosive train. A fuze escapement mechanism delays arming by controlling rotor movement. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled at least 14 meters (45 feet) from the launcher tube. Upon impact with the target, the firing pin is forced into the detonator. The detonator triggers the booster charge, in turn, detonating the high-explosive bursting charge, producing a blast and fragmentation of the projectile body. M397 40mm HE (Jump-Up Fragmentation) Cartridge 40MM OCTOL PROJ M397 hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml ousar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades INERTIA WEIGHT ose POFUZE ROTOR PROJECTILE BODY ESCAPEMENT SEPARATION CHARGE DELAY DETONATOR AUXILLARY FUZE ROTATING BAND HE CHARGE BOOSTER LOW PRESSURE ‘CHAMBER BALL ASSEMBLY CARTRIDGE CASE PROPELLING CHARGE PRIMER Complete Round Type | HE Classification Date | ? Unit Cost | ? Length | 4.05 in (102.9 mm) Weight | 0.51 Ib (0.23 ka) Projectile Body Material | Aluminum skirt and steel ball Color | Olive drab with yellow markings, yellow ogive Filler | 32 9 OCTOL Fuze | M536 point detonating Case Components Cartridge Case | M118 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 or FED 100 percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) epihwaineres.comigpiiitaryfinantrylgrenadaldomm_ammo ml 106ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Arming Range | 45 - 90 ft (14 - 27 m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Effective Bursting Al fective Bursting Are? | Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) Use: The M397 cartridge is a high explosive round designed to inflict personnel casualties using air burst effect. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round consisting of an aluminum projectile body with rotating band press-fitted into a cartridge case containing a propelling charge and percussion primer. A hollow steel ball assembly containing the HE charge and a delay detonator is fitted into the rear of the projectile. A point detonating fuze with a separation charge is threaded into a well on the front side of the ball. The cartridge case is a bi-chambered aluminum cylinder with an annealed brass cup pressed into the center of the base. The cup contains the propelling charge and the percussion primer extends into the center of the charge. The cup constitutes a high-pressure chamber, and the hollow cavity in the case surrounding the cup acts as a low-pressure chamber. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the primer to ignite the propelling charge. The burning propellant ruptures the propellant cup, and the expanding-gases are vented into the low-pressure chamber to propel the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second. The rotating band engages the spiral lands in the launcher tube to impart spin to the projectile, Setback from firing withdraws a lock pin from the fuze rotor. After the projectile leaves the launcher, centrifugal force from rotation withdraws the firing pin from the rotor and releases a centrifugal lock from the fuze gear train. The rotor then turns, restrained by an escapement mechanism, to line up the rotor detonator with the separation charge. This rotor movement is complete when the projectile has traveled at least 14 meters (45 feet) from the weapon. Upon impact, the fuze firing pin is driven into the detonator to explode the separation charge. The separation charge ejects the high explosive assembly upward from the rear of the projectile and simultaneously ignites the delay charge. Detonation and fragmentation of the HE ball thus occurs at approximately 5 feet above the ground impact point. M397A1 40mm HE (Jump-Up Fragmentation) Cartridge hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml ni,ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades CN PROJECTILE BODY. AMMLOTOO-0-00 ——— wy eusgins Low pnessude cHamaen — CLdSIN ocive Po Fuze CTG 40MM HE M397Al DELAY DETONATOR, BALL 4.08 ROTATING BAND: ASSEMBLY MAK HE CHARGE loosten CHARGE vent PRIMER Complete Round Type | HE Classification Date | 1974 Unit Cost | ? Length | 4.05 in (102.9 mm) Weight | 0.51 Ib (0.23 ka) Projectile Body Material | Aluminum skirt and steel ball Color | Olive drab with yellow markings, yellow ogive Filler | 32 9 OCTOL Fuze | M536E1 point detonating Case Components Cartridge Case | M118 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 or FED 100 percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) epihwaineres.comigpiiitaryfinantrylgrenadaldomm_ammo ml 216ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Arming Range | 45 - 90 ft (14 - 27 m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Effective Bursting Al fective Bursting Are? | Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) Use: The M397A1 cartridge is a high explosive round designed to inflict personnel casualties using air burst effect. The M397A1 functions with improved performance on snow targets in comparison to the performance of the M397 and M406. Description: This cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a one-piece steel projectile body with a metal rotating band and a cartridge case assembly containing the propelling charge and percussion primer. A hollow ogive is fitted to the front end of the projectile. A hollow steel ball assembly containing a delay detonator, a booster charge, and an HE bursting charge, is fitted into the rear end of the projectile. A point detonating fuze assembly is threaded into the front opening of the ball assembly. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into a cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered aluminum cylinder with an annealed brass propellant cup assembly fitted into the center of the cartridge base. The cup contains the propelling charge and a percussion primer in the center. The cup acts as a high-pressure chamber, and the hollow cavity in the case, which surrounds the cup, acts as a low-pressure chamber. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer igniting the propelling charge in the high-pressure chamber. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to rupture the propellant cup forcing the expanding gases from the burning propellant through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube, imparting spin to the projectile. The pressure, created by the expanding propellant gases in the low-pressure chamber, forces the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second. When the projectile is fired, setback forces cause the fuze setback pin to retract from the fuze rotor causing the bellville type washer to be crushed. This permits the fuze housing assembly containing the rotor to retract from the stationary fuze firing pin. In the unarmed position, a set-back pin, a firing pin, and a centrifugal lock in the fuze assembly, combine to prevent movement of the rotor. This keeps the fuze detonator from aligning with the separation charge assembly. Centrifugal force, from rotation of the projectile, causes the centrifugal lock to retract from the fuze gear train. The rotor, now free to rotate, lines up the detonator with the separation charge assembly. A fuze escapment mechanism delays arming by controlling rotor movement. