Latin America is the region closest to the United States.

During the
span of time Latin America has been under the United States which is under
the Monroe Doctrine asserting U.S. primacy in the foreign affairs of the
region. Latin America is a major supplier of oil in the United States. It plays a
role on world market; it has been progressing since the United States has
been helping them to establish democracy among different countries of Latin
America. That was the story 2 decades ago. Latin America was indeed helped
by the United States and if there is still a great influence from United States,
it is finished. The region has been progressing it has also been facing
different societal problems ever since United States hegemony was over. Due
to the intervention of the people a task force was formulated to take note 4
major concerns: 1) Poverty and Inequality 2) Public Security 3) Integration
through Migration 4) Energy. The report was made to note progress and
challenges faced by the people and its government. It has been stated in the
introduction that while majority of the people has-been enjoying proper
education, adequate food, fairness: a percent of the population had not have
enough to suffice a day. Latin Americans cannot avoid crime in their territory.
They have prevented the loss of their energy and 12 million of their people
have been residing in the United States to be competitive enough so they
can alleviate themselves from the poverty line.
Over the course of years over Latin Americans still fail to acknowledge
how the Latin Americans define their own challenges that have produced
political strains. This inability made the Latin Americans to be stagnant and

this made the United states to think hard on the steps to take to further the
bonds towards Latin Americans. George Washingtons efforts to connect to
Latin American made a new era to US- Latin America relations.
From 1996-2006 US and Latin America has been, in a slang term best
buddies contributing not only for the benefit of only one region but the
benefit of both; economically and even population growth. Due to in demand
workers in the US, Latinos were eager to migrate to US to work in factories
which has totaled to 12 percent of the total population of the Latin
Americans. When the Latin American opened to globalization it meant that
US was not the only benefactor of the Latin American resources but now, it is
one of the few.
The Latin Americans wanted to continue their strong relationship with
United States but they also want independence. They need to know what
they want, so they will soon get what they want starting with the eradication
of poverty and Inequality, to provide public security, to give more jobs to
people, and to secure to themselves; the energy they need for the current
generation as well as the future generations to come.
Poverty and Inequality
Latin American has been developing in the 20th century, compared to
lost decade of the 1980s and the low growth rates of the 1990s. Its
economy has been on right side of the road. Regional inflation was 5.4
percent in 2007, a remarkable achievement given the regions history of
hyperinflation. It has developed tourism, mining and different sorts of

economic alleviation. It fast progress to alleviate economic disparity is the

opposite of the progress concerning the poverty and inequality that
circulates within the area. While a portion of the region is well to do, some
have inadequate food to fill the day and education may be selected to a few
of those who belong in the poverty line. With these reason a region or state
may branch different problems aside from inadequate food, a family may be
unable to access health and sanitation, security, as well may acquire
ignorance.
Poverty and Inequality not only affects the people but also the Latin
American government. This problem can give a reason for the hindrance to
the rise of the democratic perspective for the people. It has been said that
economic status reflects the Latin Americans elections. The Task Force finds
that despite positive recent trends, Latin America still lags behind other
world regions in its efforts to reduce poverty and income inequality.
Fromthe 1950s through the 1970s, efforts by international
organizations and developed countries to outgrowth development and
diminish poverty in poor nationsincluding much of Latin America. So in the
efforts to lessen the bad debt a consensus was made called the Washington
Consensuspromoted market and trade liberalization, as well as specific
fiscal policies. Policymakers often focused on the welfares of free trade.
The opening of LatinAmerican economies, the successful correction of
macroeconomic imbalances, and the reform of economic governance
structures have not substantially lowered poverty or structural inequality.

