Empsit

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, October 7, 2016
USDL-16-1961
Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 cpsinfo@bls.gov www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 cesinfo@bls.gov www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION SEPTEMBER 2016

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 156,000 in September, and the unemployment rate
was little changed at 5.0 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment gains
occurred in professional and business services and in health care.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
September 2014 September 2016
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month

change, seasonally adjusted, September 2014
September 2016
Percent
Thousands
8.0
450
400
350
7.0
300
250
200
6.0
150
100
5.0
50
0
-50
4.0
Sep-14
Dec-14
Mar-15
Jun-15
Sep-15
Dec-15
Mar-16
Jun-16
Sep-16
Sep-14
Dec-14
Mar-15
Jun-15
Sep-15
Dec-15
Mar-16
Jun-16
Sep-16
Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate, at 5.0 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 7.9 million,
changed little in September. Both measures have shown little movement, on net, since August of last
year. (See table A-1.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Hispanics increased to 6.4 percent in
September, while the rates for adult men (4.7 percent), adult women (4.4 percent), teenagers
(15.8 percent), Whites (4.4 percent), Blacks (8.3 percent), and Asians (3.9 percent) showed little or
no change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
The number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks increased by 284,000 to 2.6 million in
September. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was
essentially unchanged at 2.0 million and accounted for 24.9 percent of the unemployed.
(See table A-12.)
In September, both the labor force participation rate, at 62.9 percent, and the employmentpopulation ratio, at 59.8 percent, changed little. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in September at 5.9 million. These individuals,
who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had
been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)
In September, 1.8 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about unchanged
from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor
force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months.
They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks
preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 553,000 discouraged workers in September, little
changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons
not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining
1.3 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in September had not searched for work
for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 156,000 in September. Thus far this year, job growth has
averaged 178,000 per month, compared with an average of 229,000 per month in 2015. In September,
employment gains occurred in professional and business services and in health care. (See table B-1.)
Professional and business services employment rose by 67,000 in September and has risen by 582,000
over the year. Over the month, job gains occurred in management and technical consulting services
(+16,000), and employment continued to trend up in administrative and support services (+35,000).
Health care added 33,000 jobs in September. Ambulatory health care services added 24,000 jobs over
the month, and employment rose by 7,000 in hospitals. Over the past 12 months, health care has added
445,000 jobs.
Employment in food services and drinking places continued to trend up in September (+30,000) and
has increased by 300,000 over the year.
Retail trade employment continued to trend up over the month (+22,000). Within the industry, job
gains occurred in clothing and clothing accessories stores (+14,000) and in gasoline stations (+8,000).
Over the year, employment in retail trade has risen by 317,000.
Mining employment was unchanged in September after declining by 220,000 from a peak in September
2014.
Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade,

transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and government, changed little
over the month.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 34.4
hours in September. In manufacturing, the workweek increased by 0.1 hour to 40.7 hours, while
overtime was unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory
employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
In September, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 6 cents
to $25.79. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.6 percent. Average hourly earnings of
private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 5 cents to $21.68 in September.
(See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for July was revised down from +275,000 to
+252,000, and the change for August was revised up from +151,000 to +167,000. With these revisions,
employment gains in July and August combined were 7,000 less than previously reported. Over the past
3 months, job gains have averaged 192,000 per month.
_____________
The Employment Situation for October is scheduled to be released on Friday, November 4, 2016,
at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Change from:
Aug. 2016Sept. 2016
Sept.
2016
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.......................................................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed.................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio......................................... .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
251,325
156,867
62.4
148,942
59.3
7,925
5.1
94,458
253,620
159,287
62.8
151,517
59.7
7,770
4.9
94,333
253,854
159,463
62.8
151,614
59.7
7,849
4.9
94,391
254,091
159,907
62.9
151,968
59.8
7,939
5.0
94,184
237
444
0.1
354
0.1
90
0.1
-207
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ .
5.1
4.7
4.5
16.2
4.4
9.2
3.7
6.4
4.9
4.6
4.3
15.6
4.3
8.4
3.8
5.4
4.9
4.5
4.5
15.7
4.4
8.1
4.2
5.6
5.0
4.7
4.4
15.8
4.4
8.3
3.9
6.4
0.1
0.2
-0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
-0.3
0.8
Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelors degree and higher............................................. .
4.1
7.7
5.3
4.3
2.5
4.0
6.3
5.0
4.3
2.5
4.1
7.2
5.1
4.3
2.7
4.2
8.5
5.2
4.2
2.5
0.1
1.3
0.1
-0.1
-0.2
Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers..................................................................... .
Reentrants...................................................................... .
New entrants................................................................... .
3,883
778
2,443
832
3,739
824
2,298
826
3,791
885
2,271
861
3,967
893
2,333
805
176
8
62
-56
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over............................................................ .
2,373
2,211
1,228
2,109
2,160
2,266
1,150
2,020
2,290
2,329
1,056
2,006
2,574
2,234
1,157
1,974
284
-95
101
-32
Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... .
6,034
3,563
2,123
19,997
5,940
3,642
1,981
20,717
6,053
3,727
1,929
20,523
5,894
3,618
1,969
20,688
-159
-109
40
165
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers....................................................... .
1,921
635
1,950
591
1,713
576
1,844
553
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will
not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
149
162
-12
-13
10
-9
-7
4.2
-2
174
-1.0
6.4
4.4
-0.1
13
3
40
7.5
55
46.9
50
4
-13
252
221
14
-4
16
2
4
5.8
-2
207
3.0
12.9
12.2
0.6
-5
17
84
15.8
42
52.1
36
4
31
167
144
-25
-4
-5
-16
-17
-4.6
1
169
4.7
20.9
18.6
-0.8
-4
13
31
-1.0
57
45.3
21
8
23
156
167
10
0
23
-13
-11
-3.1
-2
157
9.7
22.0
-9.0
0.4
1
6
67
23.2
29
21.8
15
15
-11
(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
192
177
182
153
230
201
192
177
Category
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (262 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (79 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
49.4
47.9
82.4
49.6
48.2
82.4
49.7
48.2
82.3
49.7
48.2
82.3
34.5
$25.14
$867.33
104.1
-0.2
125.1
-0.1
34.4
$25.71
$884.42
105.6
0.2
129.7
0.5
34.3
$25.73
$882.54
105.4
-0.2
129.6
-0.1
34.4
$25.79
$887.18
105.8
0.4
130.5
0.7
52.9
38.6
61.5
48.1
59.0
46.8
57.8
39.2
Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the
service-providing industries.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate
hours.
4
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5
Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal
balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of
employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series
has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household
survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about
100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically
significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a
more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers
whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private
household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences
between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.
2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,
it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which
identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the
foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The
Employment Situation news release.
3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax
records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.
4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the
reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and
industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net
employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an
econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based
on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and
availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the
unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There
is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include
discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each
month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these
alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.
8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the
month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than
on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including
pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates
typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some
employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed,
while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees
who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll
employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit
www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th
of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as
employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the
number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure
of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page,
please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES;
establishment survey). The household survey provides
information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000
eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm
payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of
nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the
CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and
government agencies, representing approximately 623,000
individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry
data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately
one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that contains
the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the
reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime
during the 4-week period ending with the reference week.
Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no
way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of
unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as
employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The
unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and
the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population. Additional information
about the household survey can be found at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted
in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced
for the private sector for all employees and for production
and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging,
construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory
employees in private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an
establishments principal activity in accordance with the
2012 version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
conceptual and methodological differences between the
household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the
surveys. Among these are:
The household survey includes agricultural

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses
are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and
private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment
survey.
The household survey includes people on unpaid

leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.
The household survey is limited to workers 16 years

of age and older. The establishment survey is not
limited by age.
The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and
the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number
of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about
20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying
employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal
employment changes at the end and beginning of the school
year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make
underlying employment patterns more discernable. The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with
which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic
activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such
as total payroll employment, employment in most major
sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the
adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the
duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may

differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples
differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment
survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000. Suppose the
estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from
one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on
the monthly change would range from -65,000 to +165,000
(50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that
there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased
that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment
rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case,
it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an
unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent
confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment
as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000,
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is
about +/- 0.2 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such
as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents
in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made
by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for
the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns;
for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received,
that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample
units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This
procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death
employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series model
designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment
not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time
series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived
from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level
database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and
deaths over the past 5 years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from

administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy
for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past
decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from
-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted

Employment status, sex, and age
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
251,325
156,607
62.3
148,980
59.3
7,628
4.9
94,718
5,584
253,854
159,800
62.9
151,804
59.8
7,996
5.0
94,054
5,824
254,091
159,636
62.8
151,977
59.8
7,658
4.8
94,456
5,753
251,325
156,867
62.4
148,942
59.3
7,925
5.1
94,458
5,944
253,174
158,466
62.6
151,030
59.7
7,436
4.7
94,708
5,923
253,397
158,880
62.7
151,097
59.6
7,783
4.9
94,517
5,692
253,620
159,287
62.8
151,517
59.7
7,770
4.9
94,333
5,886
253,854
159,463
62.8
151,614
59.7
7,849
4.9
94,391
5,833
254,091
159,907
62.9
151,968
59.8
7,939
5.0
94,184
6,088
Men, 16 years and over