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled at least 14 meters (45 feet) from the hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 1316ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades launcher tube. Upon impact with the target, the M55 detonator within the setback sleeve and housing assembly is driven forward into the firing pin. In turn, the detonator ignites the separation charge assembly which initiates the delay detonator of the auxiliary fuze in the ball assembly. Gas pressure drives the delay detonator into the armed position. Concurrently, the ball assembly with the auxiliary fuze ejects from the rear of the projectile into the air. The pyrotechnic delay detonator in the ball assembly detonates the booster charge, in turn, detonating the bursting charge 80 milliseconds after ejection. This results in a blast and fragmentation of the ball assembly 5 feet above the impact point. M406 40mm HE Cartridge oaive CARTHOGE case HE BURSTING CHARGE PROPELLANT cur Type | HE Classification Date | 1972 Unit Cost | ? Length | 3.894 in (98.9 mm) Weight | 0.503 Ib (0.23 ka) Projec Body Material | Aluminum skirt and steel ball Color | Olive drab with yellow markings, yellow ogive epihwaineres.comigpiiitaryfinantrylgrenadaldomm_ammo ml saisar2n0 Filler 40mm Low-Velecty Grenades 32 g Composition B Fuze M551 point detonating Case Components Cartridge Case Propellant Miis 330 mg M9 Primer M42 or FED 100 percussion Performance Maximum Range 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range 45 - 90 ft (14 - 27 m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Effective B ‘ing Al fective Bursting Area | ii) radius: 16 ft (5 m) Use: The M406 cartridge is a high explosive round designed to inflict personnel casualties using ground burst effect. Description: This cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of an aluminum projectile body with a rotating band and a cartridge case assembly containing the propelling charge and percussion primer. A hollow aluminum ogive is fitted to the front end of the projectile. A steel ball assembly containing a booster charge and a bursting charge is fitted in the rear end of the projectile. A point detonating fuze assembly is threaded into the front opening of the ball assembly. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into a cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered aluminum cylinder with an annealed brass propellant cup assembly fitted into the center of the cartridge base. The cup contains the propelling charge and a percussion primer in the center. It acts as a high- pressure chamber while the hollow cavity in the case, which surrounds the cup, acts as a low-pressure chamber. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer igniting the propelling charge in the high-pressure chamber. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to rupture the propellant cup forcing the expanding gases through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting a spin of 3,600 rpm to the projectile. The pressure created by the expanding propellant gases in the low-pressure chamber force the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 156ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades When the projectile is fired, setback forces cause the fuze setback pin to retract from the fuze rotor. The rotor is held in an unarmed position by a firing pin, a centrifugal lock, and the setback pin in the fuze assembly. Centrifugal force, generated by the rotation of the projectile, causes the three pivoted inertia weights and the centrifugal lock in the fuze to move outward. In turn, the spring loaded firing pin and the lock retract from the rotor and fuze gear train, respectively. The rotor, now free to rotate, lines up the fuze detonator with the explosive train. A fuze escapement mechanism delays arming by controlling rotor movement. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled at least 14 meters (45 feet) from the launcher tube. Upon impact with the target, the firing pin is forced into the detonator. Concurrently the detonator triggers the booster charge, in turn, detonating the high explosive bursting charge, which produces a blast and fragmentation of the projectile body. The projectile body is wire wrapped so that fragmentation is more uniform on impact. M407A1 40mm Practice Cartridge ogive Po Fuze Complete Round INERTIAL WEIGHTS Type | Practice Classification 1964 Date Escapement ‘FROJECTILE BODY Unit Cost | ? BALLASSEMBLY Length | 3.894 in (98.9 mm) ROTATING BAND Weight | 0.50 Ib (0.23 kg) Projectile CARTRIDGE case Aluminum skirt and Body Material ¥ plastic ball PROPELLANT CUP Blue with white markings Lomenessune ‘CHAMBER Color Filler | Yellow dye Fuze | M551 point detonating PRIMER Case Components Cartridge M118 Case Propellant | 330 mg M9 M42 or FED 100 percussion Primer Performance hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 166ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Maximum | 1 312 ft (400 m) Range Muzzle Velocity | 2=° fps (76 mps) Arming Range | 45 - 90 ft (14 - 27 m) Danger 66 ft (20 Radius (20m) Use: The M407A1 cartridge is a fixed practice type ammunition. Replaced by the the M781 practice cartridge. Description: This cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of an aluminum projectile body with a rotating band and a cartridge case assembly. A hollow aluminum ogive is fitted to the front end of the projectile. A plastic ball assembly containing an RDX booster pellet and two yellow smoke pellets is fitted into the rear end of the projectile. A point detonating fuze assembly is threaded into the front opening of the ball assembly. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into a cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered aluminum cylinder with an annealed brass propellant cup assembly crimped into the center of the cartridge base. The cup contains the propelling charge and percussion primer in the center. The cup acts as a high- pressure chamber while the hollow cavity in the case, which surrounds the cup, acts as a low-pressure chamber. Functi The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer igniting the propelling charge in the high-pressure chamber. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to rupture the propellant cup and to release the expanding propellant gases through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting a spin of 3,600 rpm to the projectile. The pressure, created by the expanding propellant gases in the low-pressure chamber, forces the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second. When the projectile is fired, setback forces cause the fuze setback pin to retract from the fuze rotor. The rotor is held in an unarmed position by a firing pin, a centrifugal lock, and the setback pin in the fuze assembly. Centrifugal force, generated by the rotation of the projectile, causes the three pivoted inertia weights and the centrifugal lock in the fuze, to move outward. In turn, the spring loaded firing pin and the lock retract from the rotor and fuze gear train, respectively. The rotor, now free to rotate, lines up the fuze detonator with the explosive train, A fuze escapement mechanism delays arming by controlling rotor movement. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled at least 14 to 27 meters (45 to 90 feet) from the launcher tube. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml mi,ariazone 0mm Low-Vlocy Gronades Upon impact with the target, the firing pin is forced into the detonator. Concurrently, the detonator ignites the RDX booster pellet which fragments the plastic ball and ignited the two yellow smoke pellets, causing a puff of yellow smoke which simulates explosive impact. M433 40mm HEDP Cartridge Fuze CTG 40MM SHAPED HEDP. CHARGE M433 Low PRESSURE CHAMBER ammo LOT [ILIL-f04 VENT CLOSING PLUG Complete Round \ VED PROJECTILE BODY COPPER CONE ROTATING BAND CARTRIDGE CASE PROPELLANT cur PRIMER, Type | HEDP Classification Date | 1971 Unit Cost | $30 (Fiscal Year 2005), $68 (FY 2010) Length | 4.05 in (102.9 mm) Weight | 0.507 Ib (0.23 kg) Projectile Body Material | Aluminum skirt with steel cup attached Color | Olive drab with white markings, yellow ogive Filler | 45 g Composition A Fuze | M550 point initiating, base detonating Case Components Cartridge Case | M118 epihwaineres.comigpiiitaryfinantrylgrenadaldomm_ammo ml 816ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 or FED 100 percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | 45 - 90 ft (14 - 27 m) Casualty radius: 427 ft (130 m) Effective Bursting Area | Incapacitation radius: 49 ft (15 m) Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) Use: The M433 cartridge is a dual purpose impact type round which is designed to penetrate at least two inches of stee! armor at 0° angle of obliquity and inflict personnel casualties in the target area. This item is Code A, approved for service use. This is a training standard item used in both training and combat. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a one-piece, aluminum projectile body with rotating band, and a cartridge case assembly. A hollow aluminum ogive is fitted to the front end of the projectile. A PIBD fuze assembly with an RDX spit- back charge and copper cone liner is fitted to the opening of the projectile cavity. The cavity is sealed by the fuze assembly and contains the high explosive shaped charge. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into the cartridge case assembly. The case is a hollow bi- chambered aluminum cylinder with a steel closing plug crimped into the opening of the annealed brass propellant cup assembly in the cartridge base. The Propellant cup has vent holes in the sides, is sealed in the bottom by the closing plug, and contains the propelling charge. A percussion primer is crimped into the center of the closing plug. The propellant cup acts as a high- pressure chamber, and the upper hollow cavity in the case acts as a low- pressure chamber. Funct The weapon firing pin strikes the percussion primer, which ignites the propelling charge. Pressure created by the burning propellant in the high- pressure chamber causes the propellant cup to rupture. The propellant gases escape through vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 916ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades to impart a spin of 3,750 rpm to the projectile. Expanding gases in the low- pressure chamber force the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second. After the projectile leaves the launcher tube, initial rotation causes the fuze detent to free the fuze rotor. Centrifugal force causes three hammer weights to move radially outward, allowing a conical spring to move the firing pin forward, disengaging the rotor. Dynamic imbalance of the rotor causes it to rotate to the armed position, aligning the M55 detonator with the firing pin and the spit-back shaped charge. A fuze escapement mechanism retards rotor movement, delaying arming until the projectile has traveled at least 45 feet from the launcher tube. Upon impact with the target, the firing pin is driven into the detonator, triggering the spit-back shaped charge and producing a jet blast which detonates the HE bursting charge. Detonation of the bursting charge forms an armor-piercing jet of molten metal and fragmentation of the projectile body. Effect: The M433 HEDP grenade has a small shaped charge that penetrates better than the HE round. It also has a thin wire wrapping that bursts into a dense fragmentation pattern, creating casualties out to 5 meters. Because they explode on contact, HEDP rounds achieve the same penetration regardless of range. The high explosive dual purpose round can penetrate 2 inches (50 mm) of armor plate, 12 inches (300 mm) of pine logs, 16 inches (400 mm) of concrete blocks, or 20 inches (500 mm) of sandbags at ranges up to 1,312 feet (400 m). If projected into an interior room, the 40mm HEDP can penetrate all interior partition-type walls. It splinters plywood and plaster walls, making a hole large enough to fire a rifle through. It is better to have HEDP rounds pass into a room and explode on a far wall, even though much of the round's energy is wasted penetrating the back wall. The fragmentation produced in the room causes more casualties than the high-explosive jet formed by the shaped charge. The fragments from the HEDP round do not reliably penetrate interior walls. They are also stopped by office furniture, sandbags, helmets, and protective vests (flak jackets). Rb M433 HEDP U.S. Army photo 1597x476, 48K, JPEG Test-fired inert M433 HEDP Test-fired inert M433 HEDP U.S. Army photo U.S. Army photo hepihwaineres.comvigpiiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml ousarz2014 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades 490x260, 157K, PNG 830x500, 528K, PNG M550 Fuze: = Type Classified: 1971. « Over 20 Million fuzes produced. = Two independent safety locks: setback pin and one spin detent. M441 40mm HE Cartridge pho ineres.comgpiiaryinentryigrenadel4omm _ammo him 216ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades 3.89 MAX. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml OGIVE FIRING PIN INERTIAL RING BALL ROTOR BOOSTER ROTATING ‘BAND BALL ASSEMBLY ‘CARTRIDGE CASE LOW- RESSURE CHAMBER Complete Round Type Unit Cost Length 3.89 in (98.8 mm) Weight 0.503 Ib (0.23 kg) Projectile Body Material Aluminum skirt and steel! ball Color Olive drab with yellow markings, yellow ogive Filler 329 Composition B Fuze M552 point detonating 2216ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Case Components Cartridge Mis Case Propellant | 330 mg M9 ma2 percussion Primer Performance Maximum | 1,312 ft (400 Range | m) Muzzle | 250 fps (76 Velocity | mps) Arming | 8 - 10 ft (2.4 Range | - 3 m) Casualty Effective | radius: 427 ft Bursting | (130 m) Area | Kill radius: 16 ft (5 m) Use: The M441 cartridge is a high explosive round designed to inflict personnel casualties using ground burst effect. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile body with a rotating band and a cartridge case assembly. A hollow aluminum ogive is fitted to the front of the projectile. A point detonating fuze with a booster charge is threaded into the opening of a steel ball assembly crimped into the projectile base. The ball assembly contains an HE bursting charge. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into the aluminum cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered cylinder with a metal closing plug crimped into the cartridge case. The propellant cup assembly is sealed by the closing plug in the bottom, and contains the propelling charge. A percussion primer is crimped into a center opening in the closing plug. The propellant cup assembly acts as a high-pressure chamber, and the hollow cavity in the case surrounding the cup acts as a low-pressure chamber. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the primer igniting the propelling charge. Gases from the burning propellant expand in the high-pressure chamber. This pressure ruptures the propellant cup, forcing the gases to escape through the vents into the low-pressure chamber. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml aisenzo 4omm Low Velocity Grenades The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting spin to the projectile. Expanding gases in the low-pressure chamber force the projectile through the tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second, At the time of firing, setback causes the firing pin to be withdrawn from the fuze rotor detent. Prior to this action, the detonator in the rotor is held out of line with the explosive train. With the rotor free, centrifugal force causes the rotor ball to turn and align the detonator with the firing pin. The fuze arms after the projectile has traveled approximately 2 to 4 meters (8 feet) from the launcher tube, Upon graze or impact, inertia throws the inertial ring forward against the push pins. The push pins pivot the levers inward to drive the firing pin into the detonator. The detonator initiates the booster to detonate the high explosive charge resulting in blast and fragmentation of the projectile body. M576 40mm Multiple Projectile (Buckshot) Cartridge cTG S76 AMM LOT hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml aisar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades OBTURATOR, LOW PRESSURE CHAMBER ‘COPPER DISK VENT PROPEILANT CLOSING PLUG Complete Round Buckshot Classification Date | ? Unit Cost | ? Length | 2.646 in (67.2 mm) Weight | 0.254 Ib (0.12 kg) Projectile Body Material Molded polyethylene plastic Color | Black with white markings Filler | 20 24 g metal pellets Fuze | None Case Components Cartridge Case | M199 Propellant | 186 mg M2 Primer | 0.45 cal, Remington, No. 2-1/2 percussion Performance Maximum Range | 98 ft (30 m) Muzzle Velocity | 885 fps (269 mps) hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfinartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml sitsar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Gr Arming Range | N/A Use: The M576 cartridge is intended for use in counter-insurgency and conventional operations in jungle environments, particularly during periods of poor visibility where personnel targets appear at short distances without warning and are vulnerably exposed only fleetingly. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a multiple projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile assembly includes a polyethylene sabot carrier with one center cavity and several smaller cavities around the outside perimeter. A plastic pellet cup filled with 20 metal pellets is fitted into the center cavity and is covered by a snap on cap. The outer cavities act as air scoops. An obturator on the rear of the sabot serves as a propellant gas seal between the cartridge case and the sabot. The round has no mechanical-type fuze. The projectile assembly is crimped into the cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered cylinder with a metal closing plug crimped into the open well of the propellant chamber in the cartridge base. The propellant chamber acts as a high-pressure chamber and has ten vent holes in the top sealed by a copper disk. The upper hollow cavity in the case serves as a low-pressure chamber. A percussion primer is crimped into a center opening in the closing plug. Functi The weapon firing pin strikes the primer which ignites the propelling charge. Gases from the burning propellant expand in the high-pressure chamber. The pressure ruptures the copper disk allowing the expanding gases to escape through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber. Continuing gas expansion forces the projectile through the launcher tube. Setback force from cartridge ignition causes the pellet cup in the sabot carrier to move rearward, This movement disengages the cap from the pellet cup. Upon reaching the muzzle, the sabot carrier and pellet cup are discarded allowing the metal pellets free flight to the target. Effect: Though it is a multipurpose round, the M576 is most effective in thick vegetated areas or for room clearing. Be sure to aim buckshot rounds at the foot of the target. M583, M583A1 40mm White Star Parachute Cartridge M661 40mm Green Star Parachute Cartridge M662 40mm Red Star Parachute Cartridge hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml sitsar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades PARACHUTE. oawve SUSPENSION CHAIN. PROJECTILE BODY FLARE CANDLE 5.272 MAK ROTATING BAND: © RING. EJECTION CHARGE IGNITION DELAY Low PRESSURE ELEMENT CHAMBER CARTRIDGE CASE PROPELLANT CUP BASE PLUG. COUE | PROPELLANT CHARGE: VENT PRIMER CLOSING PLUG. Complete Round Type | Star Parachute Classification MS83A1: 1985 Date M583: $39 (Fiscal Year 2005), M583: $53 (Fiscal Year 2007), M661: $73 it Cost Unit Cos (Fiscal Year 2010) Length | 5.272 in (133.9 mm) Weight | 0.49 Ib (0.22 kg) Projectile Body Material | Impact or bar alloy aluminum White with black markings Illumination composition. M583A1: 93 g. M661: 86 g. M662: 85g None Case Components Cartridge Case | M195 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 percussion Performance Burst Height | 600 ft (183 m) hepihwaineres conga yfinartrylgrenadaladmm_ammo