Subject Code / Name: EE6351 / Electrical Drives & Controls

1.

UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION
PART-A
Draw the block diagram of an electrical drive.

2.

What are the types of electrical drives?

3.

4.

5.

(AU 2015)3

(AU 2015)2

a)Group drive
b)individual drive
c) Multimotor drive
Mention the various factors that influence the choice of electrical (AU 2014)drives.
3
a) Steady state operation requirements.
b) Transient operation
requirements.
c) Requirements related to the source.
d) Capital and running cost, maintenance needs life.
Define cooling time constant of an electrical machine.
(AU 2012)2
It is defined as the ratio between C and A. Cooling time constant is denoted
as .
' = C/A
Where,
C=Amount of heat required to rise the temperature of the motor body by 1
degree
Celsius in J/C.
A=Amount of heat dissipated by the motor per unit time per degree Celsius
in J/S/C
Define the thermal overload factor for a motor working on short (AU 2012)time duty.
2
When motor operates, heat is produced due to losses inside the machine and
its temperature rise. As the temperature beyond ambient value, a portion of
heat produced flows out to the surrounding medium. The amount of outflow
of heat is a function of temperature rise of motor above ambient value. As
the motor temperature rises, the heat outflow increases and equilibrium
ultimately sets in when the heat generated becomes equal to heat dissipated
into the surrounding medium. Motor temperature then reaches a steady state
value. Steady state temperature depends on power loss, which in turn
depends on the output power of the machine. Since temperature rise has a

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direct relationship with the output power, it is termed thermal overload factor
on the machine.
6.

Name the four commonly used methods for the determination of (AU 2012)
power rating of motors.
a) Thermal loading
b) Steady state temperature
c) Motor duty
d) Temperature withstanding limits on insulating
materials.

7.

Explain heating and cooling curves.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13
.

(AU 2011)

A homogenous machine developing heat internally at a uniform rate and

gives it to the surroundings proportional to temperature rise. It can be proved
that the temperature rise of a body obeys exponential law.
When the machine is switched off from the main supply or when the load
on the motor is reduced, the machine cools.
Define group drive system.
(AU 2010)
If several groups of mechanisms are organized on one shaft and driven by
one motor, the system is called group drive or shaft drive.
Example: Flour mill and Rice mill drives
Define heating time constant.
(AU 2010)
Heating time constant is defined as the time taken by the machine to attain
0.632 of its final steady temperature rise. The heating time constant of the
machine is the index of the time taken by the machine to attain its final
steady temperature rise.
What is meant by continuous rating?
(AU 2010)2
Continuous rating of a motor is denotes operation at constant load (full load)
of sufficient duration. Centrifugal pumps, fans, compressors and conveyors
are some examples of equipment which run continuously with constant load.
What is meant by intermittent duty?
(AU 2009)
There are certain loads which require motors to be run for a certain period of
time and them switched off for a small period. This type duty is called
intermittent duty.
What is meant by overload current capacity of motor?
It is generally greater than the full load current capacity of the motor .During
the short time period, the motor can withstand by applying overload.
What are the advantages of the group drive?

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a) A single large motor can be used instead of a number of small motors.

