Energy Recovery

for RO Units

Energy Recovery
for RO Units

The webinar will start at the top of the hour

If you need assistance, type in the Questions box
Website: www.dhptraining.com
Contact: dpaul@dhptraining.com

Instructors
David Paul
Eric Kadaj

David H. Paul, Inc.

Energy Recovery, Inc.

Website: www.energyrecovery.com
Contact: ekadaj@energyrecovery.com

dpaul@dhptraining.com
ekadaj@energyrecovery.com

Todays Webinar

Todays Webinar

40 minute presentation
David gives Intro
Eric provides details

20 minutes of Q & A
Type your questions into the
Questions box

Todays Webinar

This presentation is recorded

Will be available at:
www.dhptraining.com/recordings
Youll be sent a Thank You email
with a PDF of this presentation

David Paul

David H. Paul, Inc. and Energy

Recovery Inc. do not have a financial
relationship

Working with high-tech water

treatment systems since 1977

This webinar is presented to give the

water treatment industry information
on a topic of interest and value

Master of Science Degree in

Microbiology

Training and consulting at

hundreds of plant since 1988

Eric Kadaj
17 years of experience in the
Desalination Industry
10+ years focused on ERDs
including hydraulic design,
operation, and support
Bachelor of Science in
Chemical Engineering

RO Operating Costs

Energy
Recovery

Energy Recovery
SWRO

996 psi
68.7 bar
Reject
Brine
Concentrate

967 psi
66.7 bar

Energy Recovery Devices

ERDs
Pelton Wheel
Turbocharger
Positive Displacement

Energy Recovery
With Pelton Wheels,
concentrate energy
helps turn the RO units
high pressure pump

Pelton Wheel

Pelton Wheel
Reject

Reject

Courtesy: Energy Recovery Inc.

Courtesy: Energy Recovery Inc.

Pelton Wheel
Pelton
Wheel with
clear shell
showing
turbulent
water

Courtesy: Newterra

Pelton Wheel
Reject
Pipe

Reject
Pipe

Courtesy: Newterra

Pelton Wheel
Reject
To Drain
(Atmosphere)

Energy Recovery
With Turbochargers &
Positive Displacement ERDs,
concentrate energy boosts
the RO feed water pressure
but not coupled directly to
the high pressure pump

Courtesy: Newterra

Turbocharger

Courtesy: Energy Recovery Inc.

Turbocharger

Courtesy: Energy Recovery Inc.

Turbocharger

Savings Example
Sample SWRO Savings based on a 350 psi TURBO boost
Capacity

Feed Flow

Product Flow

Small

100 gpm

35 gpm

US$ saved per year

$13,403

Medium

1000 gpm

400 gpm

$172,495

Large

10,000 gpm

4,500 gpm

$1,765,650

( US$ 0.10 per kWh and 90% system availability)

Source: Energy Recovery Inc.

Courtesy: Energy Recovery Inc.

Turbocharger

Positive Displacement

For an excellent animation

go to

HPP

High Pressure
Reject

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-QFhVnq_Eg
Low Pressure
Seawater

Positive Displacement

Positive Displacement
Not exact but shows the concept

High Pressure
Reject

HPP
Booster Pump

Piston

HPP

High-Pressure
Reject

Booster Pump

Low-Pressure
Reject

Low Pressure
Seawater

Low Pressure
Seawater

Positive Displacement

Positive Displacement

Not exact but shows the concept

Flow Serve
High-Pressure
Reject

HPP
Booster Pump

Low-Pressure
Reject

Low Pressure
Seawater

Positive Displacement
For an excellent video of the
Flow Serve ERD
(though long15 minutes)
go to
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaKYbHwv4k4

(CalderDWEER)

Energy Recovery Inc.

(Rotary)

Energy Recovery
Energy Recovery Inc.s positive
displacement ERD is called a
Pressure Exchanger (PX)
The feed-concentrate and
concentrate-feed channels rotate
There are no pistons

Energy Recovery

Energy Recovery
For an excellent animation
go to
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsgTRFDU_p0

Courtesy: Energy Recovery Inc.

Eric Kadaj
17 years of experience in the
Desalination Industry
10+ years focused on ERDs
including hydraulic design,
operation, and support
Bachelor of Science in
Chemical Engineering

For More Info

DHP has:
36 days of classroom training
37 days of hands-on training
Whatever your water treatment training
needs, DHP can support you

Q&A

Thank You
for
Attending!
Please answer the 3 Polling Questions
before leaving (will take only 10-30 seconds)

www.dhptraining.com

11/9/2016

David H Paul ERD Technical

Presentation

Energy Recovery Devices in SWRO

Systems
WATER

November 9, 2016

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

SWRO System No ERD

SWRO System Pelton Wheel

HighPressurePump(HPP)sizedforfullflowandpressuretothesystem

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

HPPsizedforfullflowandpressuretothesystem.MotoroffloadedbyPelton.
3

SWRO System - Turbocharger

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

SWRO System - Turbocharger

HPPsizedforfullflowandpartialpressure

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

ThinkoftheturbochargerasasecondpumpinserieswithHPP
5

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

11/9/2016

SWRO System - PX

SWRO System - PX

HPPsizedforpartialflowandfullpressure

ThinkofthePXasasecondpumpinparallelwithHPP
7

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

ERD Efficiencies

AT Turbocharger Exploded View

100

Efficiency %

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

TurbineVolute

ThrustBearing

Isobaric

RotatingAssembly

Turbocharger

80

Pelton Turbine

PumpVolute

60

AuxiliaryValve
40
20

Increasing Flow

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

AT Turbocharger Volute Insert

Technology

35%

4045%,upto50%

OperatingPressure Upto74bar

10% change in flow = 1.5% drop in efficiency

100%
90%
80%
70%

Efficiency

Recovery(typical)