ml riesar2n0 4omm Low-Velecity Grenades Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | N/A Average M583A1: 90,000. M661: 8,000. M662: 20,000. Candlepower Use: The star parachute round is used for illumination and signals and is lighter and more accurate than comparable handheld signal rounds. This item is Code A, approved for service use. This is a training standard item used in both training and combat. Descripti The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile has a one piece, hollow aluminum body with a metal rotating band. A plastic ogive, embossed with a raised letter for night identification of payload, is snapped into an O-ring in the front opening of the projectile cavity. The cavity contains a pyrotechnic flare candle assembly, and an integral ignition/ejection charge attached to a 20 inch diameter parachute. The projectile has a 4 to 5 second delay ignition element crimped into the center opening of a metal delay carrier. The projectile is press-fitted into an O-ring in the front opening of the cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered cylinder with a metal closing plug crimped into the base of the cartridge case. The propellant cup is sealed on the bottom by the closing plug. The cup acts as a high-pressure chamber, and the cavity in the case surrounding the cup acts as a low-pressure chamber. A percussion primer is crimped into a center opening in the closing plug. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the primer ing the propelling charge. Gases from the burning propellant expand in the high- pressure chamber. This pressure ruptures the propellant cup, and the pressure escapes through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber, propelling the projectile forward with the velocity required to reach the burst altitude. The burning propellant also ignites the .5 second delay element in the base of the projectile. The rotating band engages the rifling in the launcher tube to impart a spin of 3,750 rpm to the projectile. At the end of the delay, the delay element ignites the ejection charge. The ejection charge ignites the candle and blows the candle assembly out through the top of the projectile body. The attached parachute deploys upon ejection to lower the candle at 7 feet per pho ineres.comgpiiaryinentryigrenadel4omm _ammo him 22188ar2n0 40 mm Low-Velocty Grenades second (2 mps). The candle burns for approximately 40 seconds. The candle functions at an altitude of 500 to 700 feet when fired vertically and is visible to an air observer at a slant range of at least 3 miles from 3000 feet altitude. M583A1 White U.S. Army photo \627x477, 65K, JPEG| M661 Green U.S. Army photo 1626x477, 63K, JPEG] M662 Red U.S. Army photo 1627x477, 64K, JPEG| WHITE STAR PARACHUTE. ‘M583A1 z 3 ¥ 8 8 2 & 3 LOTUCXK sta, CHARGES. EJECTION! ‘CHARGE vent Com, hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml o% priméR e Round DELAY ELEMENT ROTATING BAND PROPELLANT CUP CLOSING PLUG 1gIVE ‘ORING PROJECTILE ‘BoDY Low pnessuRe CHAMBERar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Type | White Star Cluster Classification Date | ? Unit Cost | $48 (Fiscal Year 2005), $46 (FY 2008) Length | 5.268 in (133.8 mm) ht | 0.41 Ib (0.19 kg) Projectile Body Material | Impact or bar alloy aluminum Color | White with black markings Filler | 85 g illumination composition (each pellet 17 g) Fuze | None Case Components Cartridge Case | M195 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 percussion Performance Burst Height | 548 ft (167 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | N/A Average Candlepower | 55,000 Burn Time | 5 seconds minimum Use: The M585 cartridge is designed for illumination and signaling with less weight and bulk and greater accuracy than comparable hand-held signals. This item is Code A, approved for service use. This is a training standard item used in both training and combat. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile has a one piece, hollow aluminum body with a rotating band. A plastic ogive, embossed with a raised "W" for night identification of payload color and five raised dots to identify a cluster round, is snapped into an O-ring in the front opening of the projectile cavity. The cavity contains an illuminant candle assembly of five white star charges and a black powder ejection charge. The star charges are contained in phenolic-coated Kraft paper and mounted on a base plug of similar material over the ejection charge. A 5 second delay pyrotechnic ignition charge is fitted into the center of the projectile base. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 01sar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades The projectile assembly is fitted into the cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi- chambered cylinder with a metal closing plug crimped into the base of the cartridge case. The propellant cup is sealed at the bottom by the closing plug. The cup acts as a high-pressure chamber, and the cavity surrounding the cup in the cartridge case acts as a low-pressure chamber. A percussion primer is crimped into a center opening in the closing plug. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the primer igniting the propelling charge. Gases from the burning propellant expand in the high-pressure chamber. The pressure ruptures the propellant cup and the gas pressure escapes through the vents into the low-pressure chamber. The expanding gases propel the projectile through the launcher tube with a muzzle velocity of 76 mps and reaches a burst altitude of 550 feet at a quadrant elevation of 85°. The burning propellant also ignites the delay element in the base of the projectile. Within 4 to 5 seconds after firing, the delay element ignites the ejection charge. The ejection charge ignites the star charges and blows the candle assembly out through the top of the projectile body. The individual stars burn for approximately 7 seconds during free fall and produce 55,000 candlepower. MS85 White Star Cluster| U.S. Army photo 625x477, 60K, JPEG M651 Tactical CS Cartridge hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 3116ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades ROTATING BANDS PROJECTILE CARTRIDGE CASE IDENTIFICATION NOTCH PERCUSSION PRIMER Complete Round Type | CS Classification Date | ? Unit Cost | ? Length | 4.57 in (116.1 mm) Weight | 0.63 Ib (0.29 kg) Projectile Body Material | Impact or bar alloy aluminum Color | Gray projectile with red markings and red band Filler | 57 g CS-pyrotechnic mixture Fuze | M581 point detonating Weight | 0.45 Ib (0.205 kg) Case Components Cartridge Case |? Propellant | ? Primer | Percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfinartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 3216ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Maximum Accurate Range | 656 ft (200 