b) The rating of the single large motor may be approximately reduced.
14 Write the best choice of electric motors for the following
.
application:
a) Pump load, b)Elevator.
a) Pump load- single phase or three phase cage induction motor
b) Elevator DC series motor, Slip ring induction motor.
15 Compare AC and DC drives. DC drives:
.
a) The power circuit and control circuit is simple and in expensive.
b) It requires frequent maintenance.
c) Power/weight ratio is small.
16 What is meant by overload current capacity of motor?
.
It is generally greater than the full load current capacity of the motor .During
the short time period, the motor can withstand by applying overload.
17 What are the types of enclosures?
.
a. Screen protected type
b.Drip proof type
c. Totally enclosed type
d.Flame proof type
18 What are the applications of electrical drives?
.
a. Paper mills
b.Electric traction
c. Cement mills
d.Steel mills
19 Mention the different types of classes of duty.
.
a. Continuous duty
b. Short time duty
c. Intermittent duty
d. Intermittent duty with starting
e. Intermittent duty with starting &
braking.
20 Define multi motor drive.
.
In this type of drive system separate motors are used for operating different
parts of the same load is called multi motor drive.
PART - B
1. Explain the thermal model of an electric motor for
(AU 2015)i) Heating the electric motor when starting from cold
2
ii) Cooling the electric motor when it is switched off from the
mains.
2. Explain the different classes of motor duty with the equation.
(AU 2015)4
3. Describe the selection of motor rating for continuous duty load.
(AU 2014)2
4. Briefly explain the various factors that will influence the choice (AU 2014)of elective drive.
2
5. Discuss in detail the determination of power rating of motors.
(AU 2014)
6. Explain various classes of motor drives.
(AU 2013)
7. i) A constant speed drive operating at a speed of 500 rpm has a (AU 2013)
cyclic loading
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as given below:
200 Nm for 10 minutes
300 Nm for 20 minutes
150 Nm for 20 minutes
No load for 10 Minutes
Estimate power rating of the motor.
ii) What are the different classes of motor duty?
8. Explain what is meant by a group drive. What are its advantages
and disadvantages?
9. Show that for an electric motor, the relationship between
temperature rise and time is an exponential function.
10. Discuss in details the various factors which affect the selection
of electrical drive for particular applications.
11. i) Explain the disadvantages of using a motor of wrong rating.

12.
13.

14.
15.

(AU 2012)
(AU 2012)
(AU 2010)
(AU 2010)

ii) The temp rice of a motor when operating for 25min on full
load 25c and becomes of 40c when the motors operate another
25min on the same load. Determine heating time constant and
steady state temp rise.
Explain the methods of estimating equivalent continuous power (AU 2010)
rating of a motor for short time load applications.
At full load of a 10 H.P the temperature rise of a motor is 25c
after one hour and 40c after two hours. Find 1) the final
temperature rise on full load. 2) heating time constant of motor.
3) half hour rating if iron losses which remain constant are 80%
of Copper losses at full load.
Explain the loading of an electric motor and its duty cycle with a
simple diagram.
The 10 minutes rating of a motor used in domestic mixer is 200
watts. The heating time constant is 40 minutes and the
maximum efficiency occurs at full load (continuous). Determine
the continuous rating.
UNIT-II
DRIVE MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS
PART-A

1.

Draw the speed torque characteristics of DC shunt and series (AU 2015)motor.
3

2.

Draw torque-armature current characteristics of D.C. shunt (AU 2015)

motor.

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3.

4.

.
What is meant by plugging?
(AU 2014)
The plugging operation can be achieved by changing the polarity of the
motor there by reversing the direction of rotation of the motor. This can be
achieved in ac motors by changing the phase sequence and in dc motors by
changing the polarity.
Draw torque-armature current characteristics of D.C. series (AU 2014)
motor.

5.

Draw the mechanical characteristics of three phase induction (AU 2013)motor.

2

6.

What are the methods of breaking of electric motors?

(AU 2013)2

a)Regenerative braking b)Dynamic (or) Rheostatics braking

c)Plugging (or)Reverse voltage braking

7.

Write down the equation for the back e.m.f of DC motor in terms (AU 2012)
of flux per pole and speed.
N= (V-Ia Ra)/ (or) Eb/
Where,N=Speed of dc motor; Ia=Armature current; Ra=Armature resistance

8.

9.

=flux per pole; Eb=back emf of dc motor

List the types of single phase induction motors.
(AU 2012)
a) Split phase induction motor
b)Capacitor start
inductor motor
c) Capacitor start capacitor run induction motor
d)Shaded pole
induction motor
Single phase induction motor is not a self starting motor. Why?
(AU 2012)