Today

10

AT Turbocharger Volute Insert

Technology

Patented ERI technology

Ability to adapt to improvements in desalination technology
Membrane technology improvements
Early2000s

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

60%
50%
40%
30%

6468bar

20%
10%
0%

Improved pretreatment technology

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

200

400

600

800

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800

Feed Flow (m3/h)

11

Easily replaceable volute and nozzle components allow for best efficiency point
operation even when operating requirements change
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11/9/2016

AT Turbocharger Cost of Lost

Efficiency
1.5% - 2% loss of efficiency could COST $Millions
over the entire plant life
PumpFlow=

8600gpm

RequiredHead=

562psi

Pump BestEfficiencyPoint =

87%

PumpOffDesign Efficiency =

85.5%

CostofPower=

Two Stage Design with Energy Recovery

Devices

$0.12/KWh

OPEXIncreaseover20years

$1,114,160

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Energy available for SWRO System

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

Energy available for BWRO System

EnergyRatio=ConcentrateEnergy/FeedEnergy
=(FeedPressure MembranedP) (1 Recovery)
FeedPressure

EnergyRatio=ConcentrateEnergy/FeedEnergy
=(FeedPressure MembranedP) (1 Recovery)
FeedPressure

Below3kwh/m3forSWRO
FeedPressure(psi)
MembranedP(psi)

14

Below1kwh/m3forBWRO

900

FeedPressure(psi)

30

MembranedP(psi)

220
40

Recovery

40%

Recovery

70%

ConcentrateEnergyRatio

58%

ConcentrateEnergyRatio

25%

Two Stage Modeling/Flux Balancing

What is Flux?
Defined as the permeate produced per membrane area
Lmh: Liters per square meter per hour
Gfd: Gallons per square foot per day
Balancing flux between stages spreads the rate of fouling over the
greatest membrane area
Improves final system permeate quality when the flux is increased in the
last stages

Flux

Reduces recovery in 1st stage and increases it on the 2nd stage

Can reduce fouling potential in the 1st stage

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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11/9/2016

Two Stage Modeling/Flux Balancing

Flux balance advantages

Install a valve on the permeate line from the first stage known in industry
as permeate throttling.

By applying a balanced flux through the membranes, it

can extend the lifetime of the system which ultimately

By throttling this valve, permeate back pressure will increase, reducing net
driving pressure and reducing permeate flux from the first stage.

increases uptime. Fouling, scaling and replacement rate

also decrease. Whats more, it leads to less maintenance

Boost the pressure in the concentrate line between the first and the
second stage.

and this will be reflected in OPEX savings.

Pump will increase feed pressure to the second stage resulting in higher
permeate flow.

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

Membrane Manufacturer

19

20

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

Multi-stage brackish water typical

configuration

Two Stage Systems with Turbochargers

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

21

Flux Balancing Case 1

Unbalanced Flux
Average Flux:
1st Stage Flux:
2nd Stage Flux:

Flux Balancing Case 2

Permeate Throttling

21.4 lmh
23.8 lmh
16.5 lmh

Permeate
Valve

Feed Flow: 667m3/hr

Feed Pump Pressure: 9.9 Bars
Feed TDS: 1124 ppm
Permeate TDS: 22.2 ppm
Feed Pump Power: 309 hp

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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11/9/2016

Flux Balancing Case 2

Permeate Throttling
Average Flux:
1st Stage Flux:
2nd Stage Flux:

Flux Balancing Case 3

Interstage Boost

21.4 lmh
21.9 lmh
20.2 lmh

Feed Flow: 667m3/hr

Feed Pump Pressure: 11.2 Bars
13% Increase over Case 1

Feed TDS: 1124 ppm

Permeate TDS: 20.7 ppm
Feed Pump Power: 355 HP
15% Increase over Case 1

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Flux Balancing Case 3

Interstage Boost

26

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

Flux Balancing Case Study

Summary
Basic Design (A)

Permeate
Throttling (B)

Interstage
Turbo Boost (C)

Pump Power (HP)

309

355

280

Motor and VFD size (HP)

350

400

300

Feed Flow: 667m3/hr

Permeate production (m3/hr)

500

500

500

Feed Pump Pressure: 9.2 Bars

7% Decrease over Case 1

Flux Rate (lmh)

Average Flux:
1st Stage Flux:
2nd Stage Flux:

21.4 lmh
21.9 lmh
20.2 lmh

Case

1st stage

23.8

21.9

21.9

2nd stage

16.5

20.2

20.2

Feed TDS: 1124 ppm

Specific Permeate Energy Rate

(kW/m3)

Permeate TDS: 20.7 ppm

Annual Power Usage (8,322hrs/yr)

Feed Pump Power: 280 HP

9% Decrease over Case 1

Annual Power Cost ($0.10kWhr)

192,862

221,573

174,762

20 year Power Cost

3,857,240

4,431,460

3,495,240

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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0.46

0.53

0.42

1,928,624

2,215,733

1,747,620

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Two stage modeling with an

isobaric solution

Two Stage Systems with PX devices

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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11/9/2016

Two stage modeling with an

isobaric solution

Two stage modeling with an

isobaric solution

Two-Stage RO system with Interstage Boost and Isobaric ERD

Interstage boost control by the booster pump VFD

Pump provides both interstage boost and ERD circulation functions

Feed pump design flow reduced by the PX device

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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THANK YOU

Contacts:
Eric Kadaj, Senior Technical Director
ekadaj@energyrecovery.com
+1-510-746-2526
+1-248-787-7383

Presentation Title | Presented to [Customer Name] | Day, Month Year

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