Professional Documents
Culture Documents
for
California Gardens
An Illustrated Reference of Plants for California Landscapes
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Introduction
These pages are contained within the book Landscape Plants for California Gardens.
They cover information on plant climate zones, estimated water needs of plants,
and lists and palettes of plants that are adaptable in meeting water conservation and
design needs for a variety of project situations.
The goal is to provide information that can assist in the design and management of
landscapes throughout California with an emphasis on water conservation through
the use of plant palettes that fit into compatible hydrozones.
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Contents
Introduction
Section
One - Plant Climate Zones and Water Estimates
California Plant Climate Zones and Maps
Estimating Water Needs of Plants and Landscapes
Master Plant Checklist
10-17
18-25
26-41
Phormium Sunset
Aggregated Lists
Plant Types
44-47
48-49
50-51
52-53
54-55
56-57
58-59
60-61
Flowering Trees
Flowering Shrubs
Vines
Ground Covers
Flowering Perennials
Palms, Cycads and Ferns
Bamboo, Grasses and Sedges
Agave, Aloes, Cacti and Succulents
62-62
64-64
66-67
68-69
70-71
72
73
74-75
Street Trees
Trees for Parkways and Medians
Monumental Scale Trees
Courtyard and Patio Trees
Plants with Special Interest and Character
Hedges and Screening
Fragrant Flowers and Foliage
Olive to Silver Foliage Color
Red to Purple Foliage Color
Fall Foliage Color
Variegated Foliage
Bold Foliage
Soft Foliage
Butterfly Plants
Hummingbird Plants
Bioswale Plants
Shade Plants
Container Plants
76-77
78
79
80
81
82-83
84-85
86-87
88
89
90-91
92
93
94-95
96
97
98-99
100-101
LPCG 6
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Woodland Palettes
Subtropical Palettes
Crape Myrtle
Eastern Redbud
Japanese Black Pine
Japanese Maple
Southern Magnolia
Trees and Turf Grass
Giant Bird of Paradise
Jacaranda
Natal Coral Tree
Queen Palm
Trumpet Tree
104-105
106-107
108-109
110-111
112-113
114-115
116-117
118-119
120-121
122-123
124-125
Southwestern Palettes
126-127
128-129
130-131
132-133
134-135
136-137
138-139
140-141
142-143
133-145
146-147
148-149
150-151
152-153
154-155
156-157
Phormium Maori Chief
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Section One
Many people familiar with plants are aware that maps, tables, calculations and
checklists used to describe climate zones and water needs are only approximations.
Plants are adaptable to many conditions which limits any effort to place them in
absolute categories. There will always be exceptions. Maps, tables and calculations
are intended to be useful guides that bring attention to the most common needs and
adaptations of plants. This information is most helpful when combined with sound
horticultural knowledge, regular observation and planting experience. A series of
plant palettes are presented in Section Three to provide examples that show how
information in this section can be applied.
Contents
California Plant Climate Zones and Maps
Introduction
Northern California Climate Zones and Map
Central California Climate Zones and Map
Southern California Climate Zones and Map
Reference Evapotranspiration
Precipitation and Microclimates
Plant Factors
Irrigation Groups
Hydrozones
Irrigation Efficiency
Example Water Budget Calculations
10-11
12-13
14-15
16-17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24-25
Comprehensive List of Plants with Climate Zones and Plant Factors 26-41
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Introduction to California
Topography
Statewide climate conditions are heavily modified by regional
topography, including elevation, slope and orientation. It is
the remarkably diverse topography of California that largely
defines the boundaries of the 21 climate zones by altering
regional temperatures, precipitation and sunlight into
different local patterns. There are many examples where two
very different plant climate zones occur in close proximity to
each other, but are separated by a topographic feature such as
a ridgeline or the slope of a valley floor.
Reference Evapotranspiration
Reference evapotranspiration is defined as the combined loss
of moisture from evaporation and transpiration during the
growth of four to seven-inch cool season grass. Reference
evapotranspiration is measured by weather stations throughout
the state and is summarized on a monthly and annual basis.
This data is used in estimating the water needs of plants in
different climate zones. The key climatic factors influencing
evapotranspiration rates are solar radiation, air temperature,
relative humidity and wind speed.
Precipitation and Supplemental Irrigation
Similar to temperature, natural precipitation varies greatly
across California. Most of the state has a Mediterranean
climate pattern that brings the great majority of rain and
snow during winter months and very little during summer
months. The widespread use of supplemental irrigation
in landscapes and gardens helps offset the lack of summer
precipitation. However, the increasing demand for water
through population growth and recurring drought cycles
necessitates mindful conservation and efficiency in the use
of supplemental irrigation.
Microclimates
The broad plant climate zones of California have proven to be
highly successful in helping guide the selection of plants for
garden and landscape use across California. At the same time,
the exact boundaries of these zones are hard to identify and
seasonal conditions change from year to year.
Additionally, the occurrence of buildings and pavement as
well as the orientation and enclosure of entries, patios and
courtyards create microclimate conditions with significantly
modified temperature and sunlight, as well as drainage and
soils that are completely different from the broader conditions
at large. The greatest success of landscapes and gardens rests
upon interpreting the microclimate conditions throughout
the different seasons of the year in the process of selecting,
planting and caring for plants.
Introduction to California
Northern Latitude
17
9
14
Pacific Ocean
15
17
15
15
17
16
17
17
14
16
15
17 16
Topography
14 9
14
15
1
8
11
17
16
14
24
2
21
20
11
13
18
19
3
20
22 23
18
2 3
19
24
13
23
19
21
20
24
23
18
13
11
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Northern California
Introduction
Alturas
Burney
Shasta
Weed
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
18-33F
78-80F
20-45
160-200
Annual:
Nov-Mar:
Apr-Oct:
Snow:
Yreka
South Lake Tahoe
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
25-28F
85-88F
1-55
140-210
Growing Season
2-3 Months
Growing Season
3-4 Months
Growing Season
5-6 Months
Grass Valley
Lakeport
Nevada City
Weaverville
Growing Season
9-10 Months
Growing Season
8-9 Months
14
28-35F
85-91F
40-75
35-40
Chico
Gridley
Marysville
Woodland
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
36-39F
92-94F
89-94
18-38
Oroville
Red Bluff
Redding
Williams
Willows
Woodland
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
37-39F
93-94F
89-97
18-29
Growing Season
8-9 Months
12-40 in.
15-28 in.
10-12 in.
30-60 in.
Napa
Petaluma
Santa Rosa
Sonoma
Ukiah
Willets
33-38F
80-91F
20-80
26-80
North Coast and Range Zones Average Temperatures Average Rainfall Reference ETo
15
Garberville
Gurneyville
Occidental
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
40-43F
75-78F
10-13
2-3
17
Bodega Bay
Crescent City
Eureka
Ft. Bragg
Pt. Arena
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
40-42F
62-66F
0-1
5-15
Growing Season
8-9 Months
Growing Season
8-9 Months
Northern California
17
P A C I F I C
O C E A N
15
17
14
7
E
2
2
14
A
D
15
2
9
7
17
14
15
14
7
15
17
Adapted and reprinted by permission from the
University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources
16
17
15
14
1
9
7
Copyright Robert C. Perry - Climate and Water
13
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Central California
Introduction
Growing Season
2-3 Months
Grant Grove
Huntington Lake
Growing Season
5-6 Months
Atascadero
Lake Nacimiento
Paso Robles
Growing Season
9-10 Months
Growing Season
9-10 Months
14
22-26F
70-73F
0
150-175
24-29F
94-95F
95-97
40-50
Bakersfield
Fresno
Hanford
Los Banos
Merced
Visalia
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
35-38F
95-98F
95-110
20-40
Coalinga
Folsom
Madera
Maricopa
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
47-51F
74-76F
95-105
20-30
Growing Season
8-9 Months
Davis
Modesto
Sacramento
Santa Ynez
Stockton
36-39F
80-90F
70-80
15-30
San Francisco Bay & Central Coast Average Temperatures Average Rainfall Reference ETo
15
Menlo Park
Palo Alto
Santa Maria
San Luis Obispo
Walnut Creek
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
37-42F
72-80F
5-15
10-15
16
Belmont
Carmel Valley
Los Altos Hills
Saratoga
San Anselmo
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
43-45F
75-80F
5-9
9-12
Monterey
Oakland
Richmond
San Francisco
Santa Cruz
Vallejo
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
43-45F
65-71F
1-4
1-3
Growing Season
8-9 Months
Growing Season
8-9 Months
17
Growing Season
8-9 Months
15
7
14
17
17
14
15
Central California
16
17
14
16
16
17
16
15
16
15
9
7
17
P
11
14
16
17
I
F
16
15
14
17
E
7
A
16
17
11
16
14
17
Adapted and reprinted by permission from the
University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources
16
23
24
18
18
21
Copyright Robert C. Perry - Climate and Water
3
15
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Southern California
Introduction
Growing Season
3-4 Months
Growing Season
5-6 Months
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
17-20F
72-78F
0-1
200-215
Lake Arrowhead
Wrightwood
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
27-30F
76-80F
5-7
105-110
11
Growing Season
7-8 Months
Victorville
Barstow
Lancaster
Palmdale
13
Growing Season
7-8 Months
Indio
Palm Desert
Palm Springs
Rancho Mirage
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
30-36F
95-104F
110-150
35-80
Annual:
Nov-Mar:
Apr-Oct:
Snow:
4-6 in.
3-4 in.
1-2 in.
1-2 in.
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
41-43F
104-106F
175-185
6-15
Inland Valleys & Foothill Zones Average Temperatures Average Rainfall Reference ETo
18
Chino
Ontario
Riverside
San Fernando
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
39-45F
88-92F
80-100
8-16
19
Chatsworth
Hemet
Pomona
San Fernando
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
38-40F
87-94F
70-100
13-23
20
Escondido
Glendale
Ojai
Ramona
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
36-42F
84-88F
40-70
10-30
21
Altadena
Pasadena
Rancho Bernardo
Thousand Oaks
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
43-45F
84-88F
40-70
3-10
Growing Season
7-8 Months
Growing Season
7-8 Months
Growing Season
7-8 Months
Growing Season
8-9 Months
22
Growing Season
8-9 Months
23
Growing Season
10-11 Months
24
Growing Season
12 Months
Anaheim
Downey
Fullerton
Los Angeles
Santa Ana
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
43-49F
80-84F
20-30
0-8
Camarillo
Hollywood
Mission Viejo
Vista
Whittier
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
43-45F
80-83F
16-26
2-3
Long Beach
Newport Beach
Oxnard
San Diego
Santa Barbara
Winter Minimum:
Summer Maximum:
Days above 90F:
Days below 32F:
43-45F
65-71F
2-5
0-2
11
11
Southern California
E
V
A
D
A
11
2
11
11
18
20
21
20 21
22
20
23
19
21
18
23
22
24
19
20
23
13
19
19
18
11
23
O
C
E
20 19
18
23
11
21
24
11
19
11
24
13
13
19
21
17
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Reference Evapotranspiration
Introduction
Total
Total
Fresno ETo
Plant Climate Zone: 8
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Total
Total
1.0 1.8 3.5 4.7 6.6 7.7 8.5 7.3 5.3 3.5 1.6 0.9 52.4 in.
2.5 2.7 3.9 5.3 6.1 6.9 7.3 7.0 5.5 4.2 3.0 2.5 56.9 in.
0.9 1.6 3.3 5.2 6.7 7.8 8.0 7.6 5.4 3.6 1.7 0.9 53.7 in.
1.8 2.1 3.3 3.9 4.5 4.3 5.3 4.7 3.7 2.8 1.8 1.5 39.7 in.
Total
Needles ETo
Plant Climate Zone: 11
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Total
Total
Total
Riverside ETo
Plant Climate Zone: 18
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Total
2.2 2.7 3.7 4.7 5.5 5.8 6.2 5.9 5.0 3.9 2.6 1.9 50.1 in.
3.2 4.2 6.6 8.9 11.0 12.4 12.8 11.0 8.9 6.6 4.0 2.7 92.1 in.
2.0 2.9 4.9 7.2 8.3 8.5 11.6 8.3 7.2 5.9 2.7 1.7 71.2 in.
1.5 1.8 2.8 3.8 5.2 5.3 6.2 5.6 5.0 3.2 1.7 1.0 43.0 in.
2.5 2.9 4.2 5.3 5.9 6.6 7.2 6.9 5.4 4.1 2.9 2.6 56.4 in.
Total
Total
1.5 1.3 2.4 3.0 3.7 4.6 4.9 4.8 4.1 2.8 1.3 0.7 35.1 in.
2.0 2.5 3.2 3.8 4.6 5.1 5.5 4.5 3.4 2.4 1.8 1.8 40.6 in.
Seasonal precipitation
Microclimates
19
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Plant Factors
Introduction
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Individual Plant Water Needs = (ETo) x (PF)
Los Angeles ETo Plant Climate Zone: 22
J F M A M J J A S O N D Total
2.2 2.7 3.7 4.7 5.5 5.8 6.2 5.9 5.0 3.9 2.6 1.9 50.1 in.
Plants with regular water needs throughout the year:
Acer palmatum (H)
50.1 in. x (0.6-0.8) = 30-40 in.
Lagerstroemia indica (M) 50.1 in. x (0.4-0.6) = 20-30 in.
Plants with reduced summer water needs:
Abutilon palmeri (M/L) 50.1 in. x (0.3-0.5) = 15-25 in.
Acacia aneura (L/VL) 50.1 in. x (0.2-0.3) = 10-15 in.
This approach calculates the annual supplemental water
needs of plants and landscapes in inches and can be used
to schedule irrigation systems. Inches of water can also
be converted into gallons of water; this is illustrated in the
example calculations on pages 24-25.
It is important to note that plant factors provide a range of
moisture needs for the average reference evapotranspiration
levels that have occurred for many years. This range
provides flexibility to adjust supplemental irrigation to fit
microclimate conditions and variations in average weather
conditions that can occur in any specific year.
Common Name
PF
Edward Goucher Abelia M
Glossy Abelia
M
NCN
H
Indian Mallow
M/L
Mulga
L/VL
Box Elder
H
Japanese Maple
H
Norway Maple
H
Silver Maple
H
IG
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
M
M
M/L
M
L/VL
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
H
H
H
H
H
L/VL
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Rosemary
Desert Ruellia
Leather Fern
Butchers Broom
Coral Fountain
Weeping Willow
Black Willow
Red Willow
Arroyo Willow
Spring Willow
Allen Chickering Sage
Irrigation Groups
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
ETo
100%
80%
H/M
60%
PF
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
ETo
PF
H/M
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
Introduction
Above: Many agaves, cacti and succulents grow well with low to
very low amounts of supplemental water.
21
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Hydrozones
Hydrozones (H)
Above/Below: Examples of two different landscapes, each comprised of several hydrozones. The design and layout of various plant
species to match exposure conditions and topography produce hydrozones of similar water needs. Irrigation systems suited to each
hydrozone can be designed and managed to provide supplemental water as efficiently as possible.
Irrigation Efficiency
Introduction
23
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Introduction to MAWA
J F M A M J J A S O N D
ETo
0.62
AF
LA
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3.3 3.4 2.5 1.0 .25 .07 .01 .05 .29 .45 1.3 2.3
Total
50.1 in.
Total
14.9 in.
Hydrozone Area 1
Tall Fescue Turf Grass
Hydrozone Area 2
Community Garden
Edibles and Perennials
Rainfall Adjustment
ETo
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
H
M
L
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Introduction to ETWU
Total
35.1 in.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
6.0 2.3 2.7 1.7 1.1 0.3 .03 0.2 0.1 0.6 2.5 6.5
Total
24.3 in.
Hydrozone Area 3
Perimeter Planting
Native and Mediterranean
Rainfall Adjustment
Rainfall Adjustment
PF
ETo
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0
H
M
L
25
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M
M
H
M/L
H
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
M/L
M
H/M
M
H
M
M
M/L
H
H
L/VL
L/VL
M
M
M
M
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M
M
H
H
H
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Aloe ciliaris
NCN
L/VL
Aloe dichotoma
Quiver Tree
L/VL
Aloe ferox
Bitter Aloe
L/VL
Aloe Johnsons Hybrid
NCN
L/VL
Aloe maculata
Soap Aloe
L/VL
Aloe marlothii
NCN
L/VL
Aloe x nobilis
NCN
L/VL
Aloe plicatilis
Fan Aloe
L/VL
Aloe speciosa
Tilt-head Aloe
L/VL
Aloe x spinosissima
NCN
L/VL
Aloe striata
Coral Aloe
L/VL
Aloe striatula
Hardy Aloe
L/VL
Aloe vera
Medicinal Aloe
L/VL
Alstroemeria hybrids
Alstroemeria
M
Alyogyne huegelii + cvs
Blue Hibiscus
M/L
Anigozanthos species + cvs
Kangaroo Paw
M/L
Anisacanthus species + cvs
Mexican Honeysuckle
M/L
Anisodontea x hypomandarum + cvs Cape Mallow
M
Antigonon leptopus + cvs
Coral Vine
M
Aptenia cordifolia
Red Apple
L/VL
Araucaria bidwillii
Bunya-bunya
M
Araucaria columnaris
New Caledonian Pine
M
Araucaria heterophylla
Norfolk Island Pine
M
Arbutus Marina
NCN
M/L
Arbutus menziesii
Madrone
M/L
Arbutus unedo + cvs
Strawberry Tree
M/L
Archontophoenix cunninghamiana King Palm
M
Arctostaphylos bakeri Louis Edmunds Louis Edmunds Manzanita M/L
Arctostaphylos edmundsii + cvs Little Sur Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos Emerald Carpet
Emerald Carpet Manzanita M/L
Arctostaphylos glauca
Bigberry Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos hookeri + cvs
Monterey Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn McMinn Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita M/L
Arctostaphylos Lester Roundtree Lester Roundtree Manzanita M/L
Arctostaphylos manzanita + cvs
Parry Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos Pacific Mist
Pacific Mist Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos pumila
Dune Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos Sunset
Sunset Manzanita
M/L
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi + cvs
Kinnikinnick
M/L
Arctotheca calendula
Cape Weed
M/L
Arctotis aucaulis + cvs
African Daisy
M/L
Argyranthemum frutescens + cvs Marguerite Daisy
M
Argyranthemum gracile
NCN
M
Aristida purpurea
Purple Three-awn
M/L
Armeria maritima + cvs
Common Thrift
M/L
Artemisia arborescens
Shrubby Wormwood
L/VL
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush
L/VL
Artemisia Powis Castle
NCN
M/L
Artemisia pycnocephala + cv
Sandhill Sage
M/L
Asclepias curassavica
Blood Flower
M/L
Asclepias speciosa
Showy Milkweed
M/L
Asclepias subulata
Desert Milkweed
M/L
Asclepias tuberosa
Butterfly Weed
M/L
Asparagus densiflorus + cvs
Asparagus Fern
M
Asparagus setaceous
Fern Asparagus
M
Aspidistra elatior + cv
Cast-iron Plant
M
Asplenium bulbiferum
Mother Fern
H
Asplenium nidus
Birds Nest Fern
H
Astelia chathamica Silver Spear
Silver Spear
H
Asteriscus maritimus + cv
Gold Coin
M/L
Asteriscus sericeus
Canary Island Daisy
M/L
Atriplex canescens
Fourwing Saltbush
L/VL
Atriplex lentiformis ssp. lentiformis Big Saltbush
L/VL
Atriplex lentiformis ssp. breweri
Quailbush
L/VL
Aucuba japonica + cvs
Japanese Aucuba
M
Baccharis Centennial
Centennial Desert Broom M/L
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + ` + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
27
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Coyote Brush
M/L
Mule Fat
M/L
Broom Baccharis
M/L
NCN
M/L
Desert Marigold
L/VL
Hedge Bamboo
M
Oldham Bamboo
M
Weavers Bamboo
M
Buddhas Belly Bamboo
M
Painted Bamboo
M
Hong Kong Orchid Tree
M
Brazilian Butterfly Tree
M
Red Orchid Tree
M
Purple Orchid Tree
M
Bottle Tree
L/VL
NCN
L/VL
Easter Lily Vine
M
Oregon Grape
M
Darwin Barberry
M
Golden Abundance Barberry M/L
Leatherleaf Mahonia
M
Chinese Holly Grape
M
Nevins Barberry
M/L
Creeping Barberry
M/L
Japanese Barberry
M
Heartleaf Bergenia
M
Winter-blooming Bergenia M
NCN
M/L
River Birch
H
European White Birch
H
Crossvine
M
Queens Tears
H
NCN
H
Hammock Fern
H
Bougainvillea
M/L
Bougainvillea
M/L
Side-oats Grama
L/VL
Blue Grama Grass
L/VL
Australian Flame Tree
M/L
Queensland Lacebark
M/L
Kurrajong Bottle Tree
M/L
Bottle Tree
VL/L
Blue Hesper Palm
M
San Jose Hesper Palm
M
Guadalupe Palm
M
Angels Trumpet
M
Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow M
Butterfly Bush
M
NCN
M/L
Pindo Palm
M
Japanese Boxwood
M
Common Boxwood
M
Cascalote
M/L
Yellow Bird of Paradise
M/L
Mexican Poinciana
M/L
Red Bird of Paradise
M/L
Feather Reed Grass
M/L
Mendocino Reed Grass
M/L
Pacific Reed Grass
M/L
Baja Fairy Duster
M/L
Fairy Duster
M/L
Pink Powder Puff
M
NCN
M/L
Surinam Powder Puff
M
Trinidad Flame Bush
M
Lemon Bottlebrush
M/L
NCN
M/L
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Weeping Bottlebrush
M/L
Incense Cedar
M/L
Cape Chestnut
M
One-sided Bottlebrush
M/L
Silky netbush
M/L
Spice Bush
M/L
Japanese Camellia
M
NCN
M
NCN
M
Bellflower
M
Chinese Trumpet Creeper M
Common Trumpet Creeper M
NCN
M
Canna
H
Caper
M/L
Leather Leaf Sedge
M
Berkeley Sedge
M
Glaucous Sedge
M
California Meadow Sedge M
Western Meadow Sedge
M
San Diego Sedge
M
Orange Sedge
M
Natal Plum
M
Saguaro
L/VL
Bush Anemone
M/L
Ice Plant
L/VL
Pecan
M
Blue Mist
M/L
Common Bluebeard
M/L
Giant Fishtail Palm
M
Clustered Fishtail Palm
M
Jaggery Palm
M
Gold Medallion Tree
M
River She-oak
M/L
Horsetail Tree
M/L
Common Catalpa
M
Western Catalpa
M
Island Ceanothus
M/L
Centennial Ceanothus
M/L
Concha Ceanothus
M/L
Dark Star Ceanothus
M/L
Frosty Blue Ceanothus
M/L
Gentian Plume Ceanothus M/L
Point Reyes Ceanothus
M/L
Joyce Coulter Ceanothus M/L
Julia Phelps Ceanothus
M/L
Maritime Ceanothus
M/L
Ray Hartman Ceanothus M/L
Carmel Ceanothus
M/L
Blue Blossom Ceanothus M/L
Wheeler Canyon Ceanothus M/L
Atlas Cedar
M/L
Deodar Cedar
M/L
Cedar of Lebanon
M/L
European Hackberry
M
Common Hackberry
M
Desert Hackberry
M/L
Western Hackberry
M/L
Dusty Miller
M/L
Velvet Centaurea
M/L
Red Valerian
M/L
Red Spike Ice Plant
M/L
Snow-in-Summer
M
Carob Tree
M/L
Dwarf Plumbago
M
Eastern Redbud
M
Western Redbud
M/L
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + ++ + + + + ++
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
29
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Cercocarpus betuloides
Cercocarpus ledifolius
Cercocarpus minutiflorus
Cereus peruvianus + cv
Chaenomeles japonica
Chaenomeles speciosa
Chaenomeles x superba
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana + cvs
Chamaerops humilis
Chamelaucium uncinatum + cvs
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Chionanthus retusus
Chionanthus virginicus
x Chitalpa tashkentensis + cvs
Choisya ternata
Chondropetalum elephantinum
Chondropetalum tectorum
Chorisia insignis
Chorisia speciosa
Cinnamomum camphora
Cissus antarctica
Cissus hypoglauca
Cissus rhombifolia + cvs
Cistanthe grandiflora
Cistus Blanche
Cistus ladanifer
Cistus x pulverulenta Sunset
Cistus x purpureus
Cistus salviifolius
Cistus x skanbergii
Cistus Victor Reiter
Citrus cultivars
Clematis armandii
Clematis cultivars
Clematis lasiantha
Clematis viticella + cvs
Clivia miniata + cvs
Clytostoma callistegioides
Cocculus laurifolius
Coleonema album
Coleonema pulchellum + cv
Comarostaphylis diversifolia
Combretum fruticosum
Convolvulus cneorum
Convolvulus sabatius
Coprosma Evening Glow
Coprosma x kirkii + cv
Coprosma repens + cvs
Cordia boissieri
Cordia parvifolia
Cordyline australis + cvs
Cordyline Festival Grass
Coreopsis gigantea
Coreopsis grandiflora + cvs
Coreopsis lanceolata
Coreopsis verticillata + cvs
Cornus florida
Cornus nuttallii
Cornus sericea
Correa alba + cvs
Correa pulchella
Correa reflexa
Cotinus coggygria + cvs
Cotoneaster dammeri + cvs
Cotoneaster franchetii
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus
Cotoneaster horizontalis
Common Name
Mountain Mahogany
Curl-leaf Mtn Mahogany
San Diego Mtn Mahogany
Apple Cactus
Japanese Flowering Quince
NCN
NCN
Port Orford Cedar
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Geraldton Wax Flower
Desert Willow
Chinese Fringe Tree
Fringe Tree
Chitalpa
Mexican Orange
Large Cape Rush
Small Cape Rush
White Floss Silk Tree
Silk Floss Tree
Camphor Tree
Kangaroo Vine
Water Vine
Grape Ivy
Rock Purslane
NCN
Crimson-spot Rockrose
NCN
Orchid Rockrose
Sageleaf Rockrose
NCN
NCN
Citrus
Evergreen Clematis
Clematis
Chaparral Clematis
Italian Clematis
Kaffir Lily
Violet Trumpet Vine
Laurel-leaf Snail Seed
White Breath of Heaven
Pink Breath of Heaven
Summer Holly
Orange Flame Vine
