Results

SAMPLE CALCULATION
Smooth surface with distance from the edge, x = 0.005 m.

air =1.204 kg/m3

5

=1.825 X 10

oil =784 kg /m

Velocity , u=

2 oil g h
air

2 X 784 X 9.81 X 0.02688

1.204
18.5314 m/s

U=

Free stream velocity,

u
0.99

22.8757
0.99

23.1068 m/s

The velocity, u for the free stream taken from the micrometer reading at
= 2.00mm) as the differential height is constant for the next 7 readings.
u 18.5314
=
U 22.8757
= 0.8020

(y

u
u
1 =0.8020 ( 10.8020 )
U
U

= 0.1588

Reynolds number,

Ux

1.204 X 23.1068 X 0.005

5
1.825 X 10

= 76 220.7869
For laminar flow,
Theoretical

5.0 x

5.0 X 0.05
76220.7869

= 9.0553 X 10-4 m

1.72 x

1.72 X 0.05
76220.7869

= 3.1150 X 10-4 m

0.664 x

0.664 X 0.05
76220.7869

= 1.2025 X 10-4 m

Experimental
Taking one-seventh power law on flat plate boundary

1
0

u
dy
U

1 dy

[ y

7y
8
8

7 7
8

1
7

8
7
1
7

]
0

7

8
1

8

1
( 9.0553 X 104)
8
=1.1319 X 10-4 m

=
0

u
u
1
dy
U
U

1 dy
y 1
( )7

7
1
y 7

()

7
8

8
2
1
7

7y
9

9
7
2
7

]
0

7
7

8
9

72

7
( 1.2025 X 104 )
72

= 1.1691 X 10-5 m

The value of

is same for both theoretical and experimental value.

TEST 1 (Smooth Plate)

Distance from the leading edge, x = 0.05 m
Micrometer
reading, y
(mm)

Static
pressure
manometer
(mBar)

Pitot tube
pressure
manomete
r (mBar)

Differential
manometer
height,
(mBar)

0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25

9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5

11.6
11.6
11.6
12.0
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7

2.1
2.1
2.1
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2

Free stream velocity, U (m/s) = 23.1068

Reynolds number, Re = 76 220.7869
As Re <3 x 106; Laminar Flow

5.0 x
=9.0553 X 104 m

1.72 x
4
=3.1150 X 10 m
x

Differentia
l
manometer
height , h
(mm)
26.88
26.88
26.88
32.00
34.56
35.84
37.12
38.40
39.68
39.68
39.68
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96

u (m/s)

u
U

18.5314
18.5314
18.5314
20.2195
21.0127
21.3983
21.7770
22.1493
22.5154
22.5154
22.5154
22.8757
22.8757
22.8757
22.8757
22.8757
22.8757
22.8757

0.8020
0.8020
0.8020
0.8750
0.9094
0.9261
0.9424
0.9586
0.9744
0.9744
0.9744
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900

u
u
(1 )
U
U

0.1588
0.1588
0.1588
0.1094
0.0824
0.0684
0.0543
0.0397
0.0249
0.0249
0.0249
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099

0.664 x
=1.2025 X 104 m
x

TEST 2 (Smooth Plate)

Distance from the leading edge, x = 0.2 m

Micrometer
reading, y
(mm)

Static
pressure
manomete
r (mBar)

0.00

9.3

0.25

Pitot tube
pressure
manomete
r (mBar)
11.5

Differentia
l
manometer
height,
(mBar)
2.2

Differentia
l
manometer
height , h
(mm)
28.16

9.3

11.5

2.2

28.16

0.50

9.3

11.6

2.3

29.44

0.75

9.3

11.8

2.5

32.00

1.00

9.3

12.0

2.7

34.56

1.25

9.3

12.2

2.9

37.12

1.50

9.3

12.2

2.9

37.12

1.75

9.3

12.3

3.0

38.40

2.00

9.3

12.4

3.1

39.68

2.25

9.3

12.5

3.2

40.96

2.50

9.3

12.5

3.2

40.96

2.75

9.3

12.5

3.2

40.96

3.00

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

3.25

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

u (m/s)

u
U

18.967
5
18.967
5
19.383
9
20.219
5
21.012
7
21.777
0
21.777
0
22.149
3
22.515
4
22.875
7
22.875
7
22.875
7
23.579
7
23.579

0.796
4
0.796
4
0.814
3
0.848
9
0.882
2
0.914
3
0.914
3
0.929
9
0.945
3
0.960
4
0.960
4
0.960
4
0.990
0
0.990

u
u
(1 )
U
U
0.1621
0.1621
0.1512
0.1283
0.1039
0.0786
0.0786
0.0652
0.0517
0.0380
0.0380
0.0380
0.0099
0.0099