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Single phase supply is fed to the single phase induction motor. Its stator
winding produces a flux which is only alternates along one space axis only. It
is not a synchronously revolving flux, as in the case of a two or a three phase
stator winding, fed from a 2 or 3 phase supply. Now alternating or pulsating
flux acting on a stationary squirrel cage rotor cannot produce rotation. That is
why a single-phase motor is not self-starting.
10. Why is DC series motor used for traction purpose?
(AU 2011)
For traction purpose, we require high starting of DC motor. The DC series
motor has high starting torque. That is why, series motor used in traction
purpose.
11. State the advantages of electrical braking.
(AU 2010)
a) High efficient method
b)Low maintenance
c)Braking is very smooth
12. What is meant by dynamic braking?
(AU 2010)
In this method the armature of shunt motor is disconnected from the supply
and is connected across a variable resistance R. The braking torque is
controlled by the resistance R.
13 When plugging is employed for stopping an induction motor, why (AU 2009)
.
is it necessary to disconnect it from supply when the speed
reaches close to zero?
In plugging method, by changing the phase sequence (RBY), the motor rotate
in the reverse direction. Now, the motor comes to zero, we necessary to
disconnect induction motor from the supply.
14 Define slip.
.
Slip(s) = (Ns Nr)/Ns Where Nr = rotor speed in rpm & Ns=Synchronous
speed in rpm.
15 Why motor characteristics are important?
.
To select the electric motor for a particular application it is necessary to know
the characteristics of electric motors. Only the performance of DC motor can
be judged from its characteristics curve.
16 When does an induction motor behave to run off as a generator?
.
When the rotor of an induction motor runs faster than the stator field, the slip
becomes negative. Regenerative braking occurs and the K.E. of the rotating
parts is return back to the supply as electrical energy and thus the machine
generates power.
17 What are the components of load torque?
.
a. Friction torque
b. Windage torque
c. Torque required to the useful
mechanical work.
18 What are the classifications of load torque?
.
a. Active load torque
b. Passive load torque
19 How will you change the direction of rotation of a DC shunt
.
motor?
DC motor speed can be reversed by changing the armature terminals or field
terminals
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20 Compare electrical and mechanical braking.

.
Mechanical
Electrical
Brakes
require
very
little
frequent
maintenance
maintenance
Not smooth
smooth
Can be applied to
cannot
produce
hold the system at
holding
any position torque
PART B
1. Explain mechanical characteristics of D.C series and D.C
compound motor.
2. With a diagram explain Regenerative and dynamic braking of
electric motor.
3. With neat diagram and derivations, construct the speed-torque
characteristics of D.C. Shunt motors.
4. With necessary diagrams and derivations, explain the dynamic
or rheostatic braking of an induction motor.
5. Explain with speed-torque characteristics of DC series motor
under dynamic braking.
6. Explain speedtorque characteristics of different types of load
with graph.
7. Explain the modifications to the speed-torque characteristics of a
dc shunt motor for the following
i) With increase in armature resistance
ii)
By field
weakening.
8. A 220 V dc series motor runs at 1200 rpm (clockwise) and takes
an armature current of 80 A when driving a load with constant
torque. Armature resistance is 0.05 and field resistance is
0.05. Find the magnitude and direction of motor speed and
armature current if the motor terminal voltage is reversed and
the number of turns in field winding is reduced to 80%. Assume
linear magnetic circuit.
9. a) Explain with necessary circuit diagram, the reverse current
braking
and the braking Characteristics of the following:

(AU 2015)
(AU 2015)
(AU 2014)2
(AU 2014)2
(AU 2013)
(AU 2013)
(AU 2013)

(AU 2013)

(AU 2012)

i) DC shunt motor
ii) DC series motor
b) A 250V DC shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.05
and with
rated field excitation has a back emf of 245V. At a speed of
1200rpm. It is
coupled to an overhauling load with a torque of 200N-m
determine the
Lowest speed at which a motor can hold the load by
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regenerative
braking.

11. a) Sketch the speed- torque characteristics of a three phase

induction motor
and explain its motoring mode, generating mode and
braking mode of
operation.
b) A 15 kW, 415V, three-phase, 4 pole, 50 Hz induction motor
has a speed of
1455 rpm at full load. At this load, the mechanical losses are
600 watt and
the stator losses are 750watts. Find
i)
Full load slip
ii) Total input power to the motor.
iii) Current drawn at a full load, if the power factor is 0.8
lagging.
iv) Net torque developed at output at full load.
13. A DC series motor runs at 1000 rpm taking 100 A at 400V. A
diverter having doubled the resistance of the field winding is
then connected in parallel with it. Estimate the change in speed
if the torque varies as the square of the speed. Assume
unsaturated field and neglect losses.
14. Describe various methods of electrical braking of dc shunt motor
a compare their relative merits and demerits.
15. Explain the braking methods used in three phase induction
motors.
16. Explain the speed-torque and braking characteristics of single
phase induction motor.
17. A 400 V, 750 r.p.m., 70 A dc shunt motor has an armature of 0.3
ohm. When running under rated conditions, the motor is to be
braked by plugging with armature current limited to 90A. What
external resistance should be connected in series with the
armature? Calculate the initial braking torque and its value when
the speed has fallen to 300 rpm. Neglect saturation.
UNIT-III
STARTING METHODS
PART - A
1.