However, though determination was made and was put to action, there are
still countries in Latin America in which they do not think some things
concerning their economic prosperity; they do not implement domestic
policies necessary to ensure that the benefits from open markets are more
evenly spread.
Some countries have broken out of the cycle of poverty. In Latin
America, people strive hard to uplift themselves when the government
cannot, so they migrate to other countries specifically somewhere in the
United States. Some are fortunate enough to have felt growth of micro and
small-enterprise financing from private aid organizations, local and
international governments, international institutions, and private capital
markets has begun to reduce this discrimination and foster job creation.
One of the most peaceful regions in the world in terms of cross, border
violence, the Latin America present an add paradox, the world health
organization (WHO) ranks Latin America as the world most violent regions,
with homicide rate is three times the global average, other forms of violent
are ranging such as drugs trafficking organization transnational criminals,
into local crime rings and gangs, and this is alarming, according to
latinobarometro 17 percent of Latin American rate a lock of

personal

security this problem is only second only unemployment according also to

study of IDB six Latin American countries rate of violent crime in the rest of
the world more than 4 or every ten people killed by gunfire.

In the world the following crimes are reduce namely murder, kidnaping,
but the state is now controlled by illegal armed group, the substantial are
due to concerted of Columbian government, with assistance form of united
states, Colombia still has serous security problem, but important progress
has been made, an increase in violence or is stuck unacceptedly high level of
violence there is of course significant variation of Latin American in central
America the increasing prevalence of violence is a course of serious concern
homicide rates Guatemala and El Salvador are higher today than they were
during those countries and the director of UN office one drugs and crime
summed up of variety

and magnitude of central America security

challenges, crime, corruption , reign, drug prevent the economy, there other
country exhibit worrisome homely I Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, Brazil and
Mexico plague the both

countries while traffickers threatening the

government of Mexico.
That exacerbate the original problem, citizen view the police as parts
of problem rather than part of the solution, this is a result in part of poor
management as well up corruption, abuse the power of by enforcement, 19
percent of Latin Americans in the past twelve moths someone or even them
witness a corruption this is according latinobarometro 2007, an a survey
conducted by transparency international, finds that as many as 10 percent of
Latin American bottom half of its corruption percent index, in many countries
prisons notorious overcrowded and are controlled by gags- turning petty
criminals into more violent offenders who often become part of criminals

network.Ultimately the problems of public security lie at intersection of other

problems in Latin Americapoverty, economicdiscrimination, weak rule of the
law, corruption and impunity and migratory trends. Is thus crucial for the
region`s growth and stability. One of the problems is drug production and
illegal trafficking in Latin America or even in other nations it also include the
violence and other forms of crime. There are many groups that are trying to
find a solution in the said problems, like IDB but the problem is those illegal
acts there are big name who is ininvolved at the same time protector. Of the
said illegal acts so that even police will not easily get into it because of their
protector and this illegal groups had their money so that it can protect them
as drug increased significantly, this has resulted in Mexico`s growing
importance in from trafficking route and increasing competition among
different trafficking organization. And the result the illegal drugs such as
methamphetamine are in demand in this said country or even around the
world. There are groups, or even one man is making a move to give solution
in the said case. Like president Calderon his main objective is to turn the task
over the military in order to take control of this problem.
And in acknowledge to Mexico`s police have been unable to make
much

headway

with

promises

and

financial

from

Washington.

Colombia,Mexico the said countries is receiving money in promoting the rule

of the law on both side and borders. Those countries are receiving their
money every year or it had an interval at the same time a worrisome public
health problem insists as well as petty and more serious crime. And the use

of cocaineexpanded in the Europe and this is a problem once again. In some

place in this place a metric of tons is being produce obviously it is illegal. If
this problem well not be given attention by the government it has a
possibility that it might grow or even become the most problem in the world.
There are considerable crimes like money laundering, there are some
evidence that Hezbellah had a limited presence in the area but the evidence
is not strong enough. The middle east terrorist operatives is been accuse
that they had access in making inroads in Latin America, similarly and there
is little evidence that Venezuela haven Islamic terrorism,the commander of
the of the U.S command to express to congress this year. That there are two
very dangerous gang namely: the M-18 and the MS-13. The M-18 had a
member approximately 50,000 and the MS-13 that composed of over
100,000 members. It is being report by news that there are 1,300 of the
member of MS-13 is being arrested by the government in the United States.
In other words the origins of gangs is stemmed from the release of ten
thousand criminals. There are many crimes in this world that requires us to
control and make a move about it in orderfor us to live safety.
And the Central America and the United states made concerted efforts
to understand and address the treat. The FBI created a special task force to
take over to the gangs, which work on the central government of home land
security (DHS) there are many groups help to give educational and financial
support to the people and many programs that give knowledge to thepeople