Bush Morning Glory
Ground Morning Glory
NCN
NCN
Mirror Plant
Wild Olive
Little-leaf Cordia
Giant Dracaena
Red Fountain Cordyline
Giant Coreopsis
NCN
NCN
Thread-leaved Tickseed
Flowering Dogwood
Pacific Dogwood
Redtwig Dogwood
White Correa
NCN
Common Correa
Smoke Tree
Bearberry Cotoneaster
Franchet Cotoneaster
NCN
Rock Cotoneaster
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
M
M
H/M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
H/M
H/M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+++
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Cotoneaster lacteus
Cotoneaster salicifolius + cv
Cotyledon orbiculata + cvs
Crassula arborescens
Crassula capetella + cv
Crassula multicava
Crassula ovata + cvs
Crassula perfoliata var. falcata
Cryptomeria japonica + cvs
Cupaniopsis anacardioides
Cuphea hyssopifolia
Cuphea ignea
Cuphea micropetala + cv
Cuphea x purpurea
x Cupressocyparis leylandii
Cupressus arizonica
Cupressus cashmeriana
Cupressus forbesii
Cupressus macrocarpa + cvs
Cupressus sempervirens + cvs
Cyathea cooperi
Cycas revoluta
Cyperus alternifolius
Cyperus papyrus
Cyrtomium falcatum
Cyrtomium fortunei
Dalea capitata + cv
Dalea frutescens + cv
Dalea greggii
Dalea pulchra
Dasylirion acrotriche
Dasylirion quadrangulatum
Dasylirion wheeleri
Delosperma cooperi
Delosperma litorale
Dendromecon harfordii
Dendromecon rigida
Dianella tasmanica + cvs
Dicksonia antarctica
Dicliptera suberecta
Dietes bicolor
Dietes grandiflora + cvs
Dioon edule
Dioon spinulosum
Diospyros kaki
Distictis buccinatoria
Distictis laxiflora
Distictis Rivers
Dodonaea viscosa + cvs
Doryanthes palmeri
Dracaena draco
Drosanthemum floribundum
Drosanthemum hispidum
Duchesnea indica
Dudleya species + cvs
Duranta erecta
Dymondia margaretae
Dypsis decaryi
Ebenopsis ebano
Echeveria species + cvs
Echinocactus grusonii
Echium candicans + cv
Echium wildpretii
Elaeagnus x ebbingei + cvs
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Encelia actoni
Encelia californica + cv
Common Name
Red Clusterberry
Willowleaf Cotoneaster
NCN
Silver Jade Plant
NCN
Fairy Crassula
Jade Plant
Sickle Plant
Japanese Cedar
Carrot Wood
False Heather
Cigar Plant
Candy Corn Plant
Bat-faced Cuphea
Leyland Cypress
Arizona Cypress
Kashmir Cypress
Tecate Cypress
Monterey Cypress
Italian Cypress
Australian Tree Fern
Sago Palm
Umbrella Plant
Papyrus
Japanese Holly Fern
NCN
NCN
Black Dalea
Trailing Indigo Bush
Indigo Bush
Green Desert Spoon
Mexican Grass Tree
Desert Spoon
Pink Hardy Ice Plant
White Trailing Iceplant
Island Bush Poppy
Bush Poppy
Tasman Flax Lily
Tasmanian Tree Fern
NCN
NCN
Fortnight Lily
Chestnut Dioon
Giant Dioon
Chinese Persimmon
Blood-red Trumpet Vine
Vanilla Trumpet Vine
Royal Trumpet Vine
Hopseed Bush
Palmer Spear Lily
Dragon Tree
Rosea Ice Plant
NCN
Indian Mock Strawberry
Dudleya
Sky Flower
Silver Carpet
Triangle Palm
Texas Ebony
Hen and Chicks
Golden Barrel Cactus
Pride of Madeira
Tower of Jewels
NCN
Silverberry
Acton Encelia
Coastal Encelia
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M
M
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
L/VL
M
L/VL
M/L
M/L
H
M
H
H
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
H
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
L/VL
M
M/L
M
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
L/VL
M/L
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
++++
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
++ ++ ++ ++ + ++
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + +
++
++ ++ ++ ++ + ++
+ + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+
+ + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
31
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Encelia farinosa
Ensete ventricosum + cv
Epilobium canum + cvs
Equisetum hyemale
Equisetum scirpoides
Eremophila glabra
Eremophila maculata + cvs
Eremophila racemosa
Ericameria laricifolia + cv
Erigeron glaucus + cvs
Erigeron karvinskianus
Eriobotrya deflexa
Eriobotrya japonica
Eriogonum arborescens
Eriogonum cinereum
Eriogonum crocatum
Eriogonum fasciculatum + cvs
Eriogonum giganteum
Eriogonum grande + var
Eriogonum umbellatum + var
Erythrina x bidwillii
Erythrina caffra
Erythrina coralloides
Erythrina crista-galli
Erythrina humeana
Erythrina x sykesii
Escallonia bifida
Escallonia x exoniensis Frades
Escallonia Newport Dwarf
Escallonia Red Elf
Escallonia rubra
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus citriodora
Eucalyptus cladocalyx
Eucalyptus conferruminata
Eucalyptus deglupta
Eucalyptus ficifolia
Eucalyptus globulus + cv
Eucalyptus nicholii
Eucalyptus polyanthemos
Eucalyptus sideroxylon + cv
Eucalyptus torquata
Eucalyptus viminalis
Euonymus japonicus + cvs
Euphorbia characias + ssp
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Euphorbia ingens
Euphorbia milii + cvs
Euphorbia myrsinites
Euphorbia rigida
Euphorbia tirucalli + cv
Euphorbia xantii
Euryops pectinatus
x Fatshedera lizei + cv
Fatsia japonica + cv
Felicia amelloides
Festuca californica
Festuca glauca + cvs
Festuca mairei
Festuca rubra + cvs
Ficus auriculata
Ficus benjamina + cv
Ficus carica + cvs
Ficus elastica + cvs
Ficus lyrata
Ficus macrophylla
Ficus microcarpa
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Incienso
L/VL
Abyssinian Banana
H
California Fuchsia
L/VL
Horsetail
H
Dwarf Horsetail
H
Emu Bush
M/L
Common Spotted Emu Bush M/L
Easter Egg Bush
M/L
Turpentine Bush
L/VL
Beach Aster
M/L
Mexican Daisy
M
Bronze Loquat
M
Loquat
M
Santa Cruz Island Buckwheat L/VL
Ashyleaf Buckwheat
L/VL
Saffron Buckwheat
L/VL
Common Buckwheat
L/VL
St. Catherines Lace
L/VL
Island Buckwheat
L/VL
Sulfur Buckwheat
L/VL
Bidwills Coral Tree
M/L
Coast Coral Tree
M/L
Naked Coral Tree
M/L
Cockspur Coral Tree
M/L
Natal Coral Tree
M
Australian Coral Tree
M/L
White Escallonia
M
Pink Escallonia
M
NCN
M
NCN
M
Red Escallonia
M
River Red Gum
M/L
Lemon-scented Gum
M/L
Sugar Gum
M/L
Bushy Yate
M/L
Rainbow Gum
M
Red-flowering Gum
M/L
Blue Gum
M/L
Narrow-leafed Peppermint M/L
Silver Dollar Gum
M/L
Red Ironbark
M/L
Coral Gum
M/L
Manna Gum
M/L
Evergreen Euonymus
M
Large Mediterranean Spurge M/L
Caribbean Copper Plant
M
Candelabra Tree
L/VL
Crown of Thorns
M/L
Creeping Spurge
M/L
Narrow-leaved Spurge
L/VL
Milkbush
L/VL
NCN
L/VL
Euryops
M
Botanical Wonder
M
Japanese Aralia
M
Blue Marguerite
M
California Fescue
L/VL
Blue Fescue
M
Atlas Fescue
M
Creeping Red Fescue
H
Roxburgh Fig
M
Benjamin Fig
M
Edible Fig
M
Rubber Tree
M
Fiddleleaf Fig
M
Moreton Bay Fig
M
Indian Laurel Fig
M
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+
+ + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Ficus pumila + cv
Ficus religiosa
Ficus rubiginosa
Fouquieria splendens
Fragaria chiloensis
Fraxinus angustifolia + cvs
Fraxinus dipetala
Fraxinus uhdei + cvs
Fraxinus velutina + cvs
Fremontodendron species + cvs
Furcraea foetida + cv
Furcraea macdougalii
Gaillardia x grandiflora
Galvezia juncea + cv
Galvezia speciosa + cv
Gardenia augusta + cvs
Gardenia thunbergia
Garrya elliptica + cvs
Gaura lindheimeri + cvs
Gazania species + cvs
Geijera parviflora
Gelsemium sempervirens + cv
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Gleditsia triacanthos + cvs
Globularia x indubia
Graptopetalum paraguayense
Graptoveria Fred Ives
Grevillea banksii
Grevillea Canberra Gem
Grevillea juniperina + cv
Grevillea lanigera + cvs
Grevillea lavandulaceae + cvs
Grevillea Long John
Grevillea Masons Hybrid
Grevillea Moonlight
Grevillea Noelii
Grevillea Poorinda Constance
Grevillea Poorinda Queen
Grevillea Red Hooks
Grevillea robusta
Grevillea Robyn Gordon
Grevillea thelemanniana + ssp
Grevillea victoriae
Grewia occidentalis
Hakea laurina
Hakea suaveolens
Hardenbergia comptoniana
Hardenbergia violaceae + cvs
Harpephyllum caffrum
Hebe buxifolia
Hebe cultivars
Hebe speciosa + cv
Hedera canariensis
Hedera helix + cvs
Hedychium species + cvs
Helianthemum cultivars
Helichrysum italicum
Helichrysum petiolare + cvs
Helictotrichon sempervirens + cvs
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Hesperaloe funifera
Hesperaloe parviflora
Hesperoyucca whipplei
Heteromeles arbutifolia + cvs
Heuchera species + cvs
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Hibiscus syriacus
Common Name
Creeping Fig
Bo-tree
Rustyleaf Fig
Ocotillo
Beach Strawberry
Narrow-leaf Ash
Foothill Ash
Evergreen Ash
Arizona Ash
Flannel Bush
Mauritius Hemp
NCN
NCN
Baja Bush Snapdragon
Island Bush Snapdragon
Gardenia
White Gardenia
Coast Silktassel
Gaura
Gazania
Australian Willow
Carolina Jessamine
Maidenhair Tree
Honey Locust
Globe Daisy
Ghost Plant
NCN
Red Silky Oak
NCN
Juniper Grevillea
Woolly Grevillea
Lavender Grevillea
NCN
NCN
NCN
NCN
NCN
NCN
NCN
Silky Oak
NCN
Hummingbird Bush
Royal Grevillea
Lavender Starflower
Pincushion Hakea
Sweet-scented Hakea
NCN
Lilac Vine
Kaffir Plum
Boxleaf Hebe
Hebe
Showy Hebe
Algerian Ivy
English Ivy
Ginger Lily
Rock Rose
Curry Plant
Licorice Plant
Blue Oat Grass
Daylily
Giant Hesperaloe
Red Yucca
Our Lords Candle
Toyon
Coral Bells
Chinese Hibiscus
Rose of Sharon
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M
M
M
L/VL
M
M
M/L
M
M
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
M/L
H
M
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
H/M
M
M
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
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33
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
H/M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
H
H
H
H
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Lantana montevidensis + cv
Larrea tridentata
Laurus nobilis
Lavandula angustifolia
Lavandula dentata
Lavandula Goodwin Creek Gray
Lavandula x intermedia + cvs
Lavandula multifida
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Lavatera assurgentiflora + cv
Lavatera maritima
Lavatera thuringiaca
Leonotis leonurus
Leonotis menthifolia
Leptospermum Dark Shadows
Leptospermum laevigatum + cv
Leptospermum petersonii
Leptospermum scoparium + cvs
Leucadendron argenteum
Leucadendron cultivars
Leucophyllum candidum + cvs
Leucophyllum frutescens + cvs
Leucophyllum laevigatum
Leucospermum catherinae
Leucospermum cordifolium + cvs
Leucospermum reflexum + cv
Leymus arenarius
Leymus cinereus
Leymus condensatus + cvs
Leymus triticoides
Ligustrum japonicum + cvs
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum ovalifolium
Limonium perezii
Liquidambar formosana
Liquidambar styraciflua + cvs
Liriodendron tulipifera
Liriope muscari + cvs
Liriope spicata
Lithodora diffusa
Livistona australis
Livistona chinensis
Livistona decipiens
Lobelia laxiflora
Lomandra longifolia + cv
Lonicera x heckrottii
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Lonicera hispidula
Lonicera japonica Halliana
Lonicera sempervirens
Lonicera subspicata
Lophostemon confertus + cv
Loropetalum chinense + cvs
Lotus berthelotii
Lotus scoparius
Lupinus albifrons
Lupinus arboreus
Lupinus excubitus
Lyonothamnus f. var. asplenifolius
Lysiloma watsonii var. thornberi
Macadamia integrifolia
Macadamia tetraphylla
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Magnolia stellata
Magnolia x soulangeana + cvs
Malephora crocea
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Trailing Lantana
M/L
Creosote Bush
L/VL
Sweet Bay
M/L
English Lavender
M/L
French lavender
M/L
NCN
M/L
Lavadin
M/L
Fernleaf Lavender
M/L
Spanish Lavender
M/L
Malva Rosa
M/L
Sea Mallow
M/L
NCN
M
Lions Tail
M/L
NCN
M/L
NCN
M/L
Australian Tea Tree
M/L
Lemon-scented Tea Tree
M/L
New Zealand Tea Tree
M/L
Silver Tree
M
NCN
M/L
NCN
L/VL
Texas Ranger
L/VL
Chihuahuan Sage
L/VL
Catherine Wheel Pincushion M/L
Nodding Pincushion
M/L
Skyrocket Pincushion
M/L
Blue Lyme Grass
M
Gray Wild Rye
M/L
Giant Wild Rye
M/L
Creeping Wild Rye
M
Japanese Privet
M
Glossy Privet
M
California Privet
M
Sea Lavender
M/L
Chinese Sweet Gum
M
American Sweet Gum
M
Tulip Tree
H
Big Blue Lily Turf
M
Creeping Lily Turf
M
NCN
M
Cabbage Palm
M
Chinese Fan Palm
M
Ribbon Fan Palm
M
Mexican Bush Lobelia
M/L
Spiny-Headed Mat Rush
M/L
Gold Flame Honeysuckle
M
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle M
Twin Berry
M/L
Halls Honeysuckle
M
Trumpet Honeysuckle
M
Chaparral Honeysuckle
M/L
Brisbane Box
M
Fringe Flower
M
Parrots beak
M
Deer Weed
L/VL
Silver Bush Lupine
L/VL
Coastal Bush Lupine
L/VL
Grape Soda Lupine
L/VL
Fernleaf Catalina Ironwood M/L
Feather Bush
M/L
Smooth-shell Macadamia M
Rough-shell Macadamia
M
Cats Claw
M
Southern Magnolia
M
Star Magnolia
M
Saucer Magnolia
M
Ice Plant
L/VL
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Malephora lutea
Malosma laurina
Mandevilla species + cvs
Maytenus boaria
Melaleuca armillaris
Melaleuca decussata
Melaleuca elliptica
Melaleuca incana
Melaleuca linariifolia
Melaleuca nesophila
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Melaleuca styphelioides
Melampodium leucanthum
Melia azedarach + cv
Melianthus species
Melinus nerviglumis
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Metrosideros collina + cv
Metrosideros excelsus
Metrosideros kermadecensis + cvs
Michelia champaca
Michelia doltsopa
Michelia figo
Michelia x foggii
Michelia yunnanensis
Microlepia strigosa
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Mimulus cardinalis
Mimulus guttatus
Miscanthus Giganteus
Miscanthus sinensis + cvs
Miscanthus transmorrisonensis
Monstera deliciosa
Montanoa grandiflora
Morus alba + cvs
Muehlenbeckia axillaris
Muehlenbeckia complexa
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Muhlenbergia dubia
Muhlenbergia dumosa
Muhlenbergia lindheimeri
Muhlenbergia rigens
Musa acuminata
Musa x paradisiaca
Myoporum laetum + cv
Myoporum x Pacifica
Myoporum parvifolium + cvs
Myrica californica
Myrsine africana
Myrtus communis + cvs
Nandina domestica + cvs
Nassella cernua
Nassella lepida
Nassella pulchra
Nassella speciosa
Nassella tenuissima
Nepeta x faassenii
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Nerium oleander + cvs
Nolina matapensis
Nolina microcarpa
Nolina nelsoni
Nolina parryi
Oenothera speciosa + cvs
Olea europaea + cvs
Olneya tesota
Ophiopogon jaburan
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + ++ ++ + + ++ ++ + + ++
+ + + + + + + +
+
+ + + + + + ++ + + ++ ++ ++ + + + + ++ ++ + + ++
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Common Name
Pinus canariensis
Canary Island Pine
Pinus coulteri
Coulter Pine
Pinus edulis
Pinon Pine
Pinus halepensis
Aleppo Pine
Pinus monophylla
Singleleaf Pinon
Pinus mugo
Mugo Pine
Pinus patula
Jelecote Pine
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
Pinus radiata
Monterey Pine
Pinus sabiniana
Foothill Pine
Pinus thunbergii
Japanese Black Pine
Pinus torreyana
Torrey Pine
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Pittosporum angustifolium
Weeping Pittosporum
Pittosporum crassifolium + cv
Karo
Pittosporum eugenioides + cv
NCN
Pittosporum rhombifolium
Queensland Pittosporum
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Platanus x acerifolia + cvs
London Plane Tree
Platanus mexicana
Mexican Sycamore
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
Platycladus orientalis
Oriental Arborvitae
Plecostachys serpyllifolia
NCN
Pleioblastus auricomus
NCN
Pleioblastus pygmaeus
Pygmy Bamboo
Pleioblastus shibuyanus Tsuboi
Dwarf Variegated Bamboo
Plumbago auriculata
Cape Plumbago
Plumeria species + cvs
Frangipani
Podocarpus henkelii
Long-leafed Yellowwood
Podocarpus latifolius
Yellowwood
Podocarpus macrophyllus + cv
Yew Pine
Podranea ricasoliana
Pink Trumpet Vine
Polygala x dalmaisiana
Sweet-pea Shrub
Polygala fruticosa Petite Butterflies NCN
Polypodium californicum
California Polypody
Polystichum californicum
California Sword Fern
Polystichum munitum
Western Sword Fern
Polystichum polyblepharum
Japanese Tassel Fern
Populus fremontii + cv
Western Cottonwood
Populus nigra Italica
Lombardy Poplar
Portulacaria afra
Elephants Food
Potentilla neumanniana
Spring Cinquefoil
Prosopis alba + cvs
Argentine Mesquite
Prosopis chilensis
Chilean Mesquite
Prosopis glandulosa + cvs
Texas Honey Mesquite
Prosopis Phoenix
NCN
Prosopis pubescens
Screw Bean
Prosopis velutina
Arizona Mesquite
Prunus caroliniana + cvs
Carolina Laurel Cherry
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purple-leaf Plum
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii
Catalina Cherry
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
Psidium cattleianum + cv
Strawberry Guava
Psidium guajava
Yellow Guava
Psorothamnus spinosus
Smoke Tree
Punica granatum + cvs
Pomegranate
Pyracantha coccinea + cvs
Scarlet Firethorn
Pyracantha cultivars
Firethorn
Pyrostegia venusta
Flame Vine
Pyrus calleryana + cvs
Callery Pear
Pyrus kawakamii
Evergreen Pear
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus chrysolepis
Canyon Live Oak
Quercus douglasii
Blue Oak
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
H/M
L/VL
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H/M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
H/M
H/M
H
H
H
L/VL
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M/L
H/M
L/VL
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + ++ ++ + + ++ ++ + + + + ++ ++ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + ++ ++ ++ + + ++ ++ + + + + ++ ++ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+
+ + +
+ + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Quercus engelmannii
Quercus ilex
Quercus kelloggii
Quercus lobata
Quercus palustris
Quercus suber
Quercus virginiana
Ravenea rivularis
Rhamnus alaternus
Rhamnus californica + cvs
Rhamnus crocea
Rhaphiolepis indica + cvs
Rhaphiolepis x Majestic Beauty
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
Rhapis excelsa
Rhapis humilis
Rhodanthemum hosmariense
Rhodocoma capensis
Rhodocoma fruticosa
Rhodocoma gigantea
Rhododendron cultivars
Rhoicissus capensis
Rhus integrifolia
Rhus lancea
Rhus lentii
Rhus ovata
Ribes aureum
Ribes sanguineum + var
Ribes speciosum
Ribes viburnifolium
Robinia x ambigua + cvs
Robinia pseudoacacia
Roldana petasitis
Romneya coulteri + cv
Romneya trichocalyx
Rosa banksiae + cvs
Rosa californica
Rosa Ccile Brnner
Rosa floribunda + cvs
Rosa Josephs Coat
Rosa mutabilis
Rosa rugosa
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rudbeckia species + cvs
Ruellia brittoniana + cvs
Ruellia californica
Ruellia peninsularis
Rumohra adiantiformis
Ruscus aculeatus
Ruscus hypoglossum
Russelia equisetiformis
Salix babylonica + cvs
Salix exigua
Salix Golden Curls
Salix gooddingii
Salix laevigata
Salix lasiolepis
Salix lucida
Salvia Allen Chickering
Salvia africana-lutea
Salvia apiana
Salvia Bees Bliss
Salvia brandegeei
Salvia canariensis
Salvia chamaedryoides
Salvia chiapensis
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Common Name
Mesa Oak
Holm Oak
California Black Oak
Valley Oak
Pin Oak
Cork Oak
Southern Live Oak
Majesty Palm
Italian Buckthorn
California Coffeeberry
Redberry
India Hawthorn
NCN
Yedda Hawthorne
Lady Palm
Slender Lady Palm
Moroccan Daisy
NCN
NCN
NCN
Southern Indica Hybrids
Evergreen Grape
Lemonade Berry
African Sumac
Pink Flowering Sumac
Sugar Bush
Golden Currant
Red Flowering Currant
Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
Evergreen Currant
NCN
Black Locust
Velvet Groundsel
Matilija Poppy
Hairy Matilija Poppy
Lady Banks Rose
California Rose
Sweetheart rose
Floribunda Rose
NCN
Butterfly Rose
Rugosa Rose
Rosemary
NCN
Compact Ruellia
NCN
Desert Ruellia
Leather Fern
Butchers Broom
NCN
Coral Plant
Weeping Willow
Narrow-leaved Willow
Golden Corkscrew Willow
Black Willow
Red Willow
Arroyo Willow
Spring Willow
Allen Chickering Sage
Golden Sage
White Sage
Bees Bliss Sage
Santa Rosa Island Sage
Canary Island Sage
Germander Sage
Chiapas Sage
Cleveland Sage
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
L/VL
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
H/M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
L/VL
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
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39
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Master Checklist
Low
Moderate
High
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Botanical Name
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Autumn Sage
L/VL
Mexican Bush Sage
M/L
Purple Sage
L/VL
Black Sage
L/VL
Cherry Sage
L/VL
Mrs. Beard Sage
L/VL
Garden Sage
M/L
Creeping Sage
L/VL
Hummingbird Sage
L/VL
Bog Sage
M
Blue Elderberry
M/L
Lavender Cotton
M/L
NCN
M/L
NCN
M/L
Chinese Tallow Tree
M
Queensland Umbrella Tree M
Hawaiian Elf Schefflera
H
False Aralia
M
Mallet Flower
M
Pepper Tree
L/VL
Peruvian Pepper
L/VL
Brazilian Pepper Tree
M/L
White Stonecrop
L/VL
NCN
M
Baby Burros Tail
L/VL
Donkey Tail
L/VL
NCN
L/VL
Jelly-bean
L/VL
NCN
L/VL
Pork and Beans
L/VL
Crooked Stonecrop
M/L
NCN
L/VL
Dusty Miller
L
Blue Chalksticks
L/VL
NCN
L/VL
Dusty Miller
L/VL
Feathery Cassia
L/VL
Desert Cassia
L/VL
Silvery Cassia
L/VL
Shrubby Senna
L/VL
Coast Redwood
H
Giant Sequoia
M
Autumn Moor Grass
M
Blue Moor Grass
M
Jojoba
L/VL
Blue-eyed Grass
M/L
Golden-eyed Grass
H/M
Cup-of-Gold Vine
M
Potato Vine
M
Paraguay Nightshade
M
Brazilian Nightshade
M
Costa Rican Nightshade
M
Babys Tears
H
Australian Bluebell Creeper M/L
Japanese Pagoda Tree
M
Mescal Bean
M/L
African Tulip Tree
M
Apricot Mallow
L/VL
Alkalai Sacaton
M/L
Lambs Ear
M/L
Firewheel Tree
M
Giant Feather Grass
M
Narrow-leaf Bird of Paradise M
Giant Bird of Paradise
M
Bird of Paradise
M
Queen Palm
M
Lilac
M
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + ++ ++ + + ++ + + + + + + ++ ++ ++
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+
+ + + ++ + + ++ ++ ++ + + + + ++ + + + + + + ++ ++ ++
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Botanical Name
Syzygium paniculatum + cv
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Tabebuia impetiginosa
Tagetes lemmonii
Taxodium distichum
Taxodium mucronatum
Tecoma capensis + cvs
Tecoma stans + cvs
Tecoma x Orange Jubilee
Tecoma x Sunrise
Tetrastigma voinierianum
Teucrium cossonii majoricum
Teucrium fruticans
Teucrium x lucidrys + cv
Thevetia peruviana
Thevetia thevetioides
Thunbergia alata + cv
Thunbergia grandiflora
Thunbergia gregorii
Thymus species + cvs
Tibouchina heteromalla
Tibouchina urvilleana
Tipuana tipu
Trachelospermum asiaticum
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Trachycarpus fortunei
Trichostema lanatum
Tulbaghia simmleri
Tulbaghia violacea + cvs
Ulmus parvifolia + cvs
Umbellularia californica
Venegasia carpesioides
Verbena bonariensis
Verbena x hybrida
Verbena lilacina + cv
Verbena rigida
Viburnum awabuki
Viburnum rhytidophyllum
Viburnum suspensum
Viburnum tinus + cvs
Vigna caracalla
Viguiera laciniata
Vinca major
Vinca minor
Vitex agnus-castus
Vitis californica + cvs
Vitis Rogers Red
Washingtonia filifera
Washingtonia robusta
Westringia fruticosa + cvs
Westringia Wynyabbie Gem
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
Woodwardia fimbriata
Xanthorrhoea species
Xylosma congestum + cv
Yucca baccata
Yucca brevifolia
Yucca elata
Yucca elephantipes
Yucca filamentosa + cvs
Yucca gloriosa
Yucca recurvifolia
Yucca rostrata
Zamia furfuracea
Zelkova serrata
Zoysia tenuifolia
Common Name
PF IG 1 2 3 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
H/M
H/M
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M
VL/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
L/VL
M
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
M
M
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
+ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ ++ ++
+ + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ + +
+ + + +
+ +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Master Checklist
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41
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Section Two
Plant Lists
This section contains a number of special purpose lists of plants that are designed
to provide a range of planting choices for specific needs and interests. Each list is
organized into an alphabetical listing of plants and includes information regarding
plant factor and irrigation group as described in Section One - Plant Climate Zones
and Water Estimates.
Checklists are helpful in providing the names of plants that fit specific needs and
situations. Several lists bring attention to plants that grow well together due to their
geographic and climatic adaptations. Other lists cover a range of functional uses and
aesthetic characteristics of plants. Each list contains a brief summary of comments
that can help in plant selection and use.