2.

(AU 2012)

(AU 2010)

(AU 2010)
(AU 2010)
(AU 2009)

State the necessity of starter for a dc motor.

(AU-2015)4
A DC motor is directly switched on, at the time of starting; the motor back
emf is zero. Due to this, the armature current is very high. Due to the very
high armature current, the motor become damaged. The starting current can
be limited by using starter.
What are the types of DC motor starter?
(AU-2014)2
a)Two point Starter
b) Three point Starter
c) Four point Starter

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3.

4.

5.
6.

7.

8.

Mention the types of starter suitable for three phase squirrel (AU-2014)cage induction motor.
2
i) DOL starter
ii) Stator resistance starter
iii) Star delta starter
iv) Auto transformer starter
What is the basic principle in starting 3-phase induction motor (AU-2014)using rotor resistance starter?
2
In this method, the motor is always started with full line voltage, applied
across the stator terminals. The value of starting current is adjusted by
introducing a variable resistance in the rotor circuit. At starting, the full
resistance is included and hence the starting current is reduced. The
resistance is gradually cut out of the rotor circuit as the motor gathers speed.
What are the two types of rotor for three phase induction motor? (AU-2013)
i) Squirrel cage induction motor ii) Slip ring induction motor.
What are the functions of starter of a dc motor?
(AU-2012)
i.
To limit the starting current
ii.
To protect the motor against low voltage and over load condition.
What is the advantage of three phase slip ring induction motor?
(AU-2012)
i. Pull-out torque can be achieved even from zero RPM.
ii. It has a high starting torque when compared to squirrel cage induction
motor.
Approximately 200 - 250% of its full-load torque. A squirrel cage
induction motor
takes 600% to 700% of the full load current, but a slip ring induction
motor takes a
very low starting current approximately 250% to 350% of the full load
current.
What is the basic difference between a three- point starter and a (AU 2011)four- point starter?
2
Three point starter:
i. The NVR coil is connected in series with the shunt field winding.
ii. The exiting current through the NVR coil in three point starter is same as
shunt field of
the motor.

9.

Four point starter:

i. The NVR coil along with a high resistance is connected across the supply
voltage.
ii. The exciting current through NVR coil of a four point starter is directly
proportional to
the supply voltage and independent on shunt field current.
What is the advantage of squirrel cage induction motor over dc (AU 2009)
motors?
i. Low cost
ii. Ruggedness, smaller size and weight
iii. They can operate in dusty and explosive environment, because the

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brushes are being not used. Therefore there is no possibility of sparking.

10. Name the type of induction motor which produces highest (AU 2008)
starting torque?
Slip ring induction motor.
11. Why squirrel cage induction motors are not used for loads
requiring high starting torque?
Squirrel cage motors are started only by reduced voltage starting methods
which lead to the development of low starting torque at starting. This is the
reason Why squirrel cage induction motors are not used for loads requiring
high starting torque.
12. Why, large current is drawn by three phase induction motor at
the time of starting?
When 3 phase induction motor is switched on at normal supply voltage,
heavy current will flow through the motor because at the time of starting,
there is no back emf. An induction motor, when directly switched on, takes 5
to 7 times its full load current and develops only 1.5 to 2.5 times full load
torque .This will affect the operation of other electrical equipments connected
to the same line. Due to this, starters are used for the three phase induction
motors.
13 What are the different types of protection provided in starter
.
used for a three phase induction motors?
i) No voltage release coil
ii) Over load relay coil.
14 Is it possible to include/ Exclude external resistance in the rotor
.
of a Squirrel cage induction motor? Justify
No it is not possible to include/ Exclude external resistance in the rotor of a
Squirrel cage induction motor because, the rotors bars are permanently
short circuited by means of circuiting rings (end rings) at both the ends. i.e.
no slip rings to do so.
15 What are the methods to reduce the magnitude of rotor current
.
(rotor induced current) at starting?
By increasing the resistance in the rotor circuit
By reducing the magnitude of rotating magnetic field i.e by reducing the
applied voltage to the stator windings.
16 What are the advantages and disadvantages of star delta
.
starter?
Advantages:
a. This method of starting is simple, cheap, effective b. The reduced
voltage is not variable.
Disadvantages:
a. The reduction in voltage is fixed and starting torque is also low. b. This
method is
unsuitable for line voltage exceeding 3000V.
17 Give some advantages and disadvantages of D.O.L starter.
.
Advantages:
a) Highest starting torque b)Low cost c) Greatest simplicity
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Disadvantages:
a)The inrush current of large motors may cause excessive voltage drop in the
weak power
system
b) The torque may be limited to protect certain types of loads.
18 Draw the Speed-Torque characteristics of an Induction motor
.
with various values of Rotor Resistance.