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | 33 - 98 ft (10 - 30 m) CS Burn Time | 20 to 30 seconds Area Coverage | 144 yd2 (120 m2) Use: Though it is a multipurpose round, the M651 is most effective for riot control and in military operations on urbanized terrain (MOUT). This chemical round is used to drive the enemy from bunkers or enclosed positions in built-up areas. It produces a white cloud of CS gas on impact. Description: The M651 cartridge is similar in appearance to other 40mm cartridges but has a flat nose. Two ridges act as projectile rotating bands when the round is fired. The cartridge case contains a percussion primer and has six equally spaced notches located around the cartridge case base. The 1/4 inch wide red band on the gray projectile indicates that the CS filling is a non-persistent-effect irritant agent. The round is filled with about 2 ounces (57 g) of CS pyrotechnic mix containing approximately 0.75 ounces (21 g) of CS. Effect: Maximum accuracy is obtained at ranges up to 219 yards (200 m). Area targets may be engaged up to 437 yards (400 m). This projectile can penetrate window glass or up to 3/4 inch (19 mm) thick pine at 656 feet (200 m) and still release CS. The projectiles will also function against other materials such as earth, gravel, brush, sandbags, and bamboo. Following impact, a cloud of CS is emitted for approximately 25 seconds. Area coverage: approximately 144 square yards (120 square meters). Two cartridges effectively placed will incapacitate 95% of unmasked personnel in an enclosure of 15 by 30 by 20 feet within 60 seconds after functioning. Firing the M651 cartridge into water will increase the dud rate and decrease the amount of CS cloud disseminated. The M651 cartridges are not explosive rounds; however, a malfunctioning projectile may explode upon target impact. M676 40mm Yellow Smoke Canopy Cartridge M680 40mm White Smoke Canopy Cartridge M682 40mm Red Smoke Canopy Cartridge hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 3316ar2n0 5212 CARTRIDGE 40MM YELLOW SMOKE ‘CANOPY M676 JAMM LOTIX< JCASE 40MM: PRI 40mm Low-Velecty Grenades PARACHUTE ‘200¥ GAS CHECK Disc: SMOKE ‘COMPOSITION CANISTER IGNITION ‘CANDLE SPACER. EJECTION CHARGE DELAY CARRIER. DELAY IGNITION cHance PROPELLANT CUP PROPELLANT HIGH PRESSURE PROPELLANT CHAMBER’ CLOSING FLU PRIMER OSING PLUG Complete Round Type Classification Date Smoke Canopy Unit Cost | ? Length 5.212 in (132.4 mm) Weight 0.48 Ib (0.22 kg) Body Material Impact or bar alloy aluminum Color} Light green with black markings red. Smoke composition, M676: 59 g yellow. M680: 59 g white. M682: 80 g None Case Components M195 Cartridge Case Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer Ma2 percussion Performance Burst Height 300 ft (91 m) hepihwaneres.comvgpiitaryfinartrylgrnadalddmm_ammo mlar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | N/A Smoke Burn Time | 90 seconds minimum Use: This cartridge is designed for accurately marking the position of a man or unit located beneath moderately thick foliage for aerial observation. The cartridge has the advantage of less weight and bulk and greater accuracy than comparable existing signals. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile is a hollow, one-piece aluminum body with a rotating band. A plastic ogive is snapped into an O-ring in the front opening of the projectile cavity. The color of the ogive denotes smoke color. The cavity contains a pyrotechnic ignition candle and an aluminum canister containing yellow smoke composition attached to a rotating "X" type parachute. A 2 second ignition delay element is crimped into the center of the metal delay carrier. The delay carrier is threaded into the projectile base. A cavity about the delay element contains an ejection charge pellet consisting of 1.2 grams of black powder. The igniter and smoke canister are seated above the ejection charge in the projectile cavity. The projectile assembly is press-fitted into an O-ring in the cartridge case opening. The case is a hollow aluminum bi-chambered cylinder with a metal closing plug crimped into the base of the cartridge case. The propellant cup is, sealed in the bottom by the closing plug. A percussion primer is fitted into the center of the closing plug. The cup acts as a high-pressure chamber, and the cavity around the cup in the cartridge case acts as a low-pressure chamber. Functioning: The weapon firing pin strikes the primer igniting the propelling charge. Gases from the burning propellant expand in the high-pressure chamber. This pressure causes the propellant cup to rupture, forcing the gases to escape through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber to propel the projectile through the launcher barre! with a muzzle velocity of 76 mps and reaches a burst altitude of 300 feet at a quadrant elevation of 85°. Concurrently, the propellant gases ignite a 2 second delay element in the base of the projectile. The rotating band engages the rifling in the launcher barrel to impart a spin of 3,750 rpm to the projectile. Approximately two seconds after firing, the delay element ignites the ejection charge. The ejection charge ejects the smoke canister and parachute assembly out the top of the projectile body and simultaneously ignites the smoke candle. The parachute deploys upon ejection. The smoke canister descends emitting a 90 second smoke signal and becomes entangled in the dense foliage by means of the "X" type parachute. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 36146ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades M713 40mm Red Smoke Ground Marker Cartridge M715 40mm Green Smoke Ground Marker Cartridge M716 40mm Yellow Smoke Ground Marker Cartridge CAI IDENTIFICATION MARKING hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml L Complete Round PROJECTLE ASSEMBLY Lo» omplete Roun: Q type | Smoke Ground AN Y YP* | warker roll Pl Gastonia WA GF: Date Y AAA _ rrnorecime = nome LAA aA SIE [unit cost > SSN 3.91 in (99.3 y AY tena i UN Yi INR Weight woe _ NZIS Projectile PROPELLANT CUP Goay Al CARTRIDGE CASE It senctnsowennen Materiat | Aluminum Light green Color | with black ast rus markings Filter | 75.9 S0Ke compositionar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades M733 impact Fuze pyrotechnic Case Components Cartridge M118 Case Propellant | 330 mg M9 FED 100 percussion Primer Performance Maximum | 1,312 ft (400 Range | m) Muzzle | 250 fps (76 Velocity | mps) Arming | 50 - 150 ft (15 Range | - 45 m) ‘Smoke Burn | 17 seconds Time | minimum Use: These rounds are not for screening. They are used for aerial identification and for marking the location of soldiers on the ground. The difference among the models is the color of the smoke. Description: The cartridges consist of a cartridge case, a projectile with pyrotechnic smoke payload, and a pyrotechnic impact fuze. The projectiles utilize a one-piece