cv/cvs = cultivar/cultivars
ssp
= subspecies
var/vars = variety/varieties
NCN
= No Common Name
PF
= Plant Factor
IG
= Irrigation Group
Agave vilmoriniana
Contents
Aggregated Lists
Plant Types
44-47
48-49
50-51
52-53
54-55
56-57
58-59
60-61
Flowering Trees
Flowering Shrubs
Vines
Ground Covers
Flowering Perennials
Palms, Cycads and Ferns
Bamboo, Grasses, Sedges, Restios and Rushes
Agave, Aloes, Cacti and Succulents
62-63
64-65
66-67
68-69
70-71
72
73
74-75
Street Trees
Trees for Parkways and Medians
Monumental Scale Trees
Courtyard and Patio Trees
Plants with Special Interest and Character
Hedges and Screening
Fragrant Flowers and Foliage
Foliage Color: Olive to Silver
Foliage Color: Red to Purple
Foliage Color: Fall and Spring
Foliage Color: Variegated
Foliage Texture: Bold and Fine
Butterfly Plants
Hummingbird Plants
Plants for Bioswales
Plants for Shade
Container Plants
76-77
78
79
80
81
82-83
84-85
86-87
88
89
90-91
92-93
94-95
96
97
98-99
100-101
Echinocactus grusonii
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Plant Lists
Trees
Acacia farnesiana
Sweet Acacia
Acer macrophyllum
Bigleaf Maple
Acer negundo var. californicum
California Box Elder
Aesculus californica
California Buckeye
Alnus rhombifolia
White Alder
Alnus rubra
Red Alder
Arbutus menziesii
Madrone
Calocedrus decurrens
Incense Cedar
Celtis reticulata
Western Hackberry
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana
Port Orford Cedar
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Desert Willow
Chitalpa tashkentensis + cvs
Chitalpa
Cornus nuttallii
Western Dogwood
Cupressus arizonica
Arizona Cypress
Cupressus forbesii
Tecate Cypress
Cupressus macrocarpa
Monterey Cypress
Fraxinus dipetala
Foothill Ash
Juglans californica + var
California Black Walnut
Lyonothamnus f. var. asplenifolius
Fernleaf Catalina Ironwood
Lysiloma watsonii var. thornberi
Feather Bush
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
Parkinsonia floridum
Palo Verde
Parkinsonia Desert Museum
Desert Museum Palo Verde
Pinus coulteri
Coulter Pine
Pinus edulis
Pinon Pine
Pinus monophylla
Singleleaf Pinon
Pinus radiata
Monterey Pine
Pinus sabiniana
Foothill Pine
Pinus torreyana
Torrey Pine
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
Populus fremontii
Western Cottonwood
Prosopis glandulosa + var
Honey Mesquite
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii
Catalina Cherry
Psorothamnus spinosus
Smoke Tree
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus chrysolepis
Canyon Live Oak
Quercus douglasii
Blue Oak
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus kelloggii
California Black Oak
Quercus lobata
Valley Oak
Salix exigua
Narrow-leaved Willow
Salvia gooddingii
Black Willow
Salix laevigata
Red Willow
Salix lasiolepis
Arroyo Willow
Salix lucida
Spring Willow
Sequoia sempervirens + cvs
Coast Redwood
Sequoiadendron gigantea
Giant Sequoia
Sambucus nigra ssp. mexicana
Western Elderberry
Umbellularia californica
California Bay Tree
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
L/VL
H/M
H/M
L/VL
H
H
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
H/M
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
H/M
H/M
M/L
M/L
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
H/M
H/M
H/M
H/M
H/M
H
M/L
M/L
H/M
M
PF IG
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
Shrubs
Abutilon palmeri
Indian Mallow
Acacia greggii
Catclaw Acacia
Arctostaphylos bakeri Louis Edmunds Louis Edmunds Manzanita
Arctostaphylos edmundsii + cvs
Little Sur Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Emerald Carpet
Emerald Carpet Manzanita
Arctostaphylos glauca
Big Berry Manzanita
Arctostaphylos hookeri + cvs
Monterey Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn
McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Lester Roundtree
Lester Roundtree Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita + cvs
Parry Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Pacific Mist
Pacific Mist Manzanita
Arctostaphylos pumila
Dune Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Sunset
Sunset Manzanita
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi + cvs
Kinnikinnick
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush
PF
M/L
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Shrubs continued
PF IG
Atriplex lentiformis + ssp
Big Saltbush
L/VL 2
Baccharis Centennial
NCN
L/VL 2
Baccharis pilularis + cvs
Prostrate Coyote Brush
L/VL 2
Baccharis salicifolia
Mulefat
L/VL 2
Baccharis sarothroides
Broom Baccharis
L/VL 2
Baccharis Starn
NCN
L/VL 2
Berberis aquifolium + cvs
Oregon Grape
H/M 2
Berberis Golden Abundance
Golden Abundance Barberry M/L 2
Berberis nevinii
Nevins Barberry
M/L 2
Berberis repens
Creeping Barberry
M/L 2
Calycanthus occidentalis
Spice Bush
M/L 2
Carpenteria californica + cv
Bush Anemone
M/L 2
Ceanothus arboreus
Island Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Centennial
Centennial Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Concha
Concha Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Dark Star
Dark Star Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Frosty Blue
Frosty Blue Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Gentian Plume
Gentian Plume Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus gloriosus + cvs
Point Reyes Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Joyce Coulter
Joyce Coulter Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Julia Phelps
Julia Phelps Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus maritimus + cvs
Maritime Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Ray Hartman
Ray Hartman Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus + cvs
Blue Blossom Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus Wheeler Canyon
Wheeler Canyon Ceanothus M/L 2
Celtis pallida
Desert Hackberry
M/L 2
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
H/M 2
Cercocarpus betuloides
Mountain Mahogany
L/VL 2
Cercocarpus ledifolius
Curl-leaf Mountain Mahogany L/VL 2
Cercocarpus minutiflorus
San Diego Mountain Mahogany L/VL 2
Comarostaphylis diversifolia
Summer Holly
M/L 2
Cornus sericea
Creek Dogwood
H/M 2
Dendromecon harfordii
Island Bush Poppy
L/VL 2
Dendromecon rigida
Bush Poppy
L/VL 2
Encelia actoni
Acton Encelia
L/VL 2
Encelia californica + cv
Coastal Encelia
M/L 2
Encelia farinosa
Brittlebush
L/VL 2
Ericameria laricifolia
Turpentine Bush
L/VL 2
Eriogonum arborescens
Santa Cruz Island Buckwheat L/VL 2
Eriogonum cinereum
Ashyleaf Buckwheat
L/VL 2
Eriogonum fasciculatum + cvs
California Buckwheat
L/VL 2
Eriogonum giganteum
St. Catherines Lace
L/VL 2
Fouquieria splendens
Ocotillo
L/VL 2
Fremontodendron californicum + cvs California Flannel Bush
L/VL 2
Fremontodendron mexicanum
Southern Flannel Bush
L/VL 2
Galvezia juncea + cv
Baja Bush Snapdragon
L/VL 2
Galvezia speciosa + cv
Island Bush-Snapdragon
M/L 2
Garrya elliptica + cvs
Coast Silktassel
M/L 2
Heteromeles arbutifolia + cvs
Toyon
M/L 2
Isomeris arborea
Bladderpod
L/VL 2
Iva hayesiana
Poverty Weed
M/L 2
Juniperus californica
California Juniper
L/VL 2
Justicia californica
L/VL 2
Keckiella antirrhinoides
Yellow Keckiella
M/L 2
Keckiella cordifolia
Heartleaf Penstemon
M/L 2
Larrea tridentata
Creosote Bush
L/VL 2
Lavatera assurgentiflora + cv
Tree Mallow
M/L 2
Lotus scoparius
Deer Weed
L/VL 2
Lupinus albifrons
Silver Bush Lupine
L/VL 2
Lupinus arboreus
Coastal Bush Lupine
L/VL 2
Malosma laurina
Laurel Sumac
L/VL 2
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
M/L 2
Ornithostaphylos oppositifolia
Palo Blanco
L/VL 2
Philadelphus lewisii + cv
Western Mock Orange
H/M 2
Philadelphus microphyllus
Littleleaf Mock Orange
M/L 2
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
M/L 2
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii
Catalina Cherry
M/L 2
Rhamnus californica + cvs
California Coffeeberry
M/L 2
Rhamnus crocea + ssp
Hollyleaf Redberry
L/VL 2
Plant Lists
45
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Plant Lists
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
H
M
L
Shrubs continued
Rhus integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
Rhus ovata
Sugar Bush
Ribes aureum var. gracillimum
Golden Currant
Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum
Pink Flowering Currant
Ribes speciosum
Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
Rosa californica
California Rose
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage
Salvia apiana
White Sage
Salvia brandegei
Santa Rosa Island Sage
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Cleveland Sage
Salvia leucophylla + cvs
Purple Sage
Simmondsia chinensis
Jojoba
Trichostema lanatum
Woolly Blue Curls
Venegasia carpesioides
Canyon Sunflower
Viguiera laciniata
San Diego County Viguiera
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Vines
Clematis lasiantha
Chaparral Clematis
Lonicera hispidula
Twin Berry
Lonicera subspicata
Chaparral Honeysuckle
Vitis californica
California Wild Grape
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
H/M
IG
2
2
2
2
Ferns
Adiantum aleuticum
Western Five-fingered Fern
Adiantum capillus-veneris
Southern Maidenhair
Adiantum jordanii
California Maidenhair
Polypodium californicum
California Polypody
Polystichum californicum
California Sword Fern
Polystichum munitum
Western Sword Fern
Woodwardia fimbriata
Giant Chain Fern
PF
H
H
H
H/M
H/M
H/M
H/M
IG
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
Perennials
Achillea millefolium
Yarrow
Armeria maritima + cvs
Common Thrift
Artemisia pycnocephala + cv
Sandhill Sage
Asclepias speciosa
Showy Butterfly Bush
Asclepias subulata
Desert Milkweed
Coreopsis gigantea
Giant Coreopsis
Epilobium canum + cvs
California Fuchsia
Ericameria laricifolia
Turpentine Bush
Erigeron glaucus + cvs
Beach Aster
Eriogonum crocatum
Saffron Buckwheat
Eriogonum grande var. rubescens
Red Buckwheat
Eriogonum umbellatum
Sulfur Flower Buckwheat
Heuchera species + cvs
Coral Bells
Iris douglasiana + cvs
Pacific Coast Iris
Lupinus excubitus
Grape Soda Lupine
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Sticky Monkey Flower
Mimulus cardinalis
Scarlet Monkey Flower
Mimulus guttatus
Seep Monkey Flower
Penstemon centranthifolius
Scarlet Bugler
Penstemon eatonii
Firecracker Penstemon
Penstemon heterophyllus + cv
Foothill Penstemon
Penstemon palmeri
Scented Penstemon
Penstemon spectabilis
Showy Penstemon
Romneya coulteri + cv
Matilija Poppy
Romneya trichocalyx
Hairy Matilija Poppy
Salvia spathacea
Hummingbird Sage
Sisyrinchium bellum + cvs
Blue-Eyed Grass
Sisyrinchium californicum
Golden-eyed Grass
Sphaeralcea ambigua + cvs
Apricot Mallow
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
H/M 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
M/L 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
IG PF
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
H/M 2
H/M 2
H/M 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Ground Covers
PF IG
Achillea millefolium
Fernleaf Yarrow
M/L 2
Arctostaphylos edmundsii Carmel Sur Little Sur Manzanita
M/L 2
Arctostaphylos Emerald Carpet
Emerald Carpet Manzanita M/L 2
M/L 2
Arctostaphylos hookeri Monterey Carpet Monterey Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Pacific Mist
Pacific Mist Manzanita
M/L 2
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi + cvs
Anchor Bay Manzanita
M/L 2
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Point Reyes
Point Reyes Manzanita
M/L 2
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Green Supreme Green Supreme Manzanita M/L 2
Artemisia californica Canyon Gray
Canyon Gray Sagebrush L/VL 2
Artemisia californica Montara
Montara Sagebrush
L/VL 2
Artemisia pycnocephala Davids Choice Davids Choice Mugwort M/L 2
Baccharis Starn
NCN
M/L 2
Baccharis Centennial
NCN
M/L 2
Baccharis pilularis Pigeon Point
Prostrate Coyote Brush M/L 2
Baccharis pilularis Twin Peaks #2
Prostrate Coyote Brush
M/L 2
Berberis aquifolium Compacta
Creeping Barberry
M/L 2
Berberis repens
Creeping Barberry
M/L 2
Ceanothus Centennial
Centennial Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus gloriosus
Point Reyes Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus gloriosus Anchor Bay
Anchor Bay Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus gloriosus Hearts Desire
Hearts Desire Ceanothus M/L 2
Ceanothus maritimus
Maritime Ceanothus
M/L 2
Ceanothus maritimus Frosty Dawn
Frosty Dawn Ceanothus M/L 2
Ceanothus t. griseus Diamond Heights Carmel Creeper
M/L 2
Ceanothus t. griseus Hurricane Point
Carmel Creeper
M/L 2
Ceanothus t. griseus Yankee Point
Carmel Creeper
M/L 2
Eriogonum fasciculatum Dana Point
Dana Point Buckwheat
L/VL 2
Eriogonum fasciculatum Theodore Payne Theodore Payne Buckwheat L/VL 2
Eriogonum fasciculatum Warriner Lytle Warriner Lytle Buckwheat L/VL 2
Fragaria chiloensis
Wild Strawberry
H/M 2
Iva hayesiana
San Diego Marsh Elder
L/VL 2
Leymus triticoides
Creeping Wildrye
M/L 2
Ribes viburnifolium
Evergreen Currant
M/L 2
Salvia Bees Bliss
Bees Bliss Sage
L/VL 2
Salvia leucophylla Point Sal Spreader Point Sal Spreader Sage L/VL 2
Salvia mellifera Terra Seca
Terra Seca Sage
L/VL 2
Salvia Mrs. Beard
Mrs. Beard Sage
L/VL 2
Salvia sonomensis
Creeping Sage
L/VL 2
Plant Lists
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
47
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Plant Lists
Trees
Arbutus Marina
NCN
Arbutus unedo + cvs
Strawberry Tree
Ceratonia siliqua
Carob
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
Cupressus sempervirens + cvs
Italian Cypress
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree
Ficus carica + cvs
Edible Fig
Laurus nobilis
Sweet Bay
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Olea europaea + cvs
Olive
Pinus brutia ssp. eldarica
Afghan Pine
Pinus canariensis
Canary Island Pine
Pinus halepensis
Aleppo Pine
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
Punica granatum + cvs
Pomegranate
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus ilex
Holm Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
Vitex agnus-castus
Chaste Tree
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Palms
Brahea armata
Mexican Blue Palm
Brahea edulis
Guadalupe Palm
Butia capitata
Pindo Palm
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Jubaea chilensis
Chilean Wine Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
PF
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
Shrubs
Alyogyne huegelii + cvs
Blue Hibiscus
Arbutus unedo Compacta
Compact Strawberry Tree
Arctostaphylos bakeri Louis Edmunds Louis Edmunds Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn
McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita Dr. Hurd Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Pacific Mist
Pacific Mist Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Sunset
Sunset Manzanita
Artemisia Powis Castle
NCN
Bougainvillea species + cvs
Bougainvillea
Callistemon Little John
NCN
Capparis spinosa
Caper
Caryopteris x clandonensis
Blue Mist
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
Cistus x pulverulentus Sunset
NCN
Cistus ladanifer
Crimson Spot Rockrose
Cistus x purpureus
Orchid Rockrose
Cistus salviifolius
Sageleaf Rockrose
Cistus Victor Reiter
NCN
Echium candicans + cv
Pride of Madeira
Lavandula angustifolia
English Lavender
Lavandula dentata
French lavender
Lavandula Goodwin Creek Grey
NCN
Lavandula multifida
Fernleaf Lavender
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender
Lavandula x intermedia + cvs
Lavadin
Leonotis leonurus
Lions Tail
Leptospermum laevigatum
Australian Tea Tree
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Phlomis fruticosa
Jerusalem Sage
Punica granatum + cvs
Pomegranate
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Ruscus aculeatus
Butchers Broom
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Cleveland Sage
Salvia greggii + cvs
Autumn Sage
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
IG
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
Above: Chamaerops humilis
Shrubs continued
Salvia leucantha + cv
Mexican Bush Sage
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavender Cotton
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
Viburnum tinus + cvs
Laurustinus
Vitex agnus-castus
Chaste Tree
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
Hedge Plants
Myrtus communis + cvs
True Myrtle
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Syzygium paniculatum + cv
Australian Brush Cherry
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
PF
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
IG
1
2
2
2
1
2
Vines
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Distictis buccinatoria
Blood-red Trumpet Vine
Jasminum humile
Italian Jasmine
Pyrostegia venusta
Flame Vine
Solandra maxima
Cup-of-Gold Vine
PF
M
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
IG
1
2
1
2
1
1
Perennials
PF IG
Acanthus mollis + cvs
Bears Breech
M/L 2
Achillea filipendulina + cv
Fernleaf Yarrow
M/L 2
Achillea Moonshine
Yellow Yarrow
M/L 2
Agastache species + cvs
Hummingbird Mint
M/L 2
Centaurea cineraria
Dusty Miller
M/L 2
Centaurea gymnocarpa
Velvet Centaurea
M/L 2
Dietes species + cvs
Fortnight Lily
M 1
Euphorbia characias + ssp
Large Mediterranean Spurge M/L 2
Helianthemum cultivars
Rock Rose
M/L 2
Helichrysum italicum
Curry Plant
M/L 2
Leonotis menthifolia
NCN
M/L 2
Nepeta x faassenii
Catmint
M 1
Pelargonium x hortorum
Common Geranium
M 1
Penstemon species + cvs
Penstemon
L/VL 2
Perovskia atriplicifolia
Russian Sage
M/L 2
Romneya coulteri + cv
Matilija Poppy
L/VL 2
Salvia officinalis + cvs
Garden Sage
M/L 1
Stachys byzantina
Lambs Ear
M/L 2
Teucrium cossonii majoricum
NCN
M/L 2
Teucrium x lucidrys + cv
Wall Germander
M/L 2
Thymus species + cvs
Thyme
M 1
Grasses
Festuca glauca + cvs
Blue Fescue
Helictotrichon sempervirens + cvs Blue Oat Grass
Leymus condensatus + cvs
Giant Wild Rye
Muhlenbergia lindheimeri
Lindheimers Muhly
Muhlenbergia rigens
Deer Grass
Stipa gigantea
Giant Feather Grass
PF
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Plant Lists
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
IG
1
1
2
2
2
1
49
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Plant Lists
Trees
Acacia aneura
Mulga
Acacia farnesiana
Sweet Acacia
Acacia stenophylla
Shoestring Acacia
Acacia willardiana
Palo Blanco
Caesalpinia cacalaco
Cascalote
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Desert Willow
Ebenopsis ebano
Texas Ebony
Lysiloma watsonii var. thornberi
Feather Bush
Olea europaea + cvs
Olive
Olneya tesota
Desert Ironwood
Parkinsonia aculeata
Mexican Palo Verde
Parkinsonia Desert Museum
NCN
Parkinsonia floridum
Palo Verde
Parkinsonia microphyllum
Littleleaf Palo Verde
Parkinsonia praecox
Palo Brea
Populus fremontii + cv
Western Cottonwood
Prosopis alba + cvs
Argentine Mesquite
Prosopis chilensis
Chilean Mesquite
Prosopis glandulosa + cvs
Texas Honey Mesquite
Prosopis Phoenix
NCN
Prosopis pubescens
Screw Bean
Prosopis velutina
Arizona Mesquite
Psorothamnus spinosus
Smoke Tree
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
H 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Palms
Brahea armata
Mexican Blue Palm
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
Washingtonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
PF
M
M/L
M
M
M
IG
1
2
1
1
1
Shrubs
Abutilon palmeri
Indian Mallow
Acacia greggii
Catclaw Acacia
Anisacanthus quadrafidus
Desert Honeysuckle
Anisacanthus wrightii
Atriplex canescens
Fourwing Saltbush
Atriplex lentiformis ssp. lentiformis Big Saltbush
Baccharis sarothroides
Broom Baccharis
Caesalpinia gilliesii
Bird of Paradise Bush
Caesalpinia mexicana
Mexican Bird of Paradise Bush
Caesalpinia pulcherrima + cv
Red Bird of Paradise Bush
Calliandra californica
Baja Fairy Duster
Calliandra eriophylla
Pink Fairy Duster
Calliandra peninsularis
NCN
Celtis pallida
Desert Hackberry
Cordia boissieri
Texas Olive
Cordia parvifolia
Little-leaf Cordia
Dalea capitata + cv
NCN
Dalea frutescens + cv
Black Dalea
Dalea greggii
Trailing Indigo Bush
Dalea pulchra
Indigo Bush
Encelia actoni
Acton Encelia
Encelia farinosa
Incienso
Euphorbia xantii
NCN
Justicia californica
Chuparosa
Justicia spicigera
Mexican Honeysuckle
Larrea tridentata
Creosote Bush
Leucophyllum candidum + cvs
NCN
Leucophyllum frutescens + cvs
Texas Ranger
Leucophyllum laevigatum
Chihuahuan Sage
Pedilanthus macrocarpus
Ladys Slipper
Ruellia californica
NCN
Ruellia peninsularis
Desert Ruellia
Salvia greggii + cvs
Autumn Sage
Senna artemisioides
Feathery Cassia
Senna nemophila
Desert Cassia
Senna phyllodinea
Silvery Cassia
Senna wislizenii
Shrubby Senna
PF
M/L
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Shrubs continued
Simmondsia chinensis
Jojoba
Sophora secundiflora
Mescal Bean
Tecoma stans + cvs
Yellow Bells
Tecoma x Orange Jubilee
NCN
Tecoma x Sunrise
NCN
Tecoma x Orange Jubilee
NCN
Tecoma x Sunrise
NCN
PF IG
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Ground Covers
Baccharis Centennial
Centennial Desert Broom
Baccharis Starn
NCN
Dalea greggii
Trailing Indigo Bush
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
Perennials
Asclepias subulata
Desert Milkweed
Baileya multiradiata
Desert Marigold
Ericameria laricifolia + cv
Turpentine Bush
Euphorbia milii + cvs
Crown of Thorns
Melampodium leucanthum
Blackfoot Daisy
Penstemon eatonii
Firecracker Penstemon
Penstemon palmeri
Scented Penstemon
Penstemon parryi
Parrys Penstemon
Ruellia brittoniana + cvs
Mexican Petunia
Sphaeralcea ambigua + cvs
Apricot Mallow
Verbena rigida
NCN
PF
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Grasses
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Pink Muhly
Muhlenbergia dubia
Mexican Muhly
Muhlenbergia dumosa
Bamboo Muhly
Muhlenbergia rigens
Deer Grass
Sporobolus airoides
Alkalai Sacaton
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
PF
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Plant Lists
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
51
www.landdesignpublishing.com
Plant Lists
Trees
Bauhinia x blakeana
Hong Kong Orchid Tree
Bauhinia forficata
Brazilian Butterfly Tree
Bauhinia variegata + cv
Purple Orchid Tree
Calodendrum capense
Cape Chestnut
Cassia leptophylla
Gold Medallion Tree
Chorisia insignis
White Floss Silk Tree
Chorisia speciosa
Silk Floss Tree
Erythrina x bidwillii
Bidwills Coral Tree
Erythrina caffra
Coast Coral Tree
Erythrina coralloides
Naked Coral Tree
Erythrina crista-galli
Cockspur Coral Tree
Erythrina humeana
Natal Coral Tree
Erythrina x sykesii
Australian Coral Tree
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Caribbean Copper Plant
Ficus auriculata
Roxburgh Fig
Ficus benjamina + cv
Benjamin Fig
Ficus elastica + cvs
Rubber Tree
Ficus macrophylla
Moreton Bay Fig
Ficus microcarpa
Indian Laurel Fig
Ficus religiosa
Bo-tree
Ficus rubiginosa
Rustyleaf Fig
Harpephyllum caffrum
Kaffir Plum
Hymenosporum flavum
Sweetshade
Jacaranda mimosifolia + cv
Jacaranda
Leucadendron argenteum
Silver Tree
Michelia champaca
Champaca
Michelia doltsopa
NCN
Psidium species + cvs
Guava
Schefflera actinophylla
Queensland Umbrella Tree
Spathodea campanulata + cv
African Tulip Tree
Stenocarpus sinuatus
Firewheel Tree
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Golden Trumpet Tree
Tabebuia impetiginosa
Pink Trumpet Tree
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Thevetia thevetioides
Giant Thevetia
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Bauhinia galpinii
Red Bauhinia
Brugmansia species + cvs
Angels Trumpet
Brunfelsia pauciflora + cvs
Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow
Calliandra haematocephala + cv
Pink Powder Puff
Calliandra surinamensis
Surinam Powder Puff
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Caribbean Copper Plant
Ficus lyrata
Fiddleleaf Fig
Gardenia thunbergia
White Gardenia
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Chinese Hibiscus
Iochroma cyaneum
NCN
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Jasminum laurifolium nitidum
Angelwing Jasmine
Justicia brandegeana + cv
Shrimp Plant
Lantana camara + cvs
Yellow Sage
Lantana montevidensis + cv
Trailing Lantana
Michelia species + cvs
NCN
Monstera deliciosa
Split-leaf Philodendron
Philodendron species + cvs
Philodendron
PF IG
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
H 1
M 1
Shrubs continued
Plumeria species + cvs
Frangipani
Psidium species + cvs
Guava
Roldana petasitis
Velvet Groundsel
Schefflera arboricola
Hawaiian Elf Schefflera
Schefflera elegantissima
NCN
Schefflera pueckleri
NCN
Solanum rantonnetii + cv
Nightshade
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Thevetia thevetioides
Giant Thevetia
Tibouchina heteromalla
NCN
Tibouchina urvilleana
Princess Flower
PF IG
M 2
M 1
M/L 2
H 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Vines
Antigonon leptopus + cvs
Coral Vine
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bougainvillea glabra
Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Cissus antarctica
Kangaroo Treebine
Cissus hypoglauca
Water Vine
Cissus rhombifolia + cvs
Grape Ivy
Combretum fruticosum
Orange Flame Vine
Distictis species + cvs
Trumpet Vine
Ipomoea indica
Blue Dawn Flower
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle
Mandevilla species + cvs
NCN
Pandorea jasminoides + cvs
Bower Vine
Pandorea pandorana + cv
Wonga Wonga Vine
Petrea volubilis
Queens Wreath Vine
Podranea ricasoliana
Pink Trumpet Vine
Pyrostegia venusta
Flame Vine
Rhoicissus capensis
Evergreen Grape
Solandra maxima
Cup-of-Gold Vine
Solanum seaforthianum
Brazilian Nightshade
Solanum wendlandii
Costa Rican Nightshade
Tetrastigma voinierianum
NCN
Thunbergia alata + cv
Black-eyed Susan
Thunbergia grandiflora
Sky Flower
Thunbergia gregorii
Orange Clock Vine
Vigna caracalla
Snail Vine
PF IG
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Astelia chathamica Silver Spear
Silver Spear
Billbergia nutans
Queens Tears
Canna cultivars
Canna
Cuphea hyssopifolia
False Heather
Cuphea ignea
Cigar Plant
Cuphea micropetala + cv
Candy Corn Plant
Cuphea x purpurea
Bat-faced Cuphea
Ensete ventricosum + cv
Abyssinian Banana
Felicia amelloides
Blue Marguerite
Hedychium species + cvs
Ginger Lily
Helichrysum petiolare + cvs
Licorice Plant
Musa x paradisiaca
Banana Palm
Pelargonium species + cvs
Geranium
Russelia equisetiformis
Coral Fountain
Strelitzia juncea
NCN
Strelitzia nicolai
Giant Bird of Paradise
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
PF
M
H
H
H
M
M
M
M
H
M
H
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ferns
Asplenium bulbiferum
Mother Fern
Asplenium nidus
Birds Nest Fern
Blechnum brasiliense
NCN
Blechnum occidentale
Hammock Fern
Cyathea cooperi
Australian Tree Fern
Microlepia strigosa
Lace Fern
Phlebodium aureum
Hares Foot Fern
Rumohra adiantiformis
Leather Fern
PF
H
H
M
M
H
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
53
www.landdesignpublishing.com
Plant Lists
Trees
Acer negundo + ssp
Box Elder
Acer palmatum + cvs
Japanese Maple
Acer platanoides
Norway Maple
Acer saccharinum
Silver Maple
Aesculus x carnea
Red Horsechestnut
Carya illinoinensis
Pecan
Cercis canadensis + cvs
Eastern Redbud
Cornus florida
Flowering Dogwood
Cryptomeria japonica + cvs
Japanese Cedar
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Gleditsia triacanthos + cvs
Honey Locust
Ilex x altaclerensis Wilsonii
Wilson Holly
Koelreuteria paniculata
Goldenrain Tree
Liquidambar formosana
Chinese Sweet Gum
Liquidambar styraciflua + cvs
American Sweet Gum
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip Tree
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Magnolia x soulangeana + cvs
Saucer Magnolia
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Dawn Redwood
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Podocarpus macrophyllus + cv
Yew Pine
Prunus x blireiana + cvs
Flowering Plum
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purple-leaf Plum
Pyrus calleryana + cvs
Callery Pear
Pyrus kawakamii
Evergreen Pear
Quercus palustris
Pin Oak
Robinia x ambigua + cvs
NCN
Robinia pseudoacacia
Black Locust
Sequoia sempervirens + cvs
Coast Redwood
Taxodium distichum
Bald Cypress
Taxodium mucronatum
Montezuma Cypress
Zelkova serrata
Sawleaf Zelkova
PF
H
H
H
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Abelia Edward Goucher
Edward Goucher Abelia
Abelia x grandiflora + cvs
Glossy Abelia
Abutilon species + cvs
Flowering Maple
Berberis aquifolium + cvs
Oregon Grape
Berberis darwinii
Darwin Barberry
Berberis japonica var. bealei
Leatherleaf Mahonia
Berberis lomariifolia
NCN
Berberis thunbergii + cvs
Japanese Barberry
Camellia japonica
Japanese Camellia
Camellia reticulata
Reticulata Camellia
Camellia sasanqua
Sasanqua Camellia
Japanese Flowering Quince
Chaenomeles japonica
Chaenomeles speciosa
NCN
Chaenomeles x superba
NCN
Cotinus coggygria + cvs
Smoke Tree
Cotoneaster horizontalis
Rock Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster lacteus
Red Clusterberry
Cotoneaster salicifolius + cv
Willowleaf Cotoneaster
Elaeagnus x ebbingei + cvs
NCN
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Silverberry
Hydrangea macrophylla + cvs
Bigleaf Hydrangea
Hypericum Hidcote
NCN
Hypericum Rowallane
NCN
Iberis sempervirens + cvs
Evergreen Candytuft
Ilex x altaclerensis Wilsonii
Wilson Holly
Ilex aquifolium + cvs
English Holly
Ilex cornuta + cvs
Chinese Holly
Ilex vomitoria + cvs
Yaupon
Juniperus species + cvs
Chinese Juniper
Magnolia stellata
Star Magnolia
Magnolia x soulangeana + cvs
Saucer Magnolia
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Frasers Photinia
Photinia x fraseri
Photinia glabra
Japanese Photinia
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs continued
Photinia serratifolia
Chinese Photinia
Pittosporum eugenioides + cv
NCN
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Prunus caroliniana + cvs
Carolina Laurel Cherry
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
Rhododendron species + cvs
Azalea
Syringa x hyacinthiflora
Early Flowering Lilac
Syringa x chinensis
Chinese Lilac
Syringa x laciniata
NCN
Syringa vulgaris + cvs
Common Lilac
Viburnum awabuki
Sweet Viburnum
Viburnum rhytidophyllum
Leatherleaf Viburnum
Viburnum suspensum
Sandankwa Viburnum
Xylosma congestum + cv
Shiny Xylosma
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vines
Bignonia capreolata
Crossvine
Campsis species + cvs
Trumpet Creeper
Clematis armandii
Evergreen Clematis
Clematis hybrids
Clematis
Clytostoma callistegioides
Violet Trumpet Vine
Gelsemium sempervirens
Carolina Jessamine
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus tricuspidata
Boston Ivy
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Japanese Wisteria
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
Chinese Wisteria
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Bergenia cordifolia
Heartleaf Bergenia
Bergenia crassifolia
Winter-blooming Bergenia
Campanula species + cvs
Bellflower
Clivia miniata
Kaffir Lily
Liriope muscari + cvs
Big Blue Lily Turf
Ophiopogon species + cvs
Mondo Grass
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Cotoneaster dammeri Lowfast
Bearberry Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster salicifolius Repens
NCN
Duchesnea indica
Mock Strawberry
Hypericum calycinum
Aarons Beard
Fragaria chiloensis
Wild Strawberry
Liriope spicata
Creeping Lily Turf
Juniperus procumbens + cvs
Japanese Garden Juniper
Juniperus rigida conferta
Shore Juniper
Trachelospermum asiaticum
NCN
Trachelospermum japonicum
Star Jasmine
Vinca minor
NCN
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ferns
Adiantum species
Maidenhair Fern
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Southern Sword Fern
Polystichum polyblepharum
Japanese Tassel Fern
Rumohra adiantiformis
Leather Fern
PF
M
M
H
M
IG
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
H
H
H
H
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
EToo
ET
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
55
www.landdesignpublishing.com
Plant Lists
Trees
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
PF
Abelia
M
Flowering Maple
H
Japanese Aucuba
M
Leatherleaf Mahonia
M
NCN
M
Japanese Barberry
M
Japanese Camellia
M
Reticulata Camellia
M
Sasanqua Camellia
M
Japanese Flowering Quince M
Rock Cotoneaster
M
Red Clusterberry
M
Japanese Aralia
M
Gardenia
H
Bigleaf Hydrangea
M
Juniper
M
Chinese Holly
M
NCN
M
Star Magnolia
M
Saucer Magnolia
M
NCN
M
NCN
M
Heavenly Bamboo
M
Sweet Olive
M
Japanese Photinia
M
Mugo Pine
M
NCN
M
Mock Orange
M
India Hawthorn
M
Rhododendron
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Alphonse Karr Bamboo
Golden Goddess Bamboo
Chinese Goddess Bamboo
Oldham Bamboo
Weavers Bamboo
Buddhas Belly Bamboo
NCN
Golden Bamboo
Giant Timber Bamboo
Black Bamboo
NCN
Pygmy Bamboo
Dwarf Variegated Bamboo
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Japanese Maple
Japanese Cedar
Maidenhair Tree
Chinese Sweet Gum
Dawn Redwood
Champaca
NCN
Japanese Black Pine
Chinese Pistache
Long-leafed Yellowwood
Yew Pine
Flowering Cherry & Plum
Callery Pear
Evergreen Pear
Weeping Willow
Japanese Pagoda Tree
Sawleaf Zelkova
Sago Palm
Lady Palm
Slender Lady Palm
Shrubs
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
Aspidistra elatior + cv
Cyrtomium falcatum
Cyrtomium fortunei
Duchesnea indica
Imperata cylindrica Red Baron
Juncus effusus + cvs
Liriope muscari + cvs
Miscanthus sinensis + cvs
Ophiopogon jaburan
Ophiopogon japonicus + cvs
Ophiopogon planiscapus Nigrescens
Pennisetum orientale
Polystichum polyblepharum
Rumohra adiantiformis
Sesleria autumnalis
Cast-Iron Plant
Japanese Holly Fern
NCN
Indian Mock Strawberry
Japanese Blood Grass
Common Rush
Big Blue Lily Turf
Eulalia
Giant Lily Turf
Mondo Grass
Black Mondo Grass
Chinese Fountain Grass
Japanese Tassel Fern
Leather Fern
Autumn Moor Grass
Ground Covers
Carpet Bugle
Bellflower
Indian Mock Strawberry
Creeping Lily Turf
Japanese Garden Juniper
Shore Juniper
Mondo Grass
Black Mondo Grass
NCN
Pygmy Bamboo
Dwarf Variegated Bamboo
Babys Tears
NCN
Star Jasmine
NCN
Vines
Fatshedera lizei
Jasminum polyanthum
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
NCN
NCN
Star Jasmine
Japanese Wisteria
Chinese Wisteria
PF
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
H
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
Below: Trachelospermum asiaticum ground cover with Pinus mugo lower left
57
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Plant Lists
Trees
1
Agonis flexuosa + cvs
Peppermint Tree
Araucaria heterophylla
Norfolk Island Pine
Casuarina equisetifolia
Horsetail Tree
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree
Cupressus macrocarpa + cvs
Monterey Cypress
Eucalyptus conferruminata
Bushy Yate
Eucalyptus ficifolia
Red-flowering Gum
Ficus elastica + cvs
Rubber Tree
Ficus microcarpa
Indian Laurel Fig
Ficus rubiginosa
Rustyleaf Fig
Melaleuca nesophila
Pink Melaleuca
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Metrosideros excelsus
N Z Christmas Tree
Myoporum laetum + cv
NCN
Pinus radiata
Monterey Pine
Pinus torreyana
Torrey Pine
2 PF IG
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
Shrubs
1
Acacia podalyriifolia
Pearl Acacia
Acca sellowiana
Pineapple Guava
Arctostaphylos edmundsii + cvs Little Sur Manzanita
Arctostaphylos hookeri + cvs
Monterey Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos pumila
Dune Manzanita
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi + cvs
Kinnikinnick
Artemisia arborescens
NCN
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush
Artemisia Powis Castle
NCN
Atriplex lentiformis ssp. breweri
Brewer Saltbush
Baccharis pilularis + cvs
Coyote Brush
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Ceanothus gloriosus + cvs
Point Reyes Ceanothus
Ceanothus maritimus
NCN
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. griseus Carmel Creeper
Cistus species + cvs
Rockrose
Coprosma repens + cvs
Mirror Plant
Coreopsis gigantea
Giant Coreopsis
Echium candicans + cv
Pride of Madeira
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Silverberry
Encelia californica + cv
Coastal Encelia
Eriogonum arborescens
St Cruz Island Buckwheat
Eriogonum cinereum
Ashyleaf Buckwheat
Eriogonum fasciculatum + cvs
Common Buckwheat
Eriogonum giganteum
St. Catherines Lace
Eriogonum grande + var
Island Buckwheat
Escallonia species + cvs
Escallonia
Galvezia speciosa + cv
Island Bush Snapdragon
Hakea suaveolens
Sweet-scented Hakea
Isomeris arborea
Bladderpod
Juniperus procumbens + cvs
Japanese Garden Juniper
Juniperus rigida conferta + cvs
Shore Juniper
Lavatera assurgentiflora + cv
Tree Mallow
Lavatera maritima
Sea Mallow
Leptospermum laevigatum + cv Australian Tea Tree
Leptospermum scoparium + cvs New Zealand Tea Tree
Leucadendron species + cvs
NCN
Leucospermum species + cvs
NCN
Lupinus arboreus
Coastal Bush Lupine
Melaleuca armillaris
Drooping Melaleuca
Melaleuca nesophila
Pink Melaleuca
Metrosideros collina + cv
Lehua
Myoporum laetum + cv
NCN
Myoporum x Pacifica
NCN
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
Pittosporum crassifolium + cv
Karo
Polygala fruticosa Petite Butterflies NCN
Rhus integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
Rhus lentii
Pink Flowering Sumac
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
2 PF IG
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Shrubs continued
1
Salvia brandegeei
Santa Rosa Island Sage
Salvia leucophylla + cvs
Purple Sage
Salvia mellifera + cvs
Black Sage
Santolina chamaecyparissus + cvs Lavender Cotton
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Westringia fruticosa + cvs
Coast Rosemary
Westringia Wynyabbie Gem
NCN
2 PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
Palms
1
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix roebilinii
Pygmy Date Palm
Syagrus romanzoffianum
Queen Palm
Washingtonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
2 PF
M/L
M
M
M
M
Plant Lists
IG
2
1
L
1
1
Bougainvillea
Matress Vine
Black-eyed Susan
Orange Clock Vine
M/L
M
M
M
2
1
1
1
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Plant Lists
Invasive Plants
The challenge of invasive plants should be of concern to
all people who work with landscapes and gardens. The
widespread growth of exotic plants contribute significantly
to the loss of species diversity and natural habitats on a
worldwide basis. This issue is particularly important in
California where many endemic and rare native species
that are vulnerable to invasive plants. And, the challenge
is not simply limited to plants. Habitats for native wildlife
are also impacted by the loss of native plants as well as
the introduction of exotic wildlife species. A review of
the plants on these pages brings attention to a number of
popular ornamental plants that have escaped cultivation and
have become invasive in different regions of the state. More
species will be added in the future as better information is
gathered on other plants.