19 Give the relation between line voltage and phase voltage in a

(i) Delta connected network (ii) Star connected network.
.
i) Delta connected network: Vphase = Vline
ii) Star connected network: Vphase = Vline / 3
20 Compare the Induction motor starters.
.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

PART - B
With the neat diagram explain the operation of four point starter.
Also mention the advantage of its over a 3 point starter.
Explain with a diagram the rotor resistance starter type for 3
phase slip ring induction motor.
Discuss different types of D.C motor starters.

(AU
2
(AU
3
(AU
2
Explain the different starting method for three phase squirrel (AU
cage induction starter.
A starter is required for a 220V shunt motor .the maximum and
minimum range of current values 50A &30A respectively. Find (AU
the number of section of starter resistance required and the
resistance of each section .the armature resistance of the motor
is 0.5ohm.
i) Explain the function and working overload realease in a 3 (AU

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point shunt
motor.
ii) A 250V, 37kW, DC shunt motor is allowed to exert a
maximum of 150
percent of the full load torque during the starting period. the
resistance of
armature is 0.2 ohm and the full load efficiency is 84
percent. Number of
section of resistance in the starter.
Determine
a) The upper and lower limit of current during
starting
b) The values of resistance of each section of
the starter.
7. i) With the help of the neat diagram, explain the working of star
delta starter. ii) A 3 phase induction motor has the ratio of
maximum torque as 2.5:1.The
rotor resistance and standstill reactance per phase are 0.4
ohm
respectively. Determine the ratio of Starting torque to full
load torque, if
the star delta starter is used.
8. i) Describe the operation of suitable starter for 3-phase slip ring
induction
motors.
ii) Draw the control circuit for DOL starter.
9. Discuss the various methods of starting of induction motors and
compare their relative merits and demerits.
10. Explain the different types of starters used in DC shunt and
series motor.
11. Explain the different starters used in 3 phase induction motors.

(AU 2012)

(AU 2010)

(AU 2010)
(AU 2009)
(AU 2009)

12. A three phase delta connected cage type induction motor when
connected directly to 400V, 50 HZ supply takes a starting
current of 100 A in each stator phase. Calculate
i) line current on direct on line starting.
ii) line and phase starting currents for star-delta starting.
iii)line and phase starting currents for a 70% tapping on
autotransformer
Starting.
13. A starter required for a 220V shunt motor. The maximum
allowable current is 55 A and the minimum current is about 35
A .Find the number of starter resistance required and the
resistance of each section. The armature
resistance of the motor is 0.4 ohm.
14. Explain with neat circuit diagram, the star-delta starter method
of starting squirrel cage induction motor.
15. Draw and explain the push-button operated direct-on line starter
for three phase induction motor.
UNIT-IV
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CONVENTIONAL AND SOLID STATE SPEED CONTROL OF D.C. DRIVES

PART - A
1.

What is armature diverter speed control of D.C. series motor?

(AU 2015)

A diverter across the armature can be used for giving speeds lower than the
normal speed. For a given constant load torque, if I a is reduced due to

2.