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
121,365
83,390
68.7
79,406
65.4
3,984
4.8
37,975
122,656
85,416
69.6
81,365
66.3
4,052
4.7
37,240
122,775
84,996
69.2
80,952
65.9
4,043
4.8
37,779
121,365
83,430
68.7
79,148
65.2
4,282
5.1
37,935
122,316
84,332
68.9
80,369
65.7
3,963
4.7
37,984
122,427
84,766
69.2
80,596
65.8
4,169
4.9
37,662
122,539
84,826
69.2
80,548
65.7
4,278
5.0
37,713
122,656
84,906
69.2
80,674
65.8
4,232
5.0
37,750
122,775
85,084
69.3
80,755
65.8
4,329
5.1
37,691

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
112,940
80,633
71.4
77,110
68.3
3,523
4.4
32,307
114,173
82,048
71.9
78,562
68.8
3,487
4.2
32,124
114,289
82,020
71.8
78,459
68.6
3,561
4.3
32,269
112,940
80,578
71.3
76,775
68.0
3,803
4.7
32,363
113,844
81,407
71.5
77,917
68.4
3,490
4.3
32,437
113,951
81,788
71.8
78,127
68.6
3,661
4.5
32,163
114,058
81,834
71.7
78,048
68.4
3,786
4.6
32,224
114,173
81,838
71.7
78,143
68.4
3,695
4.5
32,335
114,289
82,019
71.8
78,195
68.4
3,825
4.7
32,269
Women, 16 years and over

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129,960
73,217
56.3
69,574
53.5
3,643
5.0
56,743
131,198
74,384
56.7
70,439
53.7
3,945
5.3
56,814
131,317
74,640
56.8
71,025
54.1
3,615
4.8
56,677
129,960
73,437
56.5
69,794
53.7
3,643
5.0
56,523
130,858
74,134
56.7
70,661
54.0
3,473
4.7
56,725
130,969
74,115
56.6
70,501
53.8
3,614
4.9
56,855
131,081
74,461
56.8
70,969
54.1
3,492
4.7
56,620
131,198
74,557
56.8
70,940
54.1
3,617
4.9
56,641
131,317
74,823
57.0
71,213
54.2
3,610
4.8
56,493

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
121,773
70,633
58.0
67,394
55.3
3,239
4.6
51,140
122,949
71,290
58.0
67,776
55.1
3,514
4.9
51,660
123,066
71,902
58.4
68,709
55.8
3,193
4.4
51,164
121,773
70,679
58.0
67,465
55.4
3,214
4.5
51,094
122,622
71,218
58.1
68,209
55.6
3,009
4.2
51,404
122,728
71,303
58.1
68,107
55.5
3,196
4.5
51,425
122,835
71,572
58.3
68,508
55.8
3,065
4.3
51,262
122,949
71,630
58.3
68,415
55.6
3,215
4.5
51,319
123,066
71,893
58.4
68,723
55.8
3,169
4.4
51,173
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16,612
5,341
32.1
4,476
26.9
865
16.2
11,271
16,732
6,462
38.6
5,466
32.7
996
15.4
10,270
16,737
5,714
34.1
4,810
28.7
904
15.8
11,023
16,612
5,610
33.8
4,702
28.3
908
16.2
11,002
16,708
5,841
35.0
4,904
29.4
937
16.0
10,867
16,718
5,789
34.6
4,864
29.1
926
16.0
10,928
16,728
5,881
35.2
4,961
29.7
920
15.6
10,847
16,732
5,995
35.8
5,056
30.2
938
15.7
10,737
16,737
5,995
35.8
5,050
30.2
945
15.8
10,741
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

Employment status, race, sex, and age
WHITE
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
197,152
123,111
62.4
117,971
59.8
5,139
4.2
74,041
198,380
124,998
63.0
119,477
60.2
5,521
4.4
73,382
198,509
124,689
62.8
119,465
60.2
5,223
4.2
73,820
197,152
123,180
62.5
117,812
59.8
5,368
4.4
73,973
198,013
124,299
62.8
119,222
60.2
5,077
4.1
73,714
198,132
124,551
62.9
119,133
60.1
5,418
4.4
73,581
198,253
124,793
62.9
119,426
60.2
5,367
4.3
73,460
198,380
124,756
62.9
119,281
60.1
5,475
4.4
73,624
198,509
124,873
62.9
119,427
60.2
5,446
4.4
73,636
64,608
71.8
62,165
69.1
2,443
3.8
65,401
72.1
62,883
69.4
2,518
3.8
65,326
72.0
62,834
69.3
2,491
3.8
64,541
71.7
61,874
68.7
2,668
4.1
64,932
71.8
62,498
69.1
2,434
3.7
65,112
71.9
62,526
69.1
2,586
4.0
65,232
72.0
62,556
69.1
2,676
4.1
65,226
72.0
62,546
69.0
2,680
4.1
65,310
72.0
62,608
69.0
2,703
4.1
54,284
57.2
52,162
55.0
2,122
3.9
54,566
57.2
52,245
54.8
2,321
4.3
54,883
57.5
52,789
55.3
2,094
3.8
54,227
57.2
52,134
55.0
2,093
3.9
54,754
57.5
52,775
55.4
1,979
3.6
54,869
57.6
52,682
55.3
2,187
4.0
54,948
57.6
52,913
55.5
2,035
3.7
54,863
57.5
52,720
55.3
2,144
3.9
54,888
57.5
52,809
55.3
2,080
3.8
4,218
34.3
3,644
29.6
574
13.6
5,031
40.7
4,349
35.2
682
13.6
4,480
36.3
3,842
31.1
638
14.2
4,411
35.8
3,804
30.9
607
13.8
4,612
37.4
3,949
32.0
664
14.4
4,570
37.0
3,925
31.8
645
14.1
4,613
37.4
3,957
32.0
656
14.2
4,666
37.8
4,014
32.5
652
14.0
4,674
37.8
4,010
32.5
663
14.2
31,479
19,287
61.3
17,535
55.7
1,752
9.1
12,192
31,945
19,840
62.1
18,167
56.9
1,673
8.4
12,106
31,987
19,789
61.9
18,168
56.8
1,620
8.2
12,199
31,479
19,364
61.5
17,573
55.8
1,791
9.2
12,115
31,828
19,410
61.0
17,822
56.0
1,588
8.2
12,417
31,866
19,532
61.3
17,854
56.0
1,678
8.6
12,334
31,904
19,522
61.2
17,885
56.1
1,637
8.4
12,382
31,945
19,768
61.9
18,165
56.9
1,603
8.1
12,178
31,987
19,825
62.0
18,174
56.8
1,650
8.3
12,163
8,769
67.0
8,017
61.3
752
8.6
8,960
67.3
8,298
62.4
661
7.4
9,021
67.7
8,306
62.3
716
7.9
8,751
66.9
7,971
60.9
780
8.9
8,889
67.1
8,218
62.0
671
7.6
9,000
67.8
8,262
62.3
738
8.2
8,994
67.7
8,254
62.1
740
8.2
8,947
67.3
8,264
62.1
683
7.6
8,998
67.5
8,259
62.0
739
8.2
9,858
62.0
9,069
57.0
789
8.0
10,025
62.2
9,249
57.4
776
7.7
10,069
62.4
9,361
58.0
708
7.0
9,892
62.2
9,107
57.2
785
7.9
9,801
61.0
9,079
56.5
722
7.4
9,799
60.9
9,088
56.5
711
7.3
9,831
61.0
9,114
56.6
717
7.3
10,026
62.2
9,314
57.8
712
7.1
10,066
62.3
9,362
58.0
704
7.0
660
26.5
449
18.0
211
32.0
855
34.0
619
24.6
236
27.6
698
27.7
502
20.0
196
28.1
721
29.0
495
19.9
226
31.3
720
28.7
525
20.9
195
27.1
733
29.2
504
20.1
228
31.2
697
27.7
518
20.6
179
25.7
795
31.6
587
23.3
208
26.1
761
30.2
553
22.0
207
27.2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age Continued