aluminum body ogive and a steel base. The payload consists of a pyrotechnic smoke mixture pressed into the body-ogive with a cylindrical cavity in the center. The fuze is cemented to the base of the projectile and protrudes into the cylindrical cavity of the smoke mixture, The fuze is designed to arm at a minimum of 15 meters and a maximum of 45 meters from the muzzle of the weapon. The cartridge case is a dual-chambered aluminum container housing a brass propellant cup. The propellant cup is held in the case by a crimped base plug which provides a pressure-type waterproof seal. The base plug houses a percussion primer. Functioning: Upon firing the primer ignites the propelling charge. In turn, the projectile is accelerated down the launcher barrel where a spin of 3,750 rpm is imparted by the barrel rifling. A muzzle velocity of approximately 250 fps is attained. In addition to launching the projectile, the propellant gases ignite the first fire hepihwaineres.comvigpiiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml risar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades mixture of the fuze in the base of the projectile. The first fire mixture ignites a high-temperature transfer mixture contained in the steel cup, The transfer mixture burns during the first 15 meters of projectile flight. When the projectile is between 15 and 45 meters from the launcher muzzle, heat transfer through the steel cup ignites the delay mixture. Upon impact, the delay casing breaks and the burning portion flies forward out of the fuze support, contacting and igniting the pyrotechnic smoke mixture. Ignition of the smoke mixture causes a buildup of pressure which dislodges the fuze support at the aft end of the projectile thus allowing smoke to be emitted at the aft end of the projectile. Projectile impact prior to the minimum arming distance (15 meters) results in a dud. Between 15 and 45 meters from the launcher muzzle, the fuze may or may not function on impact. In the event the fuze fails to function upon impact, the output mixture provided in the front end of the delay casing acts as a backup to the impact feature. When the flame reaches this point (8 to 10 seconds after launch) the output mixture flashes and ignites the smoke mixture. CARTRIDGE, 40Hm: GROUND MARKER, M781 40mm Practice Cartridge Complete Round Type | Practice Classification Date | 1978 Unit cost | $5 (Fiscal Year 2005), $7 (FY 2010) Length | 4.05 in (102.9 mm) epihwwineres.comvigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo mlar2n0 40mm Low-Velocity Grenades Weight | 0.45 Ib (0.205 kg) Projectile Body Material | Zinc or aluminum Color | Blue with white markings Filler | Orange dye Fuze | None Case Components Cartridge Case | M212 Propellant | 340 mg M9 Primer | Commercial 1-1/2 percussion Performance Maximum Range | 1,312 ft (400 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | N/A Danger Radius | 66 ft (20 m) Use: The M781 cartridge is a fixed, practice type ammunition. The M781 replaced the M407 practice cartridge. This item is Code A, approved for service use. This is a training unique item; not used in combat. Description: This cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a metal projectile body with a rotating band and a cartridge case assembly. A hollow plastic ogive is filled with a high visibility yellow-orange dye. The projectile assembly is attached to a cartridge case with an attached adhesive substance. The case is a hollow bi-chambered plastic cylinder. A .38 caliber blank cartridge is press-fitted into the base of the cartridge case and provides the gas pressure needed to propel the projectile through the launcher barrel Functi The weapon firing pin strikes the .38 caliber blank cartridge primer igniting the propelling charge. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to release the expanding propellant gases through the vent hole into the low- pressure chamber. The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting a spin of 3,600 rpm to the projectile. The pressure created by the expanding propellant gases in the low-pressure chamber, forces the projectile through the tube with a velocity of 76 meters per second, hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 3916ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Upon impact with the target, the frangible ogive ruptures and releases the dye causing a puff of yellow-orange smoke which simulates explosive impact. M781 Practice U.S. Army photo 597x478, 48K, JPEG| M992 40mm Infrared Illuminant Cartridge = PARACHUTE GIVE 2 O RING SUSPENSION xk CHAIN PROJECTILE sac“ BODY = Bro FLARE 6.272) 32m CANISTER. § “_- CANDLE MAX oZze3 x (INFRARED) ose = ROTATING z5e baz BAND es” EJECTION $ ORING CHARGE IGNITION DELAY PRESSURE i ELEMENT CHAMBER’ Te | CARTRIDGE BASE PLUG: a PROPELLANT CASE 40MM PRIME] PROPELLANT. NT M195 DOCK) CHARGE —, CLOSING PRIMER PLUG Complete Round Type | IR Star Parachute Classification Date | February 96 Unit Cost | $94 (Fiscal Year 2010) Length | 5.272 in (133.9 mm) Weight | 0.49 Ib (0.22 kg) Projectile Body Mater Impact or bar alloy aluminum bepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo mlar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Color | White with black markings, orange band Filler | 50 g Illumination composition Fuze | None Case Components Cartridge Case | M195 Propellant | 330 mg M9 Primer | M42 percussion Performance Burst height | 600 ft (183 m) Muzzle Velocity | 250 fps (76 mps) Arming Range | N/A Maximum Visible Candlepower | 350 Burn Time | 30 seconds minimum Use: The M992 infrared illuminant cartridge will enhance night visibility while using night vision devices. This item is Code A, approved for service use. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile has a one-piece, hollow aluminum body with a metal rotating band. A plastic ogive, embossed with a raised letter for night identification of payload, is snapped into an O-ring in the front opening of the projectile cavity. The cavity contains a pyrotechnic flare candle assembly, and an integral ignition/ejection charge attached to a 20 inch diameter parachute. The projectile has a 4 to 5 second delay ignition element crimped into the center opening of a metal delay carrier. The projectile is press-fitted into an O-ring in the front opening of the cartridge case. The case is a hollow bi-chambered cylinder with a metal closing plug crimped into the base of the cartridge case. The propellant cup is sealed on the bottom by the closing plug. The cup acts as a high-pressure chamber, and the cavity in the case surrounding the cup acts as a low-pressure chamber. A percussion primer is crimped into a center opening in the closing plug. Funct! 