Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Scaffolding, Shoring
& Forming Institute, Inc.
1300 Sumner Ave
Cleveland, Ohio 44115-2851
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Sponsor
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Scaffolding,
Shoring &
Forming
Institute
NOTICE:
Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute standards and
procedures may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The
procedures of the SSFI require that action be taken to reaffirm,
revise, or withdraw standards and recommended procedures no
later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of
Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute standards and
procedures may receive current information on all documents by
calling or writing the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute.
ii
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
CONTENTS
PAGE
Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................iv
1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................1
2. Scope ...........................................................................................................................................1
3. Definitions .....................................................................................................................................1-4
4. General Test Requirements ...........................................................................................................5-6
5. Test Procedures .............................................................................................................................6-15
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
Methods for Testing and Rating Tube and Coupler Scaffold Components ..........................6-8
Methods for Testing and Rating Welded Frame Scaffold Assemblies .................................9
Methods for Testing and Rating System Scaffold Assemblies .............................................10-11
Methods for Testing and Rating Guardrail Scaffold Components........................................11
Methods for Testing and Rating Screwjack Scaffold Components ......................................12
Methods for Testing and Rating Caster Scaffold Components.............................................12-13
Methods for Testing and Rating Putlog Scaffold Assemblies ..............................................14
Methods for Testing and Rating Side and End Bracket Scaffold Components ....................15
Appendices
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Appendix H
Figures
Figures 5.1A 5.1D ...........................................................................................................................29-31
Figures 5.2A 5.2B ...........................................................................................................................32-33
Figures 5.3A 5.3C............................................................................................................................34-36
Figures 5.4A 5.4C............................................................................................................................37
Figure 5.5A.........................................................................................................................................38
Figures 5.6A 5.6G ...........................................................................................................................39-40
Figure 5.7A.........................................................................................................................................41
Figure 5.8A 5.8B .............................................................................................................................41-42
iii
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Foreword
(This foreword is included for information only and is not part of SSFI SC100 Standard for Testing and Rating
Scaffold Assemblies and Components.)
This SSFI standard was developed by the Scaffolding Section and the Scaffold Standards Committee of the
Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute, Inc. as an assistance and guide to the manufacturers, purchasers,
and users of scaffolding. It provides methods for testing and rating scaffold assemblies and components.
The methods in this standard are intended to provide a means of comparison only. Due to the wide variety
of situation specific factors involved in the use of scaffolds, it is not possible to develop a method that will
apply to all possible situations while still providing useful information upon which comparisons can be
made. The ratings derived from the methods in this standard apply to the specific conditions contained in
the test procedures. The ratings are not intended to represent actual use conditions, but, rather, they are
intended to provide a reference point at which a comparison can be made. Users, purchasers, specifiers, and
other interested parties should contact the manufacturer for ratings of specific configurations.
SSFI employed the canvass method to demonstrate consensus and to gain approval as an American National
Standard. The ANSI Board of Standards Review granted approval as an American National Standard on
May 24, 2005.
SSFI recognizes the need to periodically review and update this standard. All questions or suggestions for
improvement should be forwarded to the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute, Inc., 1300 Sumner
Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44115-2851. All constructive suggestions for expansion and revision of this
standard are welcome.
The existence of a Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute (SSFI) standard or recommended procedure
does not in any respect preclude any member or non-member from manufacturing or selling products not
conforming to the standard or recommended procedure and the SSFI is not responsible for the use of the
standard or recommended procedure.
At the time this standard was developed, the following were members of the SSFI Scaffold Section:
P. O. Box 20492
Phoenix, AZ 85036
bil-jax, inc.
Layher Inc.
iv
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
2 Scope
This standard provides methods for testing and rating the performance of the following:
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3 Definitions
3.1
Accessories Those items other than frames, braces, post shores, end frame access ladders and horizontal
locking trusses used to facilitate the construction of scaffolds.
3.2
3.3
Allowable Load or Rated Load* The ultimate load or the slip load divided by a factor of safety.
3.4
3.5
Bay The space between two adjacent posts along the face of a system scaffold.
3.6
Caster Capacity The maximum recommended load per caster or wheel. Capacity is based on intermittent duty
over smooth surfaces at speeds not exceeding 3 m.p.h., no shock loads or adverse environment conditions.