Employment status, race, sex, and age
ASIAN
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sept.
2015
14,508
8,990
62.0
8,675
59.8
315
3.5
5,518
Aug.
2016
15,304
9,705
63.4
9,298
60.8
406
4.2
5,600
Sept.
2016
15,310
9,717
63.5
9,350
61.1
367
3.8
5,593
Sept.
2015
14,508
9,042
62.3
8,711
60.0
331
3.7
5,466
May
2016
14,938
9,413
63.0
9,027
60.4
386
4.1
5,525
June
2016
15,032
9,504
63.2
9,172
61.0
332
3.5
5,529
July
2016
15,211
9,651
63.4
9,281
61.0
369
3.8
5,560
Aug.
2016
15,304
9,702
63.4
9,290
60.7
412
4.2
5,603
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are
introduced annually with the release of January data.
Sept.
2016
15,310
9,764
63.8
9,381
61.3
382
3.9
5,547
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
39,828
25,989
65.3
24,454
61.4
1,535
5.9
13,839
40,825
27,007
66.2
25,483
62.4
1,524
5.6
13,818
40,919
27,019
66.0
25,366
62.0
1,653
6.1
13,901
39,828
26,074
65.5
24,410
61.3
1,664
6.4
13,754
40,558
26,510
65.4
25,032
61.7
1,478
5.6
14,048
40,646
26,675
65.6
25,136
61.8
1,539
5.8
13,971
40,732
26,785
65.8
25,347
62.2
1,438
5.4
13,947
40,825
26,987
66.1
25,468
62.4
1,519
5.6
13,838
40,919
27,064
66.1
25,327
61.9
1,737
6.4
13,856
14,450
80.5
13,759
76.6
692
4.8
14,912
81.0
14,252
77.4
660
4.4
14,837
80.4
14,109
76.5
728
4.9
14,471
80.6
13,676
76.2
795
5.5
14,598
79.8
13,956
76.3
642
4.4
14,751
80.5
14,095
76.9
656
4.4
14,842
80.8
14,141
77.0
701
4.7
14,897
80.9
14,184
77.1
713
4.8
14,837
80.4
14,035
76.1
803
5.4
10,485
57.8
9,827
54.1
658
6.3
10,903
58.5
10,238
54.9
665
6.1
10,988
58.8
10,278
55.0
710
6.5
10,511
57.9
9,844
54.2
667
6.3
10,667
57.6
10,058
54.3
609
5.7
10,750
58.0
10,067
54.3
683
6.4
10,797
58.1
10,226
55.0
571
5.3
10,957
58.8
10,322
55.4
635
5.8
10,999
58.9
10,292
55.1
707
6.4
1,054
28.4
869
23.4
185
17.6
1,193
31.5
994
26.2
199
16.7
1,193
31.4
979
25.8
215
18.0
1,093
29.4
889
23.9
203
18.6
1,244
33.0
1,017
27.0
227
18.3
1,175
31.1
974
25.8
201
17.1
1,146
30.3
980
25.9
166
14.5
1,133
29.9
963
25.4
170
15.0
1,227
32.3
1,000
26.3
227
18.5
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
Educational attainment
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,588
44.8
9,858
41.7
730
6.9
10,648
45.8
9,922
42.7
726
6.8
10,763
45.4
9,939
41.9
824
7.7
10,597
44.8
9,779
41.3
818
7.7
10,464
44.5
9,720
41.3
744
7.1
10,522
45.2
9,734
41.9
787
7.5
10,638
47.0
9,969
44.0
669
6.3
10,809
46.5
10,035
43.2
774
7.2
10,828
45.7
9,902
41.8
926
8.5
High school graduates, no college1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35,497
57.3
33,719
54.5
1,778
5.0
36,029
57.5
34,231
54.6
1,798
5.0
35,955
57.8
34,171
54.9
1,784
5.0
35,220
56.9
33,370
53.9
1,850
5.3
35,536
57.1
33,728
54.2
1,808
5.1
35,260
57.2
33,480
54.3
1,780
5.0
35,547
57.1
33,758
54.2
1,789
5.0
35,793
57.1
33,985
54.2
1,808
5.1
35,704
57.4
33,857
54.4
1,847
5.2
Some college or associate degree

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37,358
66.2
35,797
63.5
1,562
4.2
37,381
66.2
35,743
63.3
1,638
4.4
37,820
66.9
36,258
64.1
1,562
4.1
37,330
66.2
35,724
63.3
1,607
4.3
37,829
66.2
36,364
63.7
1,465
3.9
37,804
66.0
36,231
63.2
1,573
4.2
37,791
66.2
36,182
63.4
1,609
4.3
37,571
66.5
35,970
63.7
1,601
4.3
37,900
67.0
36,296
64.2
1,604
4.2
Bachelors degree and higher2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52,552
74.2
51,251
72.4
1,301
2.5
53,645
73.5
52,032
71.3
1,613
3.0
54,279
74.1
52,916
72.3
1,363
2.5
52,711
74.4
51,408
72.6
1,303
2.5
53,398
74.3
52,113
72.5
1,285
2.4
54,102
74.4
52,723
72.5
1,378
2.5
54,100
74.0
52,741
72.1
1,359
2.5
54,068
74.1
52,618
72.1
1,450
2.7
54,341
74.2
52,967
72.3
1,374
2.5
Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

Includes persons with bachelors, masters, professional, and doctoral degrees.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service
Sept.
2015
Men
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Women
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21,145
10,786
51.0
10,318
48.8
469
4.3
10,359
20,832
10,652
51.1
10,191
48.9
461
4.3
10,180
19,145
9,547
49.9
9,151
47.8
396
4.1
9,598
18,815
9,369
49.8
8,959
47.6
411
4.4
9,446
2,000
1,240
62.0
1,167
58.3
73
5.9
760
2,017
1,283
63.6
1,233
61.1
50
3.9
734
Gulf War-era II veterans

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,671
2,964
80.8
2,818
76.8
147
5.0
706
3,935
3,170
80.5
3,030
77.0
139
4.4
766
2,999
2,464
82.1
2,342
78.1
122
5.0
535
3,235
2,650
81.9
2,523
78.0
127
4.8
585
671
500
74.5
476
70.8
25
5.0
171
701
520
74.2
507
72.4
12
2.3
181
Gulf War-era I veterans

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,407
2,771
81.3
2,673
78.5
98
3.5
636
3,359
2,757
82.1
2,646
78.8
111
4.0
601
2,908
2,400
82.6
2,323
79.9
77
3.2
507
2,854
2,366
82.9
2,271
79.6
95
4.0
488
500
371
74.2
350
70.1
20
5.5
129
504
391
77.6
376
74.5
16
4.0
113
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,818
2,292
26.0
2,187
24.8
105
4.6
6,526
8,407
2,127
25.3
2,053
24.4
74
3.5
6,280
8,504
2,230
26.2
2,133
25.1
97
4.4
6,274
8,106
2,051
25.3
1,977
24.4
74
3.6
6,055
314
62
19.7
54
17.1
8
252
301
76
25.3
76
25.1
1
0.7
225
Veterans of other service periods

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,249
2,759
52.6
2,641
50.3
119
4.3
2,490
5,131
2,598
50.6
2,462
48.0
136
5.2
2,533
4,734
2,453
51.8
2,354
49.7
99
4.0
2,281
4,620
2,302
49.8
2,188
47.4
114
5.0
2,318
515
307
59.5
287
55.7
20
6.4
208
511
295
57.8
274
53.5
22
7.4
216
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
221,260
143,884
65.0
137,019
61.9
6,866
4.8
77,376
224,233
146,789
65.5
139,919
62.4
6,870
4.7
77,444
97,671
72,861
74.6
69,434
71.1
3,427
4.7
24,810
99,452
74,586
75.0
71,122
71.5
3,465
4.6
24,866
123,590
71,024
57.5
67,585
54.7
3,438
4.8
52,566
124,781
72,203
57.9
68,797
55.1
3,406
4.7
52,578
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August
1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the
selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
Persons with a disability
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
Persons with no disability

Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
30,183
5,780
19.1
5,181
17.2
599
10.4
24,403
30,421
6,027
19.8
5,502
18.1
525
8.7
24,395
221,142
150,828
68.2
143,799
65.0
7,029
4.7
70,315
223,670
153,609
68.7
146,475
65.5
7,134
4.6
70,061
Men, 16 to 64 years
Employed............................................................................ .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
2,446
31.4
2,199
28.3
247
10.1
5,336
2,615
33.1
2,383
30.2
232
8.9
5,277
76,008
82.0
72,483
78.2
3,525
4.6
16,708
77,114
82.6
73,513
78.8
3,601
4.7
16,202
Women, 16 to 64 years
Employed............................................................................ .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
2,314
28.2
2,039
24.8
276
11.9
5,896
2,312
28.8
2,063
25.7
249
10.8
5,702
66,981
69.9
63,770
66.6
3,211
4.8
28,840
68,184
70.7
64,962
67.3
3,222
4.7
28,319
Both sexes, 65 years and over