Several organizations and publications currently exist to
provide information and education regarding invasive plants
on national and statewide scale. Organizations and sources
of information include:
California Native Plant Council (Cal-IPC)
http://www.cal-ipc.org/
Invasive Species Council of California (ISCC)
http://www.iscc.ca.gov/
United States Department of Agriculture
http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/main.shtml
Invasive Plants of Californias Wildlands
Carla C. Bossard, John M. Randall, Marc C. Hoshovsky, editors
U.C. Pess, 2000
Trees
Acacia melanoxylon
Blackwood Acacia
Ailanthus altissima
Tree of Heaven
Cupressus macrocarpa
Monterey Cypress
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
River Red Gum
Eucalyptus globulus
Blue Gum
Ficus carica
Edible Fig
Olea europaea
Olive
Robinia pseudoacacia
Black Locust
Sapium sebiferum
Chinese Tallow Tree
Schinus molle
California Pepper
Schinus terebinthifolius
Brazilian Pepper
Schinus polygamus
Peruvian Pepper
Washintonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
Tamarix species
Tamarix
Distribution
Northern to southern coastal and inland zones
Statewide urban, rural and natural areas
Central to northern coastal zones
Southern coastal canyons
Northern to southern coastal and inland canyons
Statewide rban and riparian areas
Southern coastal and inland foothills
Statewide foothills and valleys
Northern and central riparian
Northern to southern coastal and inland foothills, valleys
San Francisco Bay area, Southern coastal lowlands
Southern inland
Southern desert washes
Coastal to desert riparian zones statewide
Shrubs
Atriplex semibaccata
Cistus ladanifer
Coprosma repens
Cotoneaster species
Cytisus scoparius
Echium candicans
Genista monspessulanus
Myoporum laetum
Nerium oleander
Ilex aquifolium
Lupinus arboreus
Pyracantha species
Ricinis communis
Spartium junceum
Vines
Delairea odorata
Hedera canariensis
Hedera helix
Australian Saltbush
Crimson-spot Rockrose
Mirror plant
Cotoneaster
Scotch Broom
Pride of Madiera
French Broom
NCN
Oleander
English Holly
Yellow Bush Lupine
Pyracantha
Castor Bean
Spanish Broom
Cape Ivy
Algerian Ivy
English Ivy
Distribution
Northern to central coastal
Central to southern riparian
Northern to southern coastal
Northern to southern coastal
Statewide disturbed areas
Northern to central coastal
Southern coastal beaches and bluffs
Central to southern coastal, inland and desert
Statewide riparian and woodland
Central to southern coastal and inland disturbed areas
Statewide coastal dunes and bluffs
Statewide coastal dunes and bluffs
Central to southern coastal
61
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Plant Lists
Flowering Trees
A colorful variety of flowering trees are available for
use in California where they are valued in public and
private spaces alike. Trees are commonly the largest and
most visible features in landscapes and gardens, and their
seasonal display of flowers can be highly prominent. This
list contains species that grow well in many climate zones
and plant palettes. Trees from cool and moist climate
zones bring springtime color into woodland and Asian style
gardens. Redbuds, dogwoods and magnolias are among
the most notable. Species such African tulip, coral, floss
silk, jacaranda and trumpet trees are adapted to subtropical
conditions in coastal and mild inland zones. California
buckeye, madrone, palo verde and red-flowering gum trees
grow well in Mediterranean and arid climate zones.
A number of trees commonly grown for smaller areas,
such as in patios and large containers are included in this
list. Good soils and careful watering are highly important
to their success when planted in confined areas with limited
root space and extensive paving.
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Orange
Red
Pink
White
Yellow
Blue
Lavender
Purple
Plant Lists
Flowering Trees
Aloes - Yuccas
O R Pi W Y B L P PF IG
Aloe barberae
Tree Aloe
L/VL 2
Beaucarnea recurvata
Bottle Palm L/VL 2
Cordyline australis + cvs
Dracaena Palm M 1
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree L/VL 2
Yucca species
Yucca L/VL 2
Patio Trees
O R Pi W Y B L P PF
Abutilon cultivars
NCN
H
Alyogyne huegelii + cvs
Blue Hibiscus M/L
Anisodontea x hypomandarum
Cape Mallow M
Bougainvillea cultivars
Bougainvillea
M/L
Brugmansia species + cvs.
Angels Trumpet
M
Caesalpinia gilliesii
Bird of Paradise Bush M/L
Citrus cultivars
Citrus M
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Tropical Hibiscus
M
Lavatera maritima
Sea Mallow M/L
Lavatera thuringiaca
NCN M
Nerium oleander
Oleander M/L
Rhaphiolepis x Majestic Beauty NCN M
Solanum rantonnetii + cv
Nightshade M
Tibouchina urvilleana
Princess Flower M
Wisteria species + cvs
Wisteria M
Below: Magnolia grandiflora Russet
IG
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
63
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Plant Lists
Flowering Shrubs
Shrubs have many important uses in landscapes and gardens.
They are commonly planted to define and enclose spaces by
providing perimeter screening and background layers. They
are also essential in complementing the choice of trees and
in providing accent and color value in small and large spaces
alike. This list of colorful flowering shrubs brings attention
to the dominance of evergreen species that can be selected for
a variety of situations. These evergreen plants offer colorful
choices for every climate zone and habitat condition, from
temperate to subtropical, and moist to dry. They range in
habit from low and spreading to mounding and upright, and
include species that can grow into trees as they mature.
A review of the deciduous flowering shrubs reveals
traditional choices such as lilacs, rhododendrons and roses.
Each of these groups alone contain many species and
cultivars that have made them among the most popular and
widely planted of all shrubs in California.
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=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Orange
Red
Pink
White
Yellow
Blue
Lavender
Purple
Plant Lists
Flowering Shrubs
65
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Plant Lists
Vines
Orange
Red
Pink
White
Yellow
Blue
Lavender
Purple
Insignificant
Deciduous Vines
O R Pi W Y B L P Ins
Campsis grandiflora + cvs
Chinese Trumpet Creeper
Campsis radicans + cvs
Trumpet Creeper
Campsis x tagliabuana + cv
NCN
Ipomoea indica
Blue Dawn Flower
Clematis species + cvs
Clematis
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Cats Claw
Parthenocissus henryana
Silvervein Creeper
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus tricuspidata
Boston Ivy
Solanum wendlandii
Costa Rican Nightshade
Vitis species + cvs
Grape
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Japanese Wisteria
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
Chinese Wisteria
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Evergreen Vines
O R Pi W Y B L P Ins
Antigonon leptopus + cvs
Coral Vine
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bignonia capreolata
Crossvine
Bougainvillea glabra
Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Cissus antarctica
Kangaroo Vine
Cissus hypoglauca
Water Vine
Cissus rhombifolia
Grape Ivy
Clematis armandii
Evergreen Clematis
Clytostoma callistegioides
Violet Trumpet Vine
Combretum fruticosum
Orange Flame Vine
Distictis Rivers
Royal Trumpet Vine
Distictis buccinatoria
Blood-Red Trumpet Vine
Distictis laxiflora
Vanilla Trumpet Vine
Fatshedera lizei
NCN
Ficus pumila
Creeping Fig
Gelsemium sempervirens
Carolina Jessamine
Hardenbergia comptoniana
NCN
Hardenbergia violaceae + cv
Lilac Vine
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Jasminum humile
Italian Jasmine
Jasminum laurifolium nitidum
Angelwing Jasmine
Jasminum mesnyi
Primrose Jasmine
Jasminum officinale
Poets Jasmine
Jasminum polyanthum
NCN
Jasminum tortuosum
Twisted Jasmine
Lonicera x heckrottii
Gold Flame Honeysuckle
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle
Lonicera hispidula
Twin Berry
PF
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
IG
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
IG
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
Vines
67
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Plant Lists
Ground Covers
Many plants can be grown as ground covers. They range
from spreading shrubs and sprawling vines to mass plantings
of clumping species such as mondo grass and day lilies. This
list organizes plants into different categories to help see the
choices that can be made for ground cover uses.
Some ground covers grow best when irrigated with rotor
type nozzles that provides uniform moisture distribution
throughout the planting area. Plants such as Halls
honeysuckle, snow-in-summer and trailing African daisy do
best with such coverage and can root along the ground as
they grow. Other plants are ideally suited to drip and bubbler
irrigation systems where moisture patterns can be targeted
to a more dispersed and natural planting pattern. Large
spreading shrubs such as Carmel creeper and sprawling
vines, including bougainvillea and primrose jasmine can be
irrigated efficiently with this type of irrigation.
As shown in the photograph below, it is desirable to think
about organic mulches for use as an interim or long term
cover. Many types of organic mulches are available that
provide the added advantage of decomposing and releasing
nutrients into the soil. Also, decomposed granite, decorative
gravel and river stone provide long lasting ground cover
value and are particularly useful in arid climate zones.
PF IG
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
PF
M
H
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M
M/L
M
IG
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
PF
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
PF IG
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
H 1
H 1
H 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M L
Ferns
S M L
Blechnum occidentale
Hammock Fern
Cyrtomium falcatum
Japanese Holly Fern
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Southern Sword Fern
Polypodium californicum
California Polypody
Polystichum munitum
Western Sword Fern
Rumohra adiantiformis
Leather Fern
Woodwardia fimbriata
Giant Chain Fern
PF
M
M
M
M/L
H/M
M
M/L
Plant Lists
Ground Covers
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
IG
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
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Plant Lists
Flowering Perennials
This list of plants brings attention to a wide range of species
that are highly popular for their fast growth and high
impact flowering value. These plants demonstrate the quick
results and performance needed during the first months
after a new landscape or garden has been planted. They
provide important visual impact while shrubs and trees are
establishing themselves and beginning to grow. Importantly,
many are attractive to butterflies and hummingbirds.
Some perennials are small shrub-like plants that combine
herbaceous foliage with woody stems. Species such as
hummingbird mint, penstemon and Russian sage possess
such characteristics. These plants benefit from attentive
pruning during and following their flowering cycle. Pruning
prolongs the flowering season in many instances and helps
to manage the plants size and shape. These perennials grow
quickly, provide intensive flowering and perform well for
three to four years before it is best to remove and replant.
They are among the most dynamic garden plants and serve
as a reminder of how fast gardens grow and change.
Other perennials have mostly herbaceous foliage such
as day lilies, fortnight lilies and lily-of-the-Nile. These
are long-lived plants that grow for many years and provide
garden stability through their consistent growth and enduring
nature. They perform well along borders, in mass planting
situations and add structure to the ground plane.
Flowering Perennials
Acanthus mollis + cvs
Bears Breech
Achillea filipendulina + cv
Fernleaf Yarrow
Achillea millefolium + cvs
Common Yarrow
Achillea Moonshine
NCN
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Agastache species + cvs
Hummingbird Mint
Alstroemeria hybrids
Alstroemeria
Anigozanthos species + cvs
Kangaroo Paw
Arctotheca calendula
Cape Weed
Arctotis aucaulis + cvs
African Daisy
Argyranthemum frutescens + cvs Marguerite Daisy
Argyranthemum gracile
NCN
Armeria maritima + cvs
Common Thrift
Asclepias species + cvs
Butterfly Bush
Asteriscus maritimus + cv
Gold Coin
Asteriscus sericeus
Canary Island Daisy
Baileya multiradiata
Desert Marigold
Bergenia cordifolia
Heartleaf Bergenia
Bergenia crassifolia
Winter-blooming Bergenia
Billbergia nutans
Queens Tears
Campanula species + cvs
Bellflower
Canna cultivars
Canna
Centaurea cineraria
Dusty Miller
Centaurea gymnocarpa
Velvet Centaurea
Centranthus ruber + cv
Red Valerian
Cerastium tomentosum
Snow-in-Summer
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides
Dwarf Plumbago
Clivia miniata + cvs
Kaffir Lily
Convolvulus cneorum
Bush Morning Glory
Convolvulus sabatius
Ground Morning Glory
Coreopsis grandiflora + cvs
NCN
Coreopsis lanceolata
NCN
Coreopsis verticillata + cvs
Thread-leaved Tickseed
Cuphea ignea
Cigar Plant
Cuphea x purpurea
Bat-faced Cuphea
Dianella tasmanica + cvs
Tasman Flax Lily
Dicliptera suberecta
NCN
Dietes bicolor
NCN
Dietes grandiflora + cvs
Fortnight Lily
Epilobium canum + cvs
California Fuchsia
Ericameria laricifolia + cv
Turpentine Bush
Erigeron glaucus + cvs
Beach Aster
Erigeron karvinskianus
Mexican Daisy
Eriogonum crocatum
Saffron Buckwheat
Eriogonum grande + var
Island Buckwheat
Eriogonum umbellatum + var
Sulfur Buckwheat
Felicia amelloides
Blue Marguerite
Gaillardia x grandiflora
NCN
Gaura lindheimeri + cvs
Gaura
Gazania species + cvs
Gazania
Hedychium species + cvs
Ginger Lily
Helichrysum italicum
Curry Plant
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Daylily
Heuchera species + cvs
Coral Bells
Hunnemannia fumariifolia
Mexican Tulip Poppy
Iris douglasiana + cvs
Pacific Coast Iris
Kniphofia thompsonii
NCN
Kniphofia triangularis + cv
NCN
Kniphofia uvaria + cvs
Red-hot Poker
Leonotis menthifolia
NCN
Limonium perezii
Sea Lavender
Liriope muscari + cvs
Big Blue Lily Turf
Lithodora diffusa
NCN
Lobelia laxiflora
NCN
Lotus berthelotii
Parrots beak
Lupinus excubitus
Grape Soda Lupine
Melampodium leucanthum
Blackfoot Daisy
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Sticky Monkey Flower
Mimulus cardinalis
Scarlet Monkey Flower
PF IG
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
H 1
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M 1
H/M 2
M 1
H/M 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
PF IG
H/M 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
Plant Lists
Flowering Perennials
71
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Plant Lists
Palms
Acoelorraphe wrightii
Everglade Palm
Archontophoenix cunninghamiana King Palm
Brahea armata
Mexican Blue Palm
Brahea brandegeei
San Jose Hesper Palm
Brahea edulis
Guadalupe Palm
Butia capitata
Pindo Palm
Caryota gigas
Giant Fishtail Palm
Caryota mitis
Clustered Fishtail Palm
Caryota urens
Jaggery Palm
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Dypsis decaryi
Triangle Palm
Howea forsteriana
Paradise Palm
Jubaea chilensis
Chilean Wine Palm
Livistona australis
Cabbage Palm
Livistona chinensis
Chinese Fan Palm
Livistona decipiens
Ribbon Fan Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
Phoenix reclinata
Senegal Date Palm
Phoenix roebelenii
Pigmy Date Palm
Ravenea rivularis
Majesty Palm
Rhapis excelsa
Lady Palm
Rhapis humilis
Slender Lady Palm
Syagrus romanzoffianum
Queen Palm
Trachycarpus fortunei
Windmill Palm
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
Washingtonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Cycads
Cycas revoluta
Sago Palm
Dioon edule
Chestnut Dioon
Dioon spinulosum
Giant Dioon
Zamia furfuracea
Cardboard Palm
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
PF
H
H
H
H
H
M
M
H
M
M
H
M
M
M
H/M
H/M
H/M
H
M
H/M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
Ferns
Adiantum aleuticum
Western Five-fingered Fern
Adiantum capillus-veneris
Southern Maidenhair
Adiantum jordanii
California Maidenhair
Asplenium bulbiferum
Mother Fern
Asplenium nidus
Birds Nest Fern
Blechnum brasiliense
NCN
Blechnum occidentale
Hammock Fern
Cyathea cooperi
Australian Tree Fern
Cyrtomium falcatum
Japanese Holly Fern
Cyrtomium fortunei
NCN
Dicksonia antarctica
Tasmanian Tree Fern
Microlepia strigosa
Lace Fern
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Southern Sword Fern
Phlebodium aureum
Hares Foot Fern
Polypodium californicum
California Polypody
Polystichum munitum
Western Sword Fern
Polystichum californicum
California Sword Fern
Polystichum polyblepharum
Japanese Tassel Fern
Rumohra adiantiformis
Leather Fern
Woodwardia fimbriata
Giant Chain Fern
Bamboo
Bambusa multiplex + cvs
Hedge Bamboo
Bambusa oldhamii
Oldham Bamboo
Bambusa textilis
Weavers Bamboo
Bambusa tuldoides Ventricosa
Buddhas Belly Bamboo
Bambusa vulgaris Vittata
Painted Bamboo
Himalayacalamus hookerianus + cvs Blue Himalayan Bamboo
Mexican Weeping Bamboo
Otatea acuminata
Phyllostachys aurea
Golden Bamboo
Phyllostachys bambusoides + cvs
Giant Timber Bamboo
Phyllostachys nigra
Black Bamboo
Phyllostachys vivax
Vivax Bamboo
Pleioblastus auricomus
NCN
Pleioblastus pygmaeus
Pygmy Bamboo
Pleioblastus shibuyanus Tsuboi
Dwarf Variegated Bamboo
Grasses
Aristida purpurea
Purple Three-awn
Bouteloua curtipendula
Side-oats Grama
Bouteloua gracilis
Blue Grama Grass
Calamagrostis x acutiflora + cv
Feather Reed Grass
Calamagrostis foliosus
Mendocino Reed Grass
Calamagrostis nutkaensis
Pacific Reed Grass
Festuca californica
California Fescue
Festuca glauca + cvs
Blue Fescue
Festuca mairei
Atlas Fescue
Festuca rubra + cvs
Creeping Red Fescue
Helictotrichon sempervirens + cvs Blue Oat Grass
Imperata cylindrica Red Baron
Japanese Blood Grass
Leymus arenarius
Blue Lyme Grass
Leymus cinereus
Gray Wild Rye
Leymus condensatus + cvs
Giant Wild Rye
Leymus triticoides
Creeping Wild Rye
Melinus nerviglumis
Ruby Grass
Miscanthus Giganteus
Giant Silver Grass
Miscanthus sinensis + cvs
Eulalia
Miscanthus transmorrisonensis
Taiwanese Miscanthus
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Pink Muhly
Muhlenbergia dubia
Mexican Muhly
Muhlenbergia lindheimeri
Lindheimers Muhly
Muhlenbergia rigens
Deer Grass
Nassella cernua
Nodding Needle Grass
Nassella lepida
Foothill Needle Grass
Nassella pulchra
Purple Needle Grass
Nassella tenuissima
Mexican Feather Grass
Pennisetum x advena + cvs
Fountain Grass
Pennisetum orientale
Chinese Fountain Grass
Pennisetum setaceum
Fountain Grass
Sesleria autumnalis
Autumn Moor Grass
Sesleria caerulea
Blue Moor Grass
Stipa gigantea
Giant Feather Grass
Zoysia tenuifolia
Korean Grass
Sedges, Restios and Rushes
Carex buchananii
Leather Leaf Sedge
Carex divulsa
Berkeley Sedge
Carex glauca
Blue Sedge
Carex pansa
California Meadow Sedge
Carex praegracilis
Western Meadow Sedge
Carex spissa
San Diego Sedge
Carex testacea
Orange Sedge
Juncus effusus + cvs
Common Rush
Juncus pallidus
Giant Rush
Juncus patens
Common Rush
Juncus textilis
Indian Rush
Chondropetalum elephantinum
Large Cape Rush
Chondropetalum tectorum
Small Cape Rush
Rhodocoma capensis
NCN
Rhodocoma fruticosa
NCN
Rhodocoma gigantea
NCN
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
H 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
H 1
H 1
H 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
L 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
H
H
H
M
M
M
M
M
Plant Lists
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Copyright Robert C. Perry - Plant Lists
73
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Plant Lists
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
VL/L 2
Cacti
Carnegiea gigantea
Saguaro
Cereus peruvianus + cv
Apple Cactus
Echinocactus grusonii
Golden Barrel Cactus
Opuntia basilaris
Beavertail Cactus
Opuntia ficus-indica
Indian Fig
Opuntia lindheimeri v. linguiformis Cows Tongue
Opuntia microdasys
Bunny Ears
Opuntia robusta
NCN
Opuntia violaceae + var
Prickly Pear
Mexican Fence Post Cactus
Pachycereus marginatus
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Aloes
Aloe arborescens + cv
Torch Aloe
Aloe barberae
Tree Aloe
Aloe Blue Elf
NCN
Aloe brevifolia
NCN
Aloe ciliaris
NCN
Aloe dichotoma
Quiver Tree
Aloe ferox
Bitter Aloe
Aloe Johnsons Hybrid
NCN
Aloe maculata
Soap Aloe
Aloe marlothii
NCN
Aloe x nobilis
NCN
Aloe plicatilis
Fan Aloe
Aloe speciosa
Tilt-head Aloe
Aloe x spinosissima
NCN
Aloe striata
Coral Aloe
Aloe striatula
Hardy Aloe
Aloe vera
Medicinal Aloe
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Succulents
Aeonium arboreum + cvs
Aeonium
Aeonium haworthii
NCN
Aeonium Kiwi
NCN
Aeonium Sunburst
NCN
Aeonium undulatum + cvs
NCN
Cistanthe grandiflora
NCN
Cotyledon orbiculata
NCN
Crassula arborescens + cvs
Silver Jade Plant
Crassula capetella Campfire
NCN
Crassula multicava
NCN
Crassula ovata
Jade Plant
Crassula perfoliata var. falcata
Sickle Plant
Dudleya brittonii
Brittons Chalk Dudleya
Dudleya edulis
San Diego Dudleya
Dudleya lanceolata
Lance leaved Dudleya
Dudleya pulverulenta
Chalk Dudleya
Dudleya virens
Catalina Island Dudleya
Echeveria species + cvs
Hen & Chicks
Euphorbia ingens
Common Tree Euphorbia
Euphorbia milii
Crown of Thorns
Euphorbia myrsinites
Creeping Spurge
Euphorbia rigida
Narrow-leaved Spurge
Euphorbia tirucalli + cv
Milkbush
Euphorbia xantii
Baja Spurge
Graptopetalum paraguayense
Mother-of-Pearl Plant
Graptoveria Fred Ives
NCN
Kalanchoe species + cvs
Kalanchoe
Pedilanthus macrocarpus
Ladys Slipper
Portulacaria afra
Elephants Food
Sedum species
Stonecrop
Senecio serpens
Blue Chalksticks
Senecio talinoides + ssp
NCN
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Ice Plants
Aptenia cordifolia
Red Apple
Carpobrotus species
Sea Fig
Cephalophyllum Red Spike
Red Spike Ice Plant
Delosperma cooperi
Pink Hardy Ice Plant
Delosperma litorale
White Trailing Iceplant
Drosanthemum floribundum
Rosea Ice Plant
Drosanthemum hispidum
NCN
Lampranthus aurantiacus
NCN
Lampranthus deltoides
NCN
Lampranthus productus
NCN
Lampranthus spectabilis
NCN
Malephora crocea
Ice Plant
Malephora lutea
Rocky Point Ice Plant
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Plant Lists
75
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Plant Lists
Street Trees
M L
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
M L
Palms
S
Archontophoenix cunninghamiana King Palm
Brahea armata
Mexican Blue Palm
Brahea edulis
Guadalupe Palm
Butia capitata
Pindo Palm
Livistona australis
Cabbage Palm
Livistona chinensis
Chinese Fan Palm
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
Syagrus romanzoffianum
Queen Palm
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
Washingtonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
M L
PF IG
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
Street Trees
Like all plants, trees depend upon their roots to obtain
moisture, nutrients and oxygen to sustain growth. Trees
become diminished in size and are more vulnerable to
drought and pollution when root growth is restricted by
compacted soils and limited space.
Roots develop best in soils that have a balance of moisture,
nutrients and oxygen; they do not grow in areas where any
one of these conditions are lacking. Roots will grow under
paving or adjacent to structures when poor conditions are
present. Over time such roots can become quite large and
cause damage to paving or structures.
The use of root barriers to help prevent root damage
by street trees can be successful under some conditions.
Barriers placed continuously along the edge of a sidewalk
in a linear parkway can be a deterrent to root growth of
smaller trees by redirecting the direction of the roots away
from the pavement. Encircling trees with root barriers is not
recommended; trees become rootbound and even lead to the
failure of the root barrier itself.
The use of structural soils holds promise for trees planted
in many urban and suburban areas to reduce damage by
tree roots and increase the health and vigor of the trees.
Structural soils consist mostly of crushed gravel with some
topsoil. These soils enable sufficient compaction to support
sidewalks and pavement, while providing increased space
and structure to hold moisture, oxygen and room for root
development. Even with structural soils, it is necessary to
excavate the largest area possible for each street tree to have
the greatest soil volume to sustain healthy growth.