3.50

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

3.75

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

4.00

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

4.25

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

4.50

9.3

12.7

3.4

43.52

7
23.579
7
23.579
7
23.579
7
23.579
7
23.579
7

0
0.990
0
0.990
0
0.990
0
0.990
0
0.990
0

u (m/s)

u
U

18.5314
18.9675
20.6199
21.3983
22.1493

0.8283
0.8478
0.9216
0.9564
0.9900

0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099

Free stream velocity, U (m/s) = 23.8179

Reynolds number, Re = 311 122.8362
As Re > 3 x 106; Turbulent Flow

0.370 x
()

1
5

0.0463 x
()

=5.8971 X 103 m

1
5

0.036 x
( )

1
5

=7.3795 X 104 m

=5.7378 X 104 m

TEST 3 (Rough Plate)

Distance from the leading edge, x = 0.05 m
Micrometer
reading, y
(mm)

Static
pressure
manometer
(mBar)

Pitot tube
pressure
manomete
r (mBar)

Differential
manometer
height,
(mBar)

0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00

9.5
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

11.6
11.8
12.2
12.4
12.6

2.1
2.2
2.6
2.8
3.0

Differentia
l
manometer
height , h
(mm)
26.88
28.16
33.28
35.84
38.40

u
u
(1 )
U
U

0.1422
0.1290
0.0723
0.0417
0.0099

1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50

9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6

3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0

38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40

Pitot tube
pressure
manomete
r (mBar)

Differential
manometer
height,
(mBar)

11.4

2.2

Differentia
l
manometer
height , h
(mm)
28.16

22.1493
22.1493
22.1493
22.1493
22.1493
22.1493

0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900

u (m/s)

u
U

18.9675

0.7964

0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099

Free stream velocity, U (m/s) = 22.3730

Reynolds number, Re = 73 800.2521
As Re <3 x 106; Laminar Flow

5.0 x
=9.2026 X 104 m
x

1.72 x
=3.1656 X 104 m
x

0.664 x
=1.1980 X 104 m
x

TEST 4 (Rough Plate)

Distance from the leading edge, x = 0.2 m
Micrometer
reading, y
(mm)

0.00

Static
pressure
manometer
(mBar)
9.2

u
u
(1 )
U
U

0.1621

0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25

9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2

11.4
11.7
12.0
12.1
12.2
12.4
12.4
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8

Free stream velocity, U (m/s) = 23.8179

Reynolds number, Re = 314 265.7710
As Re > 3 x 106; Turbulent Flow

0.370 x
()

1
5

0.0463 x
()

=5.8854 X 103 m

1
5

0.036 x
( )

1
5

=7.3646 X 104 m

=5.7263 X 104 m

2.2
2.5
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4

28.16
32.00
35.84
37.12
38.40
40.96
40.96
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52
43.52

18.9675
20.2194
21.3982
21.7770
22.1493
22.8757
22.8757
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797
23.5797

0.7964
0.8489
0.8984
0.9143
0.9299
0.9604
0.9604
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900
0.9900

0.1621
0.1283
0.0913
0.0784
0.0652
0.0380
0.0380
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099
0.0099

y vs (u/U) for [x=0.05m]

1.2
1
0.8

y 0.6
0.4
0.2
0

(u/U)
Smooth

Rough

y vs (u/U) for [x=0.2m]

1.2
1
0.8

y 0.6
0.4
0.2
0

(u/U)
Smooth

Rough

y vs (u/U)(1-u/U) for [x=0.05m]

0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12

0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0

(u/U)(1-u/U)
Smooth

Rough

y vs (u/U)(1-u/U) for [x=0.2m]

0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12

0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0

(u/U)(1-u/U)
Smooth

Rough

Data between Theoretical and Experimental Values

Smooth Surface: 0.05 m (Re = 76 220.7869)

Boundary Layer

Experimental (m)

Theory (m)

9.0553 X 10 m

9.0553 X 10-4 m

1.1319 X 10-4 m

3.1150 X 10-4 m

1.1691 X 10-5 m

1.2025 X 10-4 m

-4

Table 1: Smooth surface for 0.05m

Smooth Surface: 0.2 m (Re = 311 122.8362)

Boundary Layer

Experimental (m)

Theory (m)

5.8971 X 10 m

5.8971 X 103 m

7.3714 X 104 m

7.3795 X 104 m

5.7333 X 104 m

5.7378 X 104 m

Table 2: Smooth surface for 0.2m

Rough Surface: 0.05 m (Re =73 800.2521)

Boundary Layer

Experimental (m)

Theory (m)

9.2026 X 10 m

9.2026 X 104 m

1.1503 X 104 m

3.1656 X 104 m

8.9470 X 104 m

1.1980 X 104 m

Table 2: Rough surface for 0.05m

Rough Surface: 0.2 m (Re =314 265.7710)

Boundary Layer

Experimental (m)

Theory (m)

5.8854 X 10 m

5.8854 X 103 m

7.3568 X 104 m

7.3646 X 104 m

5.7219 X 104 m

Table 4: Rough surface for 0.2m

5.7263 X 104 m