Employed............................................................................ .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
1,019
7.2
943
6.6
76
7.4
13,172
1,100
7.6
1,056
7.3
44
4.0
13,417
7,839
24.0
7,547
23.1
293
3.7
24,767
8,311
24.6
8,000
23.6
311
3.7
25,540
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty
seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or
emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as
visiting a doctors office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total
Employment status and nativity
Sept.
2015
Men
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Women
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed......................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .
40,314
26,132
64.8
24,928
61.8
1,204
4.6
14,182
41,785
27,345
65.4
26,146
62.6
1,199
4.4
14,441
19,390
15,091
77.8
14,503
74.8
588
3.9
4,299
20,170
15,601
77.3
15,065
74.7
536
3.4
4,569
20,924
11,041
52.8
10,425
49.8
617
5.6
9,883
21,615
11,743
54.3
11,080
51.3
663
5.6
9,871
Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed......................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .
211,011
130,475
61.8
124,052
58.8
6,423
4.9
80,536
212,306
132,291
62.3
125,832
59.3
6,460
4.9
80,015
101,975
68,300
67.0
64,903
63.6
3,397
5.0
33,676
102,604
69,394
67.6
65,887
64.2
3,507
5.1
33,210
109,036
62,175
57.0
59,149
54.2
3,026
4.9
46,860
109,702
62,897
57.3
59,944
54.6
2,952
4.7
46,805
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States
or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born
in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government.................................... .
Private industries.............................. .
Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other industries............................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
2,471
1,634
810
26
146,509
138,008
20,446
117,562
733
116,829
8,452
49
2,718
1,783
915
20
149,086
140,323
20,065
120,258
763
119,495
8,661
101
2,526
1,623
879
24
149,451
140,780
20,708
120,073
715
119,358
8,607
64
2,368
1,516
821
146,535
137,999
20,558
117,503
116,727
8,356
2,585
1,689
862
148,429
139,574
20,599
119,011
118,282
8,816
2,516
1,651
840
148,640
139,777
20,186
119,592
118,837
8,772
2,388
1,605
766
149,155
140,468
20,430
119,988
119,250
8,660
2,520
1,617
873
149,118
140,431
20,670
119,736
118,982
8,621
2,441
1,530
886
149,560
140,812
20,798
120,046
119,293
8,574
5,693
3,360
2,085
20,109
5,963
3,620
1,885
18,495
5,550
3,376
1,921
20,782
6,034
3,563
2,123
19,997
6,430
3,890
2,086
20,606
5,843
3,443
2,062
20,505
5,940
3,642
1,981
20,717
6,053
3,727
1,929
20,523
5,894
3,618
1,969
20,688
5,620
3,319
2,060
19,791
5,845
3,531
1,878
18,135
5,468
3,316
1,914
20,419
5,942
3,507
2,098
19,687
6,372
3,828
2,076
20,224
5,745
3,377
2,052
20,101
5,846
3,566
1,965
20,337
5,931
3,641
1,911
20,185
5,790
3,536
1,956
20,333
Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for
the entire week.
3
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business
conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4
Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to
34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
Characteristic
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
148,980
4,476
1,643
2,832
144,504
13,880
130,625
97,142
32,899
31,522
32,722
33,483
151,804
5,466
2,019
3,447
146,338
14,410
131,927
97,691
33,897
31,353
32,440
34,236
151,977
4,810
1,867
2,943
147,168
13,883
133,285
98,580
34,094
31,736
32,750
34,705
148,942
4,702
1,625
3,073
144,240
13,975
130,191
96,759
32,806
31,355
32,598
33,432
151,030
4,904
1,732
3,193
146,126
14,090
131,965
97,765
33,518
31,578
32,669
34,200
151,097
4,864
1,839
3,032
146,234
14,023
132,251
97,793
33,662
31,543
32,588
34,459
151,517
4,961
1,811
3,149
146,556
13,865
132,756
98,042
33,812
31,627
32,602
34,714
151,614
5,056
1,829
3,225
146,558
14,139
132,464
97,870
33,947
31,404
32,520
34,594
151,968
5,050
1,843
3,189
146,918
14,006
132,869
98,204
33,989
31,557
32,658
34,666
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
79,406
2,296
821
1,475
77,110
7,085
70,026
52,243
17,831
17,064
17,349
17,782
81,365
2,803
1,016
1,787
78,562
7,462
71,100
52,621
18,309
17,065
17,247
18,479
80,952
2,494
872
1,622
78,459
7,134
71,324
52,775
18,313
17,076
17,386
18,549
79,148
2,373
800
1,576
76,775
7,112
69,631
51,945
17,743
16,946
17,257
17,686
80,369
2,452
826
1,630
77,917
7,221
70,647
52,431
18,136
17,059
17,236
18,216
80,596
2,469
906
1,571
78,127
7,229
70,899
52,493
18,209
17,084
17,200
18,406
80,548
2,500
869
1,627
78,048
7,120
70,987
52,395
18,197
17,048
17,149
18,592
80,674
2,531
895
1,631
78,143
7,238
70,913
52,401
18,238
16,996
17,167
18,512
80,755
2,560
852
1,710
78,195
7,185
70,968
52,497
18,232
16,968
17,298
18,471
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69,574
2,180
822
1,358
67,394
6,795
60,599
44,899
15,068
14,458
15,373
15,700
70,439
2,663
1,003
1,660
67,776
6,949
60,827
45,070
15,588
14,288
15,193
15,758
71,025
2,316
995
1,321
68,709
6,749
61,960
45,804
15,780
14,660
15,364
16,156
69,794
2,329
825
1,497
67,465
6,863
60,560
44,813
15,064
14,409
15,341
15,747
70,661
2,452
906
1,563
68,209
6,868
61,318
45,334
15,382
14,519
15,433
15,984
70,501
2,394
934
1,461
68,107
6,794
61,353
45,300
15,453
14,460
15,387
16,053
70,969
2,461
942
1,522
68,508
6,745
61,768
45,646
15,614
14,579
15,453
16,122
70,940
2,525
934
1,594
68,415
6,901
61,551
45,469
15,709
14,408
15,352
16,082
71,213
2,490
991
1,478
68,723
6,820
61,902
45,707
15,757
14,589
15,360
16,195
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45,091
35,185
9,714
45,538
34,881
9,627
45,872
35,675
9,958
44,907
35,023
45,023
35,158
45,562
35,171
45,532
35,316
45,478
35,350
45,678
35,493
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
122,303
26,677
125,892
25,912
124,728
27,250
121,873
27,009
123,135
27,936
123,586
27,445
123,892
27,595
124,301
27,207
124,296
27,637
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,297
4.9
7,234
4.8
7,846
5.2
7,351
4.9
7,412
4.9
7,207
4.8
7,361
4.9
7,562
5.0
7,863
5.2
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,534
9,262
5,342
9,577
5,734
9,486
9,177
9,678
9,612
9,426
9,495
9,461
Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,925
908
348
575
7,017
1,416
5,582
4,223
1,766
1,311
1,146
1,323
7,849
938
366
579
6,910
1,246
5,681
4,423
1,861
1,331
1,232
1,268
7,939
945
385
573
6,994
1,242
5,759
4,446
1,855
1,363
1,229
1,279
5.1
16.2
17.6
15.8
4.6
9.2
4.1
4.2
5.1
4.0
3.4
3.8
4.7
16.0
18.5
14.4
4.3
8.3
3.8
4.0
5.0
3.5
3.4
3.4
4.9
16.0
17.0
15.5
4.5
8.7
4.0
4.1
5.1
3.7
3.5
3.5
4.9
15.6
15.3
15.9
4.5
9.0
4.0
4.1
5.0
3.5
3.6
3.7
4.9
15.7
16.7
15.2
4.5
8.1
4.1
4.3
5.2
4.1
3.6
3.5
5.0
15.8
17.3
15.2
4.5
8.1
4.2
4.3
5.2
4.1
3.6
3.6
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,282
479
188
303
3,803
824
2,969
2,224
976
649
599
745
4,232
537
196
345
3,695
743
2,950
2,251
964
665
622
698
4,329
504
197
316
3,825
726
3,106
2,355
1,003
723
629
751
5.1
16.8
19.0
16.1
4.7
10.4
4.1
4.1
5.2
3.7
3.4
4.0
4.7
16.2
19.3
14.3
4.3
8.8
3.8
3.9
5.1
3.4
3.2
3.6
4.9
17.1
18.3
16.9
4.5
9.4
3.9
4.0
5.1
3.5
3.3
3.8
5.0
16.5
15.0
17.4
4.6
10.1
4.0
4.1
5.0
3.5
3.7
3.8
5.0
17.5
17.9
17.5
4.5
9.3
4.0
4.1
5.0
3.8
3.5
3.6
5.1
16.5
18.8
15.6
4.7
9.2
4.2
4.3
5.2
4.1
3.5
3.9
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,643
429
160
272
3,214
592
2,612
1,999
789
662
547
590
3,617
402
171
234
3,215
503
2,731
2,172
897
665
609
558
3,610
441
188
257
3,169
516
2,652
2,091
852
640
599
550
5.0
15.6
16.2
15.4
4.5
7.9
4.1
4.3
5.0
4.4
3.4
3.6
4.7
15.9
17.8
14.5
4.2
7.7
3.8
4.1
5.0
3.6
3.7
3.2
4.9
14.8
15.6
14.0
4.5
7.9
4.1
4.3
5.2
4.1
3.7
3.4
4.7
14.8
15.6
14.2
4.3
7.8
3.9
4.0
5.0
3.5
3.4
3.4
4.9
13.7
15.5
12.8
4.5
6.8
4.2
4.6
5.4
4.4
3.8
3.4
4.8
15.0
15.9
14.8
4.4
7.0
4.1
4.4
5.1
4.2
3.8
3.3
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present..................... .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,271
1,091
739
1,240
1,107
821
1,345
1,101
680
2.8
3.0
7.1
2.6
2.9
6.6
2.6
3.2
7.3
2.6
3.0
7.2
2.7
3.0
7.9
2.9
3.0
6.4
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6,601
1,356
6,411
1,427
6,521
1,434
5.1
4.8
4.7
4.5
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.0
4.9
Not seasonally adjusted.

Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time
jobs.
3
Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from
part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Reason
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .
3,509
574
2,935
2,121
813
849
2,474
796
3,787
1,000
2,787
1,987
800
967
2,283
959
3,536
694
2,842
1,968
874
991
2,367
764
3,883
901
2,982
2,139
843
778
2,443
832
3,573
829
2,744
1,982
762
796
2,209
865
3,776
1,097
2,679
1,917
763
828
2,268
902
3,739
997
2,743
2,021
722
824
2,298
826
3,791
998
2,792
2,005
787
885
2,271
861
3,967
1,075
2,892
1,986
906
893
2,333
805
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .
46.0
7.5
38.5
11.1
32.4
10.4
47.4
12.5
34.9
12.1
28.5
12.0
46.2
9.1
37.1
12.9
30.9
10.0
48.9
11.3
37.6
9.8
30.8
10.5
48.0
11.1
36.9
10.7
29.7
11.6
48.6
14.1
34.5
10.7
29.2
11.6
48.6
13.0
35.7
10.7
29.9
10.7
48.6
12.8
35.8
11.3
29.1
11.0
49.6
13.4
36.2
11.2
29.2
10.1
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .
2.2
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.4
0.6
1.4
0.6
2.2
0.6
1.5
0.5
2.5
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.3
0.5
1.4
0.5
2.4
0.5
1.4
0.6
2.3
0.5
1.4
0.5
2.4
0.6
1.4
0.5
2.5
0.6
1.5
0.5
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Duration
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,324
2,096
3,207
1,143
2,064
2,308
2,746
2,942
946
1,996
2,562
2,092
3,004
1,083
1,921
2,373
2,211
3,337
1,228
2,109
2,207
2,239
3,058
1,173
1,885
2,418
2,140
3,108
1,129
1,979
2,160
2,266
3,170
1,150
2,020
2,290
2,329
3,062
1,056
2,006
2,574
2,234
3,131
1,157
1,974
Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26.2
11.4
26.7
10.3
27.2
10.2
26.3
11.3
26.7
10.7
27.7
10.3
28.1
11.6
27.6
11.2
27.5
10.3
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30.5
27.5
42.0
15.0
27.1
28.9
34.3
36.8
11.8
25.0
33.5
27.3
39.2
14.1
25.1
30.0
27.9
42.1
15.5
26.6
29.4
29.8
40.8
15.6
25.1
31.5
27.9
40.5
14.7
25.8
28.4
29.8
41.7
15.1
26.6
29.8
30.3
39.9
13.8
26.1
32.4
28.1
39.4
14.6
24.9
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
Employed
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over1............................................ .

Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations.................................................... .
Professional and related occupations......................... .
Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations................................. .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations....................................................... .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations....................................................... .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Unemployment
rates
Unemployed
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
148,980
58,105
151,977
59,599
7,628
1,414
7,658
1,652
4.9
2.4
4.8
2.7
24,485
33,619
25,808
33,106
15,498
17,608
24,729
34,870
27,100
33,435
15,704
17,731
590
823
1,815
1,782
912
871
708
944
1,690
1,614
855
760
2.4
2.4
6.6
5.1
5.6
4.7
2.8
2.6
5.9
4.6
5.2
4.1
13,865
1,116
7,611
5,139
14,106
1,159
8,101
4,845
823
68
570
185
772
116
489
167
5.6
5.7
7.0
3.5
5.2
9.1
5.7
3.3
18,095
8,743
9,352
17,738
8,261
9,477
982
410
572
1,151
561
590
5.1
4.5
5.8
6.1
6.4
5.9
Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker
Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... .