77
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Plant Lists
Deciduous Trees
Acer negundo + ssp
Box Elder
Acer saccharinum
Silver Maple
Albizia julibrissin + cv
Silk Tree
Alnus species
Alder
Brachychiton acerifolius
Australian Flame Tree
Brachychiton discolor
Queensland Lacebark
Calodendrum capense
Cape Chestnut
Carya illinoinensis
Pecan
Catalpa species + cv
Catalpa
Celtis species
Hackberry
Chorisia speciosa
Silk Floss Tree
Cryptomeria japonica + cvs
Japanese Cedar
Erythrina species
Coral Tree
Fraxinus species + cvs
Ash
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Grevillea robusta
Silky Oak
Jacaranda mimosifolia + cv
Jacaranda
Koelreuteria species
Flame Tree
Liquidambar species + cvs
Sweet Gum
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip Tree
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Dawn Redwood
Parkinsonia species + cvs
Palo Verde
Paulownia tomentosa
Empress Tree
Platanus x acerifolia + cvs
London Plane Tree
Platanus mexicana
NCN
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
Prosopis species + cvs
Mesquite
Quercus lobata
Valley Oak
Quercus palustris
Pin Oak
Quercus virginiana
Southern Live Oak
Taxodium species
Cypress
Tipuana tipu
Tipu Tree
Ulmus parvifolia + cvs
Chinese Evergreen Elm
PF IG
H 1
H 1
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
H 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
H/M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Evergreen Trees
Acacia melanoxylon
Blackwood Acacia
Afrocarpus gracilior
Fern Pine
Araucaria bidwillii
Bunya-bunya
Casuarina cunninghamiana
River She-oak
Cedrus atlantica + cvs
Atlas Cedar
Cedrus deodara + cvs
Deodar Cedar
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana + cvs Port Orford Cedar
Cinnamomum camphora
Camphor Tree
Cupressus macrocarpa + cvs
Monterey Cypress
Eucalyptus species
Eucalyptus
Ficus species
Evergreen Fig
Hymenosporum flavum
Sweetshade
Lagunaria patersonii
Primrose Tree
Lophostemon confertus + cv
Brisbane Box
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Melaleuca styphelioides
Prickly Paperbark
Pinus species
Pine
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Podocarpus macrophyllus + cv
Yew Pine
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus ilex
Holm Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
Schinus molle
Pepper Tree
Sequoia sempervirens + cvs
Coast Redwood
Sequoiadendron giganteum
Giant Sequoia
PF IG
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M/H 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
H 1
M 1
Palms
Jubaea chilensis
Chilean Wine Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
Phoenix reclinata
Senegal Date Palm
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
Evergreen Trees
Araucaria bidwillii
Bunya-bunya
Cedrus atlantica + cvs
Atlas Cedar
Cedrus deodara + cvs
Deodar Cedar
Cinnamomum camphora
Camphor Tree
Cupressus macrocarpa + cvs
Monterey Cypress
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
River Red Gum
Eucalyptus citriodora
Lemon-scented Gum
Eucalyptus cladocalyx
Sugar Gum
Eucalyptus globulus + cv
Blue Gum
Eucalyptus viminalis
Manna Gum
Ficus macrophylla
Moreton Bay Fig
Ficus microcarpa
Indian Laurel Fig
Ficus rubiginosa
Rustyleaf Fig
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Pinus canariensis
Canary Island Pine
Pinus halepensis
Aleppo Pine
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
Pinus radiata
Monterey Pine
Pinus torreyana
Torrey Pine
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
Sequoia sempervirens + cvs
Coast Redwood
Sequoiadendron giganteum
Giant Sequoia
PF IG
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
H 1
M 1
Deciduous Trees
Erythrina caffra
Coral Tree
Erythrina coralloides
Naked Coral Tree
Fraxinus uhdei + cvs
Evergreen Ash
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Grevillea robusta
Silky Oak
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
Quercus lobata
Valley Oak
Quercus virginiana
Southern Live Oak
Salix babylonica + cvs
Weeping Willow
Taxodium distichum
Bald Cypress
Taxodium mucronatum
Montezuma Cypress
Ulmus parvifolia + cvs
Chinese Evergreen Elm
PF IG
L 1
L 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
H/M 1
M/L 2
M 1
H 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Palms
Jubaea chilensis
Chilean Wine Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
Washingtonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
PF
M
M
M
M
Plant Lists
IG
1
1
1
1
79
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Plant Lists
Evergreen Trees
S M L
Acacia aneura
Mulga
Acacia podalyriifolia
Pearl Acacia
Acca sellowiana
Pineapple Guava
Afrocarpus gracilior
Fern Pine
Agonis flexuosa + cvs
Peppermint Tree
Arbutus Marina
NCN
Arbutus unedo
Strawberry Tree
Callistemon citrinus
Lemon Bottlebrush
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
Ficus species
Evergreen Fig
Geijera parviflora
Australian Willow
Hymenosporum flavum
Sweetshade Tree
Laurus nobilis
Sweet Bay
Leptospermum Dark Shadows NCN
Leptospermum petersonii
Lemon-scented Tea Tree
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Metrosideros excelsus
N.Z. Christmas Tree
Michelia champaca
Champaca
Michelia doltsopa
NCN
Olea europaea + cvs
Olive
Olneya tesota
Desert Ironwood
Photinia x fraseri
NCN
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
Schefflera actinophylla
Queensland Umbrella Tree
Schinus molle
Pepper Tree
Schinus terebinthifolius
Brazilian Pepper Tree
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
H/M 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Deciduous Trees
S M L
Acacia farnesiana
Sweet Acacia
Acacia willardiana
Palo Blanco
Acer palmatum + cvs
Japanese Maple
Bauhinia forficata
Brazilian Butterfly Tree
Bauhinia x blakeana
Hong Kong Orchid Tree
Betula species + cvs
Birch
Caesalpinia cacalaco
Cascalote
Calodendrum capense
Cape Chestnut
Cassia leptophylla
Gold Medallion Tree
Cercis canadensis + cvs
Eastern Redbud
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Desert Willow
Chionanthus retusus
Chinese Fringe Tree
X Chitalpa tashkentensis + cvs Chitalpa
Cornus florida
Flowering Dogwood
Erythrina species
Coral Tree
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Gleditsia triacanthos + cvs
Honey Locust
Jacaranda mimosifolia + cv
Jacaranda
Koelreuteria species
Flame Tree
Lagerstroemia indica + cvs
Crape Myrtle
Lysiloma watsonii var. thornberi Feather Bush
Maytenus boaria
Mayten Tree
Parkinsonia species + cvs
Palo Verde
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
Prosopis species + cvs
Mesquite
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purple-leaf Plum
Pyrus species + cvs
Callery Pear
Quercus lobata
Valley Oak
Quercus virginiana
Southern Live Oak
Robinia x ambigua + cvs
Locust
Salix babylonica + cvs
Weeping Willow
Sophora japonica
Japanese Pagoda Tree
Spathodea campanulata
African Tulip Tree
Tabebuia species
Trumpet Tree
Tipuana tipu
Tipu Tree
Ulmus parvifolia + cvs
Chinese Evergreen Elm
Zelkova serrata
Sawleaf Zelkova
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
H 1
M 1
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
H 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
H/M 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
H 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Trees
Acacia willardiana
Palo Blanco
Acer japonica + cvs
Japanese Maple
Araucaria bidwillii
Bunya Bunya
Brachychiton rupestris
Queensland Bottle Tree
Chorisia speciosa
Floss Silk Tree
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree
Erythrina caffra
Coast Coral Tree
Eucalyptus citriodora
Lemon Scented Gum
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Parkinsonia species + cvs
Palo Verde
Pinus thunbergii
Japanese Black Pine
Spathodea campanulata
African Tulip Tree
Character
Bark/Texture
Foliage/Texture
Silhouette
Trunk
Trunk/Flowers
Trunk/Shape
Flowers/Scale
Bark, Shape
Foliage
Bark
Trunk/Flowers
Branching
Flowering
Shrubs
Arctostaphylos species
Brugmansia species + cvs
Fremontodendron cultivars
Leptospermum laevigatum
Magnolia x soulangeana + cvs
Mahonia lomariifolia
Melaleuca nesophila
Strelitzia juncea
Manzanita
Angels Trumpet
Flannel Bush
Australian Tea Tree
Saucer Magnolia
NCN
Pink Melaleuca
NCN
Branching/Bark
Flowers/Texture
Flowers
Branching/Bark
Flowers
Foliage/Flowers
Branching/Bark
Shape
Vines
Beaumontia grandiflora
Passiflora cultivars
Pyrostegia venusta
Tetrastigma voinierianum
Thunbergia gregorii
Texture/Flowers
Flowers/Fruit
Flowers
Texture
Flowers
Foliage Color
Shape/Color
Shape/Color
Shape/Mass
Shape
Shape
Shape
Shape/Texture
Shape/Mass
Texture
Shape
Shape
Shape/Mass
Texture/Shape
Shape/Mass
Shape/Texture
Shape
NCN
Stem Markings
Mexican Weeping Bamboo Fine Texture
Black Bamboo
Stem Color
Grass Tree
Shape/Flowers
Korean Grass
Fine Texture
Plant Lists
Color/Texture
Coarse Texture
Shape
Shape/Texture
Shape
Shape
Texture/Canes
81
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Plant Lists
Trees
S M L
Afrocarpus gracilior
Fern Pine
Callistemon viminalis
Weeping Bottlebrush
Calocedrus decurrens
Incense Cedar
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana + cvs Port Orford Cedar
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
x Cupressocyparis leylandii
Leland Cypress
Cupressus macrocarpa
Monterey Cypress
Cupressus sempervirens + cvs
Italian Cypress
Ficus benjamina
Weeping Chinese Fig
Ficus microcarpa
Indian Laurel Fig
Ilex vomitoria
Yaupon
Ligustrum lucidum
Glossy Privet
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Populus nigra Italica
Lombardy Poplar
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii
Catalina Cherry
Syzygium paniculatum
Australian Brush Cherry
PF IG
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
H/M 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
H/M 2
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M 1
Shrubs
S M L
Abelia species + cvs
Abelia
Acacia longifolia
Sydney Golden Wattle
Acca sellowiana
Pineapple Guava
Agonis flexuosa Nana
NCN
Arbutus unedo Compacta
NCN
Baccharis Starn
NCN
Bambusa species + cvs
Bamboo
Berberis species + cvs
Barberry
Bougainvillea species + cvs
Bougainvillea
Buxus microphylla japonica + cvs Japanese Boxwood
Buxus sempervirens + cvs
Common Boxwood
Callistemon citrinus
Lemon Bottlebrush
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Choisya ternata
Mexican Orange
Cistus x purpureus
Orchid Rockrose
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
Coprosma repens + cvs
Mirror Plant
Dodonaea viscosa + cv
Hopseed Bush
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Silverberry
Elaeagnus x ebbingei + cvs
NCN
Equisetum hyemale
Horsetail
Escallonia species + cvs
Escallonia
Euonymus japonicus + cvs
Euonymus
Ficus benjamina
Weeping Chinese Fig
Ficus microcarpa
Indian Laurel Fig
Grevillea species + cvs
Grevillea
Grewia occidentalis
Lavender Starflower
Hakea suaveolens
Sweet Hakea
Hebe species + cv
Hebe
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Toyon
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Tropical Hibiscus
Hibiscus syriacus
Rose of Sharon
Hypericum Hidcote
NCN
Ilex aquifolium + cvs
English Holly
Ilex cornuta + cvs
Chinese Holly
Ilex vomitoria + cvs
Yaupon
Ilex x altaclerensis Wilsonii
Wilson Holly
Juniperus species + cvs
Juniper
Lantana camara + cvs
Lantana
Lavandula dentata
French lavender
Leptospermum l. Compactum
NCN
Leptospermum scoparium + cvs New Zealand Tea Tree
Leucophyllum species + cvs
NCN
Ligustrum japonicum + cvs
Japanese Privet
Ligustrum lucidum
Glossy Privet
Ligustrum ovalifolium
California Privet
Metrosideros kermadecensis + cvs Dwarf Pohutakawa
Myoporum laetum
NCN
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
Myrsine africana
African Boxwood
PF
M
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
L
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
IG
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
Shrubs continued
S
Myrtus communis + cvs
True Myrtle
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Olea europaea Little Ollie
Dwarf Olive
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Photinia x fraseri
NCN
Photinia glabra
Japanese Photinia
Photinia serratifolia
Chinese Photinia
Phyllostachys aurea
Golden Bamboo
Phyllostachys bambusoides + cvs Golden Bamboo
Phyllostachys nigra
Black Bamboo
Pittosporum eugenioides
NCN
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Mock Orange
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Plumbago auriculata
Cape Plumbago
Prunus caroliniana + cvs
Carolina Laurel Cherry
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii
Catalina Cherry
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
Punica granatum + cvs
Pomegranate
Pyracantha species + cvs
Firethorn
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Rhamnus californica + cvs
California Coffeeberry
Rhamnus crocea + ssp.
Hollyleaf Redberry
Rhaphiolepis indica + cvs
India Hawthorn
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
NCN
Rhus integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
Rhus ovata
Sugar Bush
Rosa floribunda cultivars
Floribunda Rose
Rosa mutabilis
China Rose
Rosa rugosa
Rugosa Rose
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Syzygium paniculatum Compacta Australian Brush Cherry
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Viburnum awabuki
Sweet Viburnum
Viburnum suspensum
Sandankwa Viburnum
Viburnum tinus + cvs
Laurustinus
Westringia Wynyabbie Gem
NCN
Westringia fruticosa + cvs
Coast Rosemary
Xylosma congestum + cv
Shiny Xylosma
M L
PF IG
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
Plant Lists
83
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Plant Lists
Trees
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
Hymenosporum flavum
Sweetshade Tree
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Michelia champaca
Champaca
Michelia doltsopa
NCN
Michelia x foggii
NCN
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Plumeria species + cvs
Frangipani
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Shrubs and Perennials
Brugmansia species + cvs
Angels Trumpet
Brunfelsia pauciflora + cvs
NCN
Buddleja davidii + cvs
Butterfly Bush
Calycanthus occidentalis
Spice Bush
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Citrus cultivars
Citrus
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Silverberry
Gardenia augusta + cvs
Gardenia
Gardenia thunbergia
NCN
Hedychium species + cvs
Ginger Lily
Lavandula species + cvs
Lavender
Ligustrum japonicum + cvs
Japanese Privet
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Jasminum humile
Italian Jasmine
Jasminum laurifolium nitidum
Angelwing Jasmine
Jasminum officinale
Poets Jasmine
Lupinus excubitus
Grape Soda Lupine
Michelia figo
Banana Shrub
Michelia x foggii
NCN
Michelia yunnanensis
NCN
Montanoa grandiflora
Tree Daisy
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Penstemon palmeri
Scented Penstemon
Philadelphus species + cvs
Mock Orange
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Mock Orange
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Plumeria species + cvs
Frangipani
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Cleveland Sage
Syringa x hyacinthiflora + cvs
Early Flowering Lilac
Syringa x chinensis + cvs
Chinese Lilac
Syringa x laciniata
Cutleaf Lilac
Syringa vulgaris + cvs
Common Lilac
Viburnum awabuki
Sweet Viburnum
Viburnum suspensum
Sandankwa Viburnum
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF IG
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
H 1
M 1
H 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Vines
PF
Clematis armandii
Evergreen Clematis
M
Jasminum humile
Italian Jasmine
M/L
Jasminum laurifolium nitidum
Angelwing Jasmine
M
Jasminum officinale
Common White Jasmine
M
Jasminum polyanthum
NCN
M
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle M
Pandorea jasminoides cultivars
Bower Vine
M
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
M
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Japanese Wisteria
M
Wisteria sinensis
Chinese Wisteria
M
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
H 1
H/M 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
H/M 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
PF
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
IG
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
Plant Checklists
85
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Plant Lists
=
=
=
=
Olive
Gray
Silver-White
Blue-Green
Trees Ol G S BG PF
Acacia aneura
Mulga L/VL
Acacia baileyana
Bailey Acacia L/VL
Acacia pendula
Weeping Myall L/VL
Acacia podalyriifolia
Pearl Acacia L/VL
Acca sellowiana
Pineapple Guava M
Afrocarpus gracilior
Fern Pine M
Cedrus atlantica Glauca
Blue Atlas Cedar M/L
Cupressus arizonica + cvs
Arizona Cypress L/VL
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree L/VL
Eucalyptus polyanthemos
Silver Dollar Gum M/L
Leptospermum laevigatum
Australian Tea Tree M/L
Leucadendron argenteum
Silver Tree M/L
Olea europaea + cvs
Olive M/L
Pinus coulteri
Coulter Pine L/VL
Pinus torreyana
Torrey Pine
L/VL
Psorothamnus spinosus
Smoke Tree M/L
Quercus douglasii
Blue Oak L/VL
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Shrubs Ol G S BG PF
Abutilon palmeri
Indian Mallow M/L
Acacia covenyi
Blue Bush M/L
Acacia cultriformis
Knife Acacia L/VL
Acacia podalyriifolia
Pearl Acacia L/VL
Acacia redolens
NCN L/VL
Artemisia Powis Castle
NCN M/L
Artemisia arborescens
NCN L/VL
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush L/VL
Atriplex canescens
Quail Bush L/VL
Atriplex lentiformis ssp. breweri Brewers Saltbush L/VL
Buddleja davidii + cvs
Butterfly Bush M
Cistus skanbergii
NCN M/L
Correa alba + cvs
Australian Fuchsia M/L
Correa Ivory Bells
NCN M/L
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus
NCN M
Dalea greggii
Trailing Indigo Bush M/L
Dendromecon harfordii
Island Bush Poppy L/VL
Dendromecon rigida
Bush Poppy L/VL
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Silverberry M
Encelia farinosa
Brittlebush L/VL
Eriogonum cinereum
Ashyleaf Buckwheat L/VL
Grevillea lanigera + cvs
Woolly Grevillea M/L
Iva hayesiana
San Diego Marsh Elder M/L
Juniperus x pfitzeriana + cvs
Pitzer Juniper M
Lavandula angustifolia
English Lavender M/L
Lavandula dentata
French lavender M/L
Lavandula Goodwin Creek Gray NCN M/L
Lavandula multifida
Fernleaf Yarrow M/L
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender M/L
Lavandula x intermedia + cvs
Lavadin M/L
Leptospermum laevigatum + cvs Australian Tea Tree M/L
Leucadendron cultivars
NCN M/L
Leucophyllum candidum + cvs
NCN L/VL
Leucophyllum frutescens + cvs
Texas Ranger L/VL
Leucophyllum laevigatum
Chihuahuan Sage L/VL
Melianthus species
Honey Bush M/L
Olea europaea Little Ollie
NCN M/L
Phlomis fruticosa
Jerusalem Sage M/L
Pittosporum crassifolium
Karo M
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage L/VL
Salvia apiana
White Sage L/VL
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Cleveland Sage L/VL
Salvia leucophylla + cvs
Purple sage L/VL
Santolina chamaecyparissus + cvs Lavender Cotton M/L
Santolina pinnata ssp. neapolitana NCN M/L
Senna artemisioides
Feathery Cassia L/VL
Senna phyllodinea
Silvery Cassia L/VL
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander M/L
Westringia species + cvs
Coast Rosemary M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Ol G S BG PF
Mexican Blue Palm M
Pindo Palm M
Triangle Palm M
IG
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
IG
1
1
1
IG
Ground Covers
Ol G S BG PF
Artemisia californica Canyon Gray NCN L/VL
Cerastium tomentosum
Snow-in-Summer M
Dymondia margaretae
NCN M/L
Gazania rigens leucolaena
Trailing Gazania M/L
Juniperus horizontalis + cvs
Bar Harbor Juniper M
Salvia Bees Bliss
Bees Bliss Sage L/VL
Salvia Mrs. Beard
Mrs. Beard Sage L/VL
Senecio serpens
Blue Chalksticks L/VL
Senecio talinoides ssp. mandraliscae NCN L/VL
IG
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
Plant Lists
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
87
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Plant Lists
=
=
=
=
Bronze
Red
Burgundy
Purple
Trees
Br R Bu P PF IG
Acer palmatum cultivars
Japanese Maple H 1
Agonis flexuosa Jervis Bay Afterdark NCN M/L 2
Betula pendula cultivars
Birch
H 1
Cercis canadensis Forest Pansy Eastern Redbud M 1
Cordyline australis Atropurpurea Bronze Dracaena M 1
Cotinus coggygria cultivars
Smoke Tree M 1
Ensete ventricosum Maurelii
Abyssinian Banana H 1
Eriobotrya deflexa
Bronze Loquat
M 1
Euphorbia cotinifolia
C. Copper Plant M 1
Leptospermum Dark Shadows
NCN M/L 2
Prunus x blireiana
NCN M 1
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purple-leaf Plum M 1
Robinia x ambigua Purple Robe NCN
M 1
Shrubs
Br R Bu P PF IG
Japanese Barberry M 1
Smoke Tree M 1
Purple Hopseed Bush M/L 2
Hebe M 1
NCN M 1
NCN M 1
Heavenly Bamboo M 1
Y O R Bu PF
Maple
H
Birch
H
Pecan
M
Redbud
M
Dogwood
H
Persimmon
M
NCN
M
Maidenhair Tree
M
Honey Locust
M
Chinese Flame Tree M
NCN
M
Sweet Gum
M
Tulip Tree
H
Dawn Redwood M
Mulberry
M
Chinese Pistache
M
Cottonwood
H
Pomegranate
M
Ornamental Pear M
Willow
H
Chinese Tallow Tree M
Sawleaf Zelkova M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Color
Red
Purple
Bronze
Yellow
Bergundy
Red
Bronze
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
=
=
=
=
Yellow
Orange
Red
Burgundy
89
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Plant Lists
Trees
Acer negundo Variegatum
Ficus benjamina Variegata
Lophostemon confertus Variegata
Y W PF
NCN H
Weeping Chinese Fig
M
Brisbane Box
M
IG
1
1
1
Shrubs
Y W PF
Abelia x grandiflora cultivars
Glossy Abelia
M
Abutilon cultivars
Flowering Maple
H
Abutilon megapotamicum Variegata NCN
H
Abutilon pictum Thompsonii
NCN
H
Aucuba japonica Crotonifolia
Japanese Aucuba M
Aucuba japonica Gold Dust
Japanese Aucuba M
Aucuba japonica Mr. Goldstrike
Japanese Aucuba M
Aucuba japonica Picturata
Japanese Aucuba M
Bougainvillea Raspberry Ice
Bougainvillea M/L
Buddleja davidii Harlequin
Butterfly Bush M
Caryopteris c. Worcester Gold
Blue Mist
M/L
Ceanothus t. Diamond Heights
Carmel Creeper
M/L
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus El Dorado Blue Blossom Ceanothus M/L
Coprosma Evening Glow
NCN
M
Coprosma x kirkii Variegata
NCN M
Coprosma repens Marble King
Mirror Plant
M
Coprosma repens Marble Queen Mirror Plant
M
Coprosma repens Marginata
Mirror Plant
M
Coprosma repens Picturata
Mirror Plant
M
Coprosma repens Pink Splendor
Mirror Plant M
Echium candicans Variegata
Pride of Madeira M/L
Elaeagnus x ebbingei cultivars
NCN
M
Fatsia japonica Variegata
Japanese Aralia
M
Ficus elastica Variegata
Rubber Plant
M
Hebe x andersonii Variegata
NCN
M
Hydrangea macrophylla Tricolor
Bigleaf Hydrangea
H
Ilex aquifolium cultivars
English Holly
M
Juniperus chinensis cultivars
Juniper
M
Lantana Lemon Swirl
Lantana
M/L
Myrtus communis Variegata
True Myrtle M
Pittosporum eugenioides Variegata NCN M
Pittosporum t. Marjorie Channon NCN M
Pittosporum tobira Variegata
Mock Orange M
Schefflera arboricola cultivars
Hawaiian Elf Schefflera M
Westringia fruticosa Morning Light Coast Rosemary
M/L
Westringia fruticosa Smokey
Coast Rosemary M/L
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
Vines
Bougainvillea Raspberry Ice
x Fatshedera lizei Variegata
Hedera canariensis Variegata
Hedera helix cultivars
Pandorea jasminoides Variegata
Y W PF
Bougainvillea M/L
Botanical Wonder
M
Algerian Ivy M
English Ivy
M
Bower Vine
M
IG
2
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Y W PF
Agapanthus praecox Silver Streak Variegated Agapanthus M
Canna cultivars
Canna
H
Clivia miniata cultivars
Kaffir Lily M
Dietes grandiflora Variegata
Fortnight Lily M
Liriope muscari Silvery Sunproof Big Blue Lily Turf M
Liriope muscari Variegata
Big Blue Lily Turf M
Liriope spicata Silver Dragon
Creeping Lily Turf M
Ophiopogon jaburan Vittatus
Giant Lily Turf M
Pelargonium x hortorum cultivars Common Geranium
M
Phormium tenax Variegata
New Zealand Flax
M
Tulbaghia violacea cultivars
Society Garlic M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Y W PF
Coprosma x kirkii Variegata
NCN M
Vinca major Variegata
Periwinkle M
Vinca minor Illumination
Dwarf Periwinkle M
Vinca minor Ralph Shugert
Dwarf Periwinkle
M
Vinca minor Sterling Silver
Dwarf Periwinkle
M
Plant Lists
IG
1
1
1
1
1
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Plant Lists
PF
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
L/VL
L/VL
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M/L
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M/L
M
H
M
H
H
H
H
M
M
M
M
IG
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
H
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
L/VL
M
M
M
IG
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
PF
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
PF
M/L
H
H
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
H
H
L/VL
H
M
H
L/VL
IG
2
PF
M
H
M/L
M
H/M
M/L
L/VL
M
IG
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
Plant Lists
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
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Plant Lists
Butterfly Plants
Attracting butterflies to landscapes and gardens can be one
of the most fulfilling experiences, and one that embraces
the concept of diversity. This list of plants provides nectar
and larval value to butterflies. It has been compiled from a
number of sources and shows a broad range of plants from
trees and shrubs to vines and perennials that are of benefit
to butterflies. Not all of the associations between plants and
butterflies are perfectly understood, and this list suggests
that many other species can be added.
The objective of attracting butterflies and sustaining
their larvae not only encourages planting diversity, but the
avoidance of chemicals and excessive deadheading and
cutting of perennials. These practices are consistent with
naturalized gardens and the combination of California native
and recognized butterfly plants. These plants have different
moisture needs and are adapted to many climate zones across
the state, but can be successfully combined into appropriate
hydrozones and microclimates.
Trees
Aesculus californica
Alnus rhombifolia
Arbutus menziesii
Celtis reticulata
Cercis canadensis
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Chorisia speciosa
Citrus cultivars
Cordyline australis + cvs
Cornus nuttallii
Platanus racemosa
Populus species
Prosopis glandulosa
Quercus species
Salix species + cvs
N L PF IG
California Buckeye
L/VL 2
White Alder H/M 2
Madrone M/L 2
Western Hackberry M/L 2
Eastern Redbud
M 1
Desert Willow
M/L 2
Floss Silk Tree M 1
Citrus M 1
Dracaena Palm
M 1
Western Dogwood
H/M 2
Western Sycamore H/M 2
Cottonwood H 1
Texas Honey Mesquite
M/L 2
Oak M/L 2
Willow
H 1
Shrubs
N L PF IG
Abelia x grandiflora + cvs
Glossy Abelia
M 1
Acacia greggii
Catclaw Acacia
L/VL 2
Atriplex canescens
Quail Bush L/VL 2
Atriplex lentiformis + ssp.
Big Saltbush L/VL 2
Baccharis salicifolia
Mulefat
M/L 2
Berberis species + cvs
Barberry
M 1
Buddleja species + cvs
Butterfly Bush
M 1
Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Red Bird of Paradise Bush
M/L 2
Calliandra species + cvs
Fairy Duster
M/L 2
Caryopteris species + cvs
Bluebeard
M/L 2
Ceanothus species + cvs
Ceanothus
M/L 2
Celtis pallida
Desert Hackberry M/L 2
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
M/L 2
Cercocarpus betuloides
Mountain Mahogany
L/VL 2
Dalea greggii
Trailing Indigo Bush
M/L 2
Dalea pulchra
Indigo Bush
M/L 2
Duranta erecta
Sky Flower
M 1
Echium candicans + cv
Pride of Madeira
M/L 2
Encelia species + cvs
Encelia
M/L 2
Eriogonum species +cvs
Buckwheat
L/VL 2
Fremontodendron species + cvs Flannel Bush
L/VL 2
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Toyon M/L 2
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Tropical Hibiscus M 1
Hibiscus syriacus
Rose of Sharon M 1
Isomeris arborea
Bladderpod M/L 2
Juniperus californica
California Juniper M/L 2
Justicia spicigera
Mexican Honeysuckle
M 1
Lantana camara + cvs
Yellow Sage
M/L 2
Below: Encelia farinosa
Shrubs continued
N L PF IG
Lavandula species + cvs
English Lavender
M/L 2
Leucophyllum species + cvs
Texas Ranger
L/VL 2
Philadelphus lewisii + cv
Western Mock Orange
M/L 2
Plumbago auriculata + cvs
Cape Plumbago
M/L 2
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
M/L 2
Rhamnus californica + cvs
California Coffeeberry M/L 2
Rhamnus crocea + ssp.
Hollyleaf Redberry L/VL 2
Rhus integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
L/VL 2
Rhus lentii
Pink Flowering Sumac
L/VL 2
Rhus ovata
Sugar Bush
L/VL 2
Ribes species + cvs
Currant
M/L 2
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
M/L 2
Ruellia species + cvs
Ruellia
M/L 2
Salvia species + cvs
Sage
M/L 2
Syringa species + cvs
Common Lilac
M 1
Vitex agnus-castus
Chaste Tree
M/L 2
Yucca species
Yucca
L/VL 2
Plant Lists
Butterfly Plants
Vines
N L PF IG
Lonicera species + cvs
Honeysuckle
M 1
Passiflora species + cvs
Passion Vine M 1
Perennials
N L PF IG
Achillea millefolium + cvs
Common Yarrow
M/L 2
Agastache species + cvs
Hummingbird Mint
M/L 2
Asclepias species + cvs
Butterfly Bush
M/L 2
Baileya multiradiata
Desert Marigold
L/VL 2
Bouteloua gracilis
Blue Grama Grass M/L 2
Centaurea cineraria
Dusty Miller M/L 2
Coreopsis species
Coreopsis
M 1
Ericameria laricifolia
Turpentine Bush
L/VL 2
Erigeron glaucus + cvs
Beach Aster M/L 2
Gaillardia x grandiflora
NCN
M/L 2
Gaura lindheimeri + cvs
Gaura
M/L 2
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Daylily
M 1
Leymus species + cvs
Wild Rye M/L 2
Lupinus species
Lupine
L/VL 2
Melampodium leucanthum
Blackfoot Daisy
L/VL 2
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Monkey Flower L/VL 2
Oenothera speciosa + cvs
Mexican Evening Primrose
M/L 2
Penstemon species
Penstemon L/VL 2
Sphaeralcea ambigua + cvs
Apricot Mallow
L/VL 2
Tagetes lemmonii
Mt. Lemon Marigold
M/L 2
Verbena species
Verbena
M/L 2
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Plant Lists
Hummingbird Plants
Hummingbirds bring the greatest attention to plants with red
and orange tubular flowers with nectar. In warm climate
zones, these birds can be found in landscapes and gardens
many months of the year when these flowers occur. An initial
review of this list confirms these basic observations. Plants
such as hummingbird mint, penstemon and honeysuckles
are traditional favorites. Aloes produce a remarkably rich
supply of nectar for both hummingbirds and song birds
during the winter months.