3.7
Caster A pivoting wheel, containing a wheel lock and a swivel lock which is attached to the base of a scaffold
tower for manual movement of the scaffold.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
3.8
Caster Size A method of classifying casters based on the nominal diameter of the wheel.
3.9
3.10
Coupler Or Clamp* A device for locking together the component parts of a tubular metal scaffold.
3.11
Coupler, Right Angle Also known as a clamp - A device used to fasten scaffold tubes or pipes together at right
angles.
3.12
Coupler, Swivel - Also known as an adjustable coupler or clamp - A device used to fasten scaffold bracing
members together at angles other than right angles.
3.13
Coupling Pin Or Sprocket* An insert device used to connect lifts, tiers, or posts vertically
3.14
Cross Bracing A system of members which connect frames or panels of scaffolding laterally to make a tower
or continuous structure.
3.15
Diagonals Fixed length members sized to fit with the appropriate horizontal members of the scaffold.
3.16
3.17
End Connector A device attached to the ends of scaffold tubing (pipe) used to fasten the tubes together end for
end.
3.18
Extension Device Any device, other than an adjustment screw, used to obtain vertical adjustment of
scaffolding equipment.
3.19
Factor of Safety The ratio of ultimate load to the allowable load. In the case of coupler slippage, the ratio of
the slip load to the allowable load.
3.20
Flat Top A level mounting surface above the bearing plate of the caster.
3.21
3.22
Guardrail A rail system erected along the open sides and ends of platforms. The rail system consists of a
toprail and midrail and their supports.
3.23
Horizontals Fixed length members with a fitting built into each end for attaching to posts at locking cups or
rings. Used as bearers, runners and guardrails.
3.24
Horn The part of the caster that comprises legs plus the horn base of a swivel caster or the mounting plate of a
rigid caster.
3.25
Independent Testing Laboratory An organization or company which is not affiliated with a scaffold
manufacturer and which conducts tests of scaffold assemblies and components. An Independent Testing
Laboratory shall be designated as a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL), or shall be accredited
by the American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA), or shall be accredited by the National
Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP), or shall be accredited or certified by an equivalent
nationally or internationally recognized association or agency.
3.26
King Pin A rivet, stem stud or bolt with nut used to hold the mounting plate and horn assembly of a swivel
caster together.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
3.27
Leg Vertical load bearing component of frame or panel (see also, post).
3.28
Lifts Or Tiers* In welded frame scaffolds, the number of frames erected one above another in a vertical
direction. In other scaffolds, the assembly of bearers and runners forming each horizontal level of a scaffold.
3.29
Live Load The total weight of workers, equipment and other loads that will exist and move about on a
scaffold.
3.30
Load Bearing Member Any component of a scaffold which is directly subjected to load.
3.31
Locking Device A device used to secure the cross brace to the frame or panel.
3.32
Mounting Plate The flat base, usually with 4 mounting holes, that forms the top of the caster. This permits
attachment by bolting or welding to the scaffold.
3.33
3.34
Offset The distance from the center of the kingpin to the center of the axle. Also called the swivel lead.
3.35
Overall Height (caster) The distance from the rolling surface to the top of the mounting plate.
3.36
3.37
Post or Standard The vertical component of a system scaffold, with locking cups or rings located at fixed
height increments for attaching horizontal bearers, runners, diagonals and accessories.
3.38
Putlog (truss) Horizontal load bearing component consisting of upper and lower chords supporting web
members.
3.39
3.40
3.41
Safe Leg Load The load that can be directly imposed, safely, on a scaffold post or leg. (See Allowable Load)
3.42
Scaffold Any temporary elevated platform (supported or suspended) and its supporting structure (including
points of anchorage), used for supporting employees or materials or both.
3.43
3.44
Screwjack A leveling device or jack composed of a threaded screw and an adjusting handle used for the
vertical adjustment of scaffolding.
3.45
3.46
Shore Heads Flat or formed metal pieces which are placed and centered on vertical members.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
3.47
Side Bracket A cantilevered component attached to a leg or post to extend the platform.
3.48
Sill or Mud Sill* A footing (usually wood) which distributes the vertical loads to the ground or slab below.
3.49
Span The horizontal distance between posts, columns, or upright support members.
3.50
3.51
3.52
Stem A vertical round bar on top of the mounting plate that may be inserted into a scaffold leg.