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information........................................................................... .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Other services....................................................................... .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government workers.................................................................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
7,628
5,918
99
479
652
386
266
1,091
218
126
247
843
802
1,008
353
67
477
370
7,658
5,828
43
474
668
410
258
1,002
283
139
296
902
860
917
245
139
538
389
4.9
4.8
11.2
5.5
4.1
3.9
4.4
5.4
3.4
4.7
2.6
5.3
3.5
7.5
5.3
4.0
2.3
3.8
4.8
4.6
5.7
5.2
4.2
4.1
4.3
5.0
4.3
5.2
3.0
5.3
3.7
6.5
3.7
8.1
2.5
3.9
Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged
workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged
workers, plus all other persons marginally
attached to the labor force, as a percent of
the civilian labor force plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic
reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all persons marginally attached to
the labor force.................................... .
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Sept.
2016
2.0
1.8
1.9
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.2
2.5
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.5
4.9
5.0
4.8
5.1
4.7
4.9
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.4
5.0
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.3
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.2
5.7
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
9.6
9.7
9.3
10.0
9.7
9.6
9.7
9.7
9.7
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have
given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are
available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total
Category
Sept.
2015
Men
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Women
Sept.
2016
Sept.
2015
Sept.
2016
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2........................................ .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .
94,718
5,584
1,921
635
1,287
94,456
5,753
1,844
553
1,292
37,975
2,529
982
377
604
37,779
2,745
993
321
672
56,743
3,055
940
258
682
56,677
3,008
851
232
619
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4............................................ .
Percent of total employed......................................... .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,297
4.9
3,859
1,999
267
1,109
7,846
5.2
4,298
2,087
319
1,065
3,573
4.5
2,110
678
182
580
3,691
4.6
2,358
637
195
470
3,724
5.4
1,749
1,321
84
530
4,154
5.8
1,939
1,451
124
595
Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference
week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
142,520
120,584
19,840
144,183
123,259
19,983
144,416
123,302
19,976
144,943
122,845
19,877
142,300
120,264
19,550
144,424
122,255
19,627
144,591
122,399
19,602
144,747
122,566
19,612
Change
from:
Aug.2016 Sept.2016p
156
167
10
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral mining and
quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
799
53.3
746.1
189.7
198.9
63.9
40.5
693
51.4
641.5
173.8
184.1
52.6
38.4
690
51.3
638.3
173.9
185.1
53.2
38.4
689
50.8
638.2
172.4
184.8
53.3
38.5
790
50.7
739.6
189.2
195.0
63.9
40.5
685
49.5
635.3
171.9
180.2
52.8
38.2
681
49.1
632.1
172.6
180.5
52.8
38.4
681
49.1
632.3
172.6
181.4
52.9
38.8
0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.9
0.1
0.4
94.5
357.5
93.1
283.6
93.5
279.3
93.0
281.0
90.5
355.4
89.2
283.2
89.3
279.0
89.7
278.3
0.4
-0.7
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . .
6,678
1,445.5
710.0
735.5
995.5
4,237.4
1,842.4
2,395.0
6,915
1,507.0
745.7
761.3
994.7
4,413.7
1,944.5
2,469.2
6,919
1,505.8
750.4
755.4
991.3
4,421.5
1,945.7
2,475.8
6,886
1,500.0
756.0
744.0
994.3
4,391.8
1,936.4
2,455.4
6,451
1,413.2
691.1
722.1
931.0
4,106.6
1,779.8
2,326.8
6,651
1,461.7
722.2
739.5
936.1
4,253.0
1,864.6
2,388.4
6,646
1,461.8
729.7
732.1
927.4
4,256.9
1,871.5
2,385.4
6,669
1,465.5
737.6
727.9
931.7
4,271.6
1,879.3
2,392.3
23
3.7
7.9
-4.2
4.3
14.7
7.8
6.9
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous computer and electronic
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous durable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12,363
12,375
12,367
12,302
12,309
12,291
12,275
12,262
-13
7,760
383.8
403.1
387.5
1,449.6
1,112.0
1,048.2
161.7
86.7
7,720
387.4
409.9
374.0
1,429.6
1,085.0
1,043.3
165.0
85.1
7,706
387.4
407.8
372.5
1,427.0
1,082.2
1,042.2
163.7
84.8
7,667
384.0
406.8
371.9
1,421.2
1,077.2
1,034.1
162.2
84.3
7,749
381.2
397.3
387.3
1,448.5
1,113.8
1,048.6
161.2
86.9
7,685
382.4
400.2
374.3
1,424.3
1,080.7
1,037.2
162.5
84.8
7,668
381.8
399.0
372.5
1,423.3
1,081.0
1,036.1
161.8
84.5
7,657
380.2
400.3
371.6
1,421.8
1,080.6
1,034.6
162.3
84.3
-11
-1.6
1.3
-0.9
-1.5
-0.4
-1.5
0.5
-0.2
365.4
399.2
361.7
396.8
362.7
396.2
358.0
394.6
365.9
399.5
360.4
394.7
360.3
394.6
358.6
394.3
-1.7
-0.3
35.2
384.5
1,612.7
922.8
385.0
34.7
385.6
1,613.0
928.4
390.7
34.8
382.6
1,613.2
932.6
391.3
35.0
380.3
1,606.1
928.1
386.9
35.1
384.3
1,611.7
921.1
383.7
34.7
382.9
1,616.1
931.8
387.3
34.8
381.0
1,608.1
927.2
386.8
35.1
380.2
1,603.9
924.1
385.1
0.3
-0.8
-4.2
-3.1
-1.7
593.3
601.2
599.5
598.1
592.9
599.9
598.1
598.4
0.3
4,603
1,530.3
115.4
117.0
137.0
372.7
446.5
118.5
809.5
687.1
4,655
1,564.9
112.9
115.5
129.8
372.6
442.5
118.0
823.9
695.9
4,661
1,575.2
112.5
115.3
131.0
372.3
440.1
117.9
822.0
693.6
4,635
1,557.7
111.7
116.0
132.2
370.4
439.7
117.3
818.2
690.0
4,560
1,499.0
115.1
116.7
136.0
373.3
446.9
116.3
809.6
686.2
4,606
1,536.4
112.9
115.1
131.3
370.4
442.1
115.3
818.9
691.9
4,607
1,537.6
112.5
115.4
131.1
370.8
439.6
115.7
819.8
690.8
4,605
1,533.3
112.2
116.6
131.0
370.3
440.3
116.0
820.2
690.8
-2
-4.3
-0.3
1.2
-0.1
-0.5
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.0
268.9
278.5
281.0
281.9
260.4
271.9
273.3
274.6
1.3
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
100,744
103,276
103,326
102,968
100,714
102,628
102,797
102,954
157
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26,889
27,347
27,359
27,267
26,987
27,340
27,383
27,407
24
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,879.0
2,932.8
2,045.5
5,956.5
2,964.4
2,078.6
5,954.3
2,964.5
2,074.7
5,938.7
2,951.5
2,076.2
5,878.3
2,935.2
2,041.3
5,924.0
2,948.4
2,065.1
5,928.7
2,950.4
2,066.1
5,938.4
2,954.5
2,073.0
9.7
4.1
6.9
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Continued
[In thousands]
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Change
from:
Aug.2016 Sept.2016p
Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and
brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
900.7
913.5
915.1
911.0
901.8
910.5
912.2
910.9
-1.3
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,564.4
1,955.6
1,254.7
149.3
551.6
466.7
520.9
15,976.8
2,012.2
1,294.4
159.2
558.6
479.4
517.2
15,965.1
2,015.9
1,297.2
157.1
561.6
481.8
513.9
15,839.2
2,011.8
1,297.5
153.3
561.0
479.3
517.6
15,681.0
1,944.1
1,249.6
146.2
548.3
471.4
528.9
15,954.7
1,994.4
1,288.4
150.2
555.9
484.9
528.7
15,975.6
1,999.9
1,290.9
150.7
558.3
486.7
527.6
15,997.6
2,004.4
1,293.6
151.2
559.6
486.7
529.0
22.0
4.5
2.7
0.5
1.3
0.0
1.4
1,221.7
3,071.7
1,025.7
911.2
1,328.5
1,322.1
3,134.7
1,045.1
937.3
1,370.3
1,298.7
3,127.7
1,044.3
938.5
1,372.2
1,267.8
3,102.9
1,039.9
936.4
1,349.6
1,238.0
3,075.1
1,031.3
907.5
1,361.8
1,284.4
3,103.1
1,047.0
924.6
1,381.2
1,293.7
3,107.7
1,046.5
923.0
1,378.3
1,289.1
3,108.7
1,046.2
930.5
1,392.6
-4.6
1.0
-0.3
7.5
14.3
613.2
3,100.4
1,287.4
1,813.0
833.9
514.9
610.2
3,166.9
1,291.1
1,875.8
851.5
529.9
615.4
3,172.5
1,294.4
1,878.1
851.2
533.0
612.5
3,149.7
1,280.7
1,869.0
837.0
534.7
619.0
3,156.4
1,326.3
1,830.1
827.5
520.0
628.3
3,198.6
1,316.3
1,882.3
841.4
538.1
627.3
3,205.8
1,319.6
1,886.2
840.0
539.1
625.2
3,209.9
1,322.4
1,887.5
836.9
538.4
-2.1
4.1
2.8
1.3
-3.1
-0.7
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,885.5
460.5
238.4
64.4
1,479.7
4,842.8
474.8
217.4
65.4
1,475.5
4,871.8
475.9
217.4
64.9
1,483.3
4,924.7
471.8
216.4
63.0
1,474.5
4,867.1
460.5
238.7
63.5
1,458.8
4,896.1
470.3
216.6
62.6
1,456.3
4,914.7
471.9
216.8
62.7
1,460.3
4,905.7
471.1
215.6
62.5
1,456.7
-9.0
-0.8
-1.2
-0.2
-3.6
487.2
50.3
38.4
657.9
584.5
824.2
415.4
48.3
40.2
652.9
591.7
861.2
418.6
48.0
41.1
654.1
600.8
867.7
473.3
47.8
36.5
656.9
609.9
874.6
475.3
50.1
33.0
657.7
606.0
823.5
474.1
48.0
30.7
651.7
623.1
862.7
477.1
48.1
30.7
653.0
627.0
867.1
463.0
48.1
30.3
656.3
629.7
872.4
-14.1
0.0
-0.4
3.3
2.7
5.3
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
560.1
570.7
567.3
564.5
560.8
565.2
564.4
564.8
0.4
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,756
727.7
2,791
729.6
2,786
731.8
2,760
725.6
2,766
726.0
2,777
726.4
2,773
729.0
2,774
726.4
1