On second review, many other flower colors and shapes
are included in this list and indicate the availability of nectar
for these birds. It is interesting to note how some flowers
are mostly comprised of stamens such as bottlebrush,
eucalyptus and grevilleas. Plants in the Ericaceae family
including manzanitas, strawberry trees and summer holly
with small urn-shaped flowers are included. And, the bright
yellow flowers of palo verde trees in desert regions are noted
for their attraction to hummingbirds. These plants grow in a
variety of habitats and climate zones and provide are range
of choices for use in many planting situations.
Trees
Aesculus californica
Aesculus x carnea + cv
Albizia julibrissin + cv
Arbutus species + cvs
Bauhinia x blakeana
Caesalpinia cacalaco
Callistemon citrinus + cvs
Callistemon viminalis + cvs
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
x Chitalpa tashkentensis + cvs
Eucalyptus species + cvs
Parkinsonia species + cvs
California Buckeye
Red Horse Chestnut
Silk Tree
NCN
Hong Kong Orchid Tree
Cascalote
Lemon Bottlebrush
Weeping Bottlebrush
Desert Willow
Chitalpa
Red Ironbark
Palo Verde
Shrubs
Arctostaphylos species + cvs
Parry Manzanita
Buddleja davidii + cvs
Butterfly Bush
Caesalpinia species
Bird of Paradise Bush
Calliandra eriophylla
Pink Fairy Duster
Caryopteris species + cvs
Bluebeard
Chaenomeles speciosa
NCN
Comarostaphylis diversifolia
Summer Holly
Correa species + cvs
Australian Fuchsia
Eremophila species + cvs
Emu Bush
Galvezia species + cv s
Bush Snapdragon
Grevillea species + cvs
Grevillea
Iochroma cyaneum
NCN
Justicia species + cvs
Chuparosa
Keckiella species + cvs
Keckiella
Ornithostaphylos oppositifolia
Palo Blanco
Ribes species + cvs
Currant
Ruellia peninsularis
Desert Ruellia
Salvia species + cvs
Sage
Syringa species + cvs
Lilac
Tecoma species + cvs
Cape Honeysuckle
Trichostema lanatum
Woolly Blue Curls
PF IG
L/VL 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
PF IG
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
Vines
Bignonia capreolata
Crossvine
Campsis species + cvs
Trumpet Creeper
Distictis buccinatoria
Blood-red Trumpet Vine
Lonicera species + cvs
Honeysuckle
Podranea ricasoliana
Pink Trumpet Vine
Pyrostegia venusta
Flame Vine
PG
M
M
M
M
M
M
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Agastache species + cvs
Hummingbird Mint
Anigozanthos species + cvs
Kangaroo Paw
Asclepias curassavica
Blood Flower
Cuphea species + cvs
Cigar Plant
Epilobium species + cvs
California Fuchsia
Heuchera species + cvs
Coral Bells
Kniphofia species + cvs
Red-hot Poker
Lobelia laxiflora
NCN
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Sticky Monkey Flower
Mimulus cardinalis
Scarlet Monkey Flower
Penstemon species + cvs
Penstemon
Sphaeralcea ambigua + cvs
Apricot Mallow
Verbena species + cvs
Verbena
PF IG
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
L/VL 2
H/M 2
M 1
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
Above: Cuphea ignea
Below: Aloe striata
PF IG
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
H 1
H 1
H 1
H 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
H 1
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
H/M 2
H/M 2
H/M 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
PF
M/L
M/L
H
H
H
H
H
Plant Lists
Bioswale Plants
IG
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
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Plant Lists
M H PF IG
Japanese Maple
H 1
Flowering Dogwood
M 1
Pacific Dogwood
H/M 2
Paradise Palm
M 1
Sweet Bay
M/L 2
Sweet Olive
M 1
Long-leafed Yellowwood M 1
Lady Palm
M 1
Slender Lady Palm
M 1
Pigmy Date Palm
M 1
Queensland Umbrella Tree M 1
Narrow-leaved Willow
H 1
Arroyo Willow
H 1
Spring Willow
H 1
California Bay H/M 2
Shrubs
M H PF
Abutilon species + cvs
Flowering Maple
H
Aucuba japonica + cvs
Japanese Aucuba
M
Berberis aquifolium + cvs
Oregon Grape
M
Berberis darwinii
Darwin Barberry
M
Berberis japonica var. bealei
Leatherleaf Mahonia
M
Berberis lomariifolia
Chinese Holly Grape
M
Berberis repens
Creeping Barberry
M/L
Berberis thunbergii + cvs
Japanese Barberry
M
Brunfelsia pauciflora + cvs
Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow M
Buxus microphylla + cvs
Japanese Boxwood
M
Buxus sempervirens + cvs
Common Boxwood
M
Calycanthus occidentalis
Spice Bush
M/L
Camellia japonica
Japanese Camellia
M
Camellia reticulata
NCN
M
Camellia sasanqua
NCN
M
Carpenteria californica + cv
Bush Anemone
M/L
Cocculus laurifolius
Laurel-leaf Snail Seed
M
Cornus nuttallii
Pacific Dogwood
H/M
Cornus sericea
Redtwig Dogwood
H/M
Coprosma repens + cvs
Mirror Plant
M
Cotoneaster franchetii
Franchet Cotoneaster
M
Cotoneaster salicifolius + cv
Willowleaf Cotoneaster
M
Fatsia japonica + cv
Japanese Aralia
M
Ficus lyrata
Fiddleleaf Fig
M
Gardenia thunbergia
White Gardenia
M
Hydrangea macrophylla + cvs
Bigleaf Hydrangea
H
Hydrangea quercifolia + cv
Oakleaf Hydrangea
M
Iberis sempervirens + cvs
Evergreen Candytuft
M
Ilex aquifolium + cvs
English Holly
M
Ilex cornuta + cvs
Chinese Holly
M
Ilex vomitoria + cvs
Yaupon
M
Keckiella cordifolia
Heartleaf Penstemon
M/L
Loropetalum chinense + cvs
Fringe Flower
M
Michelia figo
Banana Shrub
M
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
M/L
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
M
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
M
Philadelphus lewisii + cv
Western Mock Orange
M/L
Pittosporum crassifolium + cv
Karo
M
Pittosporum eugenioides + cv
NCN
M
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
M
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
M
Podocarpus henkelii
Long-leafed Yellowwood M
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
M
Rhododendron cultivars
Rhododendron, Azalea
M
Ribes sanguineum + var
Red Flowering Currant
H/M
Ribes viburnifolium
Evergreen Currant
M/L
Ruscus hypoglossum
NCN
M/L
Schefflera actinophylla
Queensland Umbrella Tree M
Schefflera arboricola
Hawaiian Elf Schefflera
H
Schefflera elegantissima
False Aralia
M
Schefflera pueckleri
Mallet Flower
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
IG
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Lists
Above: Liriope
Below: Campanula poscharskyana
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Plant Lists
Container Plants
Virtually any plant can be grown in a container. However,
there are many considerations that often lead to practical
choices for landscapes and gardens. Perhaps the principal
condition to address is limited volume of soil to sustain
plants. This limitation impacts the absorption and retention
of moisture and nutrients, and profoundly restricts many
plants from achieving their potential size. Good drainage
and effective watering techniques are also essential to the
growth and success of container plants.
Succulent plants that can store moisture and need less
organic matter in the soil often do best in containers. This is
particularly true during warm weather conditions that easily
leads to the depletion of soil moisture on a daily basis. Such
plants are better adapted to endure moisture stress and can
grow with unique character with the limitations of soil and
space. Many of the small species of Aloe, Agave, Dudleya,
Echeveria and Sedum also have good potential for use on
green roofs. These plants provide many interesting colors,
shapes and textures, as well as grow slowly enough to last
for several years before needing replacement.
In comparison, non-succulent plants are more susceptible
to wilting, loss of foliage and stem dieback when acute
moisture stress occurs in containers. These plants require
diligent attention to watering throughout the year, as well as
fertilizing to sustain flowering or fruit production. Often it
is desirable to select smaller growing cultivars that do not
mature at large sizes.
Trees
Acer palmatum + cvs
Japanese Maple
Ficus benjamina + cv
Benjamin Fig
Ficus elastica + cvs
Rubber Tree
Ficus lyrata
Fiddleleaf Fig
Pinus mugo
Mugo Pine
Pinus thunbergii + cv
Japanese Black Pine
PF
H
M
M
M
M/L
H/M
IG
1
1
1
1
2
2
PF
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
H
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
H
M
M
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
PF IG
M
M
H
H
H
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
H
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
PF
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
Plant Lists
Container Plants
101
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Section Three
Plant Palettes
There are many steps and considerations to be taken when selecting and combining
plants for landscapes and gardens. Horticultural steps involve careful evaluation of
climate zone conditions, microclimate influences, soil, sun, moisture and wind. Design
steps involve the evaluation and selection of plants to perform environmental, functional
and aesthetic roles regarding the organization and human use of outdoor spaces and
built environments. With these steps and considerations in mind, a plant palette is
developed for landscape or garden use.
Observations made in nature provide a rich foundation for developing horticultural
and design based planting palettes. Plants in nature naturally evolve and establish
self-sustaining associations as they adapt to different climate and habitat conditions,
particularly temperature and moisture. These associations contain a high level of species
diversity and have rich symbiotic relationships between plant roots and mycorrhizal
fungi, bacteria, oxygen, moisture and soil nutrients. These observations suggest that
plant palettes for ornamental landscapes and gardens will be more successful when
they are comprised of a diverse range of species having similar habitat adaptations.
Tupidanthus calyptratus
This section presents a series of horticultural palettes for different landscape and
garden situations. These palettes are organized into basic climate categories, including
woodland, subtropical, Mediterranean and southwestern to emphasize plants with
compatible adaptations and characteristics. Each palette is briefly described in terms
of its design purpose, climate zone suitability, aesthetic character, and moisture needs.
The objective is to provide examples that work with different combinations of climate
zones, plant factors, irrigation groups and plant lists that are presented in Sections
One and Two. A total of 27 palettes are presented. Each palette includes plants with
a range of moisture needs that can be organized into hydrozones and successfully
combined into landscapes and gardens. The Mediterranean and southwestern palettes
provide many examples that particularly suited to conserving water. Each palette is
also intended to be flexible and adaptable tor other design needs and climate zones
reflecting an individuals horticultural knowledge, design skill and understanding of
varying project situations.
Contents
Irrigation Group 1 - Regular Water
Woodland Palettes
Subtropical Palettes
Crape Myrtle
Eastern Redbud
Japanese Black Pine
Japanese Maple
Southern Magnolia
Trees and Turf Grass
Giant Bird of Paradise
Jacaranda
Natal Coral Tree
Queen Palm
Trumpet Tree
104-105
106-107
108-109
110-111
112-113
114-115
116-117
118-119
120-121
122-123
124-125
Southwestern Palettes
126-127
128-129
130-131
132-133
134-135
136-137
138-139
140-141
142-143
133-145
146-147
148-149
150-151
152-153
154-155
156-157
Cycas revoluta
103
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Plant Palette
Crape Myrtle
The crape myrtle palette is designed to include a selection of
plants that add bright colors and traditional planting character
to landscapes and gardens with an emphasis on the summer
season. A wide range of crape myrtle cultivars are available
that offer a variety of sizes, shapes and flower colors. These
are useful in courtyards, entry ways and garden spaces, and
easily grow with a single or multiple trunks. They grow with
a high degree of uniformity and are suited as individual focal
elements as well as for use in large numbers to frame streets
and plaza areas. Increasingly, petite and shrub sized cultivars
are integrated into understory and background plantings to
add flowering impact and winter deciduous character.
Two groups of companion plants can be seen in this palette.
The first group includes attractive foliage plants ranging
from the carrot wood, fern pine, mayten trees to pittosporum
and shiny xylosma. These plants provide handsome texture
and quiet leaf colors to function in background, foundation
and framework areas. The second group of plants adds
more more choices for detail and variety. Lily-of-the-Nile,
coreopsis and common geranium provide intense flower
colors; grasses provide contrasting texture and attractive
inflorescences from mid summer to late fall. Palms bring
strong accent and focal impact to plantings throughout the
year. All plants are widely grown and form a cosmopolitan
palette that is common to both commercial and residential
landscapes. For other plants compatible with this palette,
see the Woodland Garden Plants list on pages 54-55.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Lagerstroemia indica + cvs
Crape Myrtle
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purple-leaf Plum
Prunus caroliniana + cvs
Carolina Laurel Cherry
Pyrus calleryana + cvs
Callery Pear
Sophora japonica
Japanese Pagoda Tree
Shrubs
Abelia Edward Goucher
Edward Goucher Abelia
Abelia x grandiflora + cvs
Glossy Abelia
Berberis thunbergii + cvs
Japanese Barberry
Buddleja davidii + cvs
Butterfly Bush
Choisya ternata
Mexican Orange
Coleonema pulchellum + cv
Pink Breath of Heaven
Cotoneaster horizontalis
Rock Cotoneaster
Elaeagnus x ebbingei + cvs
NCN
Escallonia x exoniensis Frades
Pink Escallonia
Hypericum Hidcote
NCN
Ilex cornuta + cvs
Chinese Holly
Ligustrum japonicum Texanum
Texas Privet
Michelia yunnanensis
NCN
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Photinia x fraseri
Frasers Photinia
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
Rosa Iceberg
Iceberg Rose
Rosa Josephs Coat
Josephs Coat Rose
Rosa mutabilis
Butterfly Rose
Syringa species + cvs
Lilac
Xylosma congestum + cv
Shiny Xylosma
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Alstroemeria hybrids
Alstroemeria
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides
Dwarf Plumbago
Convolvulus sabatius
Ground Morning Glory
Coreopsis grandiflora + cvs
NCN
Coreopsis lanceolata
NCN
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Daylily
Hunnemannia fumariifolia
Mexican Tulip Poppy
Liriope muscari + cvs
Big Blue Lily Turf
Kniphofia uvaria + cvs
Red-hot Poker
Phormium tenax + cvs
New Zealand Flax
Rudbeckia species + cvs
NCN
PG
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PG
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
H
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Cerastium tomentosum
Snow-in-Summer
Hypericum calycinum
Aarons Beard
Rosa Floral Carpet + cvs
Floral Carpet Rose
Thymus species + cvs
Thyme
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Crape Myrtle
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
105
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Plant Palette
Eastern Redbud
The eastern redbud palette brings attention to plants that are
commonly grown for woodland character and suitability
for use in and around lawns. This style of planting often
includes dense groupings of evergreen and deciduous trees
with shade adapted shrubs and ground covers growing below.
The signature species selected for this palette is the eastern
redbud. It grows to medium sizes, 25-35 ft. tall, produces
deep magenta flowers in spring, has rich yellow fall color
and displays an intricate branching character during winter.
One distinctive cultivar, C. c. Forest Pansy has deep purple
new foliage each spring that provides striking garden color.
This palette includes several other deciduous trees that
have canopy growth habits and provide attractive fall color.
All can be planted in lawns as well as mixed shrub plantings
where they receive regular moisture. Their deciduous habit
provides generous summer shade and winter sunlight.
This palette is balanced by the presence of evergreen
trees and shrubs that are also compatible with the character
and needs of woodland garden plantings. These plants are
needed to enclose spaces, add garden structure and support
the special interest value of the trees. For other plants
compatible with this palette, see the Woodland Garden
Plants list on pages 54-55.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Betula nigra
River Birch
Chionanthus retusus
Chinese Fringe Tree
Gleditsia triacanthos + cvs
Honey Locust
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Maytenus boaria
Mayten Tree
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Podocarpus henkelii
Long-leafed Yellowwood
Pyrus calleryana + cvs
Callery Pear
Sapien sebiferum
Chinese Tallow Tree
Sophora japonica
Japanese Pagoda Tree
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Abelia x grandiflora + cvs
Glossy Abelia
Berberis aquifolium + cvs
Oregon Grape
Berberis darwinii
Darwin Barberry
Berberis thunbergii + cvs
Japanese Barberry
Camellia japonica
Japanese Camellia
Camellia reticulata
NCN
Camellia sasanqua
NCN
Chaenomeles japonica
Japanese Flowering Quince
Choisya ternata
Mexican Orange
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Cotoneaster dammeri + cvs
Bearberry Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster horizontalis
Rock Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster lacteus
Red Clusterberry
Cotoneaster salicifolius + cv
Willowleaf Cotoneaster
Hypericum Hidcote
NCN
Hypericum Rowallane
NCN
Ilex aquifolium + cvs
English Holly
Juniperus chinensis + cvs
Chinese Juniper
Juniperus sabina + cvs
Savin Juniper
Juniperus scopulorum + cvs
Rocky Mountain Juniper
Loropetalum chinense + cvs
Fringe Flower
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Prunus caroliniana + cvs
Carolina Laurel Cherry
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
Rhaphiolepis indica + cvs
India Hawthorn
Rhododendron cultivars
Southern Indica Hybrids
Syringa species + cvs
Lilac
Xylosma congestum + cv
Shiny Xylosma
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
IG
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
Vines
Bignonia capreolata
Crossvine
Lonicera x heckrottii
Gold Flame Honeysuckle
Parthenocissus tricuspidata
Boston Ivy
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Japanese Wisteria
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Ajuga reptans + cvs
Carpet Bugle
Liriope spicata
Creeping Lily Turf
Trachelospermum asiaticum
Asiatic Jasmine
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Vinca minor
Dwarf Periwinkle
PF
H
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Eastern Redbud
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
107
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Above: Pinus thunbergii pruned in the foreground and left natural in the background
Below: Osmanthus fragrans
Trees
Chionanthus retusus
Chinese Fringe Tree
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Liquidambar formosana
Chinese Sweet Gum
Pinus thunbergii
Japanese Black Pine
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Ulmus parvifolia + cvs
Chinese Evergreen Elm
Zelkova serrata
Sawleaf Zelkova
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Abelia x grandiflora + cvs
Glossy Abelia
Cotoneaster lacteus
Red Clusterberry
Elaeagnus x ebbingei + cvs
NCN
Ilex aquifolium + cvs
English Holly
Ilex cornuta + cvs
Chinese Holly
Juniperus species + cvs
Juniper
Loropetalum chinense + cvs
NCN
Magnolia stellata
Star Magnolia
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Photinia x fraseri
NCN
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs continued
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
NCN
Viburnum suspensum
Sandankwa Viburnum
Xylosma congestum + cv
Shiny Xylosma
Vines
Bignonia capreolata
Crossvine
Parthenocissus henryana
Silvervein Creeper
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus tricuspidata
Boston Ivy
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Japanese Wisteria
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
Chinese Wisteria
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Liriope muscari + cvs
Big Blue Lilyturf
Liriope muscari Silvery Sunproof
Variegated Lilyturf
Ophiopogon jaburan
White Lilyturf
Ophiopogon japonicum
Mondo Grass
Ophiopogon planiscapus Nigrescens Black Mondo Grass
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Hypericum calycinum
Aarons Beard
Liriope spicata
Creeping Lily Turf
Trachelospermum asiaticum
NCN
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Vinca minor
Dwarf Periwinkle
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Plant Palette
The Japanese black pine plant palette does best with regular
moisture throughout the year. Plants are naturally adapted
to climate zones with cool and moist winters in combination
with warm summers. These conditions are common in many
parts of northern and central California where precipitation
can often meet the moisture needs from December to
February. Relief from extreme sun exposures and heat is
desirable when this palette is used in southern California.
The majority of plants on this list need moderate amounts
of supplemental moisture. The chart below illustrates 4060% of ETo as a baseline for setting irrigation schedules.
The upper part of this range can be used to accommodate
moisture needs for plantings in warmer climate zones with
sunny exposures. The lower part of this range is often
appropriate for established plants and climate zones with
shorter summers and reduced periods of heat.
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
109
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Plant Palette
Japanese Maple
The Japanese maple plant palette can be used to achieve one of
the most refreshing and refined garden plantings of all. This
tree and its many cultivars are widely noted for their foliage
color, fine texture and intricate branching character. It is also
identified as the signature plant of Asian style gardens and is
greatly appreciated when it matures into specimen sizes.
Many other plants work well with the Japanese maple that
provide a diversity of textures, flower colors and fragrances.
Most are native to Asia and have similar horticultural
preferences for organic soils, regular moisture and shelter
from hot and drying conditions. This planting palette is
typically combined with large boulders, water features
comprised of pools and streams and container plants. This
palette is characterized by plants with delicate branching,
fine and soft textures and subtile detail that combine well in
small and quiet spaces.
The Japanese maple and its companion plants have become
so popular in California, that extreme efforts are often made
to improve soils and provide supplemental moisture to
achieve survival and success in difficult areas. When this is
done, it becomes a test of microclimate design and diligent
gardening skills, as well as a challenge to use water resources
wisely. For other plants compatible with this palette, see the
Asian Garden Plants list on pages 56-57.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Acer palmatum + cvs
Japanese Maple
Pinus mugo
Mugo Pine
Pinus thunbergii
Japanese Black Pine
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
Shrubs
Aucuba japonica + cvs
Japanese Aucuba
Berberis japonica var. bealei
Leatherleaf Mahonia
Berberis thunbergii + cvs
Japanese Barberry
Camellia species + cvs
Camellia
Chaenomeles japonica
Japanese Flowering Quince
Fatsia japonica
Japanese Aralia
Gardenia augusta + cvs
Gardenia
Iberis sempervirens + cvs
Evergreen Candytuft
Loropetalum chinense + cvs
Fringe Flower
Magnolia stellata
Star Magnolia
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Rhododendron species + cvs
Rhododendron
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
Perennials
Bergenia cordifolia
Heartleaf Bergenia
Carex praegracilis
Clustered Field Sedge
Clivia miniata
Kaffir Lily
Cuphea hyssopifolia
False Heather
Heuchera species + cvs
Coral Bells
Liriope muscari + cvs
Big Blue Lily Turf
Ophiopogon jaburan
Giant Lily Turf
Sesleria autumnalis
Autumn Moor Grass
Sesleria caerulea
Blue Moor Grass
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bamboo
Bambusa multiplex Alphonse Karr Alphonse Karr Bamboo
Bambusa multiplex Golden Goddess Golden Goddess Bamboo
Phyllostachys nigra
Black Bamboo
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
Ferns
Adiantum capillus-veneris
Southern Maidenhair
Asplenium bulbiferum
Mother Fern
Cyrtomium falcatum
Japanese Holly Fern
Microlepia strigosa
Lace Fern
Polystichum polyblepharum
Japanese Tassel Fern
PF
H
H
M
M
H
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Ajuga reptans + cvs
Carpet Bugle
Duchesnea indica
Indian Mock Strawberry
Juniperus procumbens Nana
Japanese Garden Juniper
Liriope spicata
Creeping Lily Turf
Ophiopogon japonicus + cvs
Mondo Grass
Ophiopogon planiscapus Nigrescens Black Mondo Grass
Solierolia solierolii
Babys Tears
Trachelospermum asiaticum
NCN
Vinca minor
Dwarf Periwinkle
PF
H
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vines
Fatshedera lizei
NCN
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Wisteria floribunda + cvs
Japanese Wisteria
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
Chinese Wisteria
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Japanese Maple
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
111
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Plant Palette
Southern Magnolia
The southern magnolia is one of the principal woodland tree
species of the southeastern United States. It is recognized
throughout its natural range for its handsome evergreen
foliage and remarkably large and fragrant white flowers. It
is highly popular as a shade and lawn tree, and is the state
tree of Mississippi, as well as the state flower of Louisiana.
Introduced into California in the 1860s, southern magnolia
has been planted across the state in parks, along streets
and in commercial landscapes and residential plantings
alike. Mature trees are often some of the most notable
and monumental scale plants in California landscapes. It
is noted for its extensive root system and almost continual
production of leaf, flower and seed pod litter.
This plant palette includes many of the well known tree
species native to the southeastern United States, including
sweet gum, tulip tree and pecan, and from similar Asian
climates, including maidenhair tree, Chinese pistache and
sawleaf zelkova. These trees can be combined together in
large landscapes to establish attractive woodland and foresttype plantings. A rich palette of understory shrubs, ground
covers and vines grow well with these trees. Regular water
is the key to success, particularly when grown in warmer and
drier valley zones and throughout southern California. For
other plants compatible with this palette, see the Woodland
Garden Plants list on pages 54-55.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Aesculus x carnea
Red Horse Chestnut
Carya illinoinensis
Pecan
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Liquidambar species + cvs
Sweet Gum
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip Tree
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Dawn Redwood
Pinus thunbergii
Japanese Black Pine
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purpleleaf Plum
Zelkova serrata
Sawleaf Zelkova
PF
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Abelia x grandiflora + cvs
Glossy Abelia
Aucuba japonica + cvs
Japanese Aucuba
Berberis japonica var bealei
Leatherleaf Mahonia
Camellia japonica + cvs
Japanese Camellia
Chaenomeles japonica
Japanese Flowering Quince
Cotoneaster lacteus + cvs
Red Clusterberry
Fatsia japonica
Japanese Aralia
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Gardenia augusta
Gardenia
Hydrangea macrophylla + cvs
Bigleaf Hydrangea
Hypericum Hidcote + cvs
NCN
Ilex cornuta + cvs
Chinese Holly
Loropetalum chinense + cvs
Fringe Flower
Magnolia x soulangeana + cvs
Saucer Magnolia
Magnolia stellata
Star Magnolia
Nandina domestica + cvs
Heavenly Bamboo
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Photinia x fraseri
Fraser Photinia
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Prunus laurocerasus + cvs
English Laurel
Rhaphiolepis indica + cvs
India Hawthorn
Rhododendron species + cvs
Rhododendron
Syringa species + cvs
Lilac
Viburnum rhytidophyllum
Leatherleaf Viburnum
Xylosma congestum
Shiny Xylosma
PF
H
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vines
Clematis armandii
Evergreen Clematis
Bignonia capreolata
Crossvine
Gelsemium sempervirens
Carolina Jessamine
Lonicera x heckrottii
Gold Flame Honeysuckle
Lonicera sempervirens
Trumpet Honeysuckle
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus tricuspidata
Boston Ivy
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Wisteria sinensis + cvs
Chinese Wisteria
PG
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Bergenia species + cvs
Bergenia
Cyrtomium falcatum
Japanese Holly Fern
Cyrtomium fortunei
NCN
Dianella tasmanica + cvs
Flax Lily
Big Blue Lily Turf
Liriope muscari + cvs
Ophiopogon jaburan
Giant Lily Turf
Ophiopogon japonicus + cvs
Mondo Grass
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Duchesnea indica
Indian Mock Strawberry
Hypericum calycinum
Aarons Beard
Liriope spicata
Creeping Lily Turf
Trachelospermum asiaticum
NCN
Trachelospermum jasminoides
Star Jasmine
Vinca minor
Dwarf Periwinkle
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Southern Magnolia
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
113
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Plant Palette
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
PF
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
M 1
M 1
Compatible trees
Aesculus x carnea
Red Horse Chestnut
Alnus species
Alder
Acer platanoides
Norway Maple
Carya illinoinensis
Pecan
Cercis canadensis + cvs
Eastern Redbud
Cinnamomum camphora
Camphor
Cryptomeria japonica + cvs
Japanese Cedar
Ginkgo biloba + cvs
Maidenhair Tree
Gleditsia triacanthos + cvs
Honey Locust
Hymenosporum flavum
Sweetshade Tree
Koelreuteria paniculata
Goldenrain Tree
Lagerstroemia indica + cvs
Crape Myrtle
Liquidambar species + cvs
Sweet Gum
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip Tree
Magnolia grandiflora + cvs
Southern Magnolia
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Dawn Redwood
Platanus x acerifolia + cvs
London Plane Tree
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
Prunus cerasifera + cvs
Purple-leaf Plum
Sequoia sempervirens + cvs
Coast Redwood
Taxodium distichum
Bald Cypress
Ulmus parvifolia
Evergreen Elm
Zelkova serrata
Sawleaf Zelkova
PF
M
H
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Horticultural Preferences
Horticultural Preferences
Fern Pine
Cape Chestnut
Gold Medallion Tree
Carrot Wood
Natal Coral Tree
Benjamin Fig
Moreton Bay Fig
Rustyleaf Fig
Sweetshade
Jacaranda
Kaffir Plum
Flaxleaf Paperbark
Cajeput Tree
Prickly Paperbark
Firewheel Tree
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
M 1
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
ETo
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
PF
115
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Bauhinia x blakeana
Hong Kong Orchid Tree
Calodendrum capense
Cape Chestnut
Cassia leptophylla
Gold Medallion Tree
Chorisia speciosa
Silk Floss Tree
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Caribbean Copper Plant
Ficus benjamina + cv
Benjamin Fig
Harpephyllum caffrum
Kaffir Plum
Psidium guajava
Yellow Guava
Schefflera actinophylla
Queensland Umbrella Tree
Stenocarpus sinuatus
Firewheel Tree
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs
Brugmansia species + cvs
Angels Trumpet
Brunfelsia pauciflora + cvs
Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow
Calliandra haematocephala + cv
Pink Powder Puff
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Caribbean Copper Plant
Ficus lyrata
Fiddleleaf Fig
Gardenia thunbergia
White Gardenia
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Chinese Hibiscus
Iochroma cyaneum
NCN
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Jasminum laurifolium nitidum
Angelwing Jasmine
Justicia brandegeana + cv
Shrimp Plant
Michelia figo
Banana Shrub
Monstera deliciosa
Split-leaf Philodendron
Philodendron bipinnatifidum + cvs Tree Philodendron
Plumeria species + cvs
Frangipani
Psidium guajava
Yellow Guava
Schefflera arboricola
Hawaiian Elf Schefflera
Solanum rantonnetii + cv.