about those gangs and crimes. But there is another problem comes out
before the problem will be solve this is the shortage or lack of money we
know that Latin America is not that reach country one of the evidence of it is
there GDP. There is an attack by the Colombian who is Raul Reyes. And there
are presidents who condemn Colombia`s action namely: Chavez,Correa and
other heads of the states. Both Equador and Venezuela expelled the
Colombian ambassador and in the Rio summit a peaceful resolution is
showed. There are many resolution is being showed in this summit like
diplomatic resolution.
But as general matter such mechanism, to solve a problems people
requires unity and cooperation this idea that in the summit they are trying to
emphasize the importance of institutional and legal mechanism of security
and the benefit of it one is the reduce of such tensions and a future without
war or even crimes as possible. In other forums even if its not dedicated to
the security the issues will go along the way because this is one of the major
problems in some states. Some of the other forums such as American
defense council and the Ameripol regional police force could also play
positive roles, to practices aimed at resolving such disputes. There are many
platforms about diplomatic and may bring peace in every regions.
There are many problems in those states or should I say in all states
one problem is the illegal possession of fire arms a state has their weapons
and ammunition or even nuclear weapon for such purpose example in times

of war in short they use weapon to protect the states but one thing is out of
place this is the use of the terrorist of guns instead to depend the states they
do the opposite thing they are the one who destroy their own state.
They are not allowed to use guns anyway because they because they
have no good commitment at the government. The terrorist got their guns in
different way like trafficking, barter or any illegal activities the worst is they
had some of the powerful weapons like nuclear and what so ever. if the bad
man has no availability to access to any deals with the weapons then there
is no terrorist and if there is no terrorist then there is peace and the crimes is
lesser than we observe or even witness it today.
The drugs transforms into powerful weapon in long process and by the
help of people who is behind it the weapons is in the hands of wrong ones
and there is a pattern first money to drugs into weapons or weapons to
money into drugs the process of this illegal acts is come and go In this world
the money that they earned in this activity is the money they use to finance
to their small illegal act and soon it will grows as a treat to one`s states.
There are many criminal organizations who is working daily to gain enough
power and those criminals is having deposited there billions in the bank this
is according to the Mexican attorney. But the government is taking risk to
protect the people inside its territory, there are many special task force
assign to control those terrorist in fact one of the special task force found out
and recovered the weapons of the terrorist there are many kinds of guns

such as hand guns and small guns that said this guns is one of the variable
in the illegal act of the terrorist if the government will control the terrorist or
either destroy them. That was the main objective of the special task force of
the government so that people will have their peace of mind if the people
and the government will unit it has a greater chance of winning this battle
earlier than only the government will fight for the people so we the people
we should fight not only for our safety but also for our government.
Western Hemisphere reshaped its economies and societies during the
process of Latin American migration since World War II. Most of these
migrants who are in the United States contributed to the countrys
labour

force. The

United

States

workforce,

meanwhile, has

become

increasingly dependent on these workers between mid-2005 and mid2006. An increase of 37%of the totalworkers in the United States were
accounted to the Latinos, andnow theyaccount for around 13%of the
United States labour force, and more than a quarter of the labour force in
states such as Arizona. They represent 41%of total employment in farming,
fishing, and forestry, 25%in the construction sector, and 28% in cleaning
and

maintenance. Whilelegalmigrantsareevenly split between males and

females, some 60% of illegal migrants are men. These workers tend to be
poorer

and

less

educated

bornAmericanworkersormigrantsfromotherregions.