-2.6
396.9
280.4
808.3
427.4
275.1
796.5
425.8
276.5
788.4
412.5
276.2
781.6
407.7
279.0
809.8
418.6
275.4
796.4
416.2
277.3
788.3
420.9
276.7
784.6
4.7
-0.6
-3.7
298.4
243.9
299.7
262.4
299.9
263.7
300.1
263.9
299.4
244.4
299.2
260.7
300.1
262.2
300.7
264.3
0.6
2.1
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . .
Activities related to credit intermediation.. .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . .
8,157
6,049.6
17.8
8,379
6,184.5
18.2
8,378
6,188.5
18.0
8,327
6,165.7
17.8
8,153
6,058.1
17.8
8,300
6,158.2
17.9
8,313
6,170.6
17.8
8,319
6,172.5
17.8
6
1.9
0.0
2,567.2
1,672.4
1,263.2
599.0
295.8
2,617.5
1,697.1
1,273.2
607.7
312.7
2,619.0
1,696.2
1,271.2
609.9
312.9
2,605.7
1,687.4
1,264.9
609.5
308.8
2,569.6
1,676.4
1,266.7
596.9
296.3
2,604.9
1,689.3
1,268.1
606.4
309.2
2,608.4
1,690.0
1,267.7
607.4
311.0
2,608.9
1,691.7
1,268.2
609.1
308.0
0.5
1.7
0.5
1.7
-3.0
909.3
2,555.3
2,107.4
1,528.9
554.9
23.6
935.4
2,613.4
2,194.2
1,590.9
579.4
23.9
939.1
2,612.4
2,189.0
1,593.2
572.1
23.7
933.6
2,608.6
2,160.8
1,578.8
558.7
23.3
912.9
2,557.8
2,094.8
1,524.0
547.2
23.6
929.4
2,606.0
2,141.9
1,562.6
555.8
23.5
934.2
2,610.2
2,142.6
1,567.6
551.6
23.4
933.9
2,611.9
2,146.0
1,572.5
550.1
23.4
-0.3
1.7
3.4
4.9
-1.5
0.0
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Continued
[In thousands]
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Change
from:
Aug.2016 Sept.2016p
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . .
Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scientific research and development
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other professional and technical services. . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . .
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . .
Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel arrangement and reservation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investigation and security services. . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . .
Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19,837
8,587.6
1,117.0
918.7
1,418.4
136.1
20,372
8,936.9
1,135.4
960.5
1,464.4
144.7
20,424
8,940.0
1,128.2
960.8
1,460.9
145.9
20,431
8,901.5
1,122.0
958.7
1,447.8
144.2
19,782
8,677.7
1,122.8
992.3
1,413.4
136.4
20,266
8,935.3
1,125.6
1,024.8
1,441.8
144.2
20,297
8,959.9
1,125.2
1,025.6
1,443.2
145.5
20,364
8,989.8
1,125.6
1,031.7
1,444.7
145.7
67
29.9
0.4
6.1
1.5
0.2
1,923.6
2,016.2
2,020.9
2,007.7
1,934.8
2,002.7
2,009.1
2,014.5
5.4
1,274.3
1,348.4
1,353.1
1,362.1
1,275.7
1,343.2
1,350.0
1,365.9
15.9
657.6
486.8
655.1
2,225.6
9,023.8
8,620.1
470.9
143.1
3,621.6
2,952.3
892.0
682.4
501.6
683.3
2,290.7
9,144.5
8,726.9
494.3
142.7
3,563.0
2,884.3
905.6
681.5
500.3
688.4
2,285.6
9,198.8
8,781.3
497.3
143.0
3,619.5
2,941.4
911.5
672.2
498.3
688.5
2,279.8
9,249.2
8,836.2
497.4
144.7
3,692.5
3,007.4
920.7
660.8
487.8
653.6
2,229.0
8,875.6
8,475.8
471.1
142.8
3,551.8
2,890.7
896.6
673.3
499.4
680.4
2,276.2
9,054.4
8,647.4
492.9
143.4
3,595.9
2,922.9
920.6
676.7
499.0
685.6
2,274.9
9,062.3
8,652.6
495.4
143.7
3,594.0
2,921.9
922.8
675.6
499.5
686.7
2,278.0
9,096.5
8,687.2
496.7
144.8
3,615.8
2,945.1
927.7
-1.1
0.5
1.1
3.1
34.2
34.6
1.3
1.1
21.8
23.2
4.9
202.9
884.4
2,092.0
313.2
208.4
898.6
2,190.9
323.4
207.7
902.8
2,175.8
323.7
205.2
908.7
2,140.1
326.9
202.3
873.8
2,024.8
312.4
205.1
901.3
2,066.5
321.6
205.5
900.5
2,067.7
323.0
205.1
900.8
2,072.1
324.1
-0.4
0.3
4.4
1.1
403.7
417.6
417.5
413.0
399.8
407.0
409.7
409.3
-0.4
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of other health practitioners. . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other ambulatory health care
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential mental health facilities. . . . . .
Community care facilities for the
elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency and other relief services. . . . . .
Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22,102
3,413.6
18,688.1
15,167.5
6,906.9
2,543.3
908.9
815.1
749.8
261.8
1,337.7
22,371
3,223.6
19,147.2
15,587.8
7,141.2
2,618.1
939.2
860.7
782.3
260.1
1,387.9
22,428
3,214.4
19,213.7
15,616.1
7,169.9
2,621.8
944.4
870.2
785.2
259.0
1,393.8
22,714
3,497.0
19,216.6
15,614.6
7,175.7
2,627.0
940.3
864.3
788.7
257.0
1,402.7
22,192
3,471.5
18,720.3
15,183.6
6,919.9
2,549.8
909.0
819.1
751.9
262.6
1,337.4
22,714
3,524.3
19,189.2
15,573.7
7,144.8
2,617.8
938.6
861.7
781.5
259.1
1,392.8
22,771
3,536.0
19,234.5
15,596.0
7,163.0
2,621.0
940.7
866.5
785.0
259.0
1,396.3
22,800
3,543.2
19,256.3
15,628.7
7,186.9
2,630.7
943.6
867.5
789.3
258.6
1,402.1
29
7.2
21.8
32.7
23.9
9.7
2.9
1.0
4.3
-0.4
5.8
290.3
4,955.2
3,305.4
1,657.1
606.9
292.9
5,098.0
3,348.6
1,670.6
613.9
295.5
5,106.2
3,340.0
1,662.5
614.4
295.7
5,112.1
3,326.8
1,658.3
612.2
290.2
4,955.1
3,308.6
1,657.1
607.6
293.3
5,092.1
3,336.8
1,664.0
611.8
294.3
5,103.3
3,329.7
1,658.2
612.6
295.1
5,110.2
3,331.6
1,658.5
612.7
0.8
6.9
1.9
0.3
0.1
879.2
162.2
3,520.6
2,148.9
155.6
335.9
880.2
897.8
166.3
3,559.4
2,220.3
157.8
340.7
840.6
898.8
164.3
3,597.6
2,233.7
159.8
337.8
866.3
892.9
163.4
3,602.0
2,220.5
158.0
332.8
890.7
881.8
162.1
3,536.7
2,164.2
156.1
336.2
880.1
896.6
164.5
3,615.5
2,220.4
157.2
334.1
903.8
895.9
163.0
3,638.5
2,235.4
159.9
334.2
909.0
896.5
163.8
3,627.6
2,236.0
158.8
334.2
898.7
0.6
0.8
-10.9
0.6
-1.1
0.0
-10.3
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . .
15,389
2,240.9
477.2
16,258
2,599.3
518.7
16,216
2,538.6
518.0
15,766
2,307.4
500.4
15,208
2,181.8
462.3
15,538
2,254.0
492.1
15,559
2,250.9
486.5
15,574
2,231.5
473.3
15
-19.4
-13.2
155.6
1,608.1
13,147.6
175.8
1,904.8
13,659.0
172.2
1,848.4
13,677.3
159.2
1,647.8
13,458.4
154.0
1,565.5
13,026.5
160.6
1,601.3
13,284.1
159.9
1,604.5
13,307.6
158.2
1,600.0
13,342.3
-1.7
-4.5
34.7
Industry
Private service-providing - Continued
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Continued
[In thousands]
Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Change
from:
Aug.2016 Sept.2016p
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . .
1,962.1
11,185.5
2,087.3
11,571.7
2,067.2
11,610.1
1,973.0
11,485.4
1,919.5
11,107.0
1,936.2
11,347.9
1,930.1
11,377.5
1,935.1
11,407.2
5.0
29.7
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . .
5,614
1,277.0
1,404.9
2,932.5
5,758
1,291.8
1,443.9
3,022.6
5,735
1,286.6
1,442.7
3,005.7
5,703
1,285.0
1,446.8
2,971.2
5,626
1,273.5
1,406.1
2,946.7
5,693
1,286.3
1,434.8
2,972.1
5,701
1,282.8
1,439.2
2,979.1
5,716
1,283.5
1,446.6
2,985.4
15
0.7
7.4
6.3
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
21,936
2,758.0
2,164.6
593.7
5,140.0
2,467.7
2,672.3
14,038.0
7,703.6
6,334.4
20,924
2,805.0
2,198.9
605.8
4,780.0
2,091.5
2,688.0
13,339.0
6,696.4
6,642.3
21,114
2,804.0
2,195.0
609.0
4,807.0
2,124.6
2,682.8
13,503.0
6,905.2
6,598.2
22,098
2,805.0
2,193.4
611.1
5,142.0
2,476.2
2,665.4
14,151.0
7,749.6
6,401.6
22,036
2,754.0
2,157.9
595.6
5,113.0
2,435.7
2,677.4
14,169.0
7,833.6
6,335.1
22,169
2,790.0
2,180.2
609.8
5,110.0
2,440.5
2,669.5
14,269.0
7,870.1
6,399.3
22,192
2,792.0
2,179.4
612.7
5,109.0
2,437.5
2,671.6
14,291.0
7,885.6
6,405.7
22,181
2,796.0
2,181.0
614.8
5,109.0
2,441.5
2,667.1
14,276.0
7,871.3
6,404.3
-11
4.0
1.6
2.1
0.0
4.0
-4.5
-15.0
-14.3
-1.4
Industry
Accommodation and food services Continued
Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3
Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .
34.5
40.2
44.0
39.1
40.6
40.9
40.1
33.4
34.7
38.8
31.6
39.0
42.5
36.0
37.7
36.1
32.8
26.3
31.8
34.4
40.3
43.2
39.2
40.8
41.3
39.9
33.3
34.4
38.9
31.1
38.8
42.4
36.1
37.7
36.1
32.9
26.1
32.0
34.3
40.1
42.9
38.8
40.6
41.1
39.8
33.2
34.2
38.8
30.9
38.6
42.2
35.9
37.5
36.0
32.9
26.0
32.0
34.4
40.2
43.4
39.1
40.7
41.1
39.9
33.3
34.2
38.9
30.8
38.7
42.5
35.9
37.5
36.1
32.9
26.1
31.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .
3.2
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.2
Industry
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$25.14
26.30
31.42
27.36
25.41
26.71
23.17
24.86
21.91
28.77
17.64
22.90
37.26
35.35
31.70
30.27
25.35
14.38
22.60
$25.71
26.97
31.89
28.20
26.03
27.32
23.82
25.41
22.39
29.69
17.86
23.36
38.38
36.58
32.43
30.90
25.71
14.94
22.91
$25.73
27.00
31.82
28.22
26.08
27.39
23.83
25.44
22.42
29.61
17.90
23.46
38.28
36.72
32.45
30.92
25.73
14.98
22.95
$25.79
27.08
31.97
28.30
26.16
27.44
23.96
25.50
22.46
29.63
17.87
23.65
38.23
36.83
32.48
30.93
25.81
15.07
23.01
$867.33
1,057.26
1,382.48
1,069.78
1,031.65
1,092.44
929.12
830.32
760.28
1,116.28
557.42
893.10
1,583.55
1,272.60
1,195.09
1,092.75
831.48
378.19
718.68
$884.42
1,086.89
1,377.65
1,105.44
1,062.02
1,128.32
950.42
846.15
770.22
1,154.94
555.45
906.37
1,627.31
1,320.54
1,222.61
1,115.49
845.86
389.93
733.12
$882.54
1,082.70
1,365.08
1,094.94
1,058.85
1,125.73
948.43
844.61
766.76
1,148.87
553.11
905.56
1,615.42
1,318.25
1,216.88
1,113.12
846.52
389.48
734.40
