STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Client:

GeoData Survey Company

Designed By:

Job Name/Station:

Culvert Structural Design

Verified By:

Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh

Date:
Revision:

INPUT DATA
28
420
24
18
2940
3000
300
300
300
2000
0
144
30
16
75
2
150
150

CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, f'c

REBAR YIELD STRENGTH, fy
CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT, c
SATURATED SOIL UNIT WEIGHT, s
HEIGHT OFCULVERT, H
WIDTH OF CULVERT, B
THICKNESS OF SIDE WALLS, tw
THICKNESS OF TOP SLAB, tts
THICKNESS OF BOTTOM SLAB, tbs
DEPTH OF FILL, hf
IMPOSED SERVICE DEAD LOADS, wd
ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE, Qa
SOIL ANGLE OF FRCITION,
PREFERRED REBAR SIZE
CONCRETE COVER TO REBAR CENTER
NO. OF REINFORCEMENT LAYERS
MAIN REINFORCEMENT SPACING
TEMPERATURE REINFOR. SPACING

MPA
MPA
kN/cum
kN/cum
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
KPa
KPa
Deg.
mm

Design Summary

mm

Shear Status

O.K.

mm

Flexure Status

O.K.

mm

Soil Pressure Status

O.K.

mm

LL considered.
Design Based on
Traffic travelling parallel to span

LOADS ON THE CULVERT

For the design purposes a one-meter length of the culvert is considered.

Top Slab
Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)
Include live loads if hf < 2400mm
Multiple presence factor
Width of distributed load (parallel to span)
Length of distributed load (perpend. to span)
Pressure intensity at the specified depth of fill
Linear load on the top slab

hf =

2000
1.20
2250
4510
7.14
7.14

mm
mm
KPa
KN/m

Equiv. wheel loads don't overlap.

Wheel Load = 72.5 KN
Assumed to act on full width of the slab.

Dynamic Load Allowance (Impact Factor)

IM = 33(1 - 0.00041 hf) > 0%
Increased linear live load

5.94
9.08

%
KN/m

Weight of earth fill

Linear weight of fill on the slab

36.00

KN/m

KN/m

7.2

KN/m

Imposed dead loads

Linear imposed dead loads on the slab
Selfweight
Linear selft weight of the slab

Side Walls
Soil pressure
kah = (1 - sin ) / (1 + sin )
Surcharge on side walls due to top soil

0.333
36.00

KPa

Factor for increasing live load due to impact effects

Impact and multiple presence factor included.

Height of surcharge (h' = s / s )

2.00
29.6

Linear pressure at the bottom of the side wall

m
kN/m

Selfweight
Two side walls = tw (H - tbs - tts) c

33.70

KN

Bottom Slab
Self weight of the whole structure
Linear soil pressure due to stru. selfweight

61.632

kN/m

See note 1

9.08

KN/m

See note 1

Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)

Linear soil pressure due to live loads

FACTORED LOAD DIAGRAMS

1.25
1.50
1.75

Load factor for dead load

Load factor for horizontal earth pressure
Load factor for live load
54.00
18.00

18.00

44.5

44.5

77.04

ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE

The structure is analyzed using the moment distribution method.
The fixed-end moment at each joint is the superposition of the fixed-end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure loads.

Joint

Member

AC

AB

BA

BD

DB

DC

CD

CA

Length

2.34

3.00

3.00

2.34

2.34

3.00

3.00

2.34
0.0250

Moment of Inertia

0.0250

0.0250

0.0250

0.0250

0.0250

0.0250

0.0250

Distrib. Factor

0.56

0.44

0.44

0.56

0.56

0.44

0.44

0.56

FEM

13.04

-52.42

52.42

-13.04

15.46

-69.70

69.70

-15.46

Distribution

22.12

17.26

-17.26

-22.12

30.47

23.77

-23.77

-30.47

Carry Over

-15.24

-8.63

8.63

15.24

-11.06

-11.88

11.88

11.06

Distribution

13.41

10.46

-10.46

-13.41

12.89

10.06

-10.06

-12.89

Carry Over

-6.45

-5.23

5.23

6.45

-6.70

-5.03

5.03

6.70

Distribution

6.56

5.12

-5.12

-6.56

6.59

5.14

-5.14

-6.59

Carry Over

-3.30

-2.56

2.56

3.30

-3.28

-2.57

2.57

3.28

Distribution

3.29

2.56

-2.56

-3.29

3.29

2.56

-2.56

-3.29

Carry Over

-1.64

-1.28

1.28

1.64

-1.64

-1.28

1.28

1.64
-1.64

Distribution

1.64

1.28

-1.28

-1.64

1.64

1.28

-1.28

Carry Over

-0.82

-0.64

0.64

0.82

-0.82

-0.64

0.64

0.82

Distribution

0.82

0.64

-0.64

-0.82

0.82

0.64

-0.64

-0.82

Carry Over

-0.41

-0.32

0.32

0.41

-0.41

-0.32

0.32

0.41

Distribution

0.41

0.32

-0.32

-0.41

0.41

0.32

-0.32

-0.41

Moment Sum

33.44

-33.44

33.44

-33.44

47.65

-47.65

47.65

-47.65

Top Slab

45.19
-33.44

kN/m

45.19

kN/m

Top Slab Moment Diagram

50
40
30
20

kN/m

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.35

1.2

1.05

0.9

0.75

0.6

-10

0.45

Design Moment

0.3

10

0.15

Mmax (+)
Mmax (-)