Paraguay Nightshade
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Tibouchina heteromalla
NCN
Tibouchina urvilleana
Princess Flower
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vines
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Petrea volubilis
Queens Wreath Vine
Rhoicissus capensis
Evergreen Grape
Solandra maxima
Cup-of-Gold Vine
Solanum seaforthianum
Brazilian Nightshade
Solanum wendlandii
Costa Rican Nightshade
Thunbergia gregorii
Orange Clock Vine
PF
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Canna cultivars
Canna
Cuphea species + cvs
Cuphea
Ensete ventricosum + cv
Abyssinian Banana
Felicia amelloides
Blue Marguerite
Hedychium species + cvs
Ginger Lily
Pelargonium species + cvs
Geranium
Strelitzia nicolai
Giant Bird of Paradise
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
PF
M
H
M
H
M
H
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Reference evapotranspiration for Plant Climate Zones 2224 ranges from 44-52 in. each year. Normal winter rainfall
can often meet most of the moisture needs of this palette
from December to February. However, some wintertime
irrigation can be desirable to provide moisture during
winter dry spells and drought years. Regular supplemental
irrigation is recommended throughout spring and summer to
sustain seasonal growth and flowering, but can be reduced
by mid to late summer to avoid late season growth that can
be sensitive to frost.
The chart below illustrates a supplemental moisture range
of 40-60% of ETo as a baseline for setting irrigation schedules
for this palette. The moisture curve follows the profile of
reference evapotranspiration until late summer and then it
is reduced to bring an end to active growth for most plants
before the occurrence of seasonal frosts.
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
117
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Plant Palette
Jacaranda
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Afrocarpus gracilior
Fern Pine
Bauhinia forficata
Brazilian Butterfly Tree
Bauhinia variegata + cv
Purple Orchid Tree
Cassia leptophylla
Gold Medallion Tree
Ficus macrophylla
Moreton Bay Fig
Ficus rubiginosa
Rustyleaf Fig
Harpephyllum caffrum
Kaffir Plum
Hymenosporum flavum
Sweetshade
Jacaranda mimosifolia + cv
Jacaranda
Michelia champaca
Champaca
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs
Bauhinia galpinii
Red Bauhinia
Brunfelsia pauciflora + cvs
Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow
Calliandra haematocephala + cv
Pink Powder Puff
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Chinese Hibiscus
Iochroma cyaneum
NCN
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Justicia brandegeana + cv
Shrimp Plant
Psidium species + cvs
Guava
Roldana petasitis
Velvet Groundsel
Schefflera elegantissima
NCN
Schefflera pueckleri
NCN
Solanum rantonnetii + cv
Nightshade
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Tibouchina urvilleana
Princess Flower
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Cuphea hyssopifolia
False Heather
Cuphea ignea
Cigar Plant
Cuphea x purpurea
Bat-faced Cuphea
Felicia amelloides
Blue Marguerite
Helichrysum petiolare + cvs
Licorice Plant
Pelargonium species + cvs
Geranium
Russelia equisetiformis
Coral Fountain
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vines
Antigonon leptopus + cvs
Coral Vine
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Cissus rhombifolia + cvs
Grape Ivy
Distictis species + cvs
Trumpet Vine
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle
Pandorea jasminoides + cvs
Bower Vine
Podranea ricasoliana
Pink Trumpet Vine
Solandra maxima
Cup-of-Gold Vine
Solanum seaforthianum
Brazilian Nightshade
Solanum wendlandii
Costa Rican Nightshade
Thunbergia alata + cv
Black-eyed Susan
Thunbergia grandiflora
Sky Flower
Vigna caracalla
Snail Vine
PF
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Jacaranda
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
119
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Calodendrum capense
Cape Chestnut
Erythrina humeana
Natal Coral Tree
Leucadendron argenteum
Silver Tree
Podocarpus henkelii
Long-leafed Yellowwood
Podocarpus latifolius
Yellowwood
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Anisodontea x hypomandarum + cvs Cape Mallow
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Coleonema species + cv
Breath of Heaven
Euryops pectinatus + cv
Euryops
Gardenia thunbergia
White Gardenia
Leucadendron cultivars
NCN
Leucospermum species + cvs
Pincushion
Myrsine africana
African Boxwood
Plecostachys serpyllifolia
NCN
Plumbago auriculata
Cape Plumbago
Polygala x dalmaisiana
Sweet-pea Shrub
Polygala fruticosa Petite Butterflies NCN
Tecoma capensis + cvs
Cape Honeysuckle
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
IG
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
Aesthetic Character
Vines
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Jasminum tortuosum
Twisted Jasmine
Rhoicissus capensis
PF IG
M 1
M 1
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Agapanthus
Bulbine frutescens + cv
NCN
Chondropetalum elephantinum
Large Cape Rush
Chondropetalum tectorum
Small Cape Rush
Dietes grandiflora + cvs
Fortnight Lily
Kniphofia uvaria + cvs
Red-hot Poker
Osteospermum jucundum
NCN
Rhodocoma species
NCN
Strelitzia nicolai
Giant Bird of Paradise
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
Tulbaghia simmleri
Sweet Wild Garlic
Tulbaghia violacea + cvs
Society Garlic
PF
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
L
M
M
M
M
M
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Ground Covers
Arctotis aucaulis + cvs
African Daisy
Carissa macrocarpa Prostrata
Prostrate Natal Plum
Dymondia margaretae
Silver Carpet
Gazania species + cvs
Gazania
Osteospermum fruticosum
Trailing African Daisy
PF
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IG
2
1
2
2
2
Plant Palette
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
L/VL
20%
121
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Plant Palette
Queen Palm
The queen palm is native to Brazil and has become a staple
choice for landscapes and gardens of all types and sizes
throughout central and southern California, from coastal,
adjacent inland and valley areas. While it is a hardy
subtropical species, it reaches its limit of tolerability in
zones where temperatures consistently drop below 25F
each year. It has proven quite easy to grow, is robust and
attractive in character and can fit large and tight spaces alike.
All of these qualities have contributed to its popularity and
widespread use.
The queen palm is an ideal tree for subtropical plantings.
The combination of soft deep green foliage and picturesque
form produces a lush and distinctive character. Many other
plants adapted to mild climate conditions can be combined
with this palm to enhance the subtropical theme as well as
add color and detail in understory and small planter spaces.
This palette has been designed to use the queen palm as a
focal element in landscapes and gardens. It is suited to large
scale and residential spaces alike. Its upright habit, clean
solitary trunks and 30-40 ft. height range makes it useful for
group plantings as well as for sentry and solitary accent uses.
All of these plants have been selected from the Subtropical
Garden Plants list located on pages 52-53.
Horticultural Preferences
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
Trees
Chorisia speciosa
Silk Floss Tree
Ficus benjamina + cv
Benjamin Fig
Ficus macrophylla
Moreton Bay Fig
Ficus microcarpa
Indian Laurel Fig
Ficus rubiginosa
Rustyleaf Fig
Schefflera actinophylla
Queensland Umbrella Tree
Stenocarpus sinuatus
Firewheel Tree
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Golden Trumpet Tree
Tabebuia impetiginosa
Pink Trumpet Tree
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Bauhinia galpinii
Red Bauhinia
Brugmansia species + cvs
Angels Trumpet
Brunfelsia pauciflora + cvs
Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Calliandra haematocephala + cv
Pink Powder Puff
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis + cvs
Chinese Hibiscus
Jasminum laurifolium nitidum
Angelwing Jasmine
Justicia brandegeana + cv
Shrimp Plant
Philodendron species + cvs
Philodendron
Plumeria species + cvs
Frangipani
Psidium species + cvs
Guava
Schefflera arboricola
Hawaiian Elf Schefflera
Schefflera elegantissima
NCN
Schefflera pueckleri
NCN
Solanum rantonnetii + cv
Nightshade
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Thevetia thevetioides
Giant Thevetia
Tibouchina heteromalla
NCN
Tibouchina urvilleana
Princess Flower
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vines
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bougainvillea species + cvs
Bougainvillea
Cissus antarctica
Kangaroo Treebine
Distictis Rivers
Royal Trumpet Vine
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle
Monstera deliciosa
Split-leaf Philodendron
Pandorea jasminoides
Bower Vine
Petrea volubilis
Queens Wreath Vine
Podranea ricasoliana
Pink Trumpet Vine
Rhoicissus capensis
Evergreen Grape
Solandra maxima
Cup-of-Gold Vine
Solanum wendlandii
Costa Rican Nightshade
Thunbergia grandiflora
Sky Flower
PF
M
M/L
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Agapanthus africanus + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Billbergia nutans
Queens Tears
Canna cultivars
Canna
Cuphea hyssopifolia
False Heather
Cuphea ignea
Cigar Plant
Felicia amelloides
Blue Marguerite
Hedychium species + cvs
Ginger Lily
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Daylily
Pelargonium species + cvs
Geranium
Strelitzia nicolai
Giant Bird of Paradise
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
PF
M
H
H
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Queen Palm
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
The annual ETo range for Plant Climate Zones 19-24 varies
from 44-52 in. each year. Normal winter rainfall can often
meet most moisture needs of this palette from December to
February. However, wintertime irrigation is often desirable
to provide moisture during winter dry spells and drought
years. Regular supplemental irrigation is recommended
through spring and summer to sustain seasonal growth and
flowering. Irrigation can be reduced by mid to late summer
to avoid late season growth that can be sensitive to frost.
The chart below illustrates a supplemental moisture range
of 40-60% of ETo as a baseline for setting irrigation schedules
for this palette. The moisture curve follows the profile of
reference evapotranspiration until late summer and then it
is reduced to bring an end to active growth for most plants
before late fall.
ETo
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
123
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Plant Palette
Trumpet Tree
The trumpet tree palette is designed to explore ideas
regarding the influence of flower color in selecting plants for
landscapes and gardens. Flowers are often a dominant reason
for selecting plants. They can easily have a disproportionate
influence in planting design, sometimes resulting in
horticultural and aesthetic conflicts. Horticultural issues can
be addressed by reviewing lists of native, Mediterranean,
subtropical and southwestern plants to observe the range of
flower colors and to check for climate zone and moisture
compatibility. From an aesthetic perspective, it is desirable
to select a hue that provides continuity and harmony. Other
complementary colors can be added to provide variety and
contrast without being incongruent and chaotic.
The trumpet tree palette comes from the Subtropical
Garden Plants list located on pages 54-55 to choose plants
with similar temperature and moisture requirements. Two
species of trumpet tree have been selected; one offers deep
pink flowers and the other lemon-yellow. These colors are
not congruent and species should be planted in separate areas
where each can provide a basis for selecting companion
plants. Pink trumpet tree can be combined with plants having
blended and pastel flower colors, while golden trumpet tree
can be complemented by pure, primary colors, including
white, blue and red. Many of the companion shrubs and
perennials in this palette such as bougainvillea, kangaroo
paw, lantana and lily-of-the-Nile have cultivars with flower
colors that work with either color theme.
Horticultural Preferences
Below: Both the red flowering bougainvillea and red curb are
incongruent with the pink flowering trumpet tree.
Trees
Jacaranda mimosifolia + cv
Jacaranda
Podocarpus henkelii
Long-leafed Yellowwood
Schefflera actinophylla
Queensland Umbrella Tree
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Golden Trumpet Tree
Tabebuia impetiginosa
Pink Trumpet Tree
PF
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Bauhinia galpinii
Red Bauhinia
Bougainvillea species + cvs
Bougainvillea
Brugmansia species + cvs
Angels Trumpet
Calliandra haematocephala + cv
Pink Powder Puff
Gardenia thunbergia
White Gardenia
Iochroma cyaneum
NCN
Jasminum angulare
South African Jasmine
Polygala x dalmaisiana
Sweet-pea Shrub
Polygala fruticosa Petite Butterflies NCN
Solanum rantonnetii + cv
Nightshade
Thevetia peruviana
Yellow Oleander
Tibouchina heteromalla
NCN
Tibouchina urvilleana
Princess Flower
PF
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Aesthetic Character
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Argyranthemum frutescens + cvs Marguerite Daisy
Convolvulus cneorum
Bush Morning Glory
Convolvulus sabatius
Ground Morning Glory
Coreopsis grandiflora + cvs
NCN
Coreopsis lanceolata
NCN
Cuphea ignea
Cigar Plant
Cuphea x purpurea
Bat-faced Cuphea
Dietes grandiflora + cvs
Fortnight Lily
Felicia amelloides
Blue Marguerite
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Daylily
Kniphofia uvaria + cvs
Red-hot Poker
Osteospermum species + cvs
African Daisy
Pelargonium species + cvs
Geranium
Thymus species + cvs
Thyme
Tulbaghia simmleri
Sweet Wild Garlic
Tulbaghia violacea + cvs
Society Garlic
Verbena x hybrida
Garden Verbena
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ground Covers
Bougainvillea cultivars
Bougainvillea
Carissa macrocarpa Prostrata
Prostrate Natal Plum
Festuca glauca + cvs
Blue Fescue
Gazania species + cvs
Gazania
Lantana montevidensis + cv
Trailing Lantana
Rosa Floral Carpet + cvs
Floral Carpet Rose
PF
M/L
M
M
M
M/L
M
IG
2
1
1
1
2
1
Vines
Antigonon leptopus + cvs
Coral Vine
Beaumontia grandiflora
Easter Lily Vine
Bougainvillea cultivars
Bougainvillea
Distictis Rivers
Royal Trumpet Vine
Lonicera hildebrandiana
Giant Burmese Honeysuckle
Pandorea jasminoides
Bower Vine
Petrea volubilis
Queens Wreath Vine
Podranea ricasoliana
Pink Trumpet Vine
Solandra maxima
Cup-of-Gold Vine
Solanum wendlandii
Costa Rican Nightshade
Thunbergia grandiflora
Sky Flower
PF
M
M
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Trumpet Tree
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
Reference evapotranspiration for Plant Climate Zones 1924 ranges from 44-52 in. each year. Normal winter rainfall
in these zones can often meet most of the moisture needs
of this palette from December to February. However,
wintertime irrigation is often desirable during winter dry
spells and drought years. Regular supplemental irrigation
is recommended through spring and summer to sustain
seasonal growth and flowering. Irrigation can be reduced by
mid to late summer to avoid late season growth that can be
sensitive to frost.
The chart below illustrates a supplemental moisture
range of 40-60% of ETo as a baseline for setting irrigation
schedules for this palette. The moisture curve follows the
profile of reference evapotranspiration until late summer and
then it is reduced to bring an end to active growth for most
plants before fall. Species with long flowering seasons such
as bougainvillea and lantana produce more intensive floral
displays with less water in mid to late summer.
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
125
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Arbutus unedo
Strawberry Tree
Cupressus sempervirens
Italian Cypress
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Palm
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
Quercus engelmannii
Engelmann Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Shrubs
Arctostaphylos manzanita Dr. Hurd Dr. Hurd Manzanita
Artemisia Powis Castle
NCN
Bougainvillea Rosenka
Rosenka Bougainvillea
Caryopteris x clandonensis
Blue Mist
Citrus cultivars
Kumquat, Lemon, Orange
Cistus Sunset
NCN
Cistus x purpureus
Orchid Rockrose
Cistus Victor Reiter
NCN
Echium candicans + cv
Pride of Madeira
Lavandula angustifolia
English Lavender
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Leonotis leonurus
Lions Tail
Myrtus communis + cvs
True Myrtle
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Phlomis fruticosa
Jerusalem Sage
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Salvia leucantha + cv
Mexican Bush Sage
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavender Cotton
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
PF IG
L/VL 2
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Perennials
PF IG
Achillea Moonshine
Yellow Yarrow
M/L 2
Cordyline australis Red Sensation Red Sensation Dracaena
M 1
Dietes species + cvs
Fortnight Lily
M 1
Euphorbia characias + ssp
Large Mediterranean Spurge M/L 2
Nepeta x faassenii
Catmint
M 1
Penstemon eatonii
Firecracker Penstemon
L/VL 2
Romneya coulteri White Cloud
White Cloud Matilija Poppy L/VL 2
Salvia officinalis + cvs
Garden Sage
M/L 2
Stachys byzantina
Lambs Ear
M/L 2
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
M 1
Ground Covers
Arctotis acaulis Big Magenta
NCN
Drosanthemum floribundum
Rosea Ice Plant
Gazania species + cvs
Gazania
Lantana montevidensis + cvs
Trailing Lantana
Senecio talinoides ssp. mandraliscae NCN
Stachys byzantina
Lambs Ear
Rosmarinus officinalis Prostratus
Prostrate Rosemary
PF
M/L
L/VL
M/L
M/L
L/VL
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Plant Palette
The annual ETo for Plant Climate Zones 19-24 ranges from 4452 in. each year. Winter rainfall can often meet the moisture
needs of this palette from December to February. However,
some wintertime irrigation may be desirable to provide
moisture during winter dry spells and drought years.
Plants on this list have a range of moisture needs from
moderate to very low that can be addressed by organizing
them into hydrozones and microclimates. The chart below
illustrates the full range of supplemental moisture needs for this
palette. The higher end of the range applies mostly to trees
and shrubs, as well as for newer plantings. The lower part
of the range represents the needs of agaves, aloes, cacti and
yuccas as well as for plantings in coastal areas with lower
summer temperatures. Reduced irrigation is recommended
during the summer months to enable plants in ornamental
landscapes and gardens to retain good character without
stimulating excessive levels of growth.
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
127
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Plant Palette
Management Practices
Above: A mature coast live oak grouping growing without understory plants or
supplemental irrigation within their canopies. These trees have been preserved in
place without attempting to landscape around them.
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Grading Practices
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Plant Palette
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
129
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Above: A classic Mediterranean planting with mature Nerium oleander, Dracaena draco
and Cupressus sempervirens, Santa Barbara.
Trees
Arbutus unedo
Strawberry Tree
Cupressus sempervirens + cvs
Italian Cypress
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree
Laurus nobilis
Sweet Bay
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Palms
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Jubaea chilensis
Chilean Wine Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
Shrubs
Arbutus unedo Compacta
Compact Strawberry Tree
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn
McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita Dr. Hurd Manzanita
Cistus Sunset
NCN
Cistus x purpureus
Orchid Rockrose
Cistus Victor Reiter
NCN
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
IG
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Lavandula dentata
French lavender
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Phlomis fruticosa
Jerusalem Sage
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Cleveland Sage
Salvia greggii + cvs
Autumn Sage
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavender Cotton
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
Viburnum tinus + cvs
Laurustinus
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Vines
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Jasminum humile
Italian Jasmine
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
Hedge Plants
Myrtus communis + cvs
True Myrtle
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
PF
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
1
2
2
2
Perennials
Centaurea cineraria
Dusty Miller
Dietes vegeta Variegata
Varegated Fortnight Lily
Euphorbia characias + ssp
Large Mediterranean Spurge
Helianthemum cultivars
Rock Rose
Helichrysum italicum
Curry Plant
Stachys byzantina
Lambs Ear
Teucrium cossonii majoricum
NCN
Teucrium x lucidrys Prostrata
NCN
Thymus species + cvs
Thyme
PF
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
IG
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
Grasses
Festuca glauca + cvs
Blue Fescue
Helictotrichon sempervirens + cvs Blue Oat Grass
Muhlenbergia rigens
Deer Grass
Stipa gigantea
Giant Feather Grass
PF
M
M
M/L
M
IG
1
1
2
1
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Plant Palette
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
131
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Plant Palette
Lemon-scented Gum
Lemon-scented gum is considered by many people to be
the most elegant evergreen tree grown in California. This
is due to its tall and elegant trunk and slender branches
that are covered with smooth cream colored bark. Mature
trees provide good skyline character with an open canopy
of foliage that allows both the branching and background
to be visible. Its common name comes from the distinctive
fragrance exuded by crushed leaves.
Like other species of eucalyptus native to Australia, the
lemon-scented gum is widely adapted to Mediterranean
climate conditions found in many parts of California. It
grows best with regular moisture during winter and spring,
and easily adapts to reduced summer moisture. It becomes a
large tree over time, requiring ample space.
This plant palette is comprised of plants suited to large
scale spaces in parks, greenbelts and on slopes. Many of the
trees become prominent skyline features when they mature
and are very effective in creating a strong landscape presence
throughout most communities. Associated shrubs and
understory plants are selected for their usefulness in large
masses to cover expansive spaces and tolerate the abundance
of leaves, bark and needles that fall from the trees.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Brachychiton discolor
Queensland Lacebark
Cedrus deodara + cvs
Deodar Cedar
Eucalyptus citriodora
Lemon-scented Gum
Eucalyptus cladocalyx
Sugar Gum
Eucalyptus sideroxylon + cv
Red Ironbark
Grevillea robusta
Silky Oak
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Melaleuca styphelioides
Prickly Paperbark
Pinus canariensis
Canary Island Pine
Quercus ilex
Holm Oak
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
Shrubs
Acacia redolens + cv
Prostrate Acacia
Acacia cultriformis
Knife Acacia
Cocculus laurifolius
Laurel-leaf Snail Seed
Cotoneaster lacteus
Red Clusterberry
Dodonaea viscosa + cvs
Hopseed Bush
Elaeagnus pungens + cvs
Silverberry
Eucalyptus conferruminata
Bushy Yate
Galvezia speciosa + cv
Island Bush Snapdragon
PF
L/VL
L/VL
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Grevillea Canberra Gem
NCN
Grevillea Noelii
NCN
Grevillea Poorinda Constance
NCN
Grevillea victoriae
Royal Grevillea
Jasminum mesnyi
Primrose Jasmine
Juniperus chinensis Sea Green
NCN
Juniperus chinensis var sargentii
Sargent Juniper
Juniperus x pfitzeriana Aurea
NCN
Juniperus x pfitzeriana Glauca
NCN
Juniperus sabina Broadmoor
NCN
Juniperus sabina Tamariscifolia
Tamarix Juniper
Lantana camara + cvs
Yellow Sage
Leptospermum laevigatum + cv
Australian Tea Tree
Melaleuca armillaris
Drooping Melaleuca
Photinia x fraseri
Fraser Photinia
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
Plumbago auriculata
Cape Plumbago
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Rhamnus californica + cvs
California Coffeeberry
Rhus ovata
Sugar Bush
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Tecoma capensis + cvs
Cape Honeysuckle
Xylosma congestum + cv
Shiny Xylosma
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
Ground Covers
Baccharis pilularis + cvs
Coyote Brush
Bougainvillea spectabilis + cvs
Bougainvillea
Lantana montevidensis + cv
Trailing Lantana
Lonicera japonica Halliana
Halls Honeysuckle
Myoporum x Pacifica
NCN
Rosmarinus officinalis Prostratus
Prostrate Rosemary
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
IG
2
2
2
1
1
2
Plant Palette
Lemon-scented Gum
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
The average ETo for Plant Climate Zones 15-24 ranges from
44-52 in. each year. Winter rainfall can often meet moisture
needs of this palette from December to February, particularly
in Zones 15-17. However, some wintertime irrigation may
be desirable during winter dry spells and drought years.
Plants listed in the lemon-scented gum palette have
a range of moisture needs from moderate to low that can
be addressed by organizing them into hydrozones and
microclimates. As shown by this chart, reduced irrigation
is recommended during summer months; this will enable
plants in ornamental landscapes and gardens to retain good
character without stimulating excessive levels of growth.
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
133
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
PF IG
Eucalyptus ficifolia
Red-flowering Gum
M/L 2
Dracaena draco
Dragon Tree
L/VL 2
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
M 1
Metrosideros excelsus
New Zealand Christmas Tree M/L 2
Shrubs
Artemisia Powis Castle
NCN
Arctostaphylos edmundsii + cvs
Little Sur Manzanita
Arctostaphylos hookeri + cvs
Monterey Manzanita
Ceanothus gloriosus + cvs
Point Reyes Ceanothus
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. griseus
Carmel Creeper
Echium candicans + cv
Pride of Madeira
Encelia californica + cv
Coastal Encelia
Galvezia speciosa + cv
Island Bush Snapdragon
Hakea suaveolens
Sweet-scented Hakea
Leucadendron Cloudbank Ginny
NCN
Leucadendron Safari Sunset
NCN
Leucospermum catherinae
Catherine Wheel Pincushion
Leucospermum cordifolium + cvs
Nodding Pincushion
Lavatera assurgentiflora + cv
Tree Mallow
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Lavatera maritima
Sea Mallow
Melaleuca armillaris
Drooping Melaleuca
Melaleuca nesophila
Pink Melaleuca
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Santolina chamaecyparissus + cvs
Lavender Cotton
Westringia fruticosa + cvs
Coast Rosemary
Westringia Wynyabbie Gem
NCN
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Plant Palette
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
135
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Plant Palette
Oak Tree
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus ilex
Holm Oak
Quercus lobata
Valley Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
Shrubs
Arbutus unedo Compacta
Compact Strawberry Tree
Arctostaphylos bakeri Louis Edmunds Louis Edmunds Manzanita
Arctostaphylos edmundsii + cvs
Little Sur Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Emerald Carpet
Emerald Carpet Manzanita
Arctostaphylos hookeri + cvs
Monterey Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn
McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Lester Roundtree
Lester Roundtree Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita + cvs
Parry Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Pacific Mist
Pacific Mist Manzanita
Arctostaphylos pumila
Dune Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Sunset
Sunset Manzanita
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Ceanothus Concha
Concha Ceanothus
Ceanothus Dark Star
Dark Star Ceanothus
Ceanothus Frosty Blue
Frosty Blue Ceanothus
Ceanothus Joyce Coulter
Joyce Coulter Ceanothus
Ceanothus Julia Phelps
Julia Phelps Ceanothus
Ceanothus Ray Hartman
Ray Hartman Ceanothus
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus v. griseus
Carmel Ceanothus
Ceanothus Wheeler Canyon
Wheeler Canyon Ceanothus
Cistus Blanche
NCN
Cistus x pulverulenta Sunset
NCN
Cistus x purpureus
Orchid Rockrose
Cistus x skanbergii
NCN
Cistus Victor Reiter
NCN
Dendromecon harfordii
Island Bush Poppy
Eriogonum arborescens
Santa Cruz Island Buckwheat
Eriogonum giganteum
St. Catherines Lace
Eriogonum fasciculatum + cvs
Common Buckwheat
Heteromeles arbutifolia + cvs
Toyon
Lavandula angustifolia
English Lavender
Lavandula dentata
French lavender
Lavandula Goodwin Creek Gray
NCN
Lavandula x intermedia + cvs
Lavadin
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Rhamnus californica + cvs
California Coffeeberry
Rhus lentii
Pink Flowering Sumac
Rhus ovata
Sugar Bush
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage
Salvia clevelandii + cvs
Cleveland Sage
Salvia greggii + cvs
Autumn Sage
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Ground Covers
Baccharis pilularis Pigeon Point
Pigeon Point Coyote Brush
Baccharis pilularis Twin Peaks #2
Twin Peaks #2 Coyote Brush
Cistus salviifolius
Sageleaf Rockrose
Iva hayesiana
Hayes Iva
Rosmarinus officinalis Prostrata
Prostrate Rosemary
Salvia Bees Bliss
Bees Bliss Sage
Salvia Mrs. Beard
Mrs. Beard Sage
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Plant Palette
Oak Tree
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
137
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Plant Palette
Olive
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Arbutus unedo + cvs
Strawberry Tree
Cupressus sempervirens + cvs
Italian Cypress
Laurus nobilis
Sweet Bay
Olea europaea + cvs
Olive
Pinus pinea
Italian Stone Pine
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Palms
Chamaerops humilis
Mediterranean Fan Palm
Phoenix canariensis
Canary Island Date Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
PF
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
Shrubs
Arbutus unedo Compacta
Compact Strawberry Tree
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn
McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita Dr. Hurd Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Sunset
Sunset Manzanita
Cistus x pulverulentus Sunset
NCN
Cistus x purpureus
Orchid Rockrose
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Cistus Victor Reiter
NCN
Echium candicans + cv
Pride of Madeira
Lavandula Goodwin Creek Grey
NCN
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender
Leptospermum laevigatum
Australian Tea Tree
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Ruscus aculeatus
Butchers Broom
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage
Salvia leucantha + cv
Mexican Bush Sage
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavender Cotton
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
Viburnum tinus + cvs
Laurustinus
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Hedge Plants
Myrtus communis + cvs
True Myrtle
Nerium oleander + cvs
Oleander
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
PF
M
M/L
M/L
Perennials
Achillea Moonshine
Yellow Yarrow
Centaurea gymnocarpa
Velvet Centaurea
Euphorbia characias wulfenii
NCN
Helichrysum italicum
Curry Plant
Perovskia atriplicifolia
Russian Sage
Romneya coulteri + cv
Matilija Poppy
Stachys byzantina
Lambs Ear
Teucrium x lucidrys + cv
Wall Germander
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
IG
1
2
2
Plant Palette
Olive
The average annual ETo for Plant Climate Zones 8-9 ranges
from 56-58 in. and 44-52 in. in Zones 19-24, resulting in
different water budgets for these zones. Winter rainfall can
often meet the moisture needs of this palette from December
to February. However, some wintertime irrigation may be
desirable during winter dry spells and drought years.
The chart below illustrates the full range of supplemental
moisture needs for this palette. Reduced irrigation is
recommended during summer months to enable plants in
ornamental landscapes and gardens to retain good character
without stimulating excessive levels of growth. These plants
can grow together when they are organized into hydrozones
with separate irrigation systems. The higher end of the range
applies mostly to trees and shrubs, as well as for newer
plantings. The lower part of the range represents the needs
of agaves, aloes, cacti and succulents as well as for plantings
in coastal areas with lower summer temperatures.
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
139
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Plant Palette
Prickly Paperbark
This palette brings attention to plants that are highly adapted
to warm climate conditions found throughout Plant Climate
Zones 19-24 in southern California. The emphasis is placed
on paperbark and bottle brush tees from Australia that are
naturally adapted to coastal habitats and both wet and dry
conditions. This range of temperature and moisture tolerance
makes them well suited for areas around warm season turf
grasses in traditional landscape and garden plantings. At the
same time, the combination of shade, litter and surface root
growth makes these trees best suited to perimeter areas and
among shrubs and ground covers.
The list of trees is complemented with a variety of shrubs,
ground covers, perennials and vines that are also adapted to
planter areas around turf grass. These plants provide good
foliage and seasonal color variations that can be grouped in
layers and foundation type plantings.