3.

armature diverter, the must increase (Ta a Ia ) This results in an

increase in current taken from the supply (which increases the flux and a fall
in speed (N Ia/ )). The variation in speed can be controlled by varying the
diverter resistance.
How to control speed of D.C. shunt motor by armature control (AU 2015)method?
2
Speed of the motor is directly proportional to the back emf Eb and Eb = VIaRa. That is when supply voltage V and armature resistance Ra are kept
constant, speed is directly proportional to armature current Ia. Thus if we add
resistance in series with armature, Ia decreases and hence speed decreases.
Greater the resistance in series with armature, greater the decrease in speed.
What are the various methods of speed control in D.C. motor?
a) Armature control

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

b) Flux control

(AU 2014)2

c) Voltage control

What is the advantage of dc chopper drives?

(AU 2014)
Dc chopper device has the advantages of high efficiency, flexibility in control,
light weight, small size, quick response and regeneration down to very low
speed.
Define duty cycle of dc chopper.
(AU 2014)
The ratio of ON period of the chopper to the total time period is called duty
cycle of chopper. It is denoted by and given as =(TON/T).
Field control is employed for getting speeds higher than rated (AU 2013)and armature voltage is employed for getting speeds less than 2
rated why?
By using this formula N (Eb/)
For field control method, by maintaining voltage constant and by decreasing
the flux the motor speed increases above rated speed.
For armature control method, by maintaining flux constant by decreasing the
flux motor speed decreases below rated speed.
Draw the speed-torque characteristics of DC series motor for (AU 2012)different values of armature resistances.
2

Draw the block schematic of the phase controlled rectifier fed DC (AU 2012)
drives.

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9.

10.

11.

12.

13
.

Enumerate the limitation of field control in dc motor?

(AU 2012)
i. The flux cannot be brought to zero level.
ii. If certain occasions, the flux becomes zero. i.e., field gets open, the motor
tries to run with infinite speed. It causes damage to the machine.
What is a DC chopper?
(AU 2012)
It converts the fixed dc voltage in to variable dc voltage. It is known as dc
chopper.
What is time ratio control?
(AU 2012)
In time ration control method, duty cycle Ton /T is varied. By varying the duty
cycle output voltage is also varied.
State the different methods of speed control of DC series motor.
(AU 2010)
i. Variable resistance in series with motor.
ii. Flux control method
a) Field divertor
b) Armature divertor
c) Tapped field control
d)
Paralleling field coils
Write the application of DC chopper.
(AU 2008)
a) Electric traction
e)Printing mills

b) Steel mills

c) Paper mills

d) Machine tools

14 State the advantage of ward- Leonard control system.

(AU 2008)
.
i. Full forward and reverse speed can be achieved.
ii. Short time over load capacity is large.
iii. The armature current of the motor is smooth.
iv. A wide range of speed control is possible.
15 What is meant by solid state speed control?
.
The speed control which is achieved using solid state static devices or the
semiconductor devices with greater flexibility and control is called solid state
speed control.
16 What is a controlled rectifier?
.
A controlled rectifier is a device which is used for converting controlled dc
power from a control voltage ac supply.
17 What is firing angle?
.
The control of dc voltage is achieved by firing the thyristor at an adjustable
angle with respect to the applied voltage. This angle is known as firing angle.
18 Give some applications of phase control converters.
.
Phase control converters are used in the speed control of fractional kW dc
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motors as well as in large motors employed in variable speed reversing drives

for rolling mills. With motors ratings as large as several MWs.
19 What is the main purpose of freewheeling diode?
.
Freewheeling diode is connected across the motor terminal to allow for the
dissipation of energy stored in motor inductance and to provide for continuity
of motor current when the thyristors are blocked.
20 What is current commutation?
.
A current pulse is forced in the reverse direction through the
conducting thyristor. As the net current becomes zero, the
thyristor is turned OFF. This is known as current commutation.
PART - B
1. Explain the ward-Leonard method of speed control of DC motors (AU 2015)with a sketch showing the circuit. State also the adv of the 3
method.
2. With a circuit explain speed control strategies of D.C. Motor using (AU 2015)
first quadrant chopper.
3. A 220V D.C. shunt motor takes 5A on no-load and runs at (AU 2014)
750rpm.The resistance of the armature and shunt field winding
are 0.2ohm and 110 ohm respectively. Calculate the speed when
motor is loaded and taking a current of 50A. Assume the
armature reaction weakens the field by 3%.
4. Explain the operation of single phase full converter fed (AU 2014)separately excited DC motor drive.
2
5. With neat circuit diagram, explain chopper fed four quartrand DC (AU 2013)
drives.
6. A DC series having a armature resistance of 1 ohm, runs at a (AU 2012)
speed of 800 r.p.m at 200V with a current of 15A. Find the speed
at which it will when a 5 ohm resistance is connected in series, at
a same supply and taking the same same current.
7. A 100V shunt motor has a armature resistance and field (AU 2012)
resistance of 0.4 ohm respectively. At a particular constant
torque load, it takes a current of 25A at the speed of 1200 r.p.m.
A chopper is used to control the speed of the motor. Find Ton to
reduce the Speed to 800r.p.m at the chopper frequency of
500Hz.
8.