Mo m ent (kN-m )

SHEAR MOMENT DIAGRAMS

-20
-30
-40

kN

150
100
50

Design Shear

68.15

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.35

1.2

1.05

0.9

0.75

0.6

0.45

0.3

kN
0.15

104.84
-94.36

Top Slab Shear Diagram

Vmax (+)
Vmax (-)

Shear (kN)

Distance x (m)

-50

kN

At distance d from the face of the support

-100
-150

Distance x (m)

40

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.2

1.35

-20

1.05

Design Moment

0.9

0.75

20

0.6

56.90

kN/m

kN/m

60

0.45

kN/m

0.3

47.65
-56.90

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

0.15

Mmax (+)
Mmax (-)

Mo m ent (kN-m )

Bottom Slab

-40
-60

100

At distance d from the face of the support

-100
-150
-200

Distance x (m)

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.2

1.35

-50

1.05

Design Shear

0.9

50
0.75

kN

150

0.6

90.61

kN

200

0.45

kN

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

0.3

139.40
-139.40

Distance x (m)

0.15

Vmax (+)
Vmax (-)

Shear (kN)

-80

Mmax (+)
Mmax (-)

48.27
-17.02

Mo m ent (kN-m )

Side Walls

kN/m

Side Walls Moment Diagram

60
50
40
30

kN/m

20

1.755

1.872
1.872

1.638
1.638

1.755

1.521
1.521

1.404

1.287

1.17

1.053

0.936

0.819

0.702

0.585

0.468

0.351

0
-10

0.234

10

kN/m

0.117

48.27

Design Moment

-20
-30

Distance x (m)

Shear (kN)

Side Walls Shear Diagram

7.04
-44.98

1.404

1.287

1.17

1.053

0.936

0.819

0.702

0.585

0.468

0.351

-10

Vmax (+)
Vmax (-)

0.234

0.117

10

kN
-20

kN

-30

Design Shear

38.69

kN

-40

At distance d from the face of the support

-50

Distance x (m)

THICKNESS CHECK
Shear strength provided by concrete = Vc0.17 (f'c)0.5 bw d
d (mm)

VckN)

Vd (kN)

Status

Top slab

225

151.8

68.1

O.K.

Bottom slab

225

151.8

90.6

O.K.

Side walls

225

151.8

38.7

O.K.

Component

REINF. CALCULATIONS
Minimum reinforcement ratio for main reinforcement, min

0.00078

See note 2

Minimum reinforcement ratio for temperature reinforcement, min

0.00081

See note 2

Maximum center to center spacing of reinforcement, smax

450.00

Component

Max (1.5 t, 450)

mm

MAIN REINFORCEMENT

TEMPRATURE REINF.

d (mm)

Mu(kN-m)

As (mm )

As prov

act

min

Status

act

min

Top slab

225

50.2

590

2681

0.0089

0.0016

O.K.

0.0089

0.0016

Bottom slab

225

63.2

743

2681

0.0089

0.0016

O.K.

0.0089

0.0016

Side walls

225

53.6

631

2681

0.0089

0.0016

O.K.

0.0089

0.0016

SOIL PRESSURE CHECK

Pressure on soil
Allowable soil pressure
Status

70.71
144.00
O.K.

KPa
KPa

1- In reality, the uplift soil pressure on the bottom slab may not be uniform. However, for simplicity, it shall be assumed to be uniform.
2- Minimum reinforcement ratio found is for one layer of reinforcement and shall be multiplyed by 2 if there is 2 layers of reinforcement.
3- Clear distance between two layers of reinforcement shall not be more than 150mm and less than 25mm.
4- All soil has been assumed to be saturated soil.
5- It has been assumed that only one axle of the design truck comes on the culvert at a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more widths
this design spreadsheet can not be used since it is possible that two axle loads come on the culvert.

N OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

TO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Hanz 11158
11/2/2016 2:03
Version 1.0

(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)
(AASHTO 3.6.1.1.2)
(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)
(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)

(AASHTO 3.6.2.2)

Factor for increasing live load due to impact effects

(cont'd)

(AASHTO 3.4.1)
(AASHTO 3.4.1)
(AASHTO 3.4.1)

15.89

15.89

Distance x (m)

2.85

2.7

2.55

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.35

1.2

1.05

0.9

0.75

0.6

0.45

2.85

2.7

2.55

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.35

1.2

1.05

0.9

0.75

0.6

0.45

2.85

2.7

2.55

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.35

1.2

1.05

0.9

0.75

0.6

0.45

2.85

2.7

2.55

2.4

2.25

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.65

1.5

1.35

1.2

1.05

0.9

0.75

0.6

0.45

(cont'd)

Top Slab Moment Diagram

Distance x (m)

Top Slab Shear Diagram

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

(cont'd)

1.404

1.521

1.638

1.755

1.872

1.989

2.106

2.223

2.34

1.404

1.521

1.638

1.755

1.872

1.989

2.106

2.223

2.34

1.287

1.17

1.053

0.936

0.819

0.702

0.585

0.468

0.351

Side Walls Moment Diagram

Distance x (m)

1.287

1.17

1.053

0.936

0.819

0.702

0.585

0.468

0.351

Side Walls Shear Diagram

Distance x (m)

(ACI 11.2.1.2)

(AASHTO 5.10.8)
(AASHTO 5.10.8)
(AASHTO 5.10.3.2)

TEMPRATURE REINF.
Status

O.K.
O.K.
O.K.

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