A review of the plant factors indicates variations in
moisture needs among the plants in this palette. These plants
can grow together when they are organized into hydrozones
and microclimates, and sustained with separate irrigation
systems. The charts on the opposite page show the baseline
supplemental moisture profile for these groups of plants that
can be used as a guide to set irrigation schedules.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Callistemon citrinus + cvs
Lemon Bottlebrush
Callistemon viminalis + cvs
Weeping Bottlebrush
Cupaniopsis anacardioides
Carrot Wood
Melaleuca decussata
Totem Poles
Melaleuca linariifolia
Flaxleaf Paperbark
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Melaleuca styphelioides
Prickly Paperbark
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
M 1
Shrubs
Alyogyne huegelii + cvs
Blue Hibiscus
Carissa macrocarpa + cvs
Natal Plum
Escallonia bifida
White Escallonia
Escallonia x exoniensis Frades
Pink Escallonia
Escallonia Newport Dwarf
NCN
Escallonia Red Elf
NCN
Escallonia rubra
Red Escallonia
Grevillea lavandulaceae + cvs
Lavender Grevillea
Grevillea Noelii
NCN
Grevillea Poorinda Constance
NCN
Grevillea Robyn Gordon
NCN
PF
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
Shrubs continued
Grevillea thelemanniana + ssp
Hummingbird Bush
Grevillea victoriae
Royal Grevillea
Grewia occidentalis
Lavender Starflower
Hakea laurina
Pincushion Hakea
Hakea suaveolens
Sweet-scented Hakea
Isopogon formosus
Rose Coneflower
Lantana camara + cvs
Yellow Sage
Leptospermum laevigatum + cv
Australian Tea Tree
Leptospermum petersonii
Lemon-scented Tea Tree
Leptospermum scoparium + cvs
New Zealand Tea Tree
Melaleuca nesophila
Pink Melaleuca
Metrosideros kermadecensis + cvs Dwarf Pohutakawa
Pittosporum crassifolium + cv
Karo
Pittosporum eugenioides + cv
NCN
Pittosporum tenuifolium + cvs
NCN
Pittosporum tobira + cvs
Tobira
Polygala x dalmaisiana
Sweet-pea Shrub
Polygala fruticosa Petite Butterflies NCN
Above: Cupaniopsis anacardioides
Aesthetic Character
PF
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
IG
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Perennials
Agapanthus species + cvs
Lily-of-the-Nile
Anisodontea x hypomandarum + cvs Cape Mallow
Dietes bicolor
NCN
Dietes grandiflora + cvs
Fortnight Lily
Hebe species + cvs
Hebe
Hemerocallis species + cvs
Daylily
Osteospermum jucundum
NCN
Phormium tenax + cvs
New Zealand Flax
Russelia equisetiformis
Coral Fountain
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
Ground Covers
Carissa macrocarpa Prostrata
Prostrate Natal Plum
Myoporum x Pacifica
NCN
Myoporum parvifolium + cvs
Prostrate Myoporum
Pelargonium peltatum + cvs
Ivy Geranium
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
Vines:
Clytostoma callistegioides
Distictis buccinatoria
Jasminum officinale
Pandorea jasminoides + cvs
Solanum jasminoides
M
M
M
M
M
1
1
1
1
1
Plant Palette
Prickly Paperbark
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
M/L
40%
20%
L/VL
141
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Plant Palette
Pomegranate
The pomegranate can become the perfect focal plant for
a mixed garden planting. It commonly grows as a dense
shrub for many years, but eventually can be pruned into
a very handsome multi-trunk tree. Red to orange flowers
provide attractive accent value in the spring and large red
fruit provides colorful contrast to the leaves that are turning
yellow in the fall. This fruit itself is edible or can be processed
into jellies, jams and drinks.
This palette is designed to bring attention to a number
of plants grown in Mediterranean climates for their fruit,
fragrance and culinary value, such as rosemary, sage and
thyme. Many of these plants attract birds and butterflies.
Trees such as the pomegranate, olive and edible fig can all be
pruned as they mature into very sculptural specimens with
interesting bark and branching character.
A review of the plant factors indicates differences among
moisture needs of plants in this palette. These plants can
grow together when they are organized into hydrozones
and microclimates, and sustained with separate irrigation
systems. Clipped hedges and border plants can be efficiently
irrigated with drip lines. Bubbler irrigation can also be
used to provide moisture to fruit bearing trees to meet their
needs. The charts on the opposite page show the baseline
supplemental moisture profile for these groups of plants that
can be used as a guide to set irrigation schedules.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Acca sellowiana + cvs
Pineapple Guava
Ficus carica Black Mission
Black Mission Fig
Ficus carica Brown Turkey Improved Brown Turkey Fig
Ficus carica Kadota
Kadota Fig
Ficus carica White Genoa
White Genoa Fig
Laurus nobilis
Sweet Bay
Olea europaea Manzanillo
Olive
Psidium cattleianum + cvs
Strawberry Guava
Punica granatum Wonderful
Wonderful Pomegranate
PF
M
M
M
M
M
M/L
M/L
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
Shrubs
Arbutus unedo Compacta
Compact Strawberry Tree
Capparis spinosa
Caper
Citrus cultivars
Orange, Lemon, Kumquat
Cistus x pulverulenta Sunset
NCN
Helianthemum cultivars
Rock Rose
Lavandula angustifolia + cvs
English Lavender
Lavandula dentata
French lavender
Lavandula Goodwin Creek Gray
NCN
Lavandula x intermedia + cvs
Lavadin
PF
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Lavandula multifida
Fernleaf Lavender
Lavandula stoechas + cvs
Spanish Lavender
Punica granatum Nana
Dwarf Pomegranate
Rosa mutabilis
Butterfly Rose
Rosmarinus officinalis + cvs
Rosemary
Santolina chamaecyparissus + cvs
Lavender Cotton
Santolina pinnata + cv
NCN
Santolina virens
NCN
Teucrium fruticans
Bush Germander
PF
M/L
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
M/L
M
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M
IG
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
Potted Plants
Agave americana Mediopicta Alba
Variegated Century Plant
Agave parryi + var
Artichoke Agave
Agave victoriae-reginae
Queen Victoria Agave
Aloe vera
Medicinal Aloe
Crassula arborescens
Silver Jade Plant
Crassula ovata + cvs
Jade Plant
Echeveria species + cvs
Hen and Chicks
Opuntia ficus-indica
Indian Fig
Sedum morganianum
Donkey Tail
Senecio serpens
Blue Chalksticks
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Hedge Plants
Myrtus communis + cvs
True Myrtle
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus alaternus
Italian Buckthorn
Viburnum tinus + cvs
Laurustinus
PF
M
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
1
2
2
2
Plant Palette
Pomegranate
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
PF
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
143
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Plant Palette
Sugar Gum
The sugar gum eucalyptus native to Australia has been one of
the most commonly planted and enjoyed eucalyptus species
for use in coastal and inland zones from central to southern
California since its introduction into the state before 1900.
One of the greatest concentration of this species occurs at
the University of San Diego campus near La Jolla where
extensive forests have been planted. Ironically, it naturally
occurs in just three relatively limited and disjunct areas
in South Australia, yet, it has become widely popular as a
landscape species in other parts of Australia and California.
This palette has been designed to fit large scale planting
areas and includes only species and cultivars of plants native
to Australia. Many of these are widely grown in California,
particularly in warm and dry climate zones. The intent of
this list is to bring attention to plants such as acacias and
grevilleas that are particularly well suited for understory
locations around eucalyptus trees where they are adapted
to filtered sunlight, eucalyptus leaf litter and dry summer
conditions. All are useful for park, highway and greenbelt
plantings, and can grow for many years with relatively
low maintenance. Understory plantings grow best in
combination with widely spaced trees to obtain sun, moisture
and soil nutrients. Dense stands of these trees mature and
produce heavy shade and extensive roots, resulting in a bare
understory covered mostly by leaf litter.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Acacia aneura
Mulga
Acacia baileyana + cv
Bailey Acacia
Acacia melanoxylon
Blackwood Acacia
Acacia pendula
Weeping Myall
Acacia podalyriifolia
Pearl Acacia
Acacia stenophylla
Shoestring Acacia
Brachychiton acerifolius
Australian Flame Tree
Brachychiton discolor
Queensland Lacebark
Brachychiton populneus
Kurrajong Bottle Tree
Brachychiton rupestris
Bottle Tree
Callistemon citrinus + cvs
Lemon Bottlebrush
Callistemon viminalis + cvs
Weeping Bottlebrush
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
River Red Gum
Eucalyptus citriodora
Lemon-scented Gum
Eucalyptus cladocalyx
Sugar Gum
Eucalyptus ficifolia
Red-flowering Gum
Eucalyptus globulus + cv
Blue Gum
Eucalyptus nicholii
Narrow-leafed Peppermint
Eucalyptus polyanthemos
Silver Dollar Gum
Eucalyptus sideroxylon + cv
Red Ironbark
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
VL/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Aesthetic Character
Trees continued
Eucalyptus viminalis
Manna Gum
Geijera parviflora
Australian Willow
Melaleuca linariifolia
Flaxleaf Paperbark
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Cajeput Tree
Melaleuca styphelioides
Prickly Paperbark
PF
M/L
M/L
M
M
M
Shrubs
Acacia covenyi
Blue Bush
Acacia cultriformis
Knife Acacia
Acacia longifolia
Sydney Golden Wattle
Acacia redolens
Prostrate Acacia
Acacia saligna
Golden Wreath Wattle
Alyogyne huegelii + cvs
Blue Hibiscus
Callistemon Little John
NCN
Eremophila maculata + cvs
Common Spotted Emu Bush
Eucalyptus conferruminata
Bushy Yate
Grevillea Canberra Gem
NCN
Grevillea Noelii
NCN
Grevillea Poorinda Constance
NCN
Grevillea Robyn Gordon
NCN
Hakea suaveolens
Sweet-scented Hakea
Leptospermum laevigatum + cv
Australian Tea Tree
Melaleuca armillaris
Drooping Melaleuca
Melaleuca elliptica
Granite Bottlebrush
Melaleuca incana
Gray Honey Myrtle
Melaleuca nesophila
Pink Melaleuca
Senna artemisioides
Feathery Cassia
Senna nemophila
Desert Cassia
Senna phyllodinea
Silvery Cassia
Westringia species + cvs
Coast Rosemary
PF IG
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Perennials
Anigozanthos species + cvs
Kangaroo Paw
Dianella tasmanica + cvs
Tasman Flax Lily
Doryanthes palmeri
Palmer Spear Lily
Xanthorrhoea preissii
Grass Tree
Xanthorrhoea quadrangulata
NCN
PF IG
M/L 2
M 1
M 1
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Vines
Cissus antarctica
Kangaroo Vine
Hardenbergia comptoniana
NCN
Hardenbergia violaceae + cvs
Lilac Vine
Pandorea pandorana + cv
Yellow Wonga Wonga Vine
PF
M
M/L
M/L
M
IG
2
2
1
1
1
IG
1
2
2
1
Plant Palette
Sugar Gum
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
145
www.landdesignpublishing.com
Plant Palette
Torrey Pine
Torrey pine is an attractive California native conifer with
a limited range of distribution. Its greatest concentration
occurs on sandstone slopes and bluffs along the coast near
La Jolla. Some trees occur further from the coast and others
occur on Santa Rosa Island. In contrast to its natural range,
this pine has been widely planted in ornamental landscapes
in many parts of California and has proven to be highly
adaptable to Mediterranean climates and varying amounts
of moisture.
This palette brings attention to plants that are members of
the sage scrub and chaparral plant communities of southern
California. It is a native plant palette highly suited for
open space and green belt plantings for the southern coastal
region. The intent is to achieve landscapes of locally adapted
species that can become self sustaining within 2-3 years
after they are planted. This will result in a landscape that
has habitat value for wildlife and requires lower amounts of
maintenance and water.
Plant palettes comprised of local native species is a key
basis for many open space and revegetation projects. This
approach to establishing landscapes often involves greater
care in seeking out appropriate species, nursery sources
and planting practices, but it is an important alternative
to traditional planting projects that require more care and
resources for survival and growth.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Cupressus forbesii
Tecate Cypress
Pinus torreyana
Torrey Pine
Quercus engelmannii
Mesa Oak
Sambucus nigra ssp. mexicana
Blue Elderberry
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L 3
M/L 2
Shrubs
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush
Atriplex lentiformis ssp. breweri
Quailbush
Baccharis pilularis + cvs
Coyote Brush
Cercocarpus minutiflorus
San Diego Mtn Mahogany
Dendromecon rigida
Bush Poppy
Encelia californica + cv
Coastal Encelia
Eriogonum fasciculatum + cvs
Common Buckwheat
Eriogonum giganteum
St. Catherines Lace
Fremontodendron mexicanum
Southern Flannel Bush
Galvezia juncea + cv
Baja Bush Snapdragon
Isomeris arborea
Bladderpod
Iva hayesiana
Hayes Iva
Justicia californica
Chuparosa
Lotus scoparius
Deer Weed
Malosma laurina
Laurel Sumac
PF
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
G
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
This group of plants takes on the
appearance of the southern coastal
sage scrub and chaparral plant
communities. Trees can be placed in
stands to help define areas of focus
and to frame views. Otherwise,
there is a random mixture of colors,
textures, shapes and patterns among
the understory shrubs, perennials and
grasses. A variety of flowers occur
during spring; muted foliage colors
dominate most of the year. Plantings
of Shaws agave, our Lords candle
and bear grass can be planted on
rocky outcroppings for additional
visual interest and diversity.
Shrubs continued
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Sticky Monkey Flower
Ornithostaphylos oppositifolia
Palo Blanco
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus crocea
Redberry
Rhus integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
Rhus lentii
Pink Flowering Sumac
Ruellia californica
NCN
Salvia apiana
White Sage
Salvia clevelandii
Cleveland Sage
Salvia leucophylla
Purple Sage
Salvia mellifera
Black Sage
Simmondsia chinensis
Jojoba
Trichostema lanatum
Woolly Blue Curls
Verbena lilacina
Cedros Island Verbena
Viguiera laciniata
San Diego County viguiera
PF
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
VL/L
PF IG
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
G
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Plant Palette
Torrey Pine
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
Annual ETo for Plant Climate Zones 23-24 ranges from 4958 in. each year. Average winter rainfall can meet most the
moisture needs of this palette from December to February;
some wintertime irrigation may be desirable during winter
dry spells and drought years. Landscapes comprised of
exotic plants commonly need supplemental irrigation to
offset this potential moisture loss. Native species are highly
adapted to survive and grow within the limits of seasonal
rainfall, and over time can mature into stable associations
with many large trees and shrubs.
The chart below illustrates a supplemental moisture range
up to 20% of ETo. The higher end of this range is suggested
for newer plantings for the first 1-2 years. Once established,
plants in this palette can survive without additional
irrigation.
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
147
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Plant Palette
Western Sycamore
Western sycamore is one of the most widely recognized
California native plants that is found growing near seasonal
and perennial streams in coastal, inland and valley areas
across most of the state. Like other species adapted to
riparian conditions in Mediterranean climate zones, western
sycamore survives on winter rains as well as moisture
obtained from streams during the dry summer months
common to its natural range. It often grows into a highly
sculptural and picturesque tree in both native and ornamental
landscapes with its twisting trunk and branches. Bark flakes
off in patches to produce a mottled pattern of colors; fall
foliage takes on a golden hue when backlit by low angle
sunlight. Large trees can drop an abundant amount of leaves
during fall that overwhelm garden spaces and necessitate
several weeks of diligent removal.
The Western Sycamore Plant Palette is well suited
for riparian and woodland-type plantings. The shady
understory area can be filled with a diverse selection of
flowering evergreen and deciduous shrubs, perennials, ferns
and grasses. Many of the most popular and easy to grow
California native plants are included in this palette, including
western redbud, spice bush, bush anemone, coral bells and
Douglas iris.
Horticultural Preferences
Above: The branching of Platanus racemosa often develops with a lot of twisting
character and mottled bark as it matures.
Below: Umbellularia californica
Trees
Acer macrophyllum
Bigleaf Maple
Acer negundo var. californicum
California Box Elder
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii
Catalina Cherry
Salix laevigata
Red Willow
Salix lasiolepis
Arroyo Willow
Umbellularia californica
California Bay Tree
PF
H/M
H/M
H/M
M/L
H/M
H/M
H/M
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Shrubs
Berberis aquifolium + cvs
Oregon Grape
Berberis Golden Abundance
Golden Abundance Barberry
Berberis repens
Creeping Barberry
Calycanthus occidentalis
Spice Bush
Carpenteria californica + cv
Bush Anemone
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
Cornus sericea
Creek Dogwood
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Toyon
Keckiella antirrhinoides
Yellow Keckiella
Keckiella cordifolia
Heartleaf Penstemon
Myrica californica
Pacific Wax Myrtle
PF
H/M
M/L
M/L
H/M
M/L
M/L
H/M
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Philadelphus lewisii
Western Mock Orange
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus californica + cvs
California Coffeeberry
Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum Pink Flowering Currant
Ribes speciosum
Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
Ribes viburnifolium
Evergreen Currant
Rosa californica
California Rose
Venegasia carpesioides
Canyon Sunflower
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
Vines
Vitis californica
California Wild Grape
Perennials
Heuchera species + cvs
Coral Bells
Iris douglasiana + cvs
Douglas Iris
Mimulus cardinalis
Scarlet Monkey Flower
Mimulus guttatus
Seep Monkey Flower
Sisyrinchium bellum
Blue-eyed Grass
PF IG
H/M 2
PF
H/M
H/M
H/M
H/M
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
Ferns
Adiantum aleuticum
Western Five-fingered Fern
Adiantum capillus-veneris
Southern Maidenhair
Adiantum jordanii
California Maidenhair
Polypodium californicum
California Polypody
Polystichum californicum
California Sword Fern
Polystichum munitum
Western Sword Fern
Woodwardia fimbriata
Giant Chain Fern
PF
H
H
H
M/L
H/M
H/M
M/L
IG
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
PF
M
M
H
H
H
IG
1
1
1
1
1
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Plant Palette
Western Sycamore
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
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Plant Palette
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Acacia aneura
Mulga
Acacia willardiana
Palo Blanco
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Desert Willow
Parkinsonia praecox
Palo Brea
Psorothamnus spinosus
Smoke Tree
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Palms
Brahea armata
Mexican Blue Palm
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
PF IG
M 1
M 1
Shrubs
Abutilon palmeri
Indian Mallow
Baccharis sarothroides
Broom Baccharis
Caesalpinia mexicana
Mexican Bird of Paradise Bush
Caesalpinia pulcherrima + cv
Red Bird of Paradise Bush
Calliandra californica
Baja Fairy Duster
Calliandra eriophylla
Pink Fairy Duster
Calliandra peninsularis
NCN
Celtis pallida
Desert Hackberry
Cordia boissieri
Texas Olive
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Cordia parvifolia
Little-leaf Cordia
Dalea frutescens + cv
Black Dalea
Dalea pulchra
Indigo Bush
Encelia farinosa
Incienso
Justicia californica
Chuparosa
Leucophyllum candidum + cvs
NCN
Leucophyllum frutescens + cvs
Texas Ranger
Ruellia peninsularis
Desert Ruellia
Senna phyllodinea
Silvery Cassia
Tecoma stans + cvs
Yellow Bells
Tecoma x Orange Jubilee
NCN
Tecoma x Sunrise
NCN
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L-VL 2
L-VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
PF IG
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Plant Palette
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
151
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Plant Palette
Palo Verde
The palo verde is one of the signature plants for landscapes
and gardens in low desert regions throughout California
and Arizona. This is due to its many aesthetic qualities and
widespread adaptability to such dry, hot and wind-prone
regions.
Many of the desert trees included in this palette such
as acacia, mesquite and other palo verdes are naturally
low branching and shrub-like in habit. This growth habit
helps trees resist strong winds, cool the root zone and
contribute modest amounts of mulch within the drip line
of the canopy. Additionally, in nature, these trees typically
grow along washes and adjacent to rock outcroppings where
scant rainfall collects and is concentrated for plants to use.
Such trees will develop deep or extensive root systems, or
both, as they harvest water within reach. Larger trees are a
good indication of more moisture availability. Leaves are
often dropped under moisture stress, but quickly regrow
when available. Flowering is most common in early spring
following winter rains.
The palo verde plant palette illustrates a combination of
colorful foliage type plants that can be used for aesthetic
value and water conservation in warmer and drier climate
zones of southern California. There are also many agaves,
cacti, palms and perennials in this palette. Since many of
the species included on this list are native to the southwest,
they are well adapted to native soils and extreme climate
conditions.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Acacia farnesiana
Acacia stenophylla
Caesalpinia cacalaco
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Parkinsonia Desert Museum
Parkinsonia floridum
Parkinsonia praecox
Prosopis alba + cvs
Prosopis glandulosa + cvs
Prosopis Phoenix
Sweet Acacia
Shoestring Acacia
Cascalote
Desert Willow
NCN
Palo Verde
Palo Brea
Argentine Mesquite
Texas Honey Mesquite
NCN
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Palms
Brahea armata
Mexican Blue Palm
Phoenix dactylifera
Date Palm
Washingtonia filifera
California Fan Palm
Washingtonia robusta
Mexican Fan Palm
PF
M
M
M
M
IG
1
1
1
1
Shrubs
Anisacanthus quadrafidus
Desert Honeysuckle
Caesalpinia pulcherrima + cv
Red Bird of Paradise Bush
Calliandra peninsularis
NCN
Cordia boissieri
Texas Olive
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
IG
2
2
2
2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Dalea pulchra
Indigo Bush
Encelia farinosa
Incienso
Euphorbia xantii
NCN
Justicia californica
Chuparosa
Leucophyllum species + cvs
Texas Ranger
Ruellia peninsularis
Desert Ruellia
Salvia greggii + cvs
Autumn Sage
Senna artemisioides
Feathery Cassia
Senna phyllodinea
Silvery Cassia
Simmondsia chinensis
Jojoba
Tecoma stans + cvs
Yellow Bells
Tecoma x Orange Jubilee
NCN
Tecoma x Sunrise
NCN
PF IG
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
PF
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
L/VL
L/VL
L/VL
M/L
M/L
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
IG
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Plant Palette
Palo Verde
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
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Plant Palette
Southwestern Chaparral
This palette combines a diverse mixture of plants that are
native to the dry climates and habitats found in many parts
of southern California and the southwestern United States.
The result is a list of drought tolerant plants that are rich
in character, attractive to wildlife and suggestive of the
chaparral, sage scrub and low desert plant communities.
The effort to identify and select plants from dry climate
zones for use in ornamental landscapes and gardens has been
a long standing goal of many people and organizations. This
reflects a full range of values associated with sustainable
landscapes. These include the protection and conservation
of natural habitats and species, efficient and appropriate use
of water, celebration of species diversity and desire to use
plants from the region.
This landscape example reflects these values and illustrates
one of many planting possibilities for use in southern
California. It features several spectacular flowering species
such as the flannel bush, our Lords candle and bush poppy.
It also relies on the use of boulders, stone walls, decomposed
granite and topography for additional interest and spatial
definition. Rainfall provides all moisture during winter; drip
irrigation is used to provide low amounts of supplemental
moisture to selected plants during summer. A wide variety
of birds, butterflies, native honeybees and lizards are seen in
this landscape.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Acacia farnesiana
Sweet Acacia
Ornithostaphylos oppositifolia
Palo Blanco
Parkinsonia species + cvs
Palo Verde
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Shrubs
Arctostaphylos glauca
Bigberry Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Howard McMinn
McMinn Manzanita
Arctostaphylos John Dourley
John Dourley Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Lester Roundtree
Lester Roundtree Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita Dr. Hurd Parry Manzanita
Arctostaphylos Sunset
Sunset Manzanita
Artemisia californica + cvs
California Sagebrush
Artemisia californica Montara
Montara California Sagebrush
Baccharis pilularis + cvs
Coyote Brush
Ceanothus Concha
Concha Ceanothus
Ceanothus Dark Star
Dark Star Ceanothus
Ceanothus Frosty Blue
Frosty Blue Ceanothus
Ceanothus Gentian Plume
Gentian Plume Ceanothus
Ceanothus Joyce Coulter
Joyce Coulter Ceanothus
Ceanothus Julia Phelps
Julia Phelps Ceanothus
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Ceanothus Ray Hartman
Ray Hartman Ceanothus
Cercocarpus minutiflorus
San Diego Mtn Mahogany
Dendromecon harfordii
Island Bush Poppy
Encelia actoni
Acton Encelia
Encelia farinosa
Incienso
Eriogonum arborescens
Santa Cruz Island Buckwheat
Eriogonum cinereum
Ashyleaf Buckwheat
Eriogonum fasciculatum + cvs
Common Buckwheat
Eriogonum giganteum
St. Catherines Lace
Fremontodendron California Glory California Glory Flannel Bush
Galvezia juncea Punta Banda
Baja Bush Snapdragon
Heteromeles arbutifolia + cvs
Toyon
Isomeris arborea
Bladderpod
Lotus scoparius
Deer Weed
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Cherry
Rhamnus crocea
Redberry
Salvia Allen Chickering
Allen Chickering Sage
Salvia apiana
White Sage
Salvia clevelandii Winifred Gilman Cleveland Sage
Salvia leucophylla Point Sal Spreader Prostrate Purple Sage
Trichostema lanatum
Woolly Blue Curls
Viguiera laciniata
San Diego County viguiera
PF IG
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
Vines
Clematis lasiantha
Chaparral Clematis
Lonicera subspicata
Chaparral Honeysuckle
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
Perennials
Epilobium canum + cvs
California Fuchsia
Eriogonum grande + var
Island Buckwheat
Lupinus excubitus
Grape Soda Lupine
Mimulus aurantiacus + cvs
Sticky Monkey Flower
Penstemon centranthifolius
Scarlet Bugler
Penstemon eatonii
Firecracker Penstemon
Penstemon heterophyllus + cv
Foothill Penstemon
Penstemon spectabilis
Showy Penstemon
Romneya coulteri White Cloud
Matilija Poppy
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Plant Palette
Southwestern Chaparral
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
The ETo for Plant Climate Zones 18-24 ranges from 49-58
in. per year. Average winter rainfall can meet the moisture
needs of this palette from December to February.
The chart below illustrates a supplemental moisture range from
medium to very low. Reduced irrigation is recommended for
all plants during summer months. This moisture will enable
plants in ornamental landscapes and gardens to retain good
character without stimulating excessive levels of growth. A
few plants in this palette will grow better with more moisture.
These can be grouped together in the same hydrozone and in
microclimate areas with a separate irrigation system. Drip
irrigation can be selectively located to provide moisture to
different areas in this type of mixed planting. Species of
agaves, dudleya, hesperoyucca and nolina can do well with
very little or no summer water once established, particularly
along the coast.
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
Below: Lupinus excubitus with Encelia farinosa, Artemisia Montara, Dendromecon harfordii and Parkinsonia praecox
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Plant Palette
Thornless Mesquite
The intermediate deserts of California represented by
Plant Climate Zone 11 is one of the most challenging for
landscapes and gardens. It is even more challenging when
the goal is to work with native and southwestern plants that
fit the regional character. With these thoughts in mind,
mesquite has been selected to anchor a palette of plants that
come from arid climate zones and intermediate deserts with
heat, aridity and cold.
Mesquite trees are widely distributed throughout the
southwestern United States, Mexico and dry climate zones of
South America. Several species occur across this vast range
and several have been selected for ornamental use in desert
climate zones where they are valued for their endurance of
harsh climate conditions.
Many of these plants also grow in the low deserts of
Climate Zone 13, and in sunny and warm climate areas of
Zones 8-9, 18-19. This range is explained by their preference
for heat and tolerance of cold. Even with these adaptations
and tolerances, a diverse and colorful palette of plants is
available for spaces of many sizes.
Horticultural Preferences
Trees
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Desert Willow
Chilopsis linearis + cvs
Desert Willow
Ebenopsis ebano
Texas Ebony
Olneya tesota
Desert Ironwood
Prosopis alba + cvs
Argentine Mesquite
Prosopis chilensis
Chilean Mesquite
Prosopis glandulosa + cvs
Texas Honey Mesquite
Prosopis Phoenix
NCN
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
Shrubs
Anisacanthus quadrafidus + cvs
Desert Honeysuckle
Baccharis sarothroides
Broom Baccharis
Caesalpinia gilliesii
Yellow Bird of Paradise
Caesalpinia mexicana
Mexican Poinciana
Calliandra californica
Baja Fairy Duster
Calliandra eriophylla
Fairy Duster
Cordia boissieri
Wild Olive
Cordia parvifolia
Little-leaf Cordia
Encelia actoni
Acton Encelia
Encelia farinosa
Incienso
PF IG
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
Aesthetic Character
Shrubs continued
Justicia californica
Chuparosa
Leucophyllum candidum + cvs
NCN
Leucophyllum frutescens + cvs
Texas Ranger
Leucophyllum laevigatum
Chihuahuan Sage
Simmondsia chinensis
Jojoba
Sophora secundiflora
Mescal Bean
PF IG
M/L 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Ground Covers
Baccharis Centennial
Centennial Desert Broom
Baccharis Starn
NCN
Dalea greggii
Trailing Indigo Bush
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
Perennials
Baileya multiradiata
Desert Marigold
Melampodium leucanthum
Blackfoot Daisy
Penstemon eatonii
Firecracker Penstemon
Penstemon heterophyllus + cv
Foothill Penstemon
Penstemon palmeri
Scented Penstemon
Penstemon parryi
Parrys Penstemon
Verbena rigida
NCN
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
M/L 2
Grasses
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Pink Muhly
Muhlenbergia lindheimeri
Lindheimers Muhly
Muhlenbergia rigens
Deer Grass
Sporobolus airoides
Alkalai Sacaton
PF
M/L
M/L
M/L
M/L
PF IG
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
L/VL 2
IG
2
2
2
IG
2
2
2
2
Plant Palette
Thornless Mesquite
Seasonal Moisture and Irrigation Schedules
ETo
ETo
100%
80%
PF
H/M
60%
40%
M/L
20%
L/VL
157
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