3.53
Swivel Brake A device that clamps onto the mounting plate, brake plate, or mounting plate assembly to
prevent the caster from turning.
3.54
3.55
Testing Apparatus or Fixture A special purpose device fabricated for the express purpose of testing scaffolding
and scaffolding components.
3.56
Testing Machine A device or apparatus used to apply a variable load to a component or assemblage of
components. Often found in universities, colleges and reputable testing laboratories.
3.57
Tower A composite structure of posts, horizontals and diagonals, or in welded frame scaffolds, a composite
structure of frames and cross bracing.
3.58
3.59
Tube And Coupler Equipment - An assembly used as a load-carrying structure consisting of tubing or pipe
which serves as posts, braces, and ties, a base supporting the posts, and special couplers which serve to connect
the uprights and join the various members.
3.60
Ultimate Load The maximum load which may be applied to a component or structure just prior to failure. In
the case of coupler slippage, the load required to move the coupler 1/4 of an inch along a tube.
3.61
Wheel Brake A device which prevents movement of the caster by clamping on to the wheel.
3.62
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
4.2.3.4 For wood equipment and accessories, ten successive tests if the maximum variation between the average
of the ten tests and each individual test result is 30%.
4.2.3.5 For wood equipment and accessories, 20 tests if the maximum variation between the average of the first
ten successive tests and each individual test result is greater than 30%.
4.3 Determination of Rating: With the exception of Guardrail Scaffold Components, the average obtained as
specified in 4.4 shall be divided by the appropriate factor of safety to determine ratings. The determination of
Guardrail Scaffold Component ratings are included in Section 5.4 of this standard.
4.4 Published Ratings: All published ratings and load charts prepared by utilizing this standard shall reference this
standard and, where applicable, shall clearly indicate the type of test conducted to determine the ratings.
4.5 Measurements: Thickness measurements, when required, shall be made with a suitable micrometer. All other
dimensions shall be made with a commercially obtainable measuring tape. All dimensions shall be reported to the
nearest 1/16 inch.
4.6 Certification of Tests: All tests shall be witnessed by a qualified engineer or independent testing laboratory which
shall be designated as a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL), or shall be accredited by the American
Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA), or shall be accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory
Accreditation Program (NVLAP), or shall be accredited or certified by an equivalent nationally or internationally
recognized association or agency. The qualified engineer or a representative of the independent testing laboratory
shall certify that the tests were performed in accordance with applicable provisions of this standard and that
recorded results are factual.
5 Test Procedures
5.1 Methods for Testing and Rating Tube and Coupler Scaffold Components
5.1.1 Scope: These procedures are intended to cover:
A. The compression, tension and buckling testing of tube (pipe) end connectors when assembled into the ends of
scaffold tube (pipe).
B. The strength and slip capacity of both right angle and swivel couplers.
C. Torque capacity of coupler bolt assembly (where applicable).
5.1.2 Test Apparatus: The following apparatus shall be used to conduct tests of end connectors and right angle and
swivel couplers
5.1.2.1 End Connector Test A device constructed to apply both a tension or compression load to a tube (pipe) end
connector as shown in figure 5.1A.
5.1.2.2 Right Angle and Swivel Coupler Test A device constructed to apply a slip load as shown in figure 5.1B or
a strength test load as shown in figure 5.1C.
5.1.3 Methods for Testing and Rating Tube (Pipe) End Connectors
5.1.3.1 Tension Test
5.1.3.1.1 Using randomly selected production tubes or pipes with end connectors installed, assemble two
sections as they would be assembled during a scaffold erection. Install the assemblies into a testing
machine or apparatus.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.1.3.1.2 Apply a tension load to the assembly (refer to figure 5.1A). Load shall be applied in 1,000 lb.
increments. Load shall be allowed to stabilize until measuring device shows no movement after 1
minute before the next load increment is applied.
5.1.3.1.3 The ultimate tensile load is achieved when the following occurs:
a. Joint failure occurs; or
b. The end connector slips a maximum of 1/4 inch from the tube end; or
c. The tube ends separate 1/4 from each other, dependent on type of end-to-end connector
being used.
5.1.3.2 Compression Test
5.1.3.2.1 Apply a compression load to a separate assembly (refer to figure 5.1A).
5.1.3.2.2 Load shall be applied in 1,000 lb. increments. Load shall be allowed to stabilize until measuring
device shows no movement after 1 minute before the next load increment is applied.
5.1.3.2.3 The ultimate compression load is reached when:
a. The tube (pipe) splits or bends; or
b. The joint assembly will no longer support the test load; or
c. The tube ends separate 1/4 from each other, in the case of a parallel connector.
5.1.3.3 Buckling Test
5.1.3.3.1 Install end connectors on 3 foot 3 inch sections of tube (pipe), connect tubes (pipes) together and
install in a test apparatus.
5.1.3.3.2 Apply a compression load allowing end condition rotation as shown in figure 5.1A to assembly until
tube buckling failure.
5.1.3.3.3 Load shall be applied in 1,000 lb. increments. Load shall be allowed to stabilize until measuring
device shows no movement after 1 minute before the next load increment is applied.
5.1.3.3.4 After test, examine end connectors and attachments to tubes (pipes). Record the failure mode and
load at point of failure.
5.1.4 Methods for Testing and Rating Right Angle Couplers and Swivel Couplers: Using randomly selected production
couplers, install a coupler in test apparatus and test as follows:
5.1.4.1 Slip test
5.1.4.1.1 Fasten coupler around two, 1 foot min. long tubes (pipes) depending upon the coupler design.
Tighten coupler in accordance with manufacturers recommendations.
5.1.4.1.2 Install assembly in test apparatus and apply a load to the horizontal tube (pipe) in such a manner as to
equally load the tube (pipe) on either side of the coupler (see figure 5.1B). Using a measuring
device, monitor the coupler slip as load is applied.
5.1.4.1.3 Load shall be applied in steps of 500 lb. increments. Load shall be allowed to stabilize until
measuring device shows no movement after 1 minute before the next load increment is applied.
Couplers shall not be re-torqued during test.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.1.4.1.4 The slip load capacity is reached when the following occurs:
a. Ultimate load is reached; or
b. Coupler slips 1/4 of an inch down tube.
5.1.4.2 Strength test
5.1.4.2.1 Using solid bars, install a separate coupler into a test apparatus (see figure 5.1C) Tighten coupler in
accordance with manufacturers recommendations.
5.1.4.2.2 Apply a test load using a measuring device to monitor coupler elongation. Ultimate load is achieved
when failure of assembly occurs - (graph results).
5.1.5.2 Overtightening Test: Install coupler on a section of tube and clamp, pipe or tubing and tighten bolt. At
least twice the clamp manufacturers rated bolt/nut torque shall be achieved without permanent tube or
coupler distortion, load refusal or failure.
5.1.6 Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI Tube & Coupler Scaffold Component Test
Report Form (See Appendix A) including a test set-up sketch, a list of components, a graph of results (Load vs.
Movement) where applicable, mode of failure, rating determined through testing, and certification.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.2 Methods for Testing and Rating Welded Frame Scaffold Assemblies
5.2.1 Scope: This procedure is intended to cover the compression testing of welded frame scaffold assemblies.
5.2.2 Test Setup: The welded frame scaffold tower to be tested shall be erected in such a manner as to simulate field
conditions and shall be aligned vertically so that it is not out of plumb more than 1/8" in three feet and no more
than the diameter of the leg. No greater attempts should be made to adjust the components concentrically than
would be expected in actual use.
5.2.3 Loads
5.2.3.1 The load shall be applied directly on the load bearing members by use of load transfer beams or cross head
of testing machine; or directly by hydraulic jacks in an appropriate testing apparatus or fixture.
5.2.3.2 The welded frame scaffold tower shall be subjected to increasing loads until the ultimate load is reached.
5.2.3.3 The allowable limits for rate of loading on welded frame scaffold towers shall not be less than 5,000 lbs.
per minute nor more than 10,000 lbs. per minute.
5.2.3.4 The rate of loading in each test shall remain constant.
5.2.4 "A" Series Tests (Required)
5.2.4.1 Welded frame scaffold assemblies shall be tested one frame wide and one cross brace length long by three
frames high to arrive at an anticipated allowable leg load. The frame scaffold components shall be erected
into the above configuration composed of four vertical legs with normal manufacturers' recommended
bracing, freestanding, and with adjusting screws extended to 12 inches beyond the frame length on the
bottom. (See figure 5.2A).