Describe with the help of a connection diagram the ward lonard (AU 2010)
methods of speed control. Explain in operation at starting,
stopping and reversing. States the merits and demerits of the
scheme.
9. A 220V,24A,1000rps separately
excited DC motors has an (AU 2010)
armature of 2Amps.motor is controlled by a chopper operating at
600 Hz from a 230V supply .calculate at the duty ratio for 1.2
times rated torque and 500 rpm. Draw the power circuit for the
DC motors drive.
10. Name the different flux control methods adopted for DC series (AU 2010)
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11.
12.

13.
14.
15.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

motors.
Draw the explain the speed control of DC motor using chopper (AU 2010)
drives.
Speed of 200V series motor is 800 RPM and takes 60 A. If 1/3 of
the field turns are cut out, find out the speed, assuming torque
to remain constant. Armature resistance is 0.2 ohms and field
winding resistance is 0.21 ohms.
Explain in detail the single phase semi-converter speed control
for DC drive for separately excited motor.
Explain the different methods of speed control employed in DC
Shunt Motor.
Explain how the speed of a DC Shunt Motor can be varied both
above and below the speed at which it runs with full field
current.
UNIT-V
CONVENTIONAL AND SOLID STATE SPEED CONTROL OF A.C. DRIVES
PART - A
What is v/f control in three phase induction motor?
(AU 2015)2
In voltage/frequency control method, motor speed can be varied by varying
voltage and frequency, but we can maintain V/F ratio is constant.
State conventional methods of speed control of stator side of (AU 2015)three phase induction motor.
2
a) Supply frequency control. b) Supply voltage control.
c) Controlling number of stator poles to control N s.
d) Adding rheostats in
stator circuit.
How to keep the magnetic field in the stator of induction motor (AU 2014)
approximately constant in the operating range of speeds?
If the voltage and frequency of supply given to induction motor is rated then
flux or magnetic field in the stator is also rated. If it is to be maintained
constant then with change in frequency of supply of supply the voltage
should also be varied in such a way that ratio of v/f remains constant.
VE=Kf. Where, K is some constant.
Explain the importance of AC voltage regulator for speed control (AU 2014)
of 3 phase induction motor.
AC voltage regulators convert fixed ac voltage to variable one without change
in frequency. With the use of semiconductor devices, ac voltage regulators
have high efficiency, compact size and flexibility in control is achievable.
Because of low control power and fast response, ac voltage regulators are
also suitable for closed loop control of induction motor. Thus smooth variation
in speed control of induction motor is possible with voltage regulators.
State the applications where stator voltage control is employed
(AU 2013)
for three phase induction motors.
The stator voltage control method is suitable for applications where torque
demand reduces with speed, which points towards its suitability for
a) Fan
b) Pump drives.

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6.

Draw the block diagram of conventional scherbius system.

(AU 2013)

7.

What are the variable frequency AC drive applications?

