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Increasing,
x 2
x0
Point of inflection
2
Concave Down
x3
1
Decreasing,
x7
Relative Minimum
Conclusion
Decreasing
x 1
x0
Increasing, Concave up
Optimization
To optimize is to find the most favorable
solution.
Look for the solution that will yield either
the minimum or maximum quantity.
Absolute Extrema
A function f has an absolute maximum
value on an interval I if there is some
number c in I such that
for
each x in I.
A function f has an absolute minimum
value on an interval I if there is some
number c in I such that
for
each x in I.
Theorem
Suppose a function f is continuous on an
interval I containing the number c. If
is a relative extremum of f on I and c is
the only number in I for which f has a
relative extremum, then
is an
absolute extremum of f on I.
Absolute Extrema
for Open Intervals
Determine critical numbers of the
function.
Determine if there is a relative maximum
or relative minimum in the critical
number that is in the given interval.
If there are no other relative extrema
occurring in the interval, then the relative
extremum is the absolute extremum.
Example
Determine the absolute extrema of the
function
on
.
The only critical number in the interval is -1.
Example
Find the dimensions of a rectangle with area
of 1000 cm2 whose perimeter is as small as
possible.
Then
and
Note that
cm.
Example
We need to enclose a field with a fence. We
have 500 feet of fencing material and a
building is on one side of the field and so
wont need any fencing. Determine the
dimensions of the field that will enclose the
largest area.
Example
We want to construct a box from a 10 by 14
cm cardboard by cutting a square on each
corner and folding up the flaps. Find the
dimension of the square to be cut so that
the box to be constructed will have the
maximum possible volume.