5.2.4.2 The four legs of the test configuration shall be loaded until the ultimate load of the legs (Pult) is reached.
Determine the allowable leg load (Pall) for this configuration (and for use in the B series tests, if desired)
by dividing the ultimate leg load by the appropriate factor of safety.
5.2.5 "B" Series Tests (Optional)
5.2.5.1 After conducting "A" series tests, welded frame scaffold assemblies shall be tested one frame wide and two
cross brace lengths long by three frames high. The frame scaffold components shall be erected into the
above configuration composed of six vertical legs with normal manufacturers' recommended bracing
freestanding, and with adjusting screws extended to 12 inches beyond the frame length on the bottom. (See
figure 5.2B).
5.2.5.2 The six legs of the test configuration are to be loaded to the scaffold's anticipated leg load (Pall), as
determined by the "A" series test, and held at that value for one minute. Loading shall be continued on the
two legs of the center frame until the ultimate load of these two legs is reached. The ultimate load of the
center frame legs shall be the ultimate leg load for the welded frame system. Determine the allowable leg
load for this configuration by dividing the ultimate leg load by the appropriate factor of safety.
5.2.6 Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI Welded Frame Scaffold Assembly Test Report
Form (See Appendix B) including drawing of test setup and list of components with the following: ultimate total
test load, ultimate leg load, type of test, mode of failure, rating determined through testing, and certification.
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
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ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.3.6.2 The nine posts of the test configuration are to be loaded to the anticipated allowable post load (Pall), as
determined in the "A" series test, and held at that value for one minute.
5.3.6.3 Loading shall be continued on the post in the center of the bays until the ultimate load of the post is
reached. The ultimate load of the center post shall be the ultimate post load for the system scaffold when
used in this manner. Determine the allowable post load (Pall) for this configuration by dividing the ultimate
post load by the appropriate factor of safety.
5.3.7 Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI System Scaffold Assembly Test Report Form
(See Appendix C) including drawing of test setup and list of components with the following: ultimate total test
load, ultimate post load or component test load as applicable, type of test, mode of failure, rating determined
through testing, and certification.
Scope: This procedure is intended to cover the load testing of Guardrail Scaffold Components. Guardrail
Scaffold Components covered in this section include Guardrail Posts, Guardrails and intermediate level
Guardrail Panels.
5.4.2
Test Setup:
5.4.2.1 Guardrail Post: Attach post to a socket secured to a test apparatus. The socket shall be of the same
configuration and material as the standard attachment to a scaffold. Assembly shall be in accordance with
manufacturers recommendation. Post may be tested in either a vertical or horizontal position. Load shall
be applied to the uppermost node of the post. Apply load at a right angle to the post. A measuring device
shall be firmly attached that allows measurement of movement of the top of the guardrail post from its
original preloaded position. (See Figure 5.4A)
(Alternate method: Post may be tested attached to a scaffold setup either as a single post or the center post
of a two bay setup. Scaffold shall be restrained from tipping. Assembly shall be in accordance with
manufacturers recommendation.)
5.4.2.2 Guardrail: A scaffold structure or mock-up shall be erected that consists of the typical understructure
necessary to support a minimum of two guardrail posts on the outboard side of a scaffold bay(s) with a top
rail and mid rail between each pair of posts. If an intermediate level guardrail panel is to be tested, it shall
be attached directly to a scaffold structure. The scaffold shall be restrained from tipping during testing.
Assembly shall be in accordance with manufacturers recommendation. Load shall be applied to the center
point of the top rail. The device and apparatus used to apply the load shall be configured in such a manner
that allows the load to be applied in an outward and inward direction at a right angle to the guardrail and in
a downward (vertical) direction. A measuring device shall be firmly attached that allows measurement of
movement of the guardrail from its original preloaded position. (See Figure 5.4B and 5.4C)
5.4.3
Test Procedure
Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI Guardrail Scaffold Component Test Report
Form (see Appendix D) including drawing of test set-up, list of components, mode of failure, and certification.
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ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.5.1 Scope: This procedure is intended to cover the compression testing of screwjacks.
5.5.2 Test Apparatus: A device constructed to apply a compression load to a screwjack shall be used to conduct tests.
5.5.3 Test Procedure
5.5.3.1 Using randomly selected production screwjacks, move the handle of the screwjack upward until it is placed
at the manufacturer's maximum recommended extension, measured from the top of the base plate to the top
of the nut, without removing it from the jack.