9: The weapon firing pin strikes the primer igniting the propelling charge. Gases from the burning propellant expand in the high-pressure chamber. This pressure ruptures the propellant cup, and the pressure escapes through the vent holes into the low-pressure chamber, propelling the projectile forward with the velocity required to reach the burst altitude. The burning propellant also ignites the 5 second delay element in the base of the projectile. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml ni,ar2n0 GREEN NOSE (#34540) LOT XXXX CARTRIDGE, 40MM NON-LETHAL, M1006 hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml The rotating band engages the rifling in the |auncher tube to impart a spin of 3,750 rpm to the projectile. At the end of the delay, the delay element ignites the ejection charge. The ejection charge ignites the candle and blows the candie assembly out through the top of the projectile body. The attached parachute deploys upon ejection to lower the candle at 7 feet per second. The candle burns for approximately 40 seconds. The candle functions at an altitude of 500 to 700 feet when fired vertically. M1006 40mm Non-Lethal (Sponge Grenade) Cartridge 40mm Low-Velecty Grenades Complete Round Type | Non-Lethal Classification Date | April 1999 Unit Cost | $23 (2003) Length | 3.95 in (100.3 mm) Weight | 0.15 Ib (0.068 kg) Projectile Ogive Material | Foam rubber Ogive Color | Green Body Material | High density plastic Body Color | Black Filler | None Fuze | None Weight | 0.06 pounds (0.0285 kg) Case Components Cartridge Case | M212 Propellant | 130 mg Winchester mix Primer | Percussion Performance Engagement 33 - 164 ft (10 - 50 m) Range 265 +20 fps (81 +6 Muzzle Velocity ¥) mps) Arming Range | N/A 2216ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades Use: The M1006 is used to incapacitate personnel without penetrating the person's body. It is used for riot control, policing and peace keeping situations. This round is most effective against individually selected targets (point round). Do not skip fire this round! Round becomes unpredictable upon striking the ground. This item is Code A, approved for Service use. Description: The cartridge is a fixed round of ammunition consisting of a projectile assembly and a cartridge case assembly. The projectile has a foam rubber nose and a high density plastic body. The projectile assembly is attached to the cartridge case by an adhesive. The cartridge case is a hollow bi-chambered plastic cylinder. Into the base of the cartridge case is pressed an aluminum insert which holds a brass 32 caliber case. The brass case holds the propellant and primer. Functioning: The weapon pin strikes the primer igniting the propelling charge. The burning propelling charge generates sufficient pressure to release the expanding propellant gases through the vent hole into the low-pressure chamber. The rotating band around the projectile engages the rifling in the launcher tube imparting a spin of 3,600 rpm to the projectile. The pressure, created by the expanding gases in the low-pressure chamber, forces the projectile through the tube with a velocity of 265 feet per second. Upon impact with an individual, force is generated to incapacitate without causing a fatality. Effect: Fatal injuries are possible at employment distances of less than 10 meters. Beyond 50 meters, the kinetic energy dissipates to the point where the round becomes ineffective. M1029 40mm Crowd Dispersal Cartridge hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml 43186ar2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades PAINT SEAL UPPER WAD |—— RUBBER BALLS — 40MM SHELL CASE FIBER SLEEVE GAS SEAL = SMOKELESS @ POWDER Complete Round PRIMER Type | Non-Lethal Classification Date | May 2001 $17 (Fiscal Year Unit Cost | > o8) Length | 4.8 in (121.9 mm) Weight | 0.47 Ib (0.213 kg) Projectile Body Material | ‘/* Color | White cap 48 black hard Filler | rubber 48-caliber balls Fuze | None Case Components Cartridge | , Case|" Propellant | 0.58 g Primer | Percussion Performance hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo mlenzo 4omm Low Velocity Grenades Maximum | 328 ft (100 m) Range 50 - 100 ft (15 - 30 m) Effective Range Muzzle | 375 +25 fps (114 Velocity | +8 mps) Arming Range | VA Use: The M1029 Crowd Dispersal Cartridge (CDC) is used to incapacitate personnel without any penetrations to the individual's body. It is used for riot control, policing, and peace keeping situations. This direct fire, low-hazard, non- shrapnel-producing, multiple ball projectile provides friendly forces the capability to conduct crowd control. The CDC uses non-lethal, blunt trauma to stop, confuse, disorient, and/or temporarily incapacitate personnel and increase standoff distance between friendly forces and the hostile crowd. Primarily designed as an area effect munition, the CDC can be used on individuals. Description: The CDC is an aluminum cartridge of similar proportions to standard 40mm illuminant cartridges, but with no separate cartridge case. A fiberboard sleeve and plastic cover contain the internal non-lethal payload which consists of 48 black hard rubber 48-caliber balls. Functioning: When the primer is struck by the firing pin, expanding gases from the propellant push against the gas seal. This causes the fiberboard sleeve to push the upper wad down the muzzle and expel the rubber balls. Effect: Fatal injuries are possible at employment distances of less than 10 m. Beyond 30 meters the kinetic energy dissipates until the rubber balls become ineffective. Last updated: 25-FEB-2010: Major revision using data and art from TM 43-0001-28, TM 3-1310- 243-10. Copyright ©2005-2010 Gary W. Cooke ‘To the best of my knowledge all military data an Images presented in these pages are UNCLASSIFIED, NON-SENSITIVE, and approved for public release. Sources; FM 3-11; Flame, Riot Control Agents, and Herbicide Operations, August 1996, M651 data, FM 3-19.15: Civil Disturbance Operations, April 2005. M1006, Mi029 pictures and data. FM 3-22'31: 40-mm Grenade Launcher, 203, March 2007. M781 art MCWP 3.35.3: U.S. Marine Corps Military Operations an Urbanized Terrain (MOUT). 433 penetration data, TM 3-1310-243-10: M651 Operator's Manual, January 1975. ‘TM 9-1010-205-10: M79 Operator's Manual, June 1992. ‘TM 9-1010-221-10: M203/M203A1 Operator's Manual, August 2001, ‘TM -1300-251-348 Rev. 11: Artillery Ammunition Maintenance Manual, 2008, TM 43-000:-28: Army Ammunition Data Sheets for Artillery Ammunition, C15, October 2006. U.S. Army RDECOM 2009 Grenade Ammunition Panel Papers briefs. US. Army RDECOM “Product Improvement 40mm Ammunition,” May 2005. hepihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml sitear2n0 40mm Low-Velecity Grenades U.S. Army RDECOM "XM1158 - 40mm Proximity Fuze - EXPLOSIVE TRAIN," May 2009. U'S. ARMY/RDECOM-ARDEC "Baselining of the 40mm Family of Ammunition,’ 2005, 2009, 2010 Army Procurement of Ammunition Budget Estimates, U.S. army Cannon Caliber Ammunition Branch website epihwaineres.comigpiitaryfirartrylgrenadalddmm_ammo ml