than

native-

Seventy-ninepercent of Asian migrants and 87 percent of African

immigrants over age twenty-five have completed high school, compared to
only 44%

of Latin American migrants over age twenty-five. As a

result,LatinAmericanmigrantsgenerallyenterintolower-skilledsectors of
United

the

Stateseconomy.Althoughtheissueismuchdebated,mostanalysts find

the net economic impact of immigrants on the U.S. economy modestly

positive. The U.S. Council of Economic Advisers has found that immigrants
haveanoverallpositiveeffectontheincomeof
because

immigrants,

when

native- born workers,

arrayed

largely

by

years

ofschooling,areconcentratedattheextremesoftheeducationladder,
complementing U.S. workers who are grouped in the middle of the spectrum.
Migration within Latin America is also significant and accelerating.
Official statistics put the number of Latin Americans living outside of
their

home

countries

but

within

the

region

at

five

million,

but

considerable evidence suggests that the real number is much higher,

as porous borders, informal economies, and understaffed bureaucracies
make

tracking

difficult.

Recent

evidence

also

suggests

that

the

composition of such migration within Latin America is changing, with a

growing portion of skilled migrants leaving for other countries in the
region. In prior decades Latin Americans often migrated in response to
political upheaval or violent conflict. Today,migration is mostly driven
by economics. One additional factor in determining migration patterns
is existing networks of migrants: established family or community ties

from previous
general

waves of migration arrange housing, employment, and

support

and

thereby

facilitate

continued

flows

even

when

economic incentives decline. The Task Force finds that demographic trends,
economic

opportunity,

and

establishedimmigrantnetworksaretheprimarycausesofcurrentmigratorytrends
, encouraging men and women to search for better opportunities abroad. As
long astheseunderlyingfactorshold,substantialmigrationwithintheregion and
from the region to the United States will continue, even in the face of
restrictive immigration policies.
Remittances have become a critical source of income for many
developing countries. While some researchers worry that remittances
lead to a cycle of dependency, most think that remittances can play a
positive role in Latin American development. According to a prominent
study of those in Latin America who receive remittances, 80% spend
the funds on food, 48% on medication, 38% on education, 13% on
mortgage payments, and 9% on savings. Even expenditures on basic
household

goods

can

bolster

local

economies.

importantly,studiesindicatethatchildrenfromfamiliesreceiving

But

more

remittances

are significantly more likely to remain in school, regardless of the educational

level of the parents, a critical factor in development.Another

potentially

positive factor for development is non-permanent migration. Advances

in

communications

and travel

enable

more

circular

migration,

in

which people migrate for shorter periods of time or move back and

forth

repeatedly.

In

Latin

America,

such

continuous

migration

has

become an increasingly common strategy in the past six decades to

increase and diversify family income. In the long term, it also means
that migrants return to their home countries with new financial and
human capital. The Task Force finds that migration and remittances
benefit Latin American households by increasing disposable income and
investment, but could prove risky in the long run if those with skills
emigrate permanently. Domestic and international policies that promote
circular

migration

and

productive

investment

of

remittances

can

maximize the positive impact of migration for sending countries.

The United States dependency on foreign energy resources usually on
Middle East, but relies on western hemisphere closely half of its oil. Oil
provision of Latin America is up to 30 percent. Mexico via Petroleos
Mexicanos has the 1 percent of known oil reserves and produces
some 30 million barrels which is the U.S.s third most important
petroleum source, following Canada and Saudi Arabia. Rising domestic
demand, declining productivity, and depleted keeps threaten the
countrys name as an energy exporting nation. Up to 60 percent of
PEMEXs revenues go to governments budget and private/or foreign
investment in the oil sectors remains restricted. If it remains not
probably that the divided Mexican Congress will accept private section
investment, new production would take years to online, without

changes Mexico may become a net importer of oil in as few as ten

years.
Energy Integration in North America has continued. Comprehensive
cross-boarders, technology sharing and constant contract between energy
officials in both countries have assist the progress of third commerce
and constant dialogue. The North America Energy Working Group
(NAEWG), an organization of midlevel career energy statistics, and had
come to reach out various public and private stake holders.
Venezuela, the ninth largest producer of oil in the world, also faces
tests. However, Ecuador and Brazil are or could be other important
sources of oil for the region and for the United States.