5.5.3.2 Place the screwjack in the test machine or apparatus. Position a thick-walled tube on top of the jack handle.
The inside diameter of the thick-walled tube shall be the same inside diameter of the scaffold leg that
would be placed on the screwjack. (See figure 5.5A).
5.5.3.3 Apply a compressive load to the screwjack. The allowable limits for rate of loading on screwjacks shall not
be less than 5,000 lbs. per minute nor more than 10,000 lbs. per minute.
5.5.3.4 Increase load until the ultimate vertical load is achieved. Ultimate vertical load is achieved when the
following occurs:
a.
b.
c.
5.5.4 Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI Screwjack Scaffold Component Test Report
Form (See Appendix E) including drawing of test setup list of components, mode of failure, rating determined
through testing, and certification.
5.6 Methods for Testing and Rating Caster (with Lever Actuated Brakes and Swivel Lead) Scaffold Components
5.6.1 Scope: This procedure is intended to cover:
A. Radial torque testing of the caster stem/mounting plate.
B. Torque test of the swivel brake.
C. Torque test of the wheel brake.
D. Vertical load test of the caster.
5.6.2 Test Apparatus: The following apparatus shall be used to conduct tests of caster scaffold components:
5.6.2.1 Radial Torque Test: A device constructed to measure the rotational force. (See figures 5.6A and 5.6B).
5.6.2.2 Swivel Brake Torque Test: A device constructed to measure the brake capacity to prevent caster swivel.
(See figures 5.6C and 5.6D).
5.6.2.3 Wheel Brake Torque Test: A device constructed to measure the capacity of the brake to prevent wheel
rotation. (See figures 5.6E and 5.6F).
5.6.2.4 Vertical Load Test: A device used to measure the capacity of the caster to support a vertical load. (See
figure 5.6G).
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ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.6.3 Radial Torque Test Procedure: Using randomly selected production casters, install the caster into a testing
machine or apparatus and test as follows (note: not applicable to over center locking casters):
5.6.3.1 Place the caster in a device to secure the mounting plate and to prevent any movement in the testing
apparatus.
5.6.3.2 Apply radial torque to the stem or top plate of the caster in a slow and steady manner so that torque can be
measured. Increase load until the ultimate load is reached. The ultimate load is achieved when the caster
stem or top plate rotates on the mounting plate. (See figures 5.6A and 5.6B).
5.6.4 Swivel Brake Torque Test Procedure (note: not applicable to over center locking casters) : Using randomly
selected production casters, install the caster into a testing machine or apparatus and test as follows:
5.6.4.1 Mount the caster wheel in a fixed position in the test apparatus. Apply the brake until it is fully engaged.
5.6.4.2 Apply torque to the stem of the caster or the caster plate in a slow and steady manner so that torque can be
measured. Increase load until the ultimate load is reached. The ultimate load is achieved when the caster
stem or plate rotates. (See figures 5.6C and 5.6D).
5.6.4.3 Wheel Brake Torque Test: Using randomly selected production casters, install the caster into a testing
machine or apparatus and test as follows:
5.6.4.3.1 Place the caster wheel in a fixed position and apply the brake until it is fully engaged. Apply torque
radial to the axle bolt in the clockwise direction.
5.6.4.3.2 Apply torque in a slow and steady manner so that torque can be measured. Increase load until the
ultimate load is reached. The ultimate load is achieved when the brake slips on the surface of the
wheel. (See figures 5.6E and 5.6F).
5.6.4.3.3 Repeat procedure, applying torque radial to the axle bolt in a counterclockwise direction until
ultimate load is reached.
5.6.5 Vertical Load Test Procedure: Using randomly selected casters, install the caster into a testing machine or
apparatus and test as follows:
5.6.5.1 With the caster inversely mounted with the kingpin inserted in a rigid support with a 5 degree angle
between the stem and the vertical plane, apply a load vertically to the caster wheel. Load shall be applied
in increments of the manufacturers rated load. Load shall be allowed to stabilize until measuring device
shows no movement after 1 minute before the next load increment is applied.
5.6.5.2 The caster shall be removed at the manufacturers rated load for a visual inspection. After the caster is
placed back into the test apparatus, load shall be increased in increments of the manufacturers rated
load. The caster shall be removed and inspected at multiples of 2, 3, and 4 times the rated load.