(AU 2013)
a) Used in pumps.
b) Used as I.D, FD fans.
c) Used in lifts and
elevator.
8. What are the advantages of v/f control for three phase induction (AU-2012)
motor?
a) Smooth speed control.
b) Small input current and improved power factor at low frequency start.
c) Higher starting torque for low cage resistance.
9. Mention the advantages of slip ring recovery scheme of
(AU 2012)
controlling the speed of induction motor?
The slip power can be recovered and fed back to the supply due to this
overall efficiency is increased.
10. What is meant by V/f control?
(AU 2010)2
If the ratio of voltage to frequency is kept constant, the flux also remains
constant. At low frequency the air gap flux is reduced due to the drop in the
stator impedance and the voltage has to be increased to maintain the torque
level. This type of control in usually called as volts/hertz (v/f) control.
11. Mention some of the merits and demerits of ac drives.
(AU 2009)2
Merits:
a) Very fast response. b) Less losses. c) More reliability and long life due to
absence of moving parts. d) Pollution free method.
Demerits:
a) Very difficult to regeneration of power. b) It contains low power over load
capacity.
12. Draw the block diagram of soft starter.
(AU 2009)

13 What is meant by slip power recovery scheme?

(AU 2008)
.
The wasting of slip power can be recovered by various schemes for the speed
control of slip ring induction motor. This system is called as slip power
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recovery system.
14 How the variable frequency is obtained at the output of the
.
inverter?
In the inverter circuit, the output frequency can be varied by varying the on
and off time of the devices.

15 How is speed control achieved by voltage/frequency control in a

.
3 phase induction motor?
In voltage/frequency control method, motor speed can be varied by varying
voltage and frequency but we can maintain V/F ratio is constant.
16 State the types of speed control of induction of induction motor.
.
a) Stator voltage control b) Stator frequency control c) Rotor resistance
control
d) Slip power recovery scheme.
17 What is meant by stator voltage control?
.
The speed of induction motor can be varied by changing the stator voltage.
Because the torque is proportional to the square of the voltage.
18 What is meant by frequency control of induction motor?
.
The speed of the induction motor can be controlled by changing the supply
frequency, because the speed is directly proportional to supply frequency.
This method of speed control is called frequency control.
19 What is meant by sub synchronous speed operation?
.
The sub synchronous speed operation means, the slip ring induction motor
speed can be controlled below synchronous speed. The slip power is fed back
to the supply.
20 What is meant by supper synchronous speed operation?
.
The supper synchronous speed operation means, the slip ring induction
motor speed can be controlled above synchronous speed. The slip power is
fed back to the rotor side.
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.

PART - B
Describe Kramer system slip power recovery system of 3 phase
induction motor.
Explain voltage source inverter fed AC drive speed control of
induction motor with circuit and its characteristics.
What is meant by slip power recovery scheme? Explain with the
necessary diagram.

(AU 2015)2
(AU 2015)
(AU 2014)2

State and explain the various schemes adopted for control of (AU 2014)induction motor using voltage source inverter.
2
Explain working of conventional Kramer slip power recovery (AU 2014)
system.

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6.

Explain various method of conventional speed control of threephase induction motor from rotor-side.
7. Explain the static scherbius drive which provides speeds below
and above synchronous speed.
8. Explain the constant torque mode and constant power mode of
operation of voltage source inverter fed induction motor drive
with necessary diagram.
9. Explain voltage /frequency control 3 phase induction motor.
10. Sketch and explain the circuit using thyristor controller, to
control the speed of a 3 phase induction motor by varying the
stator voltage. Mention the merits and demerits of this method.
Also sketch and explain the torque speed characteristics when
stator voltage control is used.
11. Explain the following solid state methods of controlling speed of
3 phase induction motor with suitable diagram.
i) Cyclo converter static scherbius drive. ii) Static Kramer
drive.
12. With suitable schematic diagram explain the following solid state
methods of controlling speed of 3 phase induction motors
i) Static Kramer drive.
ii) DC link scherbius drive.

(AU 2014)
(AU 2013)
(AU 2013)

(AU 2013)
(AU 2012)

(AU 2012)

(AU 2012)

13. Explain the scherbius system of slip energy recovery schemes (AU 2011)
used in speed control of large induction motors.
14. A 3 phase.4 pole, 415 V,50 HZ induction motor has a star
connected stator. The rotor
impedance at standstill is
0.1+j0.9.The stator to rotor turns ratio is 1.75.calculate the
External resistance per phase required in the rotor to limit
starting rotor current to 60 A, Using rotor resistance starter.
15. A 50 HZ induction motor uses a pole amplitude modulation
method to control the speed.The stator has 16 poles while the
pole modulating function has 4 poles. At what speeds motor can
run?

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