Latin Americas natural gas sources also promising on playing an

important role part in the United States energy security in the coming
years. The United States now is able to meet most of its natural gas
needs. Peru is already set to take advantage of these developments
with long awaited liquefied natural gas (LNG) from Camisea reserves in
the south set to come online, and several commitments for Peru to
export LNG to the U.S West Coast and Mexico. However, in Bolivia
political chaos is a hinder for the potential of greater natural gas
production and export. Potential Bolivian exports to Chile have also put
on hold up by anti Chilean sentiment and resource nationalism. Other
regional energy integration proposals, such as the Gasoducto del Sur an
over 9,000 km pipeline linking future Venezuelan national gas fields to
markets in Brazil , Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and perhaps Chile
have also put on hold. A difficult test for both the U.S and Latin
America countries for the rise of resource nationalism. A difficult test
for both the U.S and Latin American countries for the rise of resource
nationalism. Approval of International Energy Agency (IEA) to meet
increase energy demands, Latin America need to require 1.3 tillion
dollars in overall investment in the energy sector. To diversify their
energy sources and reduce dependence on oil, hydroelectric power.
The region also made investments in solar and wind-powered
technologies in Argentina, Chile and Brazil. Scarcity in oil markets ,
environmental awareness, scientific advance and proactive subsidy

policies reasonable price, competitive with petroleum products in wider

scale was only in the past several years. Brazil become a global leader
in the promotion of sugar-based ethanol usage, in 2006 domestic
consumption of ethanol accounted for nearly half of Brazilian
passenger vehicle fuel supply by volume (in the U.S).

Nations: Guatemala, Costa Rica, and El Salvador are following Brazils

lead. Colombia are looking forward to producing biodiesel based on
palm. Protectionism remains a significant challenge to building a global
biofuels market. However, the negative consequences of external oil
dependence have lead some to concentrate on much self-sufficiency.
The U.S efforts have concentrated on alternatives . Latin America has
also seen resurgent interest in nuclear power. Forty years ago, there
showed a genuine risk of nuclear arms race in the region a trend that
was short-circuited by the establishment of Nuclear Weapons. Free
zoned by 1967 Treaty of Tlateloco. As of today compelling argument
for the expansion will require that Latin America address the complex
challenges of managing and disposing of radioactive and other nuclear
wastes. During being mindful of the week to the allocation of food
security, diversifying energy resources as an important driver of
economic development in Latin America. Perhaps expanding nuclear
power would further efforts at energy diversification. The next
administration and congress will have a critical opportunity to refrain
and redirect U.S resources and policy tools cannot refashion a
domestic policies and economies of Latin Americas own striving at
the same time advancing U.S interests in the security and prosperity of
the entire region.
In this book, the author points out the possible things U.S. government can
do to improve their relationship with Latin American government. The author

discussed the attainable perspective that the U.S. government may help in
improving the social and economic status of the Latin American Government.
In this connection, U.S. government as the author believe, should use
their advancement in technology, economy, and government to aid the need
of Latin American government. The author also points out that its not only
the U.S. government should make efforts in improving the Latin American
government, there should be collaboration between them.
With this strategy, the author believes that attaining such goals to
improve the social and economic status of Latin America is not impossible.
The author also discussed the need of the Latin American government to
adapt with the U.S. governments ideas on increasing their social and
economic status.
Therefore they should comply to the demands of U.S. government for
them to achieve the success they always wanted. If their collaboration will
work, then theres no question that someday Latin America will be as
successful as United States of America.