5.6.5.3 Increase load until the ultimate load is reached. Ultimate load is reached when permanent deformation can
be seen in the stem, body or wheel of the caster or it becomes functionally impaired. (See figure 5.6G).
5.6.6 Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI Caster Scaffold Component Test Report Form
(See Appendix F) including drawing of test setup and list of components with the following: Ultimate Stem
Radial Torque Load, Ultimate Swivel Brake Torque Load, Ultimate Wheel Brake Torque Load, Ultimate Vertical
Load, Type of Test, mode of failure, rating determined through testing, and certification.
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ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
14
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
5.8 Methods for Testing and Rating Side and End Bracket Scaffold Components
5.8.1 Scope: This procedure is intended to cover distributed load testing procedures for scaffold side and end brackets.
5.8.2 Test Apparatus: Side and end brackets shall be tested on a scaffold for which they were designed to be used, and
in a configuration for which they are designed to be used or on an equivalent test apparatus that allows
simulation of actual loading conditions.
5.8.3 Procedure of Test
5.8.3.1 Assemble the bracket according the manufacturers recommendation. The test configuration shall be
comprised of a one tier high scaffold, one bay long, counterweighted to avoid overturning or of apparatus to
simulate actual load conditions. Prepare detailed illustration(s) of the test configuration.
5.8.3.2 Record on the test report the diameter of the tube on which the hanger of the bracket rests (See figures 5.8A
and 5.8B).
5.8.3.3 Measure the cantilever length of the bracket. (X in figures 5.8A and 5.8B). Measure the depth of the
bracket (Y in figures 5.8A and 5.8B). Record these values on the test report.
5.8.3.4 Weigh the platform material, if used. Record this value on the test report.
5.8.3.5 Determine whether this is a test for a hooked platform or a simply supported platform, or a simulated
uniform load. Record the appropriate entry in the test report.
5.8.3.6 Place the platform uniformly along the bracket ledger if used.
5.8.3.7 Begin loading the platform with load media. Load media shall be a material that allows natural deflection of
the platform. The load media shall be applied in layers with each new layer starting in the center of the
platform and working towards the ends in both directions, or apply load with test apparatus to simulate
uniform load
5.8.3.8 Continue to uniformly apply weight to the structure until load refusal occurs.
5.8.3.9 Determine the amount of load on the structure at the time of load refusal. Record that value in the test
report.
5.8.4 Report of Test Results: Test results shall be reported on the SSFI Side and End Bracket Scaffold Component Test
Report Form (See Appendix H) Include a sketch of the setup, a list of components, and specify the member that
refuses the load, mode of failure, ultimate load, allowable load, rating determined through testing, and
certification.
15
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix A
Manufacturer:
Test Date:
Test #:
End Connector
Test 1
Test Location:
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if
needed)
Tensile Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes, if needed)
Compression Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes if needed)
Buckling Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes if needed)
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if
needed)
Test 5 (if
needed)
Slip Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes if needed)
Tensile Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes if needed)
Swivel Coupler
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if
needed)
Test 5 (if
needed)
Slip Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes for addl space
if needed)
Center Rivet Load
Note Failure Mode (Use
Notes for addl space,
if needed)
Test 1
Pass
Or
Fail
Test 2
Pass
Or
Fail
Test 3
Pass
Or
Test 4 (if
needed)
Pass
Or
Fail
Test 5 (if
needed)
Maximum
Variation
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Average
Maximum
Variation
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Average
Maximum
Variation
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Average
Maximum
Variation
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
(Avg /
FS)
Rating
(Avg /
FS)
Rating
(Avg /
FS)
Rating
(Avg /
FS)
Pass
Or
Fail
16
Rating
Average
Fail
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix A
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100 standard. I also
certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Methods for Testing and
Rating Tube & Coupler Scaffold Components, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute in the SSFI SC100
standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
17
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix B
Test Date:
Test #:
Test Location:
Series A
Readings
Leg 1 Load
Leg 2 Load
Leg 3 Load
Leg 4 Load
Total Ultimate
Load
Failure Mode
(Use Notes
if needed)
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if needed)
Test 5(if needed)
Series A
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Allowable Leg Load
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating Welded Frame Scaffold Assemblies, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring &
Forming Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
18
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix B
Test Location:
Series B
Readings
Preload from
Series A:________
Leg 1 Load
Leg 2 Load
Total Ultimate
Load
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if needed)
Test 5(if needed)
Series B
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Allowable Leg Load
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating Welded Frame Scaffold Assemblies, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring &
Forming Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
19
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix C
Test Date:
Test #:
Test Location:
Series A
Readings
Post 1 Load
Post 2 Load
Post 3 Load
Post 4 Load
Total Ultimate
Load
Failure Mode
(Use Notes
if needed)
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if needed)
Test 5(if needed)
Series A
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Allowable Post Load
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating System Scaffold Assemblies, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming
Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
20
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix C
Test Location:
Series B
Readings
Preload from
Series A:________
Post 1 Load
Post 2 Load
Total Ultimate
Load
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if needed)
Test 5(if needed)
Series B
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Allowable Post Load
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating System Scaffold Assemblies, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming
Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
21
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix C
Test Location:
Series C
Readings
Preload from
Series A:________
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4 (if needed)
Test 5(if needed)
Series C
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Allowable Post Load
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating System Scaffold Assemblies, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming
Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
22
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix D
Test Location:
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
Average
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
Average
Ultimate Load
Deflection at Ultimate Load
Mode of Failure
Guardrail
Ultimate Load, Outward
Deflection at Ultimate Load
Ultimate Load, Inward
Deflection at Ultimate Load
Ultimate Load, Downward
Deflection at Ultimate Load
Mode of Failure
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing Guardrail Scaffold Components, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute in the
SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
23
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix E
Test Location:
Readings
EXTENSION:
_________inches
Test 1
Test 2
Test 4 (if
needed)
Test 3
Test 5 (if
needed)
Ultimate Vertical
Load
Failure Mode
(use Notes if
needed)
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating Screwjack Scaffold Components, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming
Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
24
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix F
Caster Manufacturer:
Size of Caster:
Test Date:
Test #:
Test Location:
Test 2
Test 3
Ultimate Load
Failure Mode
Stem/Mounting Plate Radial Torque Rating
Tests 1-3
Tests 1-4 (if needed)
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Test 2
Test 3
Ultimate Load
Failure Mode
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Rating (Avg / FS)
Test 2
Test 3
Ultimate Load
Failure Mode
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Rating (Avg / FS)
COMPLETE and ATTACH PAGE 2
25
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix F
Test 2
Test 3
Ultimate Load
Failure Mode
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating Caster Scaffold Components, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming
Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
26
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix G
Test Location:
Putlog Span
Readings
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Ultimate Load
Failure Mode
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods of Testing and Rating Putlog Scaffold Assemblies, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute
in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
27
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Appendix H
Test Location:
Readings
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Ultimate Load
Failure Mode
Rating
Tests 1-3
Average Ultimate
Load
Maximum Variation
Rating (Avg / FS)
Sketch: Attach Sketch of Test, Graphs (if applicable), and list of components
Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Witnesses
Name
Company
Signature
Title
Certification
I certify that I am a qualified engineer or a representative of an independent testing laboratory as defined in the SC100
standard. I also certify that the above described tests were performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
Methods for Testing and Rating Side and End Bracket Scaffold Components, as published by the Scaffolding, Shoring &
Forming Institute in the SSFI SC100 standard, and that the stated results and values are accurate.
(Name)
(Signature)
(Company)
(Address/city/state/zip)
(Phone)
28
(Date)
(e-mail)
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figures
Figure 5.1A
29
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.1B
Figure 5.1C
30
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.1D
31
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.2A
32
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.2B
33
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
2M
Nominal
1.5M
Nominal
Figure 5.3A
34
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
2M
Nominal
2M
Nominal
1.5M
Nominal
Figure 5.3B
35
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
2M
Nom.
2M
Nominal
1.5M
Nom.
1.5M
Nominal
Figure 5.3C
36
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.4A
Figure 5.4C
Figure 5.4B
37
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.5A
38
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.6A
Figure 5.6B
Figure 5.6C
Figure 5.6D
39
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.6E
Figure 5.6F
Figure 5.6G
40
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.7A
Figure 5.8A
41
ANSI/SSFI SC100-5/05
Figure 5.8B
42