$887.18
1,088.62
1,387.50
1,106.53
1,064.71
1,127.78
956.00
849.15
768.13
1,152.61
550.40
915.26
1,624.78
1,322.20
1,218.00
1,116.57
849.15
393.33
734.02
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Aug.
2016 Sept.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
104.1
89.5
109.2
86.9
89.9
89.2
91.3
108.2
101.8
99.5
100.7
108.6
103.1
90.9
100.7
112.3
118.9
114.1
103.2
105.6
90.1
93.0
89.9
90.2
89.4
91.7
109.9
102.3
100.5
100.8
108.7
103.7
91.6
102.5
115.1
122.0
115.7
105.0
105.4
89.6
91.8
88.9
89.7
88.7
91.5
109.8
101.9
100.4
100.3
108.6
103.1
90.9
102.1
114.9
122.3
115.4
105.2
105.8
89.8
92.9
89.9
89.8
88.6
91.7
110.3
101.9
100.8
100.1
108.7
103.9
90.9
102.2
115.6
122.5
116.0
105.1
0.4
0.2
1.2
1.1
0.1
-0.1
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.4
-0.2
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.5
-0.1
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Aug.
2016 Sept.
2016p
125.1
106.4
137.8
103.4
106.2
105.8
107.3
130.7
120.1
119.5
117.4
126.3
126.9
114.5
124.5
137.7
144.9
132.4
127.8
129.7
109.8
119.1
110.1
109.2
108.4
110.8
135.8
123.3
124.6
119.0
128.9
131.5
119.2
129.6
144.0
150.9
139.5
131.9
129.6
109.3
117.3
109.0
108.7
107.9
110.6
135.7
122.9
124.0
118.7
129.3
130.3
118.9
129.2
144.0
151.3
139.5
132.3
130.5
109.9
119.2
110.5
109.2
108.0
111.5
136.7
123.2
124.6
118.2
130.4
131.2
119.3
129.4
144.9
152.0
141.0
132.6
0.7
0.5
1.6
1.4
0.5
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.2
0.5
-0.4
0.9
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.6
0.5
1.1
0.2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)
Percent of all employees
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................... .
Information........................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................... .
Government............................................ .
70,249
57,633
4,273
111
814
3,348
1,801
1,547
53,360
10,909
1,728.1
7,896.4
1,150.3
134.3
1,107
4,649
8,819
17,076
7,861
2,939
12,616
71,687
58,933
4,298
100
829
3,369
1,800
1,569
54,635
11,145
1,749.9
8,069.1
1,193.1
132.5
1,108
4,726
9,088
17,514
8,067
2,987
12,754
71,821
59,047
4,298
99
831
3,368
1,800
1,568
54,749
11,160
1,749.3
8,080.4
1,198.8
131.8
1,110
4,731
9,114
17,561
8,083
2,990
12,774
71,877
59,134
4,299
101
833
3,365
1,798
1,567
54,835
11,179
1,759.2
8,091.7
1,196.6
131.3
1,112
4,737
9,146
17,566
8,090
3,005
12,743
49.4
47.9
21.9
14.1
12.6
27.2
23.2
33.9
53.0
40.4
29.4
50.4
23.6
23.9
40.0
57.0
44.6
76.9
51.7
52.2
57.3
49.6
48.2
21.9
14.6
12.5
27.4
23.4
34.1
53.2
40.8
29.5
50.6
24.4
23.4
39.9
56.9
44.8
77.1
51.9
52.5
57.5
49.7
48.2
21.9
14.5
12.5
27.4
23.5
34.0
53.3
40.8
29.5
50.6
24.4
23.4
40.0
56.9
44.9
77.1
52.0
52.4
57.6
49.7
48.2
21.9
14.8
12.5
27.4
23.5
34.0
53.3
40.8
29.6
50.6
24.4
23.2
40.1
56.9
44.9
77.0
51.9
52.6
57.5
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... .
Wholesale trade.................................................................. .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing............................................... .
Utilities............................................................................. .
Information........................................................................... .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Other services....................................................................... .
99,129
14,090
572
4,864
8,654
5,338
3,316
85,039
22,694
4,717.8
13,316.6
4,210.2
449.3
2,243
6,303
16,231
19,483
13,403
4,682
100,721
14,120
481
5,019
8,620
5,278
3,342
86,601
22,963
4,742.0
13,534.1
4,232.6
454.3
2,234
6,443
16,585
19,948
13,702
4,726
100,774
14,088
475
5,013
8,600
5,260
3,340
86,686
22,991
4,745.7
13,551.0
4,240.7
453.4
2,233
6,450
16,577
19,991
13,714
4,730
100,919
14,092
472
5,030
8,590
5,252
3,338
86,827
23,013
4,755.4
13,566.5
4,236.9
454.4
2,229
6,456
16,657
20,007
13,717
4,748
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .
33.7
41.1
45.2
39.5
41.7
41.9
41.4
32.4
33.8
38.5
30.2
38.8
42.3
35.5
37.1
35.3
32.1
25.1
30.6
33.7
41.3
45.3
39.7
42.0
42.5
41.2
32.4
33.6
38.7
29.8
38.8
42.6
35.7
37.0
35.5
32.2
24.9
30.9
33.5
41.0
45.0
39.4
41.8
42.2
41.0
32.3
33.4
38.6
29.6
38.6
42.5
35.7
36.9
35.3
32.2
24.8
30.9
33.5
41.1
45.7
39.7
41.7
42.2
41.0
32.3
33.4
38.6
29.6
38.8
42.6
35.7
36.9
35.2
32.2
24.9
30.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.0
Industry
payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$21.12
21.99
26.70
24.97
20.07
21.06
18.45
20.94
18.75
23.69
15.00
20.72
34.08
28.89
25.47
24.97
22.20
12.45
19.12
$21.59
22.65
27.06
26.09
20.48
21.50
18.83
21.37
19.02
24.26
15.03
21.04
35.39
30.15
26.18
25.51
22.51
12.92
19.24
$21.63
22.71
27.14
26.16
20.55
21.57
18.90
21.41
19.01
24.19
15.00
21.08
35.47
30.27
26.28
25.57
22.55
12.94
19.27
$21.68
22.77
27.18
26.24
20.57
21.59
18.92
21.46
19.09
24.35
15.02
21.22
35.38
30.33
26.39
25.61
22.57
12.99
19.30
$711.74
903.79
1,206.84
986.32
836.92
882.41
763.83
678.46
633.75
912.07
453.00
803.94
1,441.58
1,025.60
944.94
881.44
712.62
312.50
585.07
$727.58
935.45
1,225.82
1,035.77
860.16
913.75
775.80
692.39
639.07
938.86
447.89
816.35
1,507.61
1,076.36
968.66
905.61
724.82
321.71
594.52
$724.61
931.11
1,221.30
1,030.70
858.99
910.25
774.90
691.54
634.93
933.73
444.00
813.69
1,507.48
1,080.64
969.73
902.62
726.11
320.91
595.44
$726.28
935.85
1,242.13
1,041.73
857.77
911.10
775.72
693.16
637.61
939.91
444.59
823.34
1,507.19
1,082.78
973.79
901.47
726.75
323.45
596.37
payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3
Industry
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Aug.
2016 Sept.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
111.3
88.5
137.4
96.2
82.8
84.0
80.9
117.3
106.9
107.0
101.8
123.0
97.2
90.9
110.1
128.4
133.3
123.2
100.5
113.1
89.1
115.8
99.8
83.1
84.3
81.1
119.5
107.6
108.1
102.1
123.6
99.0
91.0
112.2
132.0
136.9
125.0
102.4
112.5
88.3
113.6
98.9
82.5
83.4
80.7
119.2
107.1
107.9
101.5
123.2
98.5
91.0
112.0
131.1
137.2
124.6
102.5
112.6
88.5
114.6
100.0
82.2
83.3
80.6
119.4
107.2
108.1
101.6
123.7
99.0
90.8
112.1
131.4
137.3
125.1
102.9
0.1
0.2
0.9
1.1
-0.4
-0.1
-0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.5
-0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.4
Sept.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016p
Sept.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Aug.
2016 Sept.
2016p
157.1
119.2
213.3
129.7
108.7
110.5
105.5
168.5
143.0
149.3
130.9
161.6
138.3
130.0
172.5
190.8
195.4
174.2
140.0
163.2
123.6
182.2
140.5
111.3
113.1
108.0
175.1
145.9
154.4
131.5
165.0
146.2
135.9
180.8
200.3
203.4
183.4
143.6
162.6
122.7
179.3
139.7
110.9
112.3
107.8
175.1
145.2
153.7
130.5
164.8
145.9
136.3
181.2
199.6
204.2
183.1
143.9
163.2
123.4
181.2
141.7
110.6
112.2
107.8
175.8
145.9
155.1
130.9
166.6
146.2
136.4
182.1
200.3
204.6
184.6
144.7
0.4
0.6
1.1
1.4
-0.3
-0.1
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.9
0.3
1.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.8
0.6
payrolls.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, October 7, 2016

(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION SEPTEMBER 2016

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month

Household Survey Data

Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade,

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reason for unemployment

Employed persons at work part time

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(3-month average change, in thousands)

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent

The household survey includes agricultural

The household survey includes people on unpaid

The household survey is limited to workers 16 years

The household survey has no duplication of

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may

estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from

Not seasonally adjusted

Men, 16 years and over

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 16 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Not seasonally adjusted

See footnotes at end of table.

Not seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Less than a high school diploma

High school graduates, no college1

Some college or associate degree

Bachelors degree and higher2

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Gulf War-era II veterans

Gulf War-era I veterans

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Veterans of other service periods

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Persons with no disability

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Native born, 16 years and over

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

AGE AND SEX

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

AGE AND SEX

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Not seasonally adjusted.

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .