1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.

2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.

1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.

1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.

1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.

1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.

1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.

1WRITING SKILS 1 Creates its own context and therefore has to be fully explicit.2 Reader is not present and no interaction is possible 3 Reader not necessarily known to writer 4 No immediate feedback possible.Writer may try to anticipate readers reactions and
2incorporate them in the text 5 Writing is permanent, can be reread as often as necessary and at own reader's speed 6 Sentances are expacted to be carefully constructed and linked and organized to form a text 7 Devices to help convey the meaning are:punctuation,
3capitals and underlining(for emphesis) sentence boundaries early indicated FEATURES OF TEXT permanence, explicitness, density, detachment, organisation, slowness, standard, learnt skill, sheer amount of importance T. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS 1 structuring
4discourse 2f ollowing the rules-Sociocultural R – Turn-taking – R for writing 3 different styles and genres 4 interacting with the audience 5 Dealing with difficulties -Improvising-Discarding-Foreignising-Paraphrasing RECEPTIONiPRODUCTION 1output i input
52text as model 3text as stimuli 4recept as part of produc 5product enables recept 6integrated skills sequence PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1 Lang.-students have difficulties in writing if they lack vocabulary2 Topisc and genres-we should try topics which will
6interest Why do we mean by W skills? 1 handwriting 2 spelling 3 punctuation 4 sentence construction 5 organising the text and paraphrasing 6 the cohesion 7 register/style REASONS OF WRITING 1 Course validity2 skills training3 study skills4 memory5
7accuracy6 rounding-up7 transfer of skills TYPES OF WRITING personal,public,creative skills,social,study,institutional Approaches to writing 1 the controlled to free app.2 the free writing app 3 the paragraph pattern app 4 the grammar syntax organization app 5
8the communicative app6the process app generating ideas/REVIEWING focusing, structuring, drafting,, evaluating,, 2 major app:PRODUCT an old fashioned and ineffective PROCESS consisting of 4 skills reading, listening, speaking, writingProcess writing
9procedure:discussion, brainstorming, task writing, rough draf, preliminary self-evaluation, arranging info, first draf, group, conference, second draf,f inish d, final responding to the draf PRODUCT APPROACH 1 Evaluation by teacher 2 much of writing process is
10known to learners 3 Teacher is final judge 4 Writing done outside the classroom 5 Writing done alone 6 Writing taught as a separate skill7 Sentence writing as key to accuracy 8 Outcome of writing(product) 'predetermined' by teacher/model 9 Model text as starting-
11off point 10 Focus on what writers producePROCESS APPROACH 1 E.by learners/peers/teacher 2 Each stage of writing is trained by teacher through task 3 T.as a leader and collaborator 4 Writing in classroom 5 W as a collaborative process 6 W integrated with
12other skills 7 Relations between sentences stressed 8 Outcome of writing decided by students 9 Model texts may be introduced after learners have written something of their own 10 Focus on what writers do Copying-accuracy is important Doing exercises-A less
13imp. Guided writing A not very imp Free writing Fluency is the most imp TECHNIQUES IN USING PICTURES 1 description,contrast2 paragraph assembly3 sent combining4 paragraph completion 5 controlled composition 6 guided composition 7 role-play 8
14Ques n answ 9 Beyond the picture PREWRITING TECHNIQUES1 brainstorming 2 guided discussin 3 interview 4 skits 5 dictatnion 6 note taking7 story telling Techniques in teaching practical writing 1forms 2letters 3lists 4diary notes 5instructions
15Techniques in in using controlled writing 1 Controlled compositions 2 Ques n answ 3 guided composition4s entence combining 5parallel writing 6 practical writing skills do good writers demonstrate context,form,range of voc,accuracy, length, style
16organisatnion, handwriting, complexity CREATIVE WRITING motivating, providing the audience, sequencing ROLE OF THE TEACHER motivator, resource, feedback provider to use or not a computer no poor handwriting, word processor edit works with
17great speed, they check spelling, in group work monitor is more visable for students than a piece of paper, feedback given by a comp may less embarrassing to students, writing an e-mail to someone in the world and being understood is motivating, e-mail is just one